text stringlengths 11 320k | source stringlengths 26 161 |
|---|---|
Conductive metal−organic frameworks are a class of metal–organic frameworks (MOF) with intrinsic ability of electronic conduction. Metal ions and organic linkers assemble to form a framework that are called MOFs. The first conductive MOF, Cu[Cu(2,3-pyrazinedithiol) 2 ] was described in 2009 and exhibited electrical con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductive_metal−organic_frameworks |
Conductive polymers or, more precisely, intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) are organic polymers that conduct electricity . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Such compounds may have metallic conductivity or can be semiconductors . The main advantage of conductive polymers is that they are easy to process, mainly by dispersion . Conduct... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductive_polymer |
Conductivity or specific conductance of an electrolyte solution is a measure of its ability to conduct electricity . The SI unit of conductivity is siemens per meter (S/m).
Conductivity measurements are used routinely in many industrial and environmental applications as a fast, inexpensive and reliable way of measurin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductivity_(electrolytic) |
In electrochemistry, conductivity cell is crucial for measuring the solution's electrical conductivity. The concentration and ion mobility of solution in chemistry are related to conductivity of that solution. The conductive cells are useful for determining the ionic strength and the purity of solutions. [ 1 ]
Conduct... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductivity_cell |
Conductometry is a measurement of electrolytic conductivity to monitor a progress of chemical reaction. Conductometry has notable application in analytical chemistry , where conductometric titration is a standard technique. In usual analytical chemistry practice, the term conductometry is used as a synonym of conducto... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductometry |
A conductor Pipe is a large diameter pipe that is set into the ground to provide the initial stable structural foundation for a borehole or oil well . [ 1 ] The Conductor pipe is the first string of casing and is the largest diameter casing to be installed in a well.
It can also be referred to as a drive pipe because ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductor_pipe |
The condyle of humerus is the distal end of the humerus . It is made up of the capitulum and the trochlea . [ 1 ]
This human musculoskeletal system article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condyle_of_humerus |
The Condylostoma nuclear code (translation table 28) is a genetic code used by the nuclear genome of the heterotrich ciliate Condylostoma magnum . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This code, along with translation tables 27 and 31, is remarkable in that every one of the 64 possible codons can be a sense codon. Experimental evidence suggest... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condylostoma_nuclear_code |
In topology , especially algebraic topology , the cone of a topological space X {\displaystyle X} is intuitively obtained by stretching X into a cylinder and then collapsing one of its end faces to a point. The cone of X is denoted by C X {\displaystyle CX} or by cone ( X ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {cone} (X)} .
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_(topology) |
In computational geometry , the cone algorithm is an algorithm for identifying the particles that are near the surface of an object composed of discrete particles. Its applications include computational surface science and computational nanoscience . The cone algorithm was first described in a publication about nanogo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_algorithm |
In geometry , a cone is a three-dimensional figure that tapers smoothly from a flat base (typically a circle ) to a point not contained in the base, called the apex or vertex .
A cone is formed by a set of line segments , half-lines , or lines connecting a common point, the apex, to all of the points on a base. In th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_aperture |
A cone of depression is a circular area surrounding a well where groundwater levels are reduced from pumping. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In an unconfined aquifer ( water table ), this is an actual depression of the water levels. In confined aquifers ( artesian ), the cone of depression is a reduction in the pressure head surrounding ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_of_depression |
The Confederation of European Environmental Engineering Societies (CEEES) was created as a co-operative international organization for information exchange regarding environmental engineering between the various European societies in this field. [ 2 ]
The CEEES maintains an online public discussion forum for the inter... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederation_of_European_Environmental_Engineering_Societies |
In the mathematical area of graph theory , a conference graph is a strongly regular graph with parameters v , k = ( v − 1)/2, λ = ( v − 5)/4, and μ = ( v − 1)/4. It is the graph associated with a symmetric conference matrix , and consequently its order v must be 1 ( modulo 4) and a sum of two squares .
