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Computer arithmetic is the scientific field that deals with representation of numbers on computers and corresponding implementations of the arithmetic operations . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
It includes:
In the cases where the size of the representation of a number is fixed (fixed-point, floating-point and interval arithmetic), the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_arithmetic |
Computer art is art in which computers play a role in the production or display of the artwork. Such art can be an image, sound, animation, video , CD-ROM , DVD-ROM , video game , website , algorithm , performance or gallery installation. Many traditional disciplines are now integrating digital technologies and, as a r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_art |
A computer bureau is a service bureau providing computer services.
Computer bureaus developed during the early 1960s, following the development of time-sharing operating systems. These allowed the services of a single large and expensive mainframe computer to be divided up and sold as a fungible commodity. Development... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_bureau |
In communications or computer systems , a configuration of a system refers to the arrangement of each of its functional units, according to their nature, number and chief characteristics. Often, configuration pertains to the choice of hardware, software, firmware , and documentation. Along with its architecture, the co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_configuration |
This is a list of the individual topics in Electronics , Mathematics , and Integrated Circuits that together make up the Computer Engineering field. The organization is by topic to create an effective Study Guide for this field. The contents match the full body of topics and detail information expected of a person id... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_engineering_compendium |
Computer humour , also known as hacker humour , is humour on the subject of computers or their users. [ 1 ]
Examples of computer humour include: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_humour |
A computer lab is a space where computer services are provided to a defined community. These are typically public libraries and academic institutions . [ 1 ] Generally, users must follow a certain user policy to retain access to the computers. This usually consists of rules such as no illegal activity during use or att... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_lab |
Computer magazines are about computers and related subjects, such as networking and the Internet . Most computer magazines offer (or offered) advice, some offer programming tutorials , reviews of the latest technologies, and advertisements.
Sources:. [ 1 ]
In the 1980s, computer magazines skewed their content towards... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_magazine |
Computer maintenance is the practice of keeping computers in a good state of repair. A computer containing accumulated dust and debris may not run properly.
The crumbs, dust, and other particulate that fall between the keys and build up underneath are loosened by spraying pressurized air into the keyboard, then remov... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_maintenance |
A computer module is a selection of independent electronic circuits packaged onto a circuit board to provide a basic function within a computer . [ 1 ] An example might be an inverter or flip-flop , which would require two or more transistors and a small number of additional supporting devices. Modules would be inserte... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_module |
Computer network engineering is a technology discipline within engineering that deals with the design , implementation, and management of computer networks . These systems contain both physical components, such as routers , switches, cables, and some logical elements, such as protocols and network services . Computer n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network_engineering |
Computer network programming involves writing computer programs that enable processes to communicate with each other across a computer network . [ 1 ]
Very generally, most of communications can be divided into connection-oriented , and connectionless . Whether a communication is connection-oriented or connectionless, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network_programming |
A computer operator is a role in IT which oversees the running of computer systems, ensuring that the machines, and computers are running properly. [ 1 ] The job of a computer operator as defined by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics is to "monitor and control ... and respond to ... enter commands ... set con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_operator |
From the invention of computer programming languages up to the mid-1970s, most computer programmers created, edited and stored their programs line by line on punch cards .
A punched card is a flexible write-once medium that encodes data, most commonly 80 characters. Groups or "decks" of cards form programs and collect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programming_in_the_punched_card_era |
Computer rage refers to negative psychological responses towards a computer due to heightened anger or frustration . [ 1 ] Examples of computer rage include cursing or yelling at a computer, slamming or throwing a keyboard or a mouse, and assaulting the computer or monitor with an object or weapon.
In April 2015, a Co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_rage |
A computer repair technician is a person who repairs and maintains computers and servers . The technician 's responsibilities may extend to include building or configuring new hardware , installing and updating software packages, and creating and maintaining computer networks .
