| --- |
| annotations_creators: |
| - crowdsourced |
| language_creators: |
| - found |
| language: |
| - ar |
| - da |
| - de |
| - en |
| - es |
| - fi |
| - fr |
| - he |
| - hu |
| - it |
| - ja |
| - km |
| - ko |
| - ms |
| - nl |
| - 'no' |
| - pl |
| - pt |
| - ru |
| - sv |
| - th |
| - tr |
| - vi |
| - zh |
| license: |
| - cc-by-3.0 |
| multilinguality: |
| - multilingual |
| - translation |
| size_categories: |
| - 10K<n<100K |
| source_datasets: |
| - extended|natural_questions |
| - original |
| task_categories: |
| - question-answering |
| task_ids: |
| - open-domain-qa |
| paperswithcode_id: mkqa |
| pretty_name: Multilingual Knowledge Questions and Answers |
| dataset_info: |
| features: |
| - name: example_id |
| dtype: string |
| - name: queries |
| struct: |
| - name: ar |
| dtype: string |
| - name: da |
| dtype: string |
| - name: de |
| dtype: string |
| - name: en |
| dtype: string |
| - name: es |
| dtype: string |
| - name: fi |
| dtype: string |
| - name: fr |
| dtype: string |
| - name: he |
| dtype: string |
| - name: hu |
| dtype: string |
| - name: it |
| dtype: string |
| - name: ja |
| dtype: string |
| - name: ko |
| dtype: string |
| - name: km |
| dtype: string |
| - name: ms |
| dtype: string |
| - name: nl |
| dtype: string |
| - name: 'no' |
| dtype: string |
| - name: pl |
| dtype: string |
| - name: pt |
| dtype: string |
| - name: ru |
| dtype: string |
| - name: sv |
| dtype: string |
| - name: th |
| dtype: string |
| - name: tr |
| dtype: string |
| - name: vi |
| dtype: string |
| - name: zh_cn |
| dtype: string |
| - name: zh_hk |
| dtype: string |
| - name: zh_tw |
| dtype: string |
| - name: query |
| dtype: string |
| - name: answers |
| struct: |
| - name: ar |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: da |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: de |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: en |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: es |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: fi |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: fr |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: he |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: hu |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: it |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: ja |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: ko |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: km |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: ms |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: nl |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: 'no' |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: pl |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: pt |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: ru |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: sv |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: th |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: tr |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: vi |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: zh_cn |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: zh_hk |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| - name: zh_tw |
| list: |
| - name: type |
| dtype: |
| class_label: |
| names: |
| '0': entity |
| '1': long_answer |
| '2': unanswerable |
| '3': date |
| '4': number |
| '5': number_with_unit |
| '6': short_phrase |
| '7': binary |
| - name: entity |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| - name: aliases |
| list: string |
| config_name: mkqa |
| splits: |
| - name: train |
| num_bytes: 36005650 |
| num_examples: 10000 |
| download_size: 11903948 |
| dataset_size: 36005650 |
| --- |
| |
| # Dataset Card for MKQA: Multilingual Knowledge Questions & Answers |
|
|
| ## Table of Contents |
| - [Dataset Description](#dataset-description) |
| - [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary) |
| - [Supported Tasks and Leaderboards](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards) |
| - [Languages](#languages) |
| - [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure) |
| - [Data Instances](#data-instances) |
| - [Data Fields](#data-fields) |
| - [Data Splits](#data-splits) |
| - [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation) |
| - [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale) |
| - [Source Data](#source-data) |
| - [Annotations](#annotations) |
| - [Personal and Sensitive Information](#personal-and-sensitive-information) |
| - [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data) |
| - [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset) |
| - [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases) |
| - [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations) |
| - [Additional Information](#additional-information) |
| - [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators) |
| - [Licensing Information](#licensing-information) |
| - [Citation Information](#citation-information) |
