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18510748 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbeek | Verbeek | Verbeek is a surname of Dutch origin. The name is a contraction of the toponym Van der Beek, meaning "from/of the creek". Besides a location near a stream, the original bearer may have been from a place called Beek. In the Netherlands 9,775 people carried the name in 2007, making it the 100st most common surname.
Nota... | Verbeek is a Dutch surname derived from the toponym Van der Beek, meaning "from/of the creek." While the name originally indicated proximity to a stream, its original bearers may also have hailed from a place called Beek. In the Netherlands, 9,775 people carried the name in 2007, ranking it as the 100th most common sur... | Verbeek is a Dutch surname found in the Netherlands and Belgium, primarily associated with notable individuals in fields such as academia, sports, and the arts, including the Dutch footballer André Verbeek and the mathematician Hendrik Verbeek. The name has historical roots in the region of North Brabant, where the sur... |
52436908 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overland%20Waterloo%20Company%20Building | Overland Waterloo Company Building | The Overland Waterloo Company Building is a historic building located in Waterloo, Iowa, United States. Built in 1916 by the Corn Belt Auto Company, the four-story, brick structure housed the Northeast Iowa distributorship for Willys-Overland Motors. Designed by Waterloo architect Clinton P. Shockley, it features bri... | The Overland Waterloo Company Building is a historic structure located in Waterloo, Iowa, United States. Completed in 1916 by the Corn Belt Auto Company, this four-story brick edifice housed the Northeast Iowa distributorship for Willys-Overland Motors. Designed by local architect Clinton P. Shockley, the building feat... | The Overland Waterloo Company Building is a historic commercial structure located in Waterloo, New York, originally constructed in 1875 as the headquarters for the Overland Land and Cattle Company. Designed in the Second Empire architectural style, the building features distinctive cast-iron columns, a mansard roof, an... |
32349493 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explanatory%20combinatorial%20dictionary | Explanatory combinatorial dictionary | An explanatory combinatorial dictionary (ECD) is a type of monolingual dictionary designed to be part of a meaning-text linguistic model of a natural language. It is intended to be a complete record of the lexicon of a given language. As such, it identifies and describes, in separate entries, each of the language's le... | An explanatory combinatorial dictionary (ECD) is a monolingual dictionary designed as a component of a meaning-text linguistic model for a natural language. Intended to serve as a complete record of a language's lexicon, such a dictionary identifies and describes in separate entries every lexeme—roughly each word or se... | An explanatory combinatorial dictionary is a specialized type of dictionary that defines words not merely by synonyms or usage examples, but by explicitly mapping them to specific combinatorial structures, such as permutations, sequences, or graph isomorphism classes. Unlike standard lexical references, this approach t... |
6805194 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife%20Enforcement%20Monitoring%20System | Wildlife Enforcement Monitoring System | The Wildlife Enforcement Monitoring System (WEMS) Initiative, brainchild of environment policy researcher Remi Chandran, is an environmental governance project developed for assisting in monitoring the effectiveness of enforcement and compliance of wildlife law at a national level. The purpose of WEMS initiative is to ... | The Wildlife Enforcement Monitoring System (WEMS) Initiative, conceptualized by environmental policy researcher Remi Chandran, is an environmental governance project designed to monitor the effectiveness of wildlife law enforcement and compliance at the national level. The initiative aims to track wildlife trafficking ... | The Wildlife Enforcement Monitoring System (WEMS) is a surveillance and data collection framework utilized by various national and international agencies to detect, track, and deter poaching, habitat destruction, and other illegal activities affecting wildlife populations. The system typically integrates remote sensing... |
4168628 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997%20NCAA%20Division%20I-A%20football%20season | 1997 NCAA Division I-A football season | The 1997 NCAA Division I-A football season, play of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association at the Division I-A level, began in late summer 1997 and culminated with the major bowl games in early January 1998. The national championship was split for the third time... | The 1997 NCAA Division I-A football season, representing college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association at the Division I-A level, began in late summer 1997 and culminated with the major bowl games in early January 1998. The national championship was split for the third ... | The 1997 NCAA Division I-A football season was the 78th season of college football played under the rules of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the 23rd season under the NCAA Division I-A classification. The regular season concluded with the Texas Longhorns being named national champions after winn... |
30861578 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wudangquan | Wudangquan | Wudangquan () is a class of Chinese martial arts. In contemporary China, Chinese martial arts styles are generally classified into two major groups: Wudang (Wutang), named after the Wudang Mountains; and Shaolin, named after the Shaolin Monastery. Whereas Shaolin includes many martial art styles, Wudangquan includes on... | Wudangquan (武当拳) is a class of Chinese martial arts. In contemporary China, Chinese martial arts styles are generally classified into two major groups: Wudang (Wutang), named after the Wudang Mountains, and Shaolin, named after the Shaolin Monastery. Whereas Shaolin encompasses many martial art styles, Wudangquan inclu... | Wudangquan (literally "Mountain of Wu Internal Fist"), also known as Wudang style or Wudang internal martial arts, is a Chinese internal martial art originating in the Wudang Mountains of Hubei province. It is characterized by the integration of Taoist philosophy and alchemy, a distinctive style of movement known as "e... |
4913309 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albion%20River | Albion River | The Albion River is an river in Mendocino County, California. The river drains about on the Mendocino Coast and empties into the Pacific Ocean near the town of Albion, California, where California State Route 1 crosses it on the Albion River Bridge. The river's overall direction is east to west, but it moves signific... | The Albion River is a river in Mendocino County, California, that drains approximately on the Mendocino Coast and empties into the Pacific Ocean near the town of Albion, where California State Route 1 crosses it on the Albion River Bridge. Although the river's overall direction is east to west, it moves significantly i... | The Albion River is a river located in the state of Victoria, Australia, which flows approximately 85 kilometres before discharging into Bass Strait near the town of Traralgon. It serves as a significant waterway in the region, supporting a moderate population density along its banks and providing essential resources f... |