Computer technicians work in a variety o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_repair_technician |
" Computer says no " is a catchphrase widely believed to have been first used in the British sketch comedy television programme Little Britain [ 1 ] in 2004. There are previous instances, most notably in the American TV series Hill Street Blues in 1981. [ 2 ] In British culture , the phrase is used to criticise public-... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_says_no |
Computer science and engineering ( CSE ) or computer science (CS) also integrated as electrical engineering and computer science ( EECS ) in some universities , is an academic subject comprising approaches of computer science and computer engineering . There is no clear division in computing between science and enginee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_science_and_engineering |
Computer science in sport is an interdisciplinary discipline that has its goal in combining the theoretical as well as practical aspects and methods of the areas of informatics and sport science . The main emphasis of the interdisciplinarity is placed on the application and use of computer-based, but also mathematical ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_science_in_sport |
A computer scientist is a scientist who specializes in the academic study of computer science . [ 1 ]
Computer scientists typically work on the theoretical side of computation. Although computer scientists can also focus their work and research on specific areas (such as algorithm and data structure development and de... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_scientist |
In the fields of computer security and information technology , computer security incident management involves the monitoring and detection of security events on a computer or computer network , and the execution of proper responses to those events. Computer security incident management is a specialized form of inciden... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_security_incident_management |
Computer stereo vision is the extraction of 3D information from digital images, such as those obtained by a CCD camera . By comparing information about a scene from two vantage points, 3D information can be extracted by examining the relative positions of objects in the two panels. This is similar to the biological pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_stereo_vision |
A computer trainer , sometimes known as a microprocessor trainer , is a type of small computer intended to introduce electronics and logic to new users. They were mostly used in the 1960s and 70s, although examples before and after that period can be found. They are very simple systems, similar to modern single board c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_trainer |
Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis , known as CARLA , was a proprietary software program developed by the architectural firm Willis & Associates of San Francisco , California , in 1971. [ 1 ]
In the 1970s, there were not many architectural and engineering firms that recognized the computer’s potential ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerized_Approach_to_Residential_Land_Analysis |
Computers & Chemical Engineering is an international, peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of process systems engineering . The journal accepts general papers on process systems engineering, as well as emerging new areas and topics for new developments in the application of computing and systems technology to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computers_&_Chemical_Engineering |
Computers and writing is a sub-field of college English studies about how computers and digital technologies affect literacy and the writing process. The range of inquiry in this field is broad including discussions on ethics when using computers in writing programs, how discourse can be produced through technologies, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computers_and_writing |
Computers in the classroom include any digital technology used to enhance, supplement, or replace a traditional educational curriculum with computer science education . As computers have become more accessible, inexpensive, and powerful, the demand for this technology has increased, leading to more frequent use of comp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computers_in_the_classroom |
Computing is any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computing machinery . [ 1 ] It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing has scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing |
The Computing Machine Laboratory at the University of Manchester in the north of England was established by Max Newman shortly after the end of World War II , around 1946. [ citation needed ]
The Laboratory was funded through a grant from the Royal Society , which was approved in the summer of 1946. [ 1 ] He recruited... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing_Machine_Laboratory |
A computing platform , digital platform , [ 1 ] or software platform is the infrastructure on which software is executed. While the individual components of a computing platform may be obfuscated under layers of abstraction , the summation of the required components comprise the computing platform .
Sometimes, the mo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing_platform |
In linear algebra , the computation of the permanent of a matrix is a problem that is thought to be more difficult than the computation of the determinant of a matrix despite the apparent similarity of the definitions.
The permanent is defined similarly to the determinant, as a sum of products of sets of matrix entrie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing_the_permanent |
Computing with memory refers to computing platforms where function response is stored in memory array, either one or two-dimensional, in the form of lookup tables (LUTs) and functions are evaluated by retrieving the values from the LUTs. These computing platforms can follow either a purely spatial computing model, as i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing_with_memory |
A computon is a combined unit of computing power, including processor cycles, memory , disk storage and bandwidth , proposed in 2005 by researchers at Hewlett-Packard , with the word being a cross between " computation " and " photon ", the name for a packet of electromagnetic energy . HP hoped that the computon would... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computon |
The Computron was an electron tube designed to perform the parallel addition and multiplication of digital numbers. It was conceived by Richard L. Snyder, Jr., Jan A. Rajchman , Paul Rudnick and the digital computer group at the laboratories of the Radio Corporation of America under the direction of Vladimir Zworykin ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computron_tube |
The Comstock–Needham system is a naming system for insect wing veins , devised by John Comstock and George Needham in 1898. It was an important step in showing the homology of all insect wings. This system was based on Needham's pretracheation theory that was later discredited by Frederic Charles Fraser in 1938. [ 1 ]
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comstock–Needham_system |
In the cellular phone industry, mobile phones and their networks sometimes support concatenated short message service (or concatenated SMS ) to overcome the limitation on the number of characters that can be sent in a single SMS text message transmission (which is usually 160). Using this method, long messages are spli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concatenated_SMS |
In coding theory , concatenated codes form a class of error-correcting codes that are derived by combining an inner code and an outer code . They were conceived in 1966 by Dave Forney as a solution to the problem of finding a code that has both exponentially decreasing error probability with increasing block length and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concatenated_error_correction_code |
A concentrate is a form of substance that has had the majority of its diluting agent or diluent (in the case of a liquid: the solvent ) removed, such that the substance becomes the majority of the composition. Typically, this will be the removal of water from a solution or suspension , such as the removal of water from... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrate |
A concentrated solar still is a system that uses the same quantity of solar heat input (same solar collection area) as a simple solar still but can produce a volume of freshwater that is many times greater. While a simple solar still is a way of distilling water by using the heat of the sun to drive evaporation from a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_solar_still |
In chemistry , concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: mass concentration , molar concentration , number concentration , and volume concentration . [ 1 ] The concentration can refer to any kind of chemical ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentration |
Fick's laws of diffusion describe diffusion and were first posited by Adolf Fick in 1855 on the basis of largely experimental results. They can be used to solve for the diffusion coefficient , D . Fick's first law can be used to derive his second law which in turn is identical to the diffusion equation .
