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What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Florida",
"Washington, D.C.",
"South Carolina",
"Maryland"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | us-history | English colonies in North America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Maryland. | |||
Which property do these four objects have in common? | [
"opaque",
"sweet",
"fragile"
] | 0 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
Sugar has a sweet taste. The flute is not sweet.
A fragile object will break into pieces if you drop it. The paper notebook is not fragile.
An opaque object does not let light through. All four objects are opaque.
The property that all four objects h... | |
Which term matches the picture? | [
"exothermic process",
"endothermic process"
] | 0 | Read the text.
An endothermic process is a chemical process that absorbs energy in the form of heat. Frying an egg involves an endothermic process, as the egg absorbs heat energy from the frying pan. Any chemical process in which a substance takes heat from the surrounding environment is endothermic.
An exothermic proc... | closed choice | grade8 | language science | word-study | Domain-specific vocabulary | Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures | A candle burning is an exothermic process. It releases heat and smoke into the environment. | ||
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"flexible",
"opaque",
"translucent"
] | 2 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
An opaque object does not let light through. None of the objects are opaque.
A translucent object lets light through. But you cannot see clearly through a translucent object. All three objects are translucent.
A flexible object can be folded or bent ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
"I can't believe I tripped," Austin remarked. "The curb must have ()". | [
"jumped out in front of me",
"been higher than I thought"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the phrase jumped out in front of me. It describes the curb as if it were a mischievous, unpredictable person. | |
Which material is this arrowhead made of? | [
"wool",
"rock"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify materials in objects | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials. | Look at the picture of the arrowhead.
The arrowhead is made of rock.
Many arrowheads are made of obsidian. Obsidian is a type of rock. It is made when lava from a volcano cools quickly. | ||
What can Lamar and Jennifer trade to each get what they want? | [
"Lamar can trade his tomatoes for Jennifer's broccoli.",
"Lamar can trade his tomatoes for Jennifer's carrots.",
"Jennifer can trade her broccoli for Lamar's oranges.",
"Jennifer can trade her almonds for Lamar's tomatoes."
] | 0 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Lamar and Jennifer open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Lamar nor Jennifer got everything that they wanted. Th... | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Lamar wants broccoli. Jennifer wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Jayce acquired this trait? | [
"Jayce is most interested in American history.",
"Jayce learned history by reading."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Jayce knows a lot about history. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Peanut's phenotype for the body hair trait? | [
"a hairy body",
"a hairless body"
] | 0 | In a group of deer mice, some individuals have a hairy body and others have a hairless body. In this group, the gene for the body hair trait has two alleles. The allele for a hairless body (b) is recessive to the allele for a hairy body (B).
Peanut is a deer mouse from this group. Peanut has the heterozygous genotype B... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | You need to determine Peanut's phenotype for the body hair trait. First, consider the alleles in Peanut's genotype for the body hair gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive.
The allele for a hairless body (b) is recessive to the allele for a hairy body (B). This means B is a dominant allele, ... |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the animal that has a backbone. | [
"comet moth",
"squirrel"
] | 1 | Hint: Mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians all have backbones. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify animals with and without backbones | Some animals have a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. An animal's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each animal's backbone is colored orange.
Other animals do not have a backbone. In fact, these animals don't have any bones! Some animals witho... | A comet moth is an insect. Like other insects, a comet moth does not have a backbone. It has a hard outer cover.
A squirrel is a mammal. Like other mammals, a squirrel has a backbone. |
What can Jaden and Nicole trade to each get what they want? | [
"Jaden can trade his tomatoes for Nicole's carrots.",
"Jaden can trade his tomatoes for Nicole's broccoli.",
"Nicole can trade her broccoli for Jaden's oranges.",
"Nicole can trade her almonds for Jaden's tomatoes."
] | 1 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Jaden and Nicole open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Jaden nor Nicole got everything that they wanted. The ta... | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Jaden wants broccoli. Nicole wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
What is the direction of this push? | [
"away from the man's hands",
"toward the man's hands"
] | 0 | A man pushes his team's soapbox car with his hands. The car begins to roll forward. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Identify pushes and pulls | One object can make another object move with a push or a pull.
The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing.