Conference grap... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conference_graph |
In mathematics , a conference matrix (also called a C - matrix ) is a square matrix C with 0 on the diagonal and +1 and −1 off the diagonal, such that C T C is a multiple of the identity matrix I . Thus, if the matrix has order n , C T C = ( n −1) I .
Some authors use a more general definition, which requires there t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conference_matrix |
Confidence of Life Detection Scale ( CoLD ) is a numerical scale developed by NASA astrobiologists to assess possible biosignatures of extraterrestrial life . It was suggested in 2021. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The scale is designed similar to NASA’s technological readiness scale. [ 4 ]
It is a seven-step scale:
The Cheyava ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confidence_of_Life_Detection_Scale |
A confidential incident reporting system is a mechanism which allows problems in safety-critical fields such as aviation and medicine to be reported in confidence . This allows events to be reported which otherwise might not be reported through fear of blame or reprisals against the reporter. Analysis of the reported i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confidential_incident_reporting |
Configuration design is a kind of design where a fixed set of predefined components that can be interfaced (connected) in predefined ways is given, and an assembly (i.e. designed artifact) of components selected from this fixed set is sought that satisfies a set of requirements and obeys a set of constraints.
The asso... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_design |
In statistical mechanics , configuration entropy is the portion of a system's entropy that is related to discrete representative positions of its constituent particles. For example, it may refer to the number of ways that atoms or molecules pack together in a mixture, alloy or glass, the number of conformations of a mo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_entropy |
In mathematics , a configuration space is a construction closely related to state spaces or phase spaces in physics. In physics, these are used to describe the state of a whole system as a single point in a high-dimensional space. In mathematics, they are used to describe assignments of a collection of points to positi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_space_(mathematics) |
In classical mechanics , the parameters that define the configuration of a system are called generalized coordinates , and the space defined by these coordinates is called the configuration space of the physical system . It is often the case that these parameters satisfy mathematical constraints, such that the set of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_space_(physics) |
In quantum chemistry , a configuration state function ( CSF ), is a symmetry-adapted linear combination of Slater determinants . A CSF must not be confused with a configuration . In general, one configuration gives rise to several CSFs; all have the same total quantum numbers for spin and spatial parts but differ in th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_state_function |
A configuron is an elementary configurational excitation in an amorphous material which involves breaking of a chemical bond . [ 1 ] Coined by scientists C.A. Angell and K.J. Rao, this concept often involves the breaking and reforming of a chemical bond. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
These configurational excitations, or configur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuron |
In condensed matter physics , a confined liquid is a liquid that is subject to geometric constraints on a nanoscopic scale so that most molecules are close enough to an interface to sense some difference from standard bulk liquid conditions. Typical examples are liquids in porous media , gels , or bound in solvation sh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confined_liquid |
A confined space is a space with limited entry and egress and not suitable for human inhabitants. Alternative names for a confined space are enclosed space and dangerous space. [ 1 ] An example is the interior of a storage tank , occasionally entered by maintenance workers but not intended for human occupancy. Hazards ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confined_space |
A conflagration is a large fire . [ 1 ] Conflagrations often damage human life, animal life, health, and/or property. A conflagration can begin accidentally or be intentionally created ( arson ). A very large fire can produce a firestorm , in which the central column of rising heated air induces strong inward winds, wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflagration |
In statistics, coalescence refers to the merging of independent probability density functions . It contrasts with the simpler, erroneous approach called conflation .
Conflation refers to the merging of independent probability density functions using simple multiplication of the constituent densities. [ 1 ] The Multipl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflation_(statistics) |
The conflict procedure is an experiment often used in scientific research to quantify anxiety levels by measuring changes in punished/unpunished responses. It is often used to screen drugs for their potential to inhibit anxiety ( anxiolytic potential).
