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What is the capital of Wisconsin? | [
"Columbus",
"Milwaukee",
"Madison",
"Green Bay"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Madison is the capital of Wisconsin. | |||
What is the capital of Louisiana? | [
"Baton Rouge",
"New Orleans",
"Richmond",
"Jefferson City"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Baton Rouge is the capital of Louisiana. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the mass of an elephant? | [
"3 tons",
"3 ounces",
"3 pounds"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or ton... | The best estimate for the mass of an elephant is 3 tons.
3 ounces and 3 pounds are both too light. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Cindy acquired this trait? | [
"Cindy knits sweaters using cotton, wool, and other types of yarn.",
"Cindy learned how to knit in an after school program."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Cindy knows how to knit sweaters. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
"Jamaica",
"Saint Lucia",
"Grenada"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Saint Lucia. | |||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Tonga",
"Tuvalu",
"Vanuatu",
"Fiji"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Tonga. | |||
Which of these states is farthest north? | [
"Wyoming",
"Arkansas",
"Pennsylvania",
"Minnesota"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Minnesota is farthest north. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
I've heard that Gwen & Co. is downsizing, so I'm happy to see that their store in downtown Greenville will remain open for now. | [
"paradox",
"euphemism"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses a euphemism, a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
Downsizing is an indirect way of saying that the company is planning on firing employees, closing shops or branches, and/or reducing its budget. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the living thing. | [
"sea star",
"backpack",
"the Statue of Liberty",
"iceberg"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify living and nonliving things | All living things are made up of cells. Plants, animals, and some fungi have many cells. Other living things are made up of just one cell.
All living things need food and water. Water helps living things break down food and remove waste. Food gives living things energy. They use energy from food to grow and change.
All... | A backpack is not a living thing.
Backpacks do not have all of the traits of living things. They do not grow or respond to their environment. They do not need food or water.
A sea star is a living thing.
Sea stars grow and respond to their environment. They need food and water. Sea stars are made up of many cells.
Sea ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Read the following excerpt from a student essay. How can the writer best improve his or her academic voice?
The Hubble Space Telescope, named for twentieth-century American astronomer Edwin Hubble, is an awesome telescope. NASA began building the telescope in 1977 after Congress gave the go-ahead on the project. In 199... | [
"by avoiding generalizations",
"by using active voice",
"by using consistently formal language"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Editing and revising | Suggest appropriate revisions | During peer review, you read and respond to a fellow student's writing. While there are many methods and strategies that you can use for reviewing a text, it is generally helpful to frame your suggestions in concrete and constructive ways and to consider the following areas for revision:
Ideas and development: Does the... | The writer could best improve his or her academic voice by using consistently formal language.
For example, the writer could replace the underlined phrases with more formal ones, such as remarkable, launched into, authorized, and excellent.
The Hubble Space Telescope, named for twentieth-century American astronomer Edw... | |
Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"Utah",
"New Hampshire",
"New York",
"Minnesota"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Utah is farthest south. | ||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample B",
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature"
] | 0 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample B have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sampl... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which type of sentence is this?
Joe took several incredible panoramic photographs of the sweeping view from the top of Table Mountain. | [
"compound-complex",
"compound",
"simple",
"complex"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is simple. It is a single independent clause.
Joe took several incredible panoramic photographs of the sweeping view from the top of Table Mountain. | |
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
The volume of Saturn is more than ten times the volume of Uranus. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 1 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation.
For ex... | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of ten times the volume of Uranus.
Then compare the result to the volume of Saturn. The volume of Saturn is 8.27 x 10^14 km^3, which is greater than 6.83 x 10^14 km^3. So, the volume of Saturn is more than ten times the volume of Uranus. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, nitrogen is a (). | [
"product",
"reactant"
] | 1 | This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
Did you know that lightning helps provide nutrients to plants on Earth? When lightning strikes, the air around it becomes extremely hot. This leads to the formation of nitric oxide from the nitrogen and oxygen gases in th... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Identify reactants and products | A chemical change occurs when new substances are formed from existing substances. This process is called a chemical reaction.
In a chemical reaction, one or more substances change into one or more different substances. During the reaction, the atoms of the original substances are rearranged to form other substances.
Th... | Read the underlined text carefully. Look for information about what happens to nitrogen in this chemical reaction.
Did you know that lightning helps provide nutrients to plants on Earth? When lightning strikes, the air around it becomes extremely hot. This leads to the formation of nitric oxide from the nitrogen and ox... |
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the idiom in this text suggest?
Erica has a lot on her plate: she is attending college, has a full-time job as a waitress, and volunteers at the animal shelter. | [
"Erica has many responsibilities.",
"Erica has worked up an appetite."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret the figure of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake. | The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.
The idiom a lot on her plate suggests that Erica has many responsibilities. If you have a lot on your plate, you are busy with many different obligations. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Answer the riddle.
I can be inside or outside.
I am full of water.
You can swim in me.
What am I? | [
"a pool",
"rain"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade1 | language science | vocabulary | Comprehension strategies | What am I? | A pool can be inside or outside.
A pool is full of water.
You can swim in a pool. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a compound sentence? | [
"Grandma might sell the painting, or she might give it away.",
"Fresh English peas are delicious with butter and salt."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple or compound? | A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.