| - [Contributions](#contributions) |
|
|
| ## Dataset Description |
|
|
| - [**Homepage:**](https://github.com/apple/ml-mkqa/) |
| - [**Paper:**](https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.15207) |
|
|
| ### Dataset Summary |
|
|
| MKQA contains 10,000 queries sampled from the [Google Natural Questions dataset](https://github.com/google-research-datasets/natural-questions). |
|
|
| For each query we collect new passage-independent answers. |
| These queries and answers are then human translated into 25 Non-English languages. |
|
|
| ### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards |
|
|
| `question-answering` |
|
|
| ### Languages |
|
|
| | Language code | Language name | |
| |---------------|---------------| |
| | `ar` | `Arabic` | |
| | `da` | `Danish` | |
| | `de` | `German` | |
| | `en` | `English` | |
| | `es` | `Spanish` | |
| | `fi` | `Finnish` | |
| | `fr` | `French` | |
| | `he` | `Hebrew` | |
| | `hu` | `Hungarian` | |
| | `it` | `Italian` | |
| | `ja` | `Japanese` | |
| | `ko` | `Korean` | |
| | `km` | `Khmer` | |
| | `ms` | `Malay` | |
| | `nl` | `Dutch` | |
| | `no` | `Norwegian` | |
| | `pl` | `Polish` | |
| | `pt` | `Portuguese` | |
| | `ru` | `Russian` | |
| | `sv` | `Swedish` | |
| | `th` | `Thai` | |
| | `tr` | `Turkish` | |
| | `vi` | `Vietnamese` | |
| | `zh_cn` | `Chinese (Simplified)` | |
| | `zh_hk` | `Chinese (Hong kong)` | |
| | `zh_tw` | `Chinese (Traditional)` | |
|
|
| ## Dataset Structure |
|
|
| ### Data Instances |
|
|
| An example from the data set looks as follows: |
|
|
| ``` |
| { |
| 'example_id': 563260143484355911, |
| 'queries': { |
| 'en': "who sings i hear you knocking but you can't come in", |
| 'ru': "кто поет i hear you knocking but you can't come in", |
| 'ja': '「 I hear you knocking」は誰が歌っていますか', |
| 'zh_cn': "《i hear you knocking but you can't come in》是谁演唱的", |
| ... |
| }, |
| 'query': "who sings i hear you knocking but you can't come in", |
| 'answers': {'en': [{'type': 'entity', |
| 'entity': 'Q545186', |
| 'text': 'Dave Edmunds', |
| 'aliases': []}], |
| 'ru': [{'type': 'entity', |
| 'entity': 'Q545186', |
| 'text': 'Эдмундс, Дэйв', |
| 'aliases': ['Эдмундс', 'Дэйв Эдмундс', 'Эдмундс Дэйв', 'Dave Edmunds']}], |
| 'ja': [{'type': 'entity', |
| 'entity': 'Q545186', |
| 'text': 'デイヴ・エドモンズ', |
| 'aliases': ['デーブ・エドモンズ', 'デイブ・エドモンズ']}], |
| 'zh_cn': [{'type': 'entity', 'text': '戴维·埃德蒙兹 ', 'entity': 'Q545186'}], |
| ... |
| }, |
| } |
| |
| ``` |
|
|
| ### Data Fields |
|
|
| Each example in the dataset contains the unique Natural Questions `example_id`, the original English `query`, and then `queries` and `answers` in 26 languages. |
| Each answer is labelled with an answer type. The breakdown is: |
|
|
| | Answer Type | Occurrence | |
| |---------------|---------------| |
| | `entity` | `4221` | |
| | `long_answer` | `1815` | |
| | `unanswerable` | `1427` | |
| | `date` | `1174` | |
| | `number` | `485` | |
| | `number_with_unit` | `394` | |
| | `short_phrase` | `346` | |
| | `binary` | `138` | |
| |
| For each language, there can be more than one acceptable textual answer, in order to capture a variety of possible valid answers. |
|
|
| Detailed explanation of fields taken from [here](https://github.com/apple/ml-mkqa/#dataset) |
|
|
| when `entity` field is not available it is set to an empty string ''. |
| when `aliases` field is not available it is set to an empty list []. |
|
|
| ### Data Splits |
|
|
| - Train: 10000 |
|
|
| ## Dataset Creation |
|
|
| ### Curation Rationale |
|
|
| [More Information Needed] |
|
|
| ### Source Data |
|
|
| [Google Natural Questions dataset](https://github.com/google-research-datasets/natural-questions) |
|
|
| #### Initial Data Collection and Normalization |
|
|
| [More Information Needed] |
|
|
| #### Who are the source language producers? |
|
|
| [More Information Needed] |
|
|
| ### Annotations |
|
|
| #### Annotation process |
|
|
| [More Information Needed] |
|
|
| #### Who are the annotators? |
|
|
| [More Information Needed] |
|
|
| ### Personal and Sensitive Information |
|
|
| [More Information Needed] |
|
|
| ## Considerations for Using the Data |
|
|
| ### Social Impact of Dataset |
|
|
| [More Information Needed] |
|
|
| ### Discussion of Biases |
|
|
| [More Information Needed] |
|
|
| ### Other Known Limitations |
|
|
| [More Information Needed] |
|
|
| ## Additional Information |
|
|
| ### Dataset Curators |
|
|
| [More Information Needed] |
|
|
| ### Licensing Information |
|
|
| [CC BY-SA 3.0](https://github.com/apple/ml-mkqa#license) |
|
|
| ### Citation Information |
| ``` |
| @misc{mkqa, |
| title = {MKQA: A Linguistically Diverse Benchmark for Multilingual Open Domain Question Answering}, |
| author = {Shayne Longpre and Yi Lu and Joachim Daiber}, |
| year = {2020}, |
| URL = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.15207.pdf} |
| } |
| ``` |
|
|
| ### Contributions |
|
|
| Thanks to [@cceyda](https://github.com/cceyda) for adding this dataset. |