The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling. | The man pushes the soapbox car away from himself. So, the car begins to roll. The direction of the push is away from the man's hands. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Doug decides to borrow the book from the library. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Doug will save some money by not buying the book.",
"Doug will give up the chance to keep the book as long as he wants."
] | 1 | Doug is deciding whether to buy a copy of a book or borrow it from the library. He would like to be able to keep the book as long as he wants, but buying the book would cost money. He could borrow the book for free, but he would have to return it in a few weeks. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Doug wants or needs:
Doug will give up the chance to keep the book as long as he wants. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence.
Coal forming from dead plants is a (). | [
"physical change",
"chemical change"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before an... | Coal forming from dead plants is a chemical change. Over millions of years, the chemical bonds in the molecules of dead plants and animals are broken. The atoms link together to form molecules of a different type of matter called a fossil fuel. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"Your nephew,\nDonald",
"Your Nephew,\nDonald"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which excerpt from a lab report is more formal? | [
"We did this experiment so we could try and figure out how things like temperature and wind end up affecting transpiration.",
"This experiment was conducted to show how variables such as temperature and wind affect transpiration."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Audience, purpose, and tone | Which text is most formal? | Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is... | The first excerpt from a lab report is more formal. It uses more elevated language (was conducted, different variables). The other excerpt uses imprecise and conversational language (try and figure out, things like, end up). | |
Which better describes the Monongahela National Forest ecosystem? | [
"It has cold, wet winters. It also has soil that is rich in nutrients.",
"It has soil that is poor in nutrients. It also has only a few types of trees."
] | 0 | Figure: Monongahela National Forest.
The Monongahela National Forest is a temperate deciduous forest ecosystem in eastern West Virginia. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An ecosystem is formed when living and nonliving things interact in an environment. There are many types of ecosystems. Here are some ways in which ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil or water
the organisms that live there | A temperate deciduous forest is a type of ecosystem. Temperate deciduous forests have the following features: warm, wet summers and cold, wet winters, soil that is rich in nutrients, and only a few types of trees. So, the Monongahela National Forest has cold, wet winters. It also has soil that is rich in nutrients. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the volume of a jar of baby food? | [
"6 fluid ounces",
"6 cups",
"6 gallons"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups,... | The best estimate for the volume of a jar of baby food is 6 fluid ounces.
6 cups and 6 gallons are both too much. |
Select the organism in the same species as the Victoria crowned pigeon. | [
"Cyanocitta cristata",
"Goura victoria",
"Strix nebulosa"
] | 1 | This organism is a Victoria crowned pigeon. Its scientific name is Goura victoria. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A Victoria crowned pigeon's scientific name is Goura victoria.
Strix nebulosa does not have the same scientific name as a Victoria crowned pigeon. So, Goura victoria and Strix nebulosa are not in the same species.
Cyanocitta cristata does not have the same scientific name as a Victoria crowned pigeon. So, Goura victori... | |
Which property matches this object? | [
"salty",
"fuzzy"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A fuzzy object is covered in soft hair. The kiwi is fuzzy.
Potato chips have a salty taste. The kiwi is not salty. | |
Which animal's skin is better adapted as a warning sign to ward off predators? | [
"fire salamander",
"fantastic leaf-tailed gecko"
] | 0 | Opalescent nudibranchs have stinging cells in their brightly colored skin. The bright colors serve as a warning sign that the animal is toxic and dangerous. The 's skin is adapted to ward off predators.
Figure: opalescent nudibranch. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the opalescent nudibranch.
The opalescent nudibranch has stinging cells in its brightly colored skin. Its skin is adapted to ward off predators. The bright colors serve as a warning sign that the opalescent nudibranch is toxic and dangerous.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Does the sentence use a simile or a metaphor?
The sunburn was a fire that spread across my back. | [
"simile",
"metaphor"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Identify similes and metaphors | Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.
A simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.
My sister runs like a cheetah.
The sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.
A che... | The sunburn was a fire that spread across my back.
The words sunburn and fire are compared without the word like or as. So, the sentence uses a metaphor. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
lamb - lint | [
"lot",
"leg"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since leg is between the guide words lamb - lint, it would be found on that page. | |
Which animal is also adapted to use its neck to appear large and scary to a predator? | [
"bearded dragon",
"sand lizard"
] | 0 | Frillneck lizards are reptiles. Their predators include owls, eagles, and snakes. The lizard uses its neck to appear large and scary to a predator.