70593485 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation%20land%20trust | Conservation land trust | Conservation land trusts are nonprofit organizations that acquire and steward land or conservation easements for the purpose of achieving environmental, agricultural, recreational, and/or species conservation goals. Conservation land trusts often work in cooperation with landowners to achieve shared goals and may provi... | Conservation land trusts are nonprofit organizations that acquire and steward land or conservation easements to achieve environmental, agricultural, recreational, and/or species conservation goals. These organizations frequently collaborate with landowners to pursue shared objectives and often host public outreach even... | A conservation land trust is a nonprofit organization or legal entity that acquires, protects, or conserves privately owned land to prevent its development, conversion, or destruction, often through the purchase of development rights or conservation easements. These organizations function as intermediaries between land... |
60076579 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanifah%20Hajar%20Taib | Hanifah Hajar Taib | Dato Hanifah Hajar Taib also known as Hanifah Hajar Taib-Alsree (born 1972) is a Malaysian politician and businesswoman who has served as the Deputy Minister of Economy in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) administration under Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim and Minister Rafizi Ramli since December 2022 and the Member of Parliame... | Dato Hanifah Hajar Taib, also known as Hanifah Hajar Taib-Alsree (born 1972), is a Malaysian politician and businesswoman who served as Deputy Minister of Economy in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) administration under Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim and Minister Rafizi Ramli from December 2022, and as Member of Parliament (MP) ... | Hanifah Hajar Taib (born 1983) is a Malaysian political activist and former minister in the cabinet of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) who served as the Minister of Education from 2022 to 2023. A member of the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (Parti Islam Se-Malaysia or PAS), she was appointed by Prime Minist... |
505059 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baron%20Wolverton | Baron Wolverton | Baron Wolverton, of Wolverton in the County of Buckingham, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1869 for the banker George Glyn. He was the fourth son of Sir Richard Carr Glyn, 1st Baronet, of Gaunt's House, Lord Mayor of London in 1798, himself the fourth son of Sir Richard Glyn, 1st Baro... | Baron Wolverton, of Wolverton in the County of Buckingham, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1869 for the banker George Glyn, the fourth son of Sir Richard Carr Glyn, 1st Baronet, of Gaunt's House, Lord Mayor of London in 1798, who was himself the fourth son of Sir Richard Glyn, 1st Bar... | Baron Wolverton is a fictional title of nobility created by author J.R.R. Tolkien for the character Lord Elrond of Rivendell in *The Lord of the Rings* series, appearing only in the appendices and supplementary materials rather than the main narrative texts. The title is an anachronistic insertion by Tolkien's friend C... |
1028180 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediatised%20houses | Mediatised houses | The mediatised houses (or mediatized houses, ) were ruling princely and comital-ranked houses that were mediatised in the Holy Roman Empire during the period 1803–1815 as part of German mediatisation, and were later recognised in 1825–1829 by the German ruling houses as possessing considerable rights and rank. With few... | Mediatized houses (or mediatized houses) were ruling princely and comital-ranked houses that were mediatized in the Holy Roman Empire during the period 1803–1815 as part of German mediatization and were later recognized in 1825–1829 by the German ruling houses as possessing considerable rights and rank. With few except... | A mediatised house (also known as a media house or media institution) is an organization that owns or controls multiple media outlets, including publishing companies, broadcasting stations, and online platforms, to produce and distribute content across various channels. These entities typically function as integrated s... |
49404859 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siphiwe%20Mvuyane | Siphiwe Mvuyane | Siphiwe Mvuyane was a South African police officer who died on 9 May 1993. During the period of "low intensity warfare" in South Africa which largely pitted the African National Congress (ANC) and Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), Siphiwe Mvuyane was on the side of the IFP. During the period of the "low intensity warfare", ... | Siphiwe Mvuyane was a South African police officer who died on 9 May 1993. During the period of "low intensity warfare" in South Africa, which largely pitted the African National Congress (ANC) against the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), Mvuyane served on the side of the IFP. At that time, the IFP was the sole ruling part... | Siphiwe Mvuyane (born 25 March 1991) is a South African professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for the Nigeria National Team and the Premier League club West Bromwich Albion. Born in Soweto, South Africa, he developed his career through local youth systems in the city's eMgama Town and Kaizer Chiefs academie... |
623908 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Train%20surfing | Train surfing | Train surfing (also known as train hopping or train hitching) is the act of riding on the outside of a moving train, tram or other forms of rail transport. In a number of countries, the term 'train hopping' is used synonymously with freight hopping, which means riding on the outside of a freight train, while train surf... | Train surfing, also known as train hopping or train hitching, is the act of riding on the exterior of a moving train, tram, or other forms of rail transport. In many countries, the term "train hopping" is used synonymously with freight hopping, referring specifically to riding on the outside of a freight train, whereas... | Train surfing is an illicit activity and extreme sport in which a rider propels themselves along the flatbed of a moving train using the train's motion rather than an external power source. While historically practiced in various forms across Europe, Asia, and the Americas, the activity has largely declined in populari... |
2519520 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakaryaspor | Sakaryaspor | Sakaryaspor Kulübü Derneği is a Turkish professional football club, formed in 1965 after the merger of Adapazarı Gençlerbirliği, Adapazarı İdman Yurdu, Güneşspor and Ada Gençlik. The club is better known as Sakaryaspor. The football club is nicknamed the "Football Factory" by Turkish football scene because of the many ... | Sakaryaspor Kulübü Derneği is a Turkish professional football club formed in 1965 following the merger of Adapazarı Gençlerbirliği, Adapazarı İdman Yurdu, Güneşspor, and Ada Gençlik. Commonly known as Sakaryaspor, the club is nicknamed the "Football Factory" by the Turkish football community due to the high number of n... | Sakaryaspor, officially known as Sakarya Spor Kulübü, is a Turkish professional sports club based in Sapanca, Kocaeli province, though historically associated with the Sakarya region. The club's football section plays in the Süper Lig, the top tier of the Turkish football league system, and is one of the most successfu... |
69124551 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20people%20from%20Key%20West%2C%20Florida | List of people from Key West, Florida | Vic Albury (1947–2017), Major League Baseball pitcher
Bronson Arroyo (born 1977), MLB baseball player
John James Audubon (1785–1851), naturalist, painter, ornithologist
Elizabeth Bishop (1911–1979), poet, short-story writer
Jimmy Buffett (1946–2023), singer-songwriter, musician, author, actor, businessman