Some researchers from France have conducted an experiment on "Effe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_procedure |
In geography , a confluence (also conflux ) occurs where two or more watercourses join to form a single channel . [ 1 ] A confluence can occur in several configurations: at the point where a tributary joins a larger river ( main stem ); or where two streams meet to become the source of a river of a new name (such as th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confluence |
Confocal endoscopy , or confocal laser endomicroscopy ( CLE ), is a modern imaging technique that allows the examination of real-time microscopic and histological features inside the body. In the word "endomicroscopy", endo- means "within" and -skopein means "to view or observe". CLE, also known as "optical biopsy", ca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confocal_endoscopy |
Confocal microscopy , most frequently confocal laser scanning microscopy ( CLSM ) or laser scanning confocal microscopy ( LSCM ), is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of using a spatial pinhole to block out-of-focus light in image formation. [ 1 ] Captu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confocal_microscopy |
In mathematics , a matrix is conformable if its dimensions are suitable for defining some operation ( e.g. addition, multiplication, etc.). [ 1 ]
This article about matrices is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformable_matrix |
Conformal coating is a protective, breathable coating of thin polymeric film applied to printed circuit boards (PCBs). Conformal coatings are typically applied with 25–250 μm [ 1 ] thickness on electronic circuitry to protect against moisture and other substances.
Coatings can be applied in many ways, including brushi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformal_coating |
A conformal field theory ( CFT ) is a quantum field theory that is invariant under conformal transformations . In two dimensions , there is an infinite-dimensional algebra of local conformal transformations, and conformal field theories can sometimes be exactly solved or classified.
Conformal field theory has importan... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformal_field_theory |
Conformal gravity refers to gravity theories that are invariant under conformal transformations in the Riemannian geometry sense; more accurately, they are invariant under Weyl transformations g a b → Ω 2 ( x ) g a b {\displaystyle g_{ab}\rightarrow \Omega ^{2}(x)g_{ab}} where g a b {\displaystyle g_{ab}} is the metric... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformal_gravity |
A conformal linear transformation , also called a homogeneous similarity transformation or homogeneous similitude , is a similarity transformation of a Euclidean or pseudo-Euclidean vector space which fixes the origin . It can be written as the composition of an orthogonal transformation (an origin-preserving rigid tra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformal_linear_transformation |
In mathematics , a conformal map is a function that locally preserves angles , but not necessarily lengths.
More formally, let U {\displaystyle U} and V {\displaystyle V} be open subsets of R n {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{n}} . A function f : U → V {\displaystyle f:U\to V} is called conformal (or angle-preserving ) a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformal_map |
Conformal symmetry is a property of spacetime that ensures angles remain unchanged even when distances are altered. If you stretch, compress, or otherwise distort spacetime, the local angular relationships between lines or curves stay the same. This idea extends the familiar Poincaré group —which accounts for rotations... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformal_symmetry |
In mathematics , conformal welding ( sewing or gluing ) is a process in geometric function theory for producing a Riemann surface by joining together two Riemann surfaces, each with a disk removed, along their boundary circles. This problem can be reduced to that of finding univalent holomorphic maps f , g of the unit ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformal_welding |
In biochemistry , a conformational change is a change in the shape of a macromolecule , often induced by environmental factors.
A macromolecule is usually flexible and dynamic. Its shape can change in response to changes in its environment or other factors; each possible shape is called a conformation, and a transitio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformational_change |
In immunology , a conformational epitope is a sequence of sub-units (usually amino acids ) composing an antigen that come in direct contact with a receptor of the immune system .
An antigen is any substance that the immune system can recognize as foreign. Antigens are usually proteins that are too large to bind as a w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformational_epitope |
Conformational proofreading or conformational selection is a general mechanism of molecular recognition systems, suggested by Yonatan Savir and Tsvi Tlusty, in which introducing an energetic barrier - such as a structural mismatch between a molecular recognizer and its target - enhances the recognition specificity and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformational_proofreading |
In biochemistry , the conformation–activity relationship is the relationship between the biological activity and the chemical structure or conformational changes of a biomolecule . This terminology emphasizes the importance of dynamic conformational changes for the biological function, rather than the importance of sta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformation–activity_relationship |
From a biological standpoint, the goal-directed molecular motions inside living cells are carried out by biopolymers acting like molecular machines (e.g. myosin , RNA/DNA polymerase, ion pumps , etc.). These molecular machines are driven by conformons , that is sequence-specific mechanical strains generated by free ene... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformon |
Confrontation analysis (also known as dilemma analysis ) is an operational analysis technique used to structure, understand, and analyze multi-party interactions, such as negotiations or conflicts . It serves as the mathematical foundation for drama theory .