Figure: frillneck lizard. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's neck is one example of an adaptation. Animals' necks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a large frilled neck might help an animal appear dangerous ... | Look at the picture of the frillneck lizard.
When frightened, the frillneck lizard can spread out its frill to appear larger and more dangerous. If a predator is nearby, the frill can help scare it away.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The bearded dragon has spiny scales aroun... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Frank inherited this trait? | [
"Frank and his father both have dark hair.",
"Frank's parents have pale skin. They passed down this trait to Frank."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Frank has pale skin. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Which property matches this object? | [
"sour",
"sticky"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A lemon has a sour taste. The honey is not sour.
A sticky object can attach or stick to other things. The honey is sticky. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Answer the riddle.
I am white.
I am very cold.
I fall from the sky.
What am I? | [
"rain",
"snow"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade1 | language science | vocabulary | Comprehension strategies | What am I? | Snow is white.
Snow is very cold.
Snow falls from the sky. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which change better matches the sentence?
A lake dries up after many years of no rain. | [
"drought",
"volcanic eruption"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | earth-science | Earth events | Classify changes to Earth's surface | |||
What is the capital of Alaska? | [
"Boston",
"Sacramento",
"Fairbanks",
"Juneau"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Juneau is the capital of Alaska. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, beeswax is a (). | [
"reactant",
"product"
] | 0 | This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
Candles can be made from beeswax, the substance bees use to build honeycombs. As a beeswax candle's string, or wick, burns, the wax melts and rises up the string. The wax combines with oxygen in the air, forming carbon di... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Identify reactants and products | A chemical change occurs when new substances are formed from existing substances. This process is called a chemical reaction.
In a chemical reaction, one or more substances change into one or more different substances. During the reaction, the atoms of the original substances are rearranged to form other substances.
Th... | Read the underlined text carefully. Look for information about what happens to beeswax in this chemical reaction.
Candles can be made from beeswax, the substance bees use to build honeycombs. As a beeswax candle's string, or wick, burns, the wax melts and rises up the string. The wax combines with oxygen in the air, fo... |
Which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles? | [
"Solution B",
"Solution A",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 1 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each blue ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the blue particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles, look at both the number of blue particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of blue particles per milliliter.
... | |
Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Pacific Ocean. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Is building a fence a good or a service? | [
"a good",
"a service"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | economics | Economics | Goods and services | Everything you can buy is either a good or a service.
A good is something you can touch or hold in your hands. For example, a hammer is a good.
A service is a job you pay someone else to do. For example, cooking food in a restaurant is a service. | To decide whether building a fence is a good or a service, ask these questions:
Is building a fence something you can touch? No.
Is building a fence a job you might pay someone else to do? Yes.
So, building a fence is a service. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Austen's research on nineteenth-century philosophers led him down the rabbit hole. | [
"literature",
"the Bible"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion down the rabbit hole is literature.
Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland tells the story of a young girl who follows a white rabbit down a rabbit hole and finds herself in a series of adventures in a surreal world.
The allusion down the rabbit hole means on a strange or difficult ... | |
Is thread a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a gas",
"a liquid",
"a solid"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Classify matter as solid, liquid, or gas | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | Thread is a solid that can be bent or tangled. But it still has a size and shape of its own. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Russell said he would put in a good word for Maria with their boss, but she knew he had a reputation as a Benedict Arnold. | [
"U.S. history",
"a poem"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Gree... | The source of the allusion Benedict Arnold is U.S. history.
Benedict Arnold was an American officer who secretly aided the British during the American Revolution.
The allusion Benedict Arnold means a traitor. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Clare inherited this trait? | [
"Clare's parents have red hair. They passed down this trait to Clare.",
"Clare and her mother both wear their hair in braids."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Clare has red hair. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a car key? | [
"2 feet",
"2 inches"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 8 long. You might be thinking, 8 what? Is the pencil 8 inches long? 8 feet? 8 miles?
The number 8 on its own does not give you much information about the len... | The better estimate for the length of a car key is 2 inches.
2 feet is too long. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the solid. | [
"knife",
"vinegar",
"water droplets",
"water from a faucet"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify solids, liquids, and gases | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | Vinegar is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you pour vinegar into a different container, the vinegar will take the shape of that container. But the vinegar will still take up the same amount of space.