Truman C... | Vic Albury (1947–2017) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher. Bronson Arroyo, born in 1977, is an American professional baseball player who has played in Major League Baseball (MLB). John James Audubon (1785–1851) was an American naturalist, ornithologist, and painter renowned for his detailed illustrations of ... | The list of people from Key West, Florida, is a compilation of notable individuals born, raised, or associated with the city of Key West on the Florida Keys. While Key West is not a state, the category includes prominent figures in various fields such as entertainment, sports, politics, and business who have maintained... |
1151012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wesley%20Heights | Wesley Heights | Wesley Heights is a small affluent neighborhood of Washington, D.C. situated south of Spring Valley. Wesley Heights was founded in 1890 by a land speculation group led by John Waggaman and funded primarily by Charles C. Glover; Wesley Heights was further developed by the brothers William C. and Allison N. Miller during... | Wesley Heights is a small affluent neighborhood in Washington, D.C., located south of Spring Valley. Founded in 1890 by a land speculation group led by John Waggaman and funded primarily by Charles C. Glover, the area was further developed by the brothers William C. and Allison N. Miller during the 1920s. Modern-day We... | Wesley Heights is a residential neighborhood located in the southern part of the West End borough of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, situated within the city's grid system at the intersection of the Benjamin Franklin Parkway and South Street. Bounded by the Delaware River to the west, the Benjamin Franklin Parkway to the n... |
15164283 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongheo | Gyeongheo | Kyong Ho Seonsa (Korean: 경허선사, Hanja: 鏡虛禪師, 1849–1912) was a famous Korea Sŏn master, and the 75th Patriarch of Korean Sŏn. His original name was Song Tonguk (송동욱, 宋東旭); and his dharma name was Sŏng’u (성우, 惺牛). He is known as the reviver of modern Korean Sŏn Buddhism. Song Tonguk was born in southern Korea (Chŏnju, Chŏ... | Kyŏnghŏ Sŏnsa (Korean: 경허선사; Hanja: 鏡虛禪師; 1849–1912) was a prominent Korean Sŏn master and the 75th Patriarch of Korean Sŏn. Born Song Tonguk (송동욱; 宋東旭), he adopted the dharma name Sŏng'ŭ (성우; 惺牛). Regarded as the reviver of modern Korean Sŏn Buddhism, he entered the sangha at the age of nine in 1857 in Chŏnju, Chŏlla ... | Gyeongheo (Korean: 경효) was an ancient Korean dynasty established by the founder Gwanghwa in 300 BCE and succeeded by his son Dongguk in 290 BCE. Located in the region that is now part of the Gyeonggi Province and Seoul, Korea, the kingdom served as a successor state to the Three Kingdoms period, functioning as a tribut... |
2520434 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beneficial%20organism | Beneficial organism | In agriculture and gardening, a beneficial organism is any organism that benefits the growing process, including insects, arachnids, other animals, plants, bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes. Benefits include pest control, pollination, and maintenance of soil health. The opposite of beneficial organisms are pests,... | In agriculture and gardening, a beneficial organism refers to any entity that contributes to the growing process, including insects, arachnids, animals, plants, bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes. The primary benefits provided by these organisms include pest control, pollination, and the maintenance of soil health... | A beneficial organism, also known as a beneficial microbe, is a type of microorganism that provides a net positive effect on its environment or the host with which it interacts. Unlike pathogenic bacteria that cause disease, these organisms typically function as mutualistic symbionts within the human microbiome or as s... |
29405536 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricardia | Tricardia | Tricardia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the borage family containing the single species Tricardia watsonii, which is known by the common name threehearts. It is native to the southwestern United States, where it grows in deserts and mountains in sandy open habitat, often beneath shrubs. It is a perennial ... | Tricardia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the borage family, comprising the single species *Tricardia watsonii*, commonly known as threehearts. Native to the southwestern United States, the plant occurs in desert and mountainous regions within sandy open habitats, typically growing beneath shrubs. As a pere... | Tricardia is a congenital anomaly characterized by the presence of three ventricles in the heart, representing a rare and complex form of congenital heart disease resulting from the incomplete partitioning of the heart's right ventricle. While typically classified under the broader spectrum of ventricular septal defect... |
52382361 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First%20Church%2C%20Sandwich%20Massachusetts | First Church, Sandwich Massachusetts | First Church UCC (or "First Church," or "First Church Sandwich," or "First Church of Christ") is a Congregational church in Sandwich, Massachusetts founded in 1638 under Plymouth Colony Charter and the Mayflower Compact. It is either the oldest church on Cape Cod or the second oldest depending on the interpretation. ... | First Church UCC (also known as First Church, First Church Sandwich, or First Church of Christ) is a Congregational church in Sandwich, Massachusetts, founded in 1638 under the Plymouth Colony Charter and the Mayflower Compact. It is either the oldest church on Cape Cod or the second oldest, depending on the interpreta... | First Church in Sandwich, Massachusetts, is a historic Congregational church located in the town of Sandwich on Cape Cod. Established in 1645, it stands as the oldest surviving church building in the town and the third-oldest in the United States, making it a significant landmark in the region's colonial history. The s... |
12818974 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jessie%20James%20Grelle | Jessie James Grelle | Jessie James Grelle (, ; born Joshua Grelle; November 2, 1985) is an American voice actor and ADR script writer in English language dubs of Japanese anime. They are known for voicing numerous main characters in the harem genre. Major roles include Armin Arlert in Attack on Titan, Itsuki Takeuchi in Initial D, Fumikage ... | Jessie James Grelle (born Joshua Grelle on November 2, 1985) is an American voice actor and ADR scriptwriter for English language dubs of Japanese anime. Grelle is known for voicing numerous main characters in the harem genre. Major roles include Armin Arlert in *Attack on Titan*, Itsuki Takeuchi in *Initial D*, Fumika... | Jessie James Grelle (born Jessie James Grewell; May 3, 1914 – May 7, 1987) was an American actress, best known for her role as "The Girl in the Red Dress" in the 1931 film *The Wizard of Oz*. Born in New York City to a family of Irish and German descent, she began her career in silent films before transitioning to talk... |
27191374 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vindel%20River | Vindel River | The Vindel River (Swedish: Vindelälven) is a river in northern Sweden. It is a tributary to Ume River and the biggest tributary river in Sweden. It lends its name to the Vindelfjällens Nature Reserve, one of the largest protected areas in Europe, totaling 562,772 ha (approx. 5,628 km2). Since it is partially located wi... | The Vindel River (Swedish: Vindelälven) is a river in northern Sweden, serving as the largest tributary to the Ume River and the biggest tributary river in Sweden. The river lends its name to the Vindelfjällens Nature Reserve, one of Europe's largest protected areas, which totals 562,772 hectares (approximately 5,628 s... | The Vindel River (German: *Vindel*) is a river in southern Germany, flowing through the Bavarian Forest and the Swabian Jura mountain ranges before emptying into Lake Constance. It serves as a primary waterway in the region, originating in the Allgäu district and traversing key municipalities including Bregenz, which l... |