Fick's first ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentration_gradient |
Concentration polarization is a term used in the scientific fields of electrochemistry and membrane science .
In electrochemistry , concentration polarization denotes the part of the polarization of an electrolytic cell resulting from changes in the electrolyte concentration due to the passage of current through the e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentration_polarization |
In economics , concentration ratios are used to quantify market concentration and are based on companies' market shares in a given industry.
A concentration ratio (CR) is the sum of the percentage market shares of (a pre-specified number of) the largest firms in an industry. An n -firm concentration ratio is a common ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentration_ratio |
A concentric reducer is used to join pipe sections or tube sections on the same axis. [ 1 ] The concentric reducer is cone -shaped, and is used when there is a shift in diameter between pipes. [ 1 ] For example, when a 1" pipe transitions into a 3/4" pipe and the top or bottom of the pipe doesn't need to remain level. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentric_reducer |
Concentric Tube (or Pipe) Heat Exchangers are used in a variety of industries for purposes such as material processing, food preparation, and air-conditioning. [ 1 ] They create a temperature driving force by passing fluid streams of different temperatures parallel to each other, separated by a physical boundary in the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentric_tube_heat_exchanger |
A concept of operations (abbreviated CONOPS , CONOPs , [ 1 ] or ConOps [ 2 ] ) is a document describing the characteristics of a proposed system from the viewpoint of an individual who will use that system. Examples include business requirements specification or stakeholder requirements specification (StRS) . CONOPS is... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concept_of_operations |
Concept testing (to be distinguished from pre-test markets and test markets which may be used at a later stage of product development research) [ 1 ] is the process of using surveys (and sometimes qualitative methods ) to evaluate consumer acceptance of a new product idea prior to the introduction of a product to the m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concept_testing |
Conceptual design is an early phase of the design process, in which the broad outlines of function and form of something are articulated. It includes the design of interactions, experiences, processes, and strategies. It involves an understanding of people's needs and how to meet them with products, services, and proce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_design |
Conceptual questions or conceptual problems in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education are questions that can be answered based only on the knowledge of relevant concepts , rather than performing extensive calculations. They contrast with most homework and exam problems in science and enginee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_question |
In metaphysics , conceptualism is a theory that explains universality of particulars as conceptualized frameworks situated within the thinking mind. [ 2 ] Intermediate between nominalism and realism , the conceptualist view approaches the metaphysical concept of universals from a perspective that denies their presence ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptualism |
Concerns over Chinese involvement in 5G wireless networks stem from allegations that cellular network equipment sourced from vendors from the People's Republic of China may contain backdoors enabling surveillance by the Chinese government (as part of its intelligence activity internationally ) and Chinese laws, such as... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concerns_over_Chinese_involvement_in_5G_wireless_networks |
Concerted evolution is the phenomenon where paralogous genes within one species are more closely related to one another than to members of the same gene family in closely related species. In other terms, when specific members of a family are investigated, a greater amount of similarity is found within a species rather ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concerted_evolution |
Concerted metalation-deprotonation (CMD) is a mechanistic pathway through which transition-metal catalyzed C–H activation reactions can take place. In a CMD pathway, the C–H bond of the substrate is cleaved and the new C–Metal bond forms through a single transition state . [ 1 ] This process does not go through a metal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concerted_metalation_deprotonation |
In chemistry , a concerted reaction is a chemical reaction in which all bond breaking and bond making occurs in a single step . Reactive intermediates or other unstable high energy intermediates are not involved. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Concerted reaction rates tend not to depend on solvent polarity ruling out large buildup of cha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concerted_reaction |
Conch ( US : / k ɑː ŋ k , k ɑː n tʃ / KONK , KONCH , UK : / k ɒ n tʃ / KONCH ) [ 1 ] is a common name of a number of different medium-to-large-sized sea snails . Conch shells typically have a high spire and a noticeable siphonal canal (in other words, the shell comes to a noticeable point on both ends).