Water droplets are a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
My opponent argues that we should abolish the soda tax. It's a shame that he wants to encourage people to eat and drink unhealthily. I say we keep it. | [
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good",
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something",
"straw man: a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that the speaker's opponent wants to encourage unhealthy habits. However, this misrepresents the opponent's argument. The speaker's opponent only wants to remove the soda tax. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a straw man. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
relief - royal | [
"range",
"right"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since right is between the guide words relief - royal, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
wharf - wrestle | [
"window",
"wand"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since window is between the guide words wharf - wrestle, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Mrs. Griffith was overjoyed when she saw her granddaughter for the first time in two years.",
"When Mrs. Griffith saw her granddaughter for the first time in two years, she was overjoyed."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun she could refer to Mrs. Griffith or her granddaughter.
When Mrs. Griffith saw her granddaughter for the first time in two years, she was overjoyed.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has b... | |
Which of these continents does the prime meridian intersect? | [
"Antarctica",
"Asia",
"North America"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Use lines of latitude and longitude | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit... | The prime meridian is the line at 0° longitude. It intersects Antarctica. It does not intersect Asia or North America. | ||
Which material is this bicycle tire made of? | [
"porcelain",
"metal"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify multiple materials in objects | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
Some objects are made of just one material.
Most nails are made of metal.
Other objects are made of more than one material.
This hammer is made of metal and wood. | Look at the picture of the bicycle tire.
The bicycle tire is made of two different materials. The rim and spokes are made of metal. The rest of the tire is made of rubber. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the statement.
Benzene is (). | [
"an elementary substance",
"a compound"
] | 1 | Benzene is a chemical used to make plastic and styrofoam. The chemical formula for benzene is C6H6. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Classify elementary substances and compounds using chemical formulas | Every substance around you is made of one or more chemical elements, or types of atoms. Substances that are made of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own symbol. For s... | You can tell whether benzene is an elementary substance or a compound by counting the number of symbols in its chemical formula. A symbol contains either one capital letter or a capital letter followed by one or two lowercase letters.
The chemical formula for benzene is C6 H6. This formula contains two symbols: C for c... |
Complete the sentence.
Arctic foxes use their tails to (). | [
"hide food",
"keep warm",
"move around"
] | 1 | Read the first part of the passage about arctic foxes.
Arctic foxes live in very cold places. Their fur coats keep them warm.
Their tails help keep them warm, too. These foxes have big, bushy tails. They put their tails around their bodies when they go to sleep. | closed choice | grade1 | language science | reading-comprehension | Read-alone texts | Read passages about animals | The passage says the foxes put their tails around their bodies when they go to sleep. It also says the tails help keep them warm. | ||
Identify the question that Darnell's experiment can best answer. | [
"Can pennies hold more drops of water mixed with dish soap or water mixed with hand soap?",
"Can pennies hold more drops of pure water or water mixed with hand soap?"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Darnell used a dropper to put equal-sized drops of pure water, one at a time, onto a penny. The drops stayed together and formed a dome on the penny's surface. Darnell recorded the number of drops he could add before th... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear Dr. montoya,",
"Dear Dr. Montoya,"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The first greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Dr. Montoya is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the animal that does not have a backbone. | [
"shoebill",
"bull ant"
] | 1 | Hint: Insects, spiders, and worms do not have backbones. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify animals with and without backbones | Some animals have a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. An animal's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each animal's backbone is colored orange.
Other animals do not have a backbone. In fact, these animals don't have any bones! Some animals witho... | A bull ant is an insect. Like other insects, a bull ant does not have a backbone. It has a hard outer cover.
A shoebill is a bird. Like other birds, a shoebill has a backbone. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"Rattlesnakes are the most dangerous reptiles.",
"Rattlesnakes use their rattles to warn other animals."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Opinion writing | Distinguish facts from opinions | A fact is something that can be proved to be true.
The month of July has more days than the month of June.
This is a fact. It can be proved by looking at a calendar and counting the number of days in each month.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An opinion cannot be proved true.
July is ... | The second sentence states a fact.
Rattlesnakes use their rattles to warn other animals.
It can be proved by looking up information about rattlesnakes.