24263753 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A.%20J.%20Langguth | A. J. Langguth | Arthur John Langguth (July 11, 1933 – September 1, 2014) was an American author, journalist and educator, born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He was professor of the Annenberg School for Communications School of Journalism at the University of Southern California. Langguth was the author of several dark, satirical novels, ... | Arthur John Langguth (July 11, 1933 – September 1, 2014) was an American author, journalist, and educator born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He served as a professor at the Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism at the University of Southern California. Langguth authored several dark, satirical novels, a biogra... | Alan J. Langguth (born 1947) is an American journalist and author best known for his 1992 biography *The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich*, which challenged the prevailing historical consensus regarding the Wehrmacht's conduct in World War II. As the founder and former executive editor of the controversial right-leanin... |
17688842 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chahar%20Bagh | Chahar Bagh | Chahar Bagh () may refer to:
Charbagh, a type of Persian garden
Chaharbagh District, a district in Alborz Province, Iran
Chaharbagh, a city in Chaharbagh District, Iran
Chahar Bagh, Golestan, a village in Gorgan County, Golestan Province, Iran
Chaharbagh, Isfahan, an avenue in Isfahan, Iran
Chahar Bagh School, a ... | Chahar Bagh may refer to the following: Charbagh, a type of Persian garden; Chaharbagh District, a district in Alborz Province, Iran; Chaharbagh, a city in Chaharbagh District, Iran; Chahar Bagh, Golestan, a village in Gorgan County, Golestan Province, Iran; Chahar Bagh, Isfahan, an avenue in Isfahan, Iran; Chahar Bagh... | Chahar Bagh (Persian: چهارباغ; "Four Gardens") is a city and the capital of the Kermanshah province in western Iran, situated at the confluence of the Karun and the Dez rivers near the border with Iraq. As of the 2016 census, the city had a population of approximately 115,000, with the metropolitan area reaching nearly... |
1532436 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aetherius%20Society | Aetherius Society | The Aetherius Society is a new religious movement founded by George King in the mid-1950s as the result of what King claimed were contacts with extraterrestrial intelligences, to whom he referred as "Cosmic Masters". The main goal of the believer is to cooperate with these Cosmic Masters to help humanity solve its curr... | The Aetherius Society is a new religious movement founded by George King in the mid-1950s, which emerged from his reported contacts with extraterrestrial intelligences to whom he referred as the "Cosmic Masters." The movement's primary objective is for believers to cooperate with these Cosmic Masters to assist humanity... | The Aetherius Society was a New Age spiritual organization based in Los Angeles, California, founded in 1973 by Joseph T. Smith, the son of the late American spiritual leader Hyrum Smith. The group centered on the belief in the "Aetherius" or "Spirit World," a dimension where deceased individuals reside and communicate... |
18377055 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobiconodon | Gobiconodon | Gobiconodon is an extinct genus of carnivorous mammals (or possibly non-mammalian mammaliaforms) belonging to the family Gobiconodontidae. Undisputed records of Gobiconodon are restricted to the Early Cretaceous of Asia and North America, but isolated teeth attributed to the genus have also been described from formatio... | Gobiconodon is an extinct genus of carnivorous mammals, or possibly non-mammalian mammaliaforms, belonging to the family Gobiconodontidae. Undisputed records of the genus are restricted to the Early Cretaceous of Asia and North America, though isolated teeth attributed to Gobiconodon have also been described from forma... | Gobiconodon (pronounced /ˌɡoʊbɪˈkɒdən/, meaning "mouth tooth") is a genus of small, herbivorous ceratopsian dinosaur that lived during the Early Cretaceous period of North America. Known for its distinctive combination of a small, rounded frill and a prominent, toothless beak, the genus was first identified and named b... |
8813712 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL3 | CXCL3 | Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3 (CXCL3) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as GRO3 oncogene (GRO3), GRO protein gamma (GROg) and macrophage inflammatory protein-2-beta (MIP2b). CXCL3 controls migration and adhesion of monocytes and mediates its effects on its target cell by i... | Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3 (CXCL3) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family, also known as GRO3 oncogene (GRO3), GRO protein gamma (GROg), and macrophage inflammatory protein-2-beta (MIP2b). CXCL3 controls the migration and adhesion of monocytes and mediates its effects on target cells by interac... | Chemileukotrienin-3 (CXCL3) is a small, monomeric chemokine belonging to the CXC subfamily of the CXCL gene family, characterized by a conserved cysteine-rich structure and a net positive charge at physiological pH. As the third member of the CXCL subfamily, CXCL3 exists primarily in a biologically active, unglycosylat... |
3722187 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%20St%20Cyres | Newton St Cyres | Newton St Cyres (, like "sires") is a village, civil parish former manor and former ecclesiastical parish in Mid Devon, in the English county of Devon, located between Crediton and Exeter. It had a population of 562 at the 2011 Census. The village is part of the Newbrooke electoral ward. The ward population at the abo... | Newton St Cyres (pronounced like "sires") is a village, civil parish, former manor, and former ecclesiastical parish in the county of Devon, England, situated between Crediton and Exeter. It had a population of 562 at the 2011 Census. The village forms part of the Newbrooke electoral ward, which had a population of 1,5... | Newton St Cyres is a village and civil parish in the county of Somerset, England, situated approximately 12 miles (19 km) east of Taunton within the South West Region. Historically a principal settlement within the parish of Newton St Cyres, the village is notable for its location in the Mendip Hills and its status as ... |
31419830 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatomander | Hatomander | The was an electoral reform proposed in the 1950s by Japanese prime minister Ichirō Hatoyama and his third cabinet. His plan was to replace the SNTV multi-member constituencies for the House of Representatives (usually called chū-senkyo-ku, "medium electoral districts", in Japanese) entirely with First-past-the-post s... | The Hatoyama electoral reform was an electoral system proposed in the 1950s by Japanese prime minister Ichirō Hatoyama and his third cabinet. His plan was to replace the SNTV multi-member constituencies for the House of Representatives (commonly known as chū-senkyo-ku, or "medium electoral districts", in Japanese) enti... | No entity or topic named "Hatomander" exists within the current knowledge base, as it is not a recognized term in established encyclopedic sources, scientific literature, or major reference works. Consequently, a standard Wikipedia-style lead paragraph cannot be generated for this subject due to the lack of verifiable ... |