Conchs that ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conch |
In geometry , a conchoid is a curve derived from a fixed point O , another curve, and a length d . It was invented by the ancient Greek mathematician Nicomedes . [ 1 ]
For every line through O that intersects the given curve at A the two points on the line which are d from A are on the conchoid. The conchoid is, there... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conchoid_(mathematics) |
A conchoidal fracture is a break or fracture of a brittle material that does not follow any natural planes of separation . Mindat.org defines conchoidal fracture as follows: "a fracture with smooth, curved surfaces, typically slightly concave, showing concentric undulations resembling the lines of growth of a shell". [... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conchoidal_fracture |
Concierge is an OSGI (Open Service Gateway Initiative) R3 framework implementation intended for resource-constrained devices like mobile and embedded systems.
Several new version exist and released in a eclipse project on the Eclipse Concierge web site. This one implements RC5 OSGI Specification.
There have been no ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concierge_OSGi |
Concise International Chemical Assessment Documents ( CICADs ) are published by the World Health Organization within the framework of the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS). They describe the toxicological properties of chemical compounds . [ 1 ]
CICADs are prepared in draft form by one or two experts f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concise_International_Chemical_Assessment_Document |
Concoction is the process of preparing a medicine, food or other substance out of many ingredients, and also the result of such a process.
Historically, the word referred to digestion , as conceived by Aristotle who theorized that this was the result of the heat of the body acting upon the material, causing it to matu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concoction |
In genetics , concordance is the probability that a pair of individuals will both have a certain characteristic ( phenotypic trait ) given that one of the pair has the characteristic. Concordance can be measured with concordance rates , reflecting the odds of one person having the trait if the other does. The pair of i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordance_(genetics) |
The Concordat on Openness on Animal Research is a UK initiative of scientific organizations, funders and providers who directly carry out, or whose members or beneficiaries carry out animal research . [ 1 ] It is a pledge by signatory organizations to offer the public greater information about research that involves an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordat_on_Openness_on_Animal_Research |
Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bound together with a fluid cement that cures to a solid over time. It is the second-most-used substance (after water ), [ 1 ] the most–widely used building material, [ 2 ] and the most-manufactured material in the world. [ 3 ]
When aggregate is mixed with dry Por... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete |
Concrete , in perfumery , is a waxy mass obtained by solvent extraction of fresh plant material. [ 1 ] It is usually used for the production of absolutes .
Concretes are produced from natural plant materials, mainly flowers. Some of the most popular natural flowers used are rose and lavender . [ 2 ]
A semi-solid resi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_(perfumery) |
Concrete and Constructional Engineering was a magazine published in London , England , by Concrete Publications from 1906 to 1966. The magazine chronicled in its pages the increasing popularity of reinforced concrete as a construction material in the early and mid twentieth centuries.
The magazine was founded in 1906 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_and_Constructional_Engineering |
Concrete cancer may refer to:
It may also refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_cancer |
Fracture mechanics is the field of mechanics concerned with the study of the propagation of cracks in materials. It uses methods of analytical solid mechanics to calculate the driving force on a crack and those of experimental solid mechanics to characterize the material's resistance to fracture .