The first sentence states an opinion.
Rattlesnakes are the most dangerous reptiles.
Most dangerous shows what a person believes, thinks, or feels. Another person might ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Where Lexi lives, the air pressure is usually higher in the summer than in the winter. | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
Where Lexi lives, the air pressure is usually higher in the summer than in the winter.
Air pressure is caused by the weight of the air in the atmosphere. When the air pressure is high, the sky is usually clear.
This passage tells you about the usual pattern of air pressure where Lexi lives. It ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word reverse on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
radar - rubbish | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade4 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since reverse is between the guide words radar - rubbish, it would be found on that page. | |
Complete the text to describe the diagram.
Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium. | [
"to the right than to the left",
"to the left than to the right"
] | 1 | The diagram below shows a solution with one solute. Each solute particle is represented by a purple ball. The solution fills a closed container that is divided in half by a membrane. The membrane, represented by a dotted line, is permeable to the solute particles.
The diagram shows how the solution can change over time... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Diffusion across membranes | In a solution, solute particles move and spread throughout the solvent. The diagram below shows how a solution can change over time. Solute particles move from the area where they are at a higher concentration to the area where they are at a lower concentration. This movement happens through the process of diffusion.
A... | Look at the diagram again. It shows you how the solution changed during the process of diffusion.
Before the solute particles reached equilibrium, there were 3 solute particles on the left side of the membrane and 5 solute particles on the right side of the membrane.
When the solute particles reached equilibrium, there... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
The hum of the computer concerned Owen. Was the problem with the power supply or the hard drive? | [
"simile",
"onomatopoeia"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses onomatopoeia, a word that expresses a sound.
Hum represents the sound the computer was making. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Peter lives in a windy place. | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 0 | Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
Peter lives in a windy place.
This passage tells you about the usual amount of wind where Peter lives. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which bowl of oatmeal has more thermal energy? | [
"the hotter bowl of oatmeal",
"the colder bowl of oatmeal"
] | 0 | Two bowls of oatmeal are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | How are temperature and mass related to thermal energy? | Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. ... | The two bowls of oatmeal are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the hotter bowl of oatmeal has more thermal energy. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which object has the most thermal energy? | [
"a brownie at a temperature of 87°F",
"a brownie at a temperature of 82°F",
"a brownie at a temperature of 75°F"
] | 0 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ... | All three brownies have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 87°F brownie is the hottest, it has the most thermal energy. |
What is the capital of South Dakota? | [
"Sioux Falls",
"Rapid City",
"Bismarck",
"Pierre"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Pierre is the capital of South Dakota. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word does not rhyme? | [
"chair",
"blur",
"spur"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | phonological-awareness | Rhyming | Which word does not rhyme? | Rhyming words are words that end with the same sound.
The words tip and slip rhyme. They both end with the same sound.
The words meet and treat also rhyme. They both end with the same sound, even though the sound has two different spellings.
The words tip and meet don't rhyme. They end with different sounds. | The words spur and blur rhyme. They both end with the ur sound.
The word chair does not rhyme. It ends with a different sound. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Preston's '64 Impala groaned as he turned the ignition. Yet again he resolved to refurbish it over the summer. | [
"personification",
"metaphor"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses personification, giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
Preston's '64 Impala groaned describes the car as if it were human. | |
Which animal's skin is better adapted as a warning sign to ward off predators? | [
"sharpnose-puffer",
"peppered moth"
] | 0 | s have stinging cells in their brightly colored skin. The bright colors serve as a warning sign that the animal is toxic and dangerous. The 's skin is adapted to ward off predators.
Figure: Spanish shawl nudibranch. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the Spanish shawl nudibranch.
The Spanish shawl nudibranch has stinging cells in its brightly colored skin. Its skin is adapted to ward off predators. The bright colors serve as a warning sign that the Spanish shawl nudibranch is toxic and dangerous.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which anim... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the verbal irony in this text suggest?
"This is the best day of my life," Mr. Browning mumbled after his car broke down on the way to an important job interview. | [
"Mr. Browning liked fixing cars.",
"Mr. Browning was having a bad day."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking dow... | The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
The best day of my life ironically suggests that Mr. Browning was having a bad day. He was having the opposite of a good day because his car broke down when he needed to be on time. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes and shapes. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The smaller the magnets, the smaller the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnit... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of two birds. Which bird was moving at a higher speed? | [
"a bird that moved 45kilometers in 10hours",
"a bird that moved 25kilometers in 10hours"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects... | Look at the distance each bird moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One bird moved 45 kilometers in 10 hours.