While based on game theory , confrontation analysis differs ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confrontation_analysis |
Confronted animals , or confronted-animal as an adjective , where two animals face each other in a symmetrical pose, is an ancient bilateral motif in art and artifacts studied in archaeology and art history . The "anti-confronted animals" is the opposing motif, with the animals back to back.
Bilateral symmetry is a do... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confronted_animals |
A confusion network (sometimes called a word confusion network or informally known as a sausage ) is a natural language processing method that combines outputs from multiple automatic speech recognition or machine translation systems. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Confusion networks are simple linear directed acyclic graphs with the pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confusion_network |
Congelation (from Latin : congelātiō , lit. ' freezing, congealing ' ) was a term used in medieval and early modern alchemy for the process known today as crystallization . [ 1 ]
In the Secreta alchymiae ('The Secret of Alchemy') attributed to Khalid ibn Yazid ( c. 668–704 or 709 ), it is one of "the four principal op... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congelation |
In the alcoholic beverages industry, congeners are substances produced during fermentation other than the desired type of alcohol ( ethanol ). These substances include small amounts of chemicals such as methanol and other alcohols (known as fusel alcohols ), acetone , acetaldehyde , esters , tannins , and aldehydes (e.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congener_(beverages) |
In genetics , two organisms that differ in only one locus and a linked segment of chromosome are defined as congenic . [ 1 ] Similarly, organisms that are coisogenic differ in one locus only and not in the surrounding chromosome. Unlike congenic organisms, coisogenic organisms cannot be bred and only occur through spon... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenic |
A congenital disorder of glycosylation (previously called carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome ) is one of several rare inborn errors of metabolism in which glycosylation of a variety of tissue proteins and/or lipids is deficient or defective. Congenital disorders of glycosylation are sometimes known as CDG syn... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_disorder_of_glycosylation |
Congo red is an organic compound , the sodium salt of 3,3′-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diyl)bis(4-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid). It is an azo dye . Congo red is water-soluble, yielding a red colloidal solution; its solubility is greater in organic solvents. The use of Congo red in the textile industry has long been aban... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congo_red |
In mathematics , the congruence lattice problem asks whether every algebraic distributive lattice is isomorphic to the congruence lattice of some other lattice. The problem was posed by Robert P. Dilworth , and for many years it was one of the most famous and long-standing open problems in lattice theory ; it had a dee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congruence_lattice_problem |
In number theory , a congruence of squares is a congruence commonly used in integer factorization algorithms.
Given a positive integer n , Fermat's factorization method relies on finding numbers x and y satisfying the equality
We can then factor n = x 2 − y 2 = ( x + y )( x − y ). This algorithm is slow in practice b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congruence_of_squares |
Congruent melting occurs during melting of a compound when the composition of the liquid that forms is the same as the composition of the solid. It can be contrasted with incongruent melting . This generally happens in two- component systems. To take a general case, let A and B be the two components and AB a stable sol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congruent_melting |
In number theory , a congruum (plural congrua ) is the difference between successive square numbers in an arithmetic progression of three squares. The congruum problem is the problem of finding squares in arithmetic progression and their associated congrua. It can be formalized as a Diophantine equation .
Fibonacci so... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congruum |
In organic chemistry , the Conia-ene reaction is an intramolecular cyclization reaction between an enolizable carbonyl such as an ester or ketone and an alkyne or alkene , giving a cyclic product with a new carbon-carbon bond. As initially reported by J. M. Conia and P. Le Perchec, the Conia-ene reaction is a heteroato... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conia-ene_reaction |
In geometry , the conic constant (or Schwarzschild constant , [ 1 ] after Karl Schwarzschild ) is a quantity describing conic sections , and is represented by the letter K . The constant is given by K = − e 2 , {\displaystyle K=-e^{2},} where e is the eccentricity of the conic section.