36249642 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Warren%20Gibson | David Warren Gibson | David Warren Gibson was born in Royal Oak, Michigan, the son of Sonja Würfel, a ballet dancer from Leipzig, Germany, and Samuel Warren Gibson, an American diplomat for the U.S. Embassy in Berlin and the Hague. He has one brother. His family moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota when he was 3 years old. David attended Westwoo... | David Warren Gibson was born in Royal Oak, Michigan, the son of Sonja Würfel, a ballet dancer from Leipzig, Germany, and Samuel Warren Gibson, an American diplomat who served with the U.S. Embassy in Berlin and The Hague. His family relocated to Minneapolis, Minnesota, when he was three years old. There, Gibson attende... | David Warren Gibson (born 1957) is a Canadian musician best known as the co-founder and guitarist of the alternative rock band R.E.M., having replaced Michael Stipe as the lead vocalist in 1987. A key figure in the indie rock and post-punk revival scenes, Gibson has written or co-written the majority of the band's lyri... |
66222507 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto%20Conference%20on%20the%20Changing%20Atmosphere | Toronto Conference on the Changing Atmosphere | At the Toronto Conference on the Changing Atmosphere: Implications for Global Security, hosted by Canada in Toronto, Ontario, starting on 27 to 30 June 1988, the 300 participants—including policy makers, international scientists, non-governmental and governmental organizations, and United Nations organizations—issued a... | At the Toronto Conference on the Changing Atmosphere: Implications for Global Security, hosted by Canada in Toronto, Ontario, from 27 to 30 June 1988, 300 participants—including policy makers, international scientists, non-governmental and governmental organizations, and United Nations organizations—issued a warning at... | The Toronto Conference on the Changing Atmosphere was a major international scientific conference held in Toronto, Canada, in October 1980, which marked a pivotal moment in the development of modern climate science. Convened to address rising global temperatures and the scientific debate surrounding anthropogenic clima... |
41114338 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiant%20heating%20and%20cooling | Radiant heating and cooling | Radiant heating and cooling is a category of HVAC technologies that exchange heat by both convection and radiation with the environments they are designed to heat or cool. There are many subcategories of radiant heating and cooling, including: "radiant ceiling panels", "embedded surface systems", "thermally active buil... | Radiant heating and cooling is a category of HVAC technologies that exchange heat with their environments through both convection and radiation. This category includes subcategories such as radiant ceiling panels, embedded surface systems, thermally active building systems, and infrared heaters. According to some defin... | Radiant heating and cooling is a method of temperature control in which thermal energy is emitted directly from a source as electromagnetic waves, typically within the infrared spectrum, to warm or cool objects within a space. Unlike convection-based systems that rely on air circulation to transfer heat, radiant system... |
49653607 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dona%20Nelson | Dona Nelson | Dona Nelson (born 1947) is an American painter, best known for immersive, gestural, primarily abstract works employing unorthodox materials, processes and formats to disrupt conventional notions of painting and viewership. A 2014 New Yorker review observed, "Nelson gives notice that she will do anything, short of burni... | Dona Nelson (born 1947) is an American painter best known for immersive, gestural, and primarily abstract works that employ unorthodox materials, processes, and formats to challenge conventional notions of painting and viewing. In a 2014 *New Yorker* review, Nelson was described as taking notice that she would do anyth... | Dona Nelson (1897–1992) was a pioneering American physician, researcher, and advocate for women's health who established the first dedicated clinic for female patients in the United States in 1915. Recognized for her early contributions to the field of women's medicine, she served as the inaugural president of the Amer... |
71187615 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20Green%20%28executioner%29 | Alexander Green (executioner) | Alexander Green (–1879) was an Australian executioner. He arrived in the colony of New South Wales in 1824 as a convict and was granted a Certificate of Freedom in 1831. During the period 1826 to late 1833 Green was employed as a flagellator, or scourger, at Sydney, Port Stephens and the Hunter Valley, inflicting flo... | Alexander Green (–1879) was an Australian executioner who arrived in the colony of New South Wales in 1824 as a convict and was granted a Certificate of Freedom in 1831. Between 1826 and late 1833, Green worked as a flagellator or scourger at Sydney, Port Stephens, and the Hunter Valley, inflicting floggings on prisone... | Alexander Green (c. 1790–1864) was a Scottish executioner who served in the late 19th century, gaining notoriety for his involvement in the execution of several high-profile individuals, including the executioner of the infamous "Cannibal of the Clyde," Thomas Brown, in 1864. A member of the professional class of execu... |
61937816 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20mustelids | List of mustelids | Mustelidae is a family of mammals in the order Carnivora, which includes weasels, badgers, otters, ferrets, martens, minks, and wolverines, and many other extant and extinct genera. A member of this family is called a mustelid; Mustelidae is the largest family in Carnivora, and its extant species are divided into eight... | Mustelidae is a family of mammals within the order Carnivora that includes weasels, badgers, otters, ferrets, martens, minks, and wolverines, as well as many other extant and extinct genera. Members of this family are termed mustelids, and it represents the largest family within Carnivora, with its extant species divid... | The list of mustelids is a comprehensive compilation of species belonging to the biological family Mustelidae, which comprises over 64 extant species of carnivorans commonly known as weasels, badgers, otters, and martens. Members of this family are characterized by their generally slender bodies, short legs, elongated ... |
43442867 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolyn%20Steedman | Carolyn Steedman | Carolyn Kay Steedman, FBA (born 20 March 1947) is a British historian, specialising in the social and cultural history of modern Britain and exploring labour, gender, class, language and childhood. Since 2013, she has been Emeritus Professor of History at University of Warwick, where she had previously been a Professor... | Carolyn Kay Steedman, FBA (born 20 March 1947) is a British historian who specialises in the social and cultural history of modern Britain, with a focus on labour, gender, class, language, and childhood. She has served as Emeritus Professor of History at the University of Warwick since 2013, having previously held the ... | Carolyn Steedman (born 1956) is an Australian-Australian writer, educator, and activist, best known for her memoir *My Life in the Family* and her influential collection of essays *The Autobiography of a Tourist*. A prominent figure in Australian cultural history, Steedman gained significant recognition as the first wo... |
148592 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Borodino | Battle of Borodino | The Battle of Borodino () took place near the village of Borodino on during Napoleon's invasion of Russia. The won the battle against the Imperial Russian Army, but failed to gain a decisive victory and suffered tremendous losses. Napoleon fought against General Mikhail Kutuzov, whom the Emperor Alexander I of Russia... | The Battle of Borodino took place near the village of Borodino on 26 September 1812 during Napoleon's invasion of Russia. The French forces won the battle against the Imperial Russian Army, but failed to secure a decisive victory and instead suffered tremendous losses. Napoleon fought against General Mikhail Kutuzov, w... | The Battle of Borodino, fought on September 7, 1812, between Napoleon's Grande Armée and the Russian Empire under Field Marshal Mikhail Kutuzov, was the decisive engagement of the Napoleonic Wars in Europe and marked the first major pitched battle of the Russian campaign of 1812. Although the French forces achieved a t... |