The other bird moved 25 kilometers in 10 hours.
Notice that each bird spent the same amount of time moving. The bird that moved 45 kilometers moved a farther distance in that time. So, that bird mu... | |
Look at the models of molecules below. Select the elementary substance. | [
"silane",
"ethane",
"chlorine"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Identify elementary substances and compounds using models | There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are ... | |||
Which two months have the same average temperature in Portland? | [
"July and August",
"April and May",
"September and October"
] | 0 | Use the graph to answer the question below. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Use climate data to make predictions | To describe the average temperature trends in Portland, look at the graph.
Choice "Apr" is incorrect.
Choice "May" is incorrect.
Choice "Jul" is incorrect.
Choice "Aug" is incorrect.
Choice "Sep" is incorrect.
Choice "Oct" is incorrect.
Out of all the answer choices, only July and August have the same average temperatu... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Isabella decides to take a trip to Mississippi. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Isabella will save some money. Plane tickets for Isabella to get to Mississippi are less expensive than tickets to Montana.",
"Isabella will give up the chance to go to Montana. She would have enjoyed a trip to Montana more than Mississippi."
] | 1 | Isabella is deciding whether to take a trip to Montana or Mississippi. She wants to enjoy her trip. But she is also trying to save money. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Isabella wants or needs:
Isabella will give up the chance to go to Montana. She would have enjoyed a trip to Montana more than Mississippi. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word coat on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
clothes - curly | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade2 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since coat is between the guide words clothes - curly, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the idiom in this text suggest?
Hayley submitted her suggestions to Brett; now the ball is in his court. | [
"Brett needs to act next.",
"Brett feels like playing or relaxing, not working."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake. | The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.
The idiom the ball is in his court suggests that Brett needs to act next. In tennis, when the ball is in a player's court, it is that person's turn. | |
What is the capital of Massachusetts? | [
"Concord",
"Cambridge",
"Boston",
"Missoula"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Boston is the capital of Massachusetts. | |||
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the ... | |
What are rays? | [
"Rays are birds that swim in the water.",
"Rays are fish that do not have fins.",
"Rays are fish that are shaped like kites."
] | 2 | Read the first part of the passage about rays.
Rays are a kind of fish. But they do not look like other fish. Most rays are shaped like big, flat kites.
Rays have great big fins that look like wings. The fins help rays swim. Rays look like birds flying in the water. | closed choice | grade1 | language science | reading-comprehension | Read-alone texts | Read passages about animals | The passage says that rays are a kind of fish. It also says most rays are shaped like big, flat kites. So, rays are fish that are shaped like kites. | ||
Which bird's beak is also adapted to get nectar out of long flowers? | [
"puffin",
"purple honeycreeper"
] | 1 | Bronzy sunbirds live in the coastal and hilly areas of Southern Africa. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers.
Figure: bronzy sunbird. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ... | Look at the picture of the bronzy sunbird.
The bronzy sunbird has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The bronzy sunbird's long, thin beak can reach deep into the flowers.
Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation.
The purple honeycreeper has a long, thi... | |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A",
"sample B"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. The particles in sample B also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is there a surplus or a shortage of washing machines? | [
"shortage",
"surplus"
] | 0 | A store has 20 washing machines for sale. The machines cost $600 each. At that price, 30 people want to buy one. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Identify shortage and surplus | There is a surplus if there is too much for sale at a given price.
There is a shortage if there is not enough for sale at a given price.
Surpluses and shortages usually happen when people who are selling goods or services charge too much or too little.
When the price is too high, consumers will not want to buy much of ... | At the current price, there are not enough washing machines for sale. There are 20 machines for sale, but 30 people want to buy one.
So, there is a shortage of washing machines. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the solid. | [
"air inside a basketball",
"water droplets",
"grape juice",
"stuffed rabbit"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify solids, liquids, and gases | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | The air inside a basketball is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space. The air fills all the space inside the basketball. If air leaks out, it will expand into the space around the ball.