The equation for a conic sectio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conic_constant |
Given a finite number of vectors x 1 , x 2 , … , x n {\displaystyle x_{1},x_{2},\dots ,x_{n}} in a real vector space , a conical combination , conical sum , or weighted sum [ 1 ] [ 2 ] of these vectors is a vector of the form
where α i {\displaystyle \alpha _{i}} are non-negative real numbers.
The name derives from t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conical_combination |
In quantum chemistry , a conical intersection of two or more potential energy surfaces is the set of molecular geometry points where the potential energy surfaces are degenerate (intersect) and the non-adiabatic couplings between these states are non-vanishing. In the vicinity of conical intersections, the Born–Oppenhe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conical_intersection |
A conical plate centrifuge (also known as a disc bowl centrifuge or disc stack separator ) is a type of centrifuge that has a series of conical discs which provides a parallel configuration of centrifugation spaces. [ 1 ]
The conical plate centrifuge is used to remove solids (usually impurities) from liquids or to sep... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conical_plate_centrifuge |
A conical roof or cone roof is a cone -shaped roof that is circular at its base and terminates in a point.
Conical roofs are frequently found on top of towers in medieval town fortifications and castles , where they may either sit directly on the outer wall of the tower (sometimes projecting beyond it to form eaves ) ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conical_roof |
Conidiation is a biological process in which filamentous fungi reproduce asexually from spores . Rhythmic conidiation is the most obvious output of fungal circadian rhythms . Neurospora species are most often used to study this rhythmic conidiation. Physical stimuli, such as light exposure and mechanical injury to the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conidiation |
In oligopoly theory , conjectural variation is the belief that one firm has an idea about the way its competitors may react if it varies its output or price. The firm forms a conjecture about the variation in the other firm's output that will accompany any change in its own output.
For example, in the classic Cournot ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjectural_variation |
In mathematics , a conjecture is a conclusion or a proposition that is proffered on a tentative basis without proof . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Some conjectures, such as the Riemann hypothesis or Fermat's conjecture (now a theorem , proven in 1995 by Andrew Wiles ), have shaped much of mathematical history as new areas of math... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjecture |
A conjoined gene (CG) is defined as a gene , which gives rise to transcripts by combining at least part of one exon from each of two or more distinct known (parent) genes that lie on the same chromosome, are in the same orientation, and often translate independently into different proteins. In some cases, the transcrip... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjoined_gene |
In mathematics , the conjugate of an expression of the form a + b d {\displaystyle a+b{\sqrt {d}}} is a − b d , {\displaystyle a-b{\sqrt {d}},} provided that d {\displaystyle {\sqrt {d}}} does not appear in a and b . One says also that the two expressions are conjugate.
In particular, the two solutions of a quadratic ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_(square_roots) |
The conjugate-beam methods is an engineering method to derive the slope and displacement of a beam. A conjugate beam is defined as an imaginary beam with the same dimensions (length) as that of the original beam but load at any point on the conjugate beam is equal to the bending moment at that point divided by EI . [ 1... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_beam_method |
Conjugate eye movement refers to motor coordination of the eyes that allows for bilateral fixation on a single object.
A conjugate eye movement is a movement of both eyes in the same direction to maintain binocular gaze (also referred to as “yoked” eye movement). This is in contrast to vergence eye movement, where bi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_eye_movement |
In mathematics , the conjugate transpose , also known as the Hermitian transpose , of an m × n {\displaystyle m\times n} complex matrix A {\displaystyle \mathbf {A} } is an n × m {\displaystyle n\times m} matrix obtained by transposing A {\displaystyle \mathbf {A} } and applying complex conjugation to each entry (the c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_transpose |
A conjugate vaccine is a type of subunit vaccine which combines a weak antigen with a strong antigen as a carrier so that the immune system has a stronger response to the weak antigen.