27201574 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A9chenyi%20Square | Széchenyi Square | Széchenyi Square () is the main square in the historical centre of Pécs, Hungary. In the Middle Ages it served as the market place of the town with the city hall and the parish church. Before being named after Széchenyi in 1864, it had had several other names including , , and . The square is one of the central squares... | Széchenyi Square is the main square in the historical centre of Pécs, Hungary. During the Middle Ages, it served as the town's market place, situated between the city hall and the parish church. Before being renamed after István Széchenyi in 1864, the square bore several other names. The square is one of Pécs's central... | Széchenyi Square (Hungarian: Széchényi tér) is a major public square located in Budapest, Hungary, situated directly opposite the Parliament Building and serving as the city's central gathering point. The square is named after the Hungarian statesman and industrialist József Eötvös József Széchenyi, whose statue stands... |
32412198 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1931%E2%80%9332%20Panhellenic%20Championship | 1931–32 Panhellenic Championship | The 1931–32 Panhellenic Championship was the fourth season of the highest football league of Greece. Aris won their 2nd championship. On the other hand, AEK Athens, Olympiacos and PAOK qualified for the relegation play-offs for the Athenian, Piraeus' and Macedonian Association, respectively. AEK and Olympiacos prevaile... | The 1931–32 Panhellenic Championship was the fourth season of the highest football league in Greece, in which Aris won their second title. AEK Athens, Olympiacos, and PAOK qualified for relegation play-offs involving the Athenian, Piraeus, and Macedonian associations, respectively; AEK Athens and Olympiacos prevailed i... | The 1931–32 Panhellenic Championship was a football competition contested by the top-tier clubs of Greece, serving as the country's national championship for that season. The tournament was organized by the Hellenic Football Federation and comprised a round-robin league format involving ten teams, with the competition ... |
339722 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.%20Bank%20Tower%20%28Los%20Angeles%29 | U.S. Bank Tower (Los Angeles) | U.S. Bank Tower, known locally as the Library Tower and formerly as the First Interstate Bank World Center, is a skyscraper in downtown Los Angeles, California. It is, by structural height, the third-tallest building in California, the second-tallest building in Los Angeles, the 24th-tallest in the United States, the... | U.S. Bank Tower, known locally as the Library Tower and formerly as the First Interstate Bank World Center, is a skyscraper in downtown Los Angeles, California. By structural height, it is the third-tallest building in California, the second-tallest in Los Angeles, the 24th-tallest in the United States, the third-talle... | The U.S. Bank Tower, also known as the 8 World Trade Center or simply 8 World, is a 62-story, 770-foot (235 m) office tower located in Downtown Los Angeles, California. Completed in 1996, it stands as the tallest building in the city, though it is shorter than the original World Trade Center in New York City; however, ... |
19410831 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Council%20for%20Human%20Rights | National Council for Human Rights | The National Council for Human Rights (NCHR) is an Egyptian human rights organization established in 2003 with a mission of promoting and maintaining human rights in Egypt. The NCHR publishes annual reports concerning the current status of human rights within the country. Former UN Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Gha... | The National Council for Human Rights (NCHR) is an Egyptian human rights organization established in 2003 with a mission of promoting and safeguarding human rights within the country. The NCHR publishes annual reports detailing the current status of human rights in Egypt. Former United Nations Secretary-General Boutros... | The National Council for Human Rights (NCHR) is a human rights organization based in Nigeria, established in 1994 to promote and protect human rights within the country. It serves as an independent, non-governmental organization (NGO) that advocates for the rule of law, political reform, and the advancement of civil li... |
10803239 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20EastEnders%20characters%20%281985%29 | List of EastEnders characters (1985) | The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera EastEnders in 1985, by order of first appearance. They were all introduced by executive producer Julia Smith. The first episode of EastEnders was broadcast on 19 February 1985, and twenty-three main characters were already created for their... | The following is a list of characters who first appeared in the BBC soap opera *EastEnders* in 1985, ordered by their initial appearance. All were introduced by executive producer Julia Smith. The first episode of *EastEnders* was broadcast on 19 February 1985, by which time twenty-three main characters had already bee... | The "List of EastEnders characters (1985)" is a comprehensive catalog of fictional individuals who appeared in the British soap opera *EastEnders* during its inaugural 16-month run, which aired from 1985 to 1986. This specific list comprises characters introduced in the series' first season, including iconic figures su... |
37038369 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity%20in%20Mizoram | Christianity in Mizoram | Christianity is the largest religion in Mizoram. The majority 87% of Mizoram population are Christian in various denominations, predominantly Presbyterian. More than 98% of the Mizos are Christians by faith. The Government of Mizoram declared that Christianity plays a very important role among the daily life of Mizo co... | Christianity is the predominant religion in Mizoram, with approximately 87% of the state's population adhering to various Christian denominations, predominantly Presbyterian. More than 98% of the Mizo ethnic group identify as Christian by faith. The Government of Mizoram declared that Christianity plays a very importan... | Christianity in Mizoram is a major religious tradition comprising approximately 92% of the state's population, having grown from a minority faith to the dominant religion following the mid-20th-century missionary efforts of the Baptist Missionary Society and the Presbyterian Church in India. The faith is primarily prac... |
5520588 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lepidotes | Lepidotes | Lepidotes (from , 'covered with scales') (previously known as Lepidotus) is an extinct genus of Mesozoic ray-finned fish. It has long been considered a wastebasket taxon, characterised by "general features, such as thick rhomboid scales and, for most of the species, by semi-tritorial or strongly with dozens of specie... | *Lepidotes* (from *lepis*, 'scale') is an extinct genus of Mesozoic ray-finned fish previously known as *Lepidotus*. It has long been considered a wastebasket taxon characterized by general features such as thick rhomboid scales and, for most species, semi-tritorial scales; dozens of species were assigned to it. Fossil... | Lepidotes (Lepidotes) is a monotypic genus of extinct aquatic turtles from the Jurassic period, known for its elongated, streamlined body shape and unique skeletal adaptations that suggest a semi-aquatic or fully aquatic lifestyle. The genus contains a single valid species, *Lepidotes tesselatus*, which lived during th... |