A stuffed rabbit is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. When you hold a stuffed rabbit in your hands, the stuffed rabbit ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentences.
The American people have the rights listed in the Constitution. The Ninth Amendment says that if the Constitution doesn't list a right, that right (). | [
"might still exist",
"does not exist"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | civics | Government | The Bill of Rights | The American people have the rights listed in the Constitution. The Ninth Amendment says that if the Constitution doesn't list a right, that right might still exist. The Bill of Rights lists some rights. But it is not meant to be a complete list of all rights. The full text of the Ninth Amendment is below. The enumerat... | ||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Papua New Guinea",
"New Zealand",
"Solomon Islands",
"Australia"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Australia.
Is Australia a country or a continent?
Both! Australia is a country in Oceania, a region made up of many lands and islands in the Pacific Ocean. Many people say that Australia is the world's smallest continent. But some people call Oceania a continent instead. | |||
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
What is the capital of Louisiana? | [
"Baton Rouge",
"Austin",
"Boston",
"Nampa"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Baton Rouge is the capital of Louisiana. | |||
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Maine",
"Massachusetts",
"Alabama",
"Virginia"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Virginia.
The Virginia Colony included land that would later become part of the state of West Virginia. West Virginia was never its own colony. | |||
What is the capital of Vermont? | [
"Montpelier",
"Trenton",
"Providence",
"Albany"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Montpelier is the capital of Vermont. | |||
Which animal's limbs are also adapted for climbing trees? | [
"California sea lion",
"chimpanzee"
] | 1 | White-cheeked gibbons live in the forests of Southeast Asia. Their limbs are adapted for climbing trees.
Figure: white-cheeked gibbon. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For examp... | Look at the picture of the white-cheeked gibbon.
The white-cheeked gibbon uses its long limbs to reach branches while climbing. It uses its fingers and toes to grab the branches.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The chimpanzee has long, powerful limbs. Its limbs are adapted for... | |
Select the chemical formula for this molecule. | [
"CH4",
"CH",
"ClH4",
"H"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Match chemical formulas to ball-and-stick models | Every substance around you is made up of atoms. Atoms can link together to form molecules. The links between atoms in a molecule are called chemical bonds. Different molecules are made up of different chemical elements, or types of atoms, bonded together.
Scientists use both ball-and-stick models and chemical formulas ... | C is the symbol for carbon. H is the symbol for hydrogen. This ball-and-stick model shows a molecule with one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms.
The chemical formula will contain the symbols C and H. There is one carbon atom, so C will not have a subscript. There are four hydrogen atoms, so H will have a subscript of... | ||
Is an antler a mineral? | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 | An antler has the following properties:
not a pure substance
naturally occurring
solid
body part of a deer
no fixed crystal structure | yes or no | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify rocks and minerals | Properties are used to identify different substances. Minerals have the following properties:
It is a solid.
It is formed in nature.
It is not made by organisms.
It is a pure substance.
It has a fixed crystal structure.
If a substance has all five of these properties, then it is a mineral.
Look closely at the last thre... | An antler does not have all the properties of a mineral. So, an antler is not a mineral. | |
Identify the question that Greta's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do circuits that include iron produce dimmer light than circuits that include copper?",
"Can light bulbs stay lit longer when circuits include copper or when circuits include iron?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Greta built an electric circuit: she used wires to connect a battery to a light bulb, the light bulb to a small piece of copper, and the copper back to the battery. When the circuit was complete, the light turned on. Gr... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
What is the capital of Oregon? | [
"Portland",
"Salem",
"Tulsa",
"Honolulu"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Salem is the capital of Oregon. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Felicia's phenotype for the fur type trait? | [
"ff",
"curly fur"
] | 1 | In a group of cats, some individuals have straight fur and others have curly fur. In this group, the gene for the fur type trait has two alleles. The allele F is for straight fur, and the allele f is for curly fur.
Felicia, a cat from this group, has curly fur. Felicia has two alleles for curly fur. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Felicia's observable version of the fur type trait is curly fur. So, Felicia's phenotype for the fur type trait is curly fur. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The heavy door () as Arianna pushed it open. | [
"creaked",
"protested"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the word protested. It describes the door as if it were a person who didn't want to obey. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word does not rhyme? | [
"bag",
"dug",
"mug"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | phonological-awareness | Rhyming | Which word does not rhyme? | Rhyming words are words that end with the same sound.