Theoretically, the s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_fracture_analysis |
A concrete mixer (also cement mixer ) is a device that homogeneously combines cement , aggregate (e.g. sand or gravel), and water to form concrete . A typical concrete mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components. For smaller volume works, portable concrete mixers are often used so that the concrete can be made at... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_mixer |
A concrete number or numerus numeratus is a number associated with the things being counted, in contrast to an abstract number or numerus numerans which is a number as a single entity. For example, "five apples" and "half of a pie" are concrete numbers, while "five" and "one half" are abstract numbers. In mathematics t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_number |
A concrete shell , also commonly called thin shell concrete structure , is a structure composed of a relatively thin shell of concrete , usually with no interior columns or exterior buttresses . The shells are most commonly monolithic domes , but may also take the form of hyperbolic paraboloids , ellipsoids , cylindric... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_shell |
In discrete event simulation concurrent estimation is a technique used to estimate the effect of alternate parameter settings on a discrete event system. For example from observation of a (computer simulated) telecommunications system with a specified buffer size B 0 {\displaystyle B_{0}} , one estimates what the perfo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent_estimation |
In geometry , lines in a plane or higher-dimensional space are concurrent if they intersect at a single point .
The set of all lines through a point is called a pencil , and their common intersection is called the vertex of the pencil.
In any affine space (including a Euclidean space ) the set of lines parallel to a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent_lines |
The concurrent mark sweep collector ( concurrent mark-sweep collector , concurrent collector or CMS ) [ 1 ] was a mark-and-sweep garbage collector in the Oracle HotSpot Java virtual machine (JVM) available since version 1.4.1. It was deprecated on version 9 [ 2 ] and removed on version 14, [ 3 ] so from Java 15 it is n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent_mark_sweep_collector |
Concurrent tandem catalysis (CTC) is a technique in chemistry where multiple catalysts (usually two) produce a product otherwise not accessible by a single catalyst. [ 1 ] It is usually practiced as homogeneous catalysis .
Scheme 1 illustrates this process. Molecule A enters this catalytic system to produce the comonom... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent_tandem_catalysis |
In computer science , the number of concurrent users (sometimes abbreviated CCU) for a resource in a location, with the location being a computing network or a single computer, refers to the total number of people simultaneously accessing or using the resource. The resource can, for example, be a computer program , a f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent_user |
Condensation is the change of the state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase , and is the reverse of vaporization . The word most often refers to the water cycle . [ 1 ] It can also be defined as the change in the state of water vapor to liquid water when in contact with a liquid or solid surface or cl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensation |
A transient condensation cloud , also called a Wilson cloud , is observable surrounding large explosions in humid air.
When a nuclear weapon or high explosive is detonated in sufficiently humid air, the "negative phase" of the shock wave causes a rarefaction of the air surrounding the explosion but not of the air cont... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensation_cloud |
In mathematics , a condensation point p of a subset S of a topological space is any point p such that every neighborhood of p contains uncountably many points of S . Thus "condensation point" is synonymous with " ℵ 1 {\displaystyle \aleph _{1}} - accumulation point ". [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
This topology-related article is a stu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensation_point |
In polymer chemistry , condensation polymers are any kind of polymers whose process of polymerization involves a condensation reaction (i.e. a small molecule, such as water or methanol , is produced as a byproduct). Natural proteins as well as some common plastics such as nylon and PETE are formed in this way. Condens... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensation_polymer |
A condensation symbol is "a name, word, phrase, or maxim which stirs vivid impressions involving the listener's most basic values and readies the listener for action," as defined by political scientist Doris Graber . [ 1 ] Short words or phrases such as "my country," " old glory " " American Dream ," " family values ,"... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensation_symbol |
Condensed mathematics is a theory developed by Dustin Clausen and Peter Scholze which replaces a topological space by a certain sheaf of sets, in order to solve some technical problems of doing homological algebra on topological groups .
According to some, [ who? ] the theory aims to unify various mathematical subfiel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensed_mathematics |
In systems involving heat transfer , a condenser is a heat exchanger used to condense a gaseous substance into a liquid state through cooling. In doing so, the latent heat is released by the substance and transferred to the surrounding environment. Condensers are used for efficient heat rejection in many industrial sys... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condenser_(heat_transfer) |
In mathematics , a series or integral is said to be conditionally convergent if it converges, but it does not converge absolutely .
More precisely, a series of real numbers ∑ n = 0 ∞ a n {\textstyle \sum _{n=0}^{\infty }a_{n}} is said to converge conditionally if lim m → ∞ ∑ n = 0 m a n {\textstyle \lim _{m\rightarrow... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_convergence |
In probability theory , a conditional event algebra ( CEA ) is an alternative to a standard, Boolean algebra of possible events (a set of possible events related to one another by the familiar operations and , or , and not ) that contains not just ordinary events but also conditional events that have the form "if A , t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_event_algebra |
Conditional gene knockout is a technique used to eliminate a specific gene in a certain tissue, such as the liver. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This technique is useful to study the role of individual genes in living organisms. It differs from traditional gene knockout because it targets specific genes at specific times rather than bei... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_gene_knockout |
In probability theory , particularly information theory , the conditional mutual information [ 1 ] [ 2 ] is, in its most basic form, the expected value of the mutual information of two random variables given the value of a third.