518965 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artistic%20freedom | Artistic freedom | Artistic freedom (or freedom of artistic expression) can be defined as "the freedom to imagine, create and distribute diverse cultural expressions free of governmental censorship, political interference or the pressures of non-state actors." Generally, artistic freedom describes the extent of independence artists obtai... | Artistic freedom (or freedom of artistic expression) is defined as "the freedom to imagine, create, and distribute diverse cultural expressions free of governmental censorship, political interference, or the pressures of non-state actors." Generally, artistic freedom refers to the extent of independence that artists ob... | Artistic freedom is the concept of the ability of artists and creative practitioners to create work without interference from external authorities, commercial pressures, or social conformity, encompassing rights to choose subject matter, style, technique, and distribution. As a fundamental principle in many democratic ... |
3744098 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannah%20Montana | Hannah Montana | Hannah Montana (titled Hannah Montana Forever for the fourth and final season) is an American teen sitcom created by Michael Poryes, Rich Correll and Barry O'Brien that aired on Disney Channel for four seasons between March2006 and January2011. The series centers on Miley Stewart (Miley Cyrus), a teenage girl living a ... | Hannah Montana (titled Hannah Montana Forever for the fourth and final season) is an American teen sitcom created by Michael Poryes, Rich Correll, and Barry O'Brien that aired on the Disney Channel for four seasons between March 2006 and January 2011. The series centers on Miley Stewart (Miley Cyrus), a teenage girl li... | *Hannah Montana* is an American television sitcom created by Michelle Ashford and Rebecca Black, which aired from January 23, 2006, to May 15, 2011, on Disney Channel. The series stars Miley Cyrus as the titular character, a middle school girl who leads a double life as a successful pop star named Hannah Montana. The s... |
6984327 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teenage%20rebellion | Teenage rebellion | Teenage rebellion is a part of social development in adolescents in order for them to develop an identity independent from their parents or family and a capacity for independent decision-making. They may experiment with different roles, behaviors, and ideologies as part of this process of developing an identity. Teenag... | Teenage rebellion is a component of adolescent social development that facilitates the acquisition of an identity independent from parents or family and the capacity for independent decision-making. Through the experimentation with various roles, behaviors, and ideologies, adolescents engage in this process of identity... | Teenage rebellion is a social phenomenon characterized by the expression of resistance or defiance by adolescents against societal norms, parental authority, and established conventions, often manifesting through changes in fashion, language, music, and behavior. This period of development is frequently driven by the p... |
23600248 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Joseph%27s%20College%20of%20Engineering%20and%20Technology%2C%20Palai | St. Joseph's College of Engineering and Technology, Palai | St. Joseph's College of Engineering and Technology, Palai (also referred to as SJCET Palai) is an Indian private college managed by the Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Pala, located in Pala, Kerala, India. It is an AICTE-approved college offering professional degree programs in engineering and management courses. SJCE... | St. Joseph's College of Engineering and Technology, Palai (also referred to as SJCET Palai) is a private engineering and management institution in Pala, Kerala, India, managed by the Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Pala. The college is approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) and offers profes... | St. Joseph's College of Engineering and Technology (SJCOET) is a private engineering college located in Palai, Kerala, India, affiliated with the Kerala State Council of Technical Education (K-SCTE) and approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE). Established in 2016, the institution offers underg... |
11670402 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Marketplace%20at%20Steamtown | The Marketplace at Steamtown | The Marketplace at Steamtown (formerly The Mall at Steamtown) is a shopping mall in Scranton, Pennsylvania. United States. It was conceived in the mid-1980s as the keystone of downtown revitalization, though the project was not completed until 1993. Its opening in 1993 was nationally televised on CNN and attended by th... | The Marketplace at Steamtown, formerly known as The Mall at Steamtown, is a shopping mall located in Scranton, Pennsylvania, United States. Conceived in the mid-1980s as the centerpiece of downtown revitalization efforts, the project was not completed until 1993. Its opening that year was broadcast nationally on CNN an... | The Marketplace at Steamtown is a mixed-use commercial and cultural complex located in Scranton, Pennsylvania, adjacent to the historic Steamtown National Historical Park. Established in 2009 on the grounds of the former Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad (DL&W) roundhouse, the facility operates as a shopping ce... |
35489551 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple%20Inc.%20v.%20Samsung%20Electronics%20Co. | Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co. | Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. was the first of a series of ongoing lawsuits between Apple Inc. and Samsung Electronics regarding the design of smartphones and tablet computers; between them, the companies made more than half of smartphones sold worldwide as of July 2012. In the spring of 2011, Apple began... | *Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.* was the first of a series of ongoing legal actions between Apple Inc. and Samsung Electronics regarding the design of smartphones and tablet computers; together, the two companies accounted for more than half of all smartphones sold worldwide as of July 2012. In the spring ... | Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co. is a series of United States federal district court cases and appeals filed between 2011 and 2013 in which the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) found that the design of the Samsung Galaxy S III was substantially similar to the design of the Apple iPhone 4, leading to a p... |
52814978 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old%20Chapel%20Hall | Old Chapel Hall | Old Chapel Hall, also known as Alumni Hall, is a historic building located on the campus of the University of Dubuque in Dubuque, Iowa, United States. The school started as a German Presbyterian Seminary in 1852. A period of expansion between 1904 and
1922 saw the institution become a liberal arts college called the ... | Old Chapel Hall, also known as Alumni Hall, is a historic structure located on the campus of the University of Dubuque in Dubuque, Iowa, United States. The institution began as a German Presbyterian Seminary in 1852, and a period of expansion between 1904 and 1922 transformed it into a liberal arts college called the D... | Old Chapel Hall is a historic building located in the city of Cleveland, Ohio, which was constructed between 1894 and 1895 as the headquarters of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. Designed in the Beaux-Arts architectural style by architect William Boyden, the structure features a prominent stone facade, a central cloc... |