Vaccines are used to prevent diseases by invoking an immune response to an antigen, part of a bacterium or virus that the immune syste... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_vaccine |
Conjugate variables are pairs of variables mathematically defined in such a way that they become Fourier transform duals , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] or more generally are related through Pontryagin duality . The duality relations lead naturally to an uncertainty relation—in physics called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle —betwee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_variables |
In thermodynamics , the internal energy of a system is expressed in terms of pairs of conjugate variables such as temperature and entropy , pressure and volume , or chemical potential and particle number . In fact, all thermodynamic potentials are expressed in terms of conjugate pairs. The product of two quantities tha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_variables_(thermodynamics) |
Conjugated microporous polymers ( CMPs ) are a sub-class of porous materials that are related to structures such as zeolites , metal-organic frameworks , and covalent organic frameworks , but are amorphous in nature, rather than crystalline . CMPs are also a sub-class of conjugated polymers and possess many of the same... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugated_microporous_polymer |
Conjugated oligoelectrolytes , or COEs , are a class of synthetic antimicrobials designed to prevent and circumvent antimicrobial resistance via different mechanism of action than traditional antibiotics . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] COEs insert into cell membranes and can function as electron transporters, but were found to inhibit b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugated_oligoelectrolytes |
In physical organic chemistry , a conjugated system is a system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons in a molecule , which in general lowers the overall energy of the molecule and increases stability . It is conventionally represented as having alternating single and multiple bonds . Lone pairs , radicals... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugated_system |
Conley's fundamental theorem of dynamical systems or Conley's decomposition theorem states that every flow of a dynamical system with compact phase portrait admits a decomposition into a chain-recurrent part and a gradient-like flow part. [ 1 ] Due to the concise yet complete description of many dynamical systems, Conl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conley's_fundamental_theorem_of_dynamical_systems |
In mathematics, the Conley–Zehnder theorem , named after Charles C. Conley and Eduard Zehnder , provides a lower bound for the number of fixed points of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms of standard symplectic tori in terms of the topology of the underlying tori. The lower bound is one plus the cup-length of the torus (thus ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conley–Zehnder_theorem |
In geology and sedimentology , connate fluids are liquids that were trapped in the pores of sedimentary rocks as they were deposited. These liquids are largely composed of water , but also contain many mineral components as ions in solution . [ 1 ]
As rocks are buried, they undergo lithification and the connate fluid... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connate_fluids |
Connect is a non-profit serving the San Diego and Southern California region. Connect elevates innovators and entrepreneurs throughout their growth journey by providing educational programming, mentorship, networking events, and access to capital. The current CEO is Mike Krenn.
Founded at the University of Californi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connect_(organization) |
Connect Four (also known as Connect 4 , Four Up , Plot Four , Find Four , Captain's Mistress , Four in a Row , Drop Four , and in the Soviet Union , Gravitrips ) is a game in which the players choose a color and then take turns dropping colored tokens into a six-row, seven-column vertically suspended grid. The pieces f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connect_Four |
Connected Mathematics is a comprehensive mathematics program intended for U.S. students in grades 6–8 . The curriculum design, text materials for students, and supporting resources for teachers were created and have been progressively refined by the Connected Mathematics Project (CMP) at Michigan State University with ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connected_Mathematics |
In mathematics , connectedness [ 1 ] is used to refer to various properties meaning, in some sense, "all one piece". When a mathematical object has such a property, we say it is connected ; otherwise it is disconnected . When a disconnected object can be split naturally into connected pieces, each piece is usually call... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectedness |
The Connecting Organizations for Regional Disease Surveillance (CORDS) is a "regional infectious disease surveillance network that neighboring countries worldwide are organizing to control cross-border outbreaks at their source." [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In 2012, CORDS was registered as a legal, non-profit international organizatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecting_Organizations_for_Regional_Disease_Surveillance |
The stoichiometric structure and mass-conservation properties of biochemical pathways gives rise to a series of theorems or relationships between the control coefficients and the control coefficients and elasticities. There are a large number of such relationships depending on the pathway configuration (e.g. linear , b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectivity_theorems |
Connie C. Lu is a Taiwanese-American inorganic chemist and a professor of chemistry at the University of Bonn . She was previously a professor of chemistry at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities . [ 1 ] Lu's research focuses on the synthesis of novel bimetallic coordination complexes, [ 2 ] as well as metal-organi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connie_C._Lu |
The Conodont Alteration Index ( CAI ) is used to estimate the maximum temperature reached by a sedimentary rock using thermal alteration of conodont fossils. Conodonts in fossiliferous carbonates are prepared by dissolving the matrix with weak acid, since the conodonts are composed of apatite and thus do not dissolve a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conodont_Alteration_Index |
Conoscopy is an optical technique to make observations of a transparent specimen in a cone of converging rays of light. The various directions of light propagation are observable simultaneously.