The words tip and slip rhyme. They both end with the same sound.
The words meet and treat also rhyme. They both end with the same sound, even though the sound has two different spellings.
The words tip and meet don't rhyme. They end with different sounds. | The words mug and dug rhyme. They both end with the ug sound.
The word bag does not rhyme. It ends with a different sound. | |
Which statement describes the Steigerwald Forest ecosystem? | [
"It has many different types of trees.",
"It has only a few types of trees.",
"It has soil that is poor in nutrients."
] | 1 | Figure: Steigerwald Forest.
The Steigerwald Forest is a temperate deciduous forest ecosystem in Bavaria, a state in southern Germany. This forest has many oak and beech trees. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A temperate deciduous forest is a type of ecosystem. Temperate deciduous forests have the following features: warm, wet summers and cold, wet winters, soil that is rich in nutrients, and only a few types of trees. So, the following statement describes the Steigerwald Forest ecosystem: warm, wet summers and cold, wet wi... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a complete sentence? | [
"That awful noise from the large factory.",
"The dry dirt absorbs the rain."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb.
Knows the answer.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subj... | The dry dirt absorbs the rain is a complete sentence. The subject is the dry dirt, and the verb is absorbs. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Don't be deceived by Amy Pena's articles on rural, blue-collar workers. Her husband is a fancy investment banker, so she can't possibly understand their situation. | [
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good",
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something",
"bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Amy Pena can't understand rural, blue-collar workers because she is associated with an urban newspaper. However, where Amy works doesn't necessarily indicate anything about her ability to empathize. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as guilt by association. | |
Select the fish below. | [
"keel-billed toucan",
"goldfish"
] | 1 | Fish live underwater. They have fins, not limbs. A clownfish is an example of a fish. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A keel-billed toucan is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.
A goldfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Chloe has a scar on her left elbow. | [
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Investors should have seen the writing on the wall. | [
"a fairy tale",
"the Bible"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion the writing on the wall is the Bible.
In the Bible, Daniel accurately translates mysterious writing that appears on a wall, and in doing so, he predicts the death of a king.
The allusion the writing on the wall means a clear indication of how something will turn out. | |
Which material is this toilet plunger made of? | [
"linen",
"rubber"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify multiple materials in objects | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
Some objects are made of just one material.
Most nails are made of metal.
Other objects are made of more than one material.
This hammer is made of metal and wood. | Look at the picture of the toilet plunger.
The toilet plunger is made of two different materials. The handle is made of wood, and the head is made of rubber.
Rubber is a good material for a toilet plunger because it is flexible. The plunger can bend to the shape of the toilet. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is this fish's phenotype for the body color trait? | [
"a greenish-brown body",
"a pink body"
] | 0 | In a group of Nile tilapia fish, some individuals have a greenish-brown body and others have a pink body. In this group, the gene for the body color trait has two alleles. The allele for a greenish-brown body (B) is dominant over the allele for a pink body (b).
A certain Nile tilapia fish from this group has the homozy... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | The Nile tilapia fish's genotype for the body color gene is BB. The Nile tilapia fish's genotype of BB has only B allelles. The B allele is for a greenish-brown body. So, the Nile tilapia fish's phenotype for the body color trait must be a greenish-brown body.
To check this answer, consider whether the Nile tilapia fis... |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the statement. Assume that Tony's mass did not change.
The gravitational potential energy stored between Tony and Earth () as he rode the escalator. | [
"stayed the same",
"decreased",
"increased"
] | 2 | Read the text about a person in motion.
Tony rode an escalator from the first floor to the second floor of a shopping mall. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Kinetic and potential energy | Identify changes in gravitational potential energy | Gravitational potential energy is stored between any two objects. So, for every object on or near Earth, there is gravitational potential energy stored between the object and Earth.
The amount of gravitational potential energy stored between an object and Earth depends on the mass of the object. The amount of gravitati... | Think about how the distance between Tony and the center of Earth changed.
The second floor is higher than the first floor. As he rode the escalator toward the second floor, the distance between Tony and the center of Earth increased. So, the gravitational potential energy stored between Tony and Earth increased as he ... |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.