52785149 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wratislaus%20of%20Brno | Wratislaus of Brno | Wratislaus of Brno (, , ; died August/September 1156) was the Duke of Moravia from 1125 to 1129 and from 1130 to 1156. He was the first son and successor of Ulrich I, Duke of Brno (died 1092) and an unknown princess (probably of Slavic origin). He did not succeed as half monarch of Moravia (diarch), for all half of Mor... | Wratislaus of Brno (died August or September 1156) served as Duke of Moravia from 1125 to 1129 and again from 1130 to 1156. As the eldest son and successor of Ulrich I, Duke of Brno (died 1092), and an unknown princess of probable Slavic origin, he did not rule as the half-monoarch of Moravia that his father had held; ... | Wratislaus of Brno (Latin: *Vratislavus Bruniensis*; c. 1240 – 13 April 1294), also known as Wratislaus II, was a Polish duke and a member of the Piast dynasty who ruled the Duchy of Brzeg between 1267 and 1273 and the Duchy of Wrocław from 1273 until his death. As the son of Duke Henry the Pious of Silesia and daughte... |
65593535 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dactyliocerassandstein%20Formation | Dactyliocerassandstein Formation | The Dactyliocerassandstein Formation (also known as Epsilonkalksandstein Formation) is a Lower Jurassic (Lower Toarcian) geologic formation primarily located in Bavaria, Germany. The Formation appears on places like Bruck in der Oberpfalz, the north-east of the Banz Abbey, Wittelshofen, Regensburg and Bodenwöhr. In the... | The Dactyliocerassandstein Formation (also known as the Epsilonkalksandstein Formation) is a Lower Jurassic (Lower Toarcian) geologic formation primarily located in Bavaria, Germany. It appears in areas including Bruck in der Oberpfalz, the northeast of the Banz Abbey, Wittelshofen, Regensburg, and Bodenwöhr. In the as... | The Dactyliocerassandstein Formation is a geologic formation in the Czech Republic and Germany, dating to the Early Jurassic (Aalenian stage) and characterized by its calcareous sandstone lithology and fossil content, including numerous specimens of the genus *Dactylioceras*. The unit is primarily exposed in the Bohemi... |
71773802 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20homicides%20in%20California | List of homicides in California | This is a list of notable homicides in California. This list includes notable homicides committed in the U.S. state of California that have a Wikipedia article on the killing, the killer, or the victim. It is divided into four subject areas as follows:
Multiple homicides – homicides having multiple victims, including ... | This is a list of notable homicides in California. It comprises notable cases committed within the U.S. state of California that have dedicated Wikipedia articles concerning the killing, the perpetrator, or the victim, categorized into four subject areas: multiple homicides, serial killings, single homicides, and biase... | The list of homicides in California is a comprehensive record of intentional killings that have occurred within the state of California, United States. Due to the state's large geographic area and diverse population, the frequency and geographic distribution of these incidents vary significantly across different counti... |
15353213 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3803%20KM | 3803 KM | 3803 KM is the designation of a free-standing lattice tower used for broadcasting purposes, which was built in over 80 towns of former Soviet Union from 1955 to 1972 and used for FM- and TV-broadcasting. Towers of this type, which was developed by the Soviet Institute for Steel Construction, are 4-side freestanding tru... | 3803 KM is the designation of a free-standing lattice tower used for broadcasting purposes, constructed between 1955 and 1972 across more than 80 towns in the former Soviet Union primarily for FM and television broadcasting. Developed by the Soviet Institute for Steel Construction, these towers consist of four-sided fr... | 3803 KM is a main-belt asteroid located in the outer region of the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, with an orbital period of approximately 4.38 years. Discovered on April 14, 1915, by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in Germany, the asteroid has a diameter estimated to be between 62 and 78 ki... |
18540077 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20%26%20White%20%28book%29 | Black & White (book) | Black & White is a non-fiction book written by Shiva Naipaul and published by Hamish Hamilton in the U.K. in 1980. It was published with the title Journey to Nowhere: A New World Tragedy in the U.S. The book is based on Naipaul's trip to Guyana in the aftermath of the Jonestown Massacre, and his subsequent trip to the ... | Black & White is a non-fiction book written by Shiva Naipaul and published by Hamish Hamilton in the United Kingdom in 1980. It was released in the United States under the title *Journey to Nowhere: A New World Tragedy in the U.S.*. The work is based on Naipaul's travels to Guyana following the Jonestown Massacre and h... | *Black & White* is a 2020 graphic novel written and illustrated by Chris Ware, published by Fantagraphics Books, which chronicles the life of a fictional character named "The Man" as he navigates various roles in the entertainment industry during the mid-to-late 20th century. The work is renowned for its complex narrat... |
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Fake Wikipedia
A synthetic and semi-synthetic dataset designed for studying hallucinations, omissions, and factual inconsistencies in language models.
This dataset contains 10000 paragraphs derived from the agentlans/wikipedia-first-paragraph dataset, filtered for lengths between 1000 and 8000 characters.
Using Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B, two distinct text variants were generated for each entry based solely on the article title:
- Fully Synthetic (
fake): A completely hallucinated/made-up Wikipedia introduction generated entirely by the model. - Semi-Synthetic (
edited): A stylistic rewrite of the original Wikipedia paragraph adapted to match the model's synthetic writing style.
📂 Data Fields
| Column | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
id |
string |
Unique Wikipedia page identifier. |
url |
string |
Direct link to the source Wikipedia article. |
title |
string |
Title of the Wikipedia article. |
text |
string |
The original, unaltered first paragraph from Wikipedia. |
edited |
string |
The rewritten version of the original text matching the synthetic style. |
fake |
string |
A completely fabricated Wikipedia-style paragraph generated by the model. |
💡 Example Row
{
"id": "12519725",
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esp%C3%ADritu%20Santo%20antelope%20squirrel",
"title": "Espíritu Santo antelope squirrel",
"text": "The Espíritu Santo antelope squirrel (Ammospermophilus insularis) is a species of antelope squirrel in the family Sciuridae...",
"edited": "The Espíritu Santo antelope squirrel (*Ammospermophilus insularis*) is a species of squirrel in the family Sciuridae...",
"fake": "The Espíritu Santo antelope squirrel (*Sciurus granatensis*) is a species of rodent belonging to the genus *Sciurus*..."
}
⚠️ Limitations & Biases
- Content Divergence: The original (
text) and fully synthetic (fake) paragraphs are not directly parallel in content or level of detail. - Source Quality: Wikipedia lead paragraphs vary significantly in writing style, formatting, and structural quality.
- Topic Bias: The underlying source data inherits natural Wikipedia biases regarding which subjects have extensive, detailed lead paragraphs.
- Realistic Fakes: This dataset is for studying misinformation and hallucinations, not propagating them.
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
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