A conoscope is an apparatus to carry out conoscopic observations and measurements, often realized by a microscope with a Ber... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conoscopy |
The Conrad Schlumberger Award is an award given to one of the members of European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers . The award is given each year to one that has made an outstanding contribution over a period of time to the scientific and technical advancement of the geosciences , particularly geophysics . [ ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_Schlumberger_Award |
Conradson carbon residue , commonly known as "Concarbon" or "CCR", is a laboratory test used to provide an indication of the coke -forming tendencies of an oil. Quantitatively, the test measures the amount of carbonaceous residue remaining after the oil's evaporation and pyrolysis . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In general, the te... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conradson_carbon_residue |
The Conrad–Limpach synthesis is the condensation of anilines ( 1 ) with β-ketoesters ( 2 ) to form 4-hydroxy quinolines ( 4 ) via a Schiff base ( 3 ). The overall reaction type is a combination of both an addition reaction as well as a rearrangement reaction . This reaction was discovered by Max Conrad (1848–1920) and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad–Limpach_synthesis |
In organic chemistry , an electrocyclic reaction can either be classified as conrotatory or disrotatory based on the rotation at each end of the molecule . In conrotatory mode, both atomic orbitals of the end groups turn in the same direction (such as both atomic orbitals rotating clockwise or counter-clockwise). In d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrotatory_and_disrotatory |
The ConsensusPathDB is a molecular functional interaction database , integrating information on protein interactions , genetic interactions signaling, metabolism , gene regulation , and drug-target interactions in humans. ConsensusPathDB currently (release 30) includes such interactions from 32 databases. [ 1 ] Consens... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ConsensusPathDB |
Consensus dynamics , also known as agreement dynamics , is an area of research at the intersection of systems theory and graph theory . It studies how a group of agents—such as robots, sensors, or decision-makers—interacting over a network can reach a common decision or estimate through local rules and information exch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensus_dynamics |
In molecular biology and bioinformatics , the consensus sequence (or canonical sequence ) is the calculated sequence of most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid , found at each position in a sequence alignment . It represents the results of multiple sequence alignments in which related sequences are comp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensus_sequence |
A consensus site is a term in molecular biology that refers to a site on a protein that is often modified in a particular way. Modifications may be N- or O- linked glycosylation , phosphorylation , [ 1 ] tyrosine sulfation or other.
This molecular biology article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensus_site |
Conservation-induced extinction is where efforts to save endangered species lead to the extinction of other species. This mostly threatens the parasite and pathogen species that are highly host-specific to critically endangered hosts. When the last individuals of a host species are captured for the purpose of captive b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation-induced_extinction |
Conservation-reliant species are animal or plant species that require continuing species-specific wildlife management intervention such as predator control , habitat management and parasite control to survive, even when a self-sustainable recovery in population is achieved. [ 1 ]
The term "conservation-reliant species... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation-reliant_species |
Conservation Biology is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal of the Society for Conservation Biology , published by Wiley-Blackwell and established in May 1987. [ 1 ] It covers the science and practice of conserving Earth's biological diversity , including issues concerning any of the Earth's ecosystems or regi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_Biology_(journal) |
Conservation and restoration of glass objects is one aspect of conservation and restoration of cultural heritage . The nature and varying composition of the material, and the variety of types of object made from it, demand certain specialized techniques. The conservator needs to be aware of "agents of deterioration" pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_glass_objects |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.