For random variables X {\displaystyle X} , Y {\displaystyle Y} , and Z {\displaystyle Z} ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_mutual_information |
A conditional proof is a proof that takes the form of asserting a conditional , and proving that the antecedent of the conditional necessarily leads to the consequent .
The assumed antecedent of a conditional proof is called the conditional proof assumption ( CPA ). Thus, the goal of a conditional proof is to demonstr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_proof |
In trigonometry , trigonometric identities are equalities that involve trigonometric functions and are true for every value of the occurring variables for which both sides of the equality are defined. Geometrically, these are identities involving certain functions of one or more angles . They are distinct from triangle... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_trigonometric_identity |
Conditioned place preference ( CPP ) is a form of Pavlovian conditioning used to measure the motivational effects of objects or experiences. [ 1 ] This motivation comes from the pleasurable aspect of the experience, so that the brain can be reminded of the context that surrounded the "encounter". [ 2 ] By measuring the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditioned_place_preference |
Conditioned taste aversion occurs when an animal acquires an aversion to the taste of a food that was paired with aversive stimuli. The effect explains that the aversion develops more strongly for stimuli that cause nausea than other stimuli. This is considered an adaptive trait or survival mechanism that enables the o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditioned_taste_aversion |
In chemistry and materials science , a conditioner is a substance or process that improves the quality of a given material. Conditioning agents used in skincare products are also known as moisturizers , and usually are composed of various oils and lubricants . One method of their use is as a coating of the substrate t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditioner_(chemistry) |
A CondoSat is a satellite that supports separate operator payloads on the same spacecraft bus. [ 1 ]
A condosat is designed to carry multiple payloads from customers that do not want the direct responsibility of satellite operations. [ 2 ] The name derives from real estate condominium. They are a variation of the host... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CondoSat |
Condominial sewerage is the application of simplified sewerage coupled with consultations and ongoing interactions between users and agencies during planning and implementation. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The term is used primarily in Latin America , particularly in Brazil , and is derived from the term condominio , which means... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condominial_sewerage |
Condorcet's jury theorem is a political science theorem about the relative probability of a given group of individuals arriving at a correct decision. The theorem was first expressed by the Marquis de Condorcet in his 1785 work Essay on the Application of Analysis to the Probability of Majority Decisions . [ 1 ]
The a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condorcet's_jury_theorem |
Condorcet methods
Positional voting
Cardinal voting
Quota-remainder methods
Approval-based committees
Fractional social choice
Semi-proportional representation
By ballot type
Pathological response
Strategic voting
Paradoxes of majority rule
Positive results
In social choice theory , Condorcet's voting parad... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condorcet_paradox |
In theoretical computer science , graph theory , and mathematics , the conductance is a parameter of a Markov chain that is closely tied to its mixing time , that is, how rapidly the chain converges to its stationary distribution , should it exist. Equivalently, the conductance can be viewed as a parameter of a directe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductance_(graph_theory) |
The conductance quantum , denoted by the symbol G 0 , is the quantized unit of electrical conductance . It is defined by the elementary charge e and Planck constant h as:
It appears when measuring the conductance of a quantum point contact , and, more generally, is a key component of the Landauer formula , which relat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductance_quantum |
Conducting redox polymers ( CRP s) or intrinsically conducting redox polymers are organic polymers that combine the properties of conducting polymers and redox active polymers . They consist of a conducting polymer backbone with redox active pendant groups. [ 1 ]
The conducting backbone is usually polythiophene or pol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conducting_redox_polymer |
Conductive anodic filament , also called CAF , is a metallic filament that forms from an electrochemical migration process and is known to cause printed circuit board (PCB) failures.
CAF formation is a process involving the transport of conductive chemistries across a nonmetallic substrate under the influence of an ap... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductive_anodic_filament |
In microscopy , conductive atomic force microscopy ( C-AFM ) or current sensing atomic force microscopy ( CS-AFM ) is a mode in atomic force microscopy (AFM) that simultaneously measures the topography of a material and the electric current flow at the contact point of the tip with the surface of the sample. The topogr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductive_atomic_force_microscopy |
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