The pitcher threw the ball to first base.
A compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
The pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.
Some simple sentences have a compound subject or ... | The second sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two simple sentences joined by a comma and the conjunction or.
Grandma might sell the painting, or she might give it away. | |
Is conglomerate a mineral or a rock? | [
"rock",
"mineral"
] | 0 | Conglomerate has the following properties:
naturally occurring
no fixed crystal structure
made up of mud, sand, and pebbles
not made by living things
solid
not a pure substance | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify rocks and minerals | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed cry... | The properties of conglomerate match the properties of a rock. So, conglomerate is a rock. | |
Is the air inside a tire a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a solid",
"a liquid",
"a gas"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Classify matter as solid, liquid, or gas | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | The air inside a tire is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space.
The air in a tire expands to fill all the space inside the tire. If air leaks out, it will expand into the space around the tire. | ||
Which property matches this object? | [
"hard",
"transparent"
] | 0 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
You can see clearly through a transparent object. The ceramic plate is not transparent.
A hard object does not change shape when pressed or squeezed. The ceramic plate is hard. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"The Venus flytrap's pink-and-green leaves make the plant look like an alien species.",
"The Venus flytrap's two-lobed leaves snap shut when they come in contact with prey."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Distinguish facts from opinions | Statements of fact make claims that are based on research, observation, or experimentation. Facts can be proved with evidence.
Napoleon Bonaparte was shorter than King Louis XVI.
This statement is a fact. The statement can be verified by researching and comparing the height of each man.
Statements of opinion make claim... | The second sentence states a fact. It can be verified by looking up how the Venus flytrap captures its prey.
The Venus flytrap's two-lobed leaves snap shut when they come in contact with prey.
The first sentence states an opinion. Look like an alien species indicates a personal judgment.
The Venus flytrap's pink-and-gr... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which correctly shows the title of a movie? | [
"Back to the Future",
"Back to the future"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | capitalization | Formatting | Capitalizing titles | In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or | Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The words to and the are not important, so they should not be capitalized.
The correct title is Back to the Future. | |
Select the organism in the same species as the barn owl. | [
"Ardea cinerea",
"Strix varia",
"Tyto alba"
] | 2 | This organism is a barn owl. Its scientific name is Tyto alba. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A barn owl's scientific name is Tyto alba.
Strix varia does not have the same scientific name as a barn owl. So, Tyto alba and Strix varia are not in the same species.
Ardea cinerea does not have the same scientific name as a barn owl. So, Tyto alba and Ardea cinerea are not in the same species.
Tyto alba has the same ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Otto's phenotype for the fur length trait? | [
"short fur",
"FF"
] | 0 | In a group of dogs, some individuals have short fur and others have long fur. In this group, the gene for the fur length trait has two alleles. The allele F is for short fur, and the allele f is for long fur.
Otto, a dog from this group, has short fur. Otto has two alleles for short fur. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Otto's observable version of the fur length trait is short fur. So, Otto's phenotype for the fur length trait is short fur. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Adapted from Robert Southey, "The Legend of Bishop Hatto" and from John Gould Fletcher, "London Excursion" | [
"The summer and autumn had been so wet,\nThat in winter the corn was growing yet:\n'Twas a sorrowful sight to see, all around,\nThe grain lie rotting on the ground.",
"Black shapes bending,\nTaxicabs crush in the crowd.\nThe tops are each a shining square\nShuttles that steadily press through woolly fabric."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | reading-comprehension | Poetry elements | Identify elements of poetry | Poetry is a special kind of writing. It has many elements that make it different from ordinary writing. Knowing these elements can help you talk about poetry, understand it better, and enjoy it more.
A poem rhymes when it has a pattern of words that end in the same sound.
End rhyme is when the rhymes appear at the end ... | This poem uses end rhyme. Its rhymes come at the end of its lines.
That in winter the corn was growing yet:
The grain lie rotting on the ground. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the statement. Assume that the water balloon's mass did not change.
The gravitational potential energy stored between the water balloon and Earth () as the water balloon fell toward Ben. | [
"increased",
"decreased",
"stayed the same"
] | 1 | Read the text about an object in motion.
Kari dropped a water balloon off a balcony. The water balloon fell toward her friend Ben, who was standing below the balcony. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Kinetic and potential energy | Identify changes in gravitational potential energy | Gravitational potential energy is stored between any two objects. So, for every object on or near Earth, there is gravitational potential energy stored between the object and Earth.
The amount of gravitational potential energy stored between an object and Earth depends on the mass of the object. The amount of gravitati... | Think about how the distance between the water balloon and the center of Earth changed.
Ben was lower than the balcony. As the water balloon fell toward Ben, the distance between the water balloon and the center of Earth decreased. So, the gravitational potential energy stored between the water balloon and Earth decrea... |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Nutmeg's phenotype for the fur length trait? | [
"long fur",
"short fur"
] | 0 | In a group of Syrian hamsters, some individuals have short fur and others have long fur. In this group, the gene for the fur length trait has two alleles. The allele for long fur (f) is recessive to the allele for short fur (F).
Nutmeg is a Syrian hamster from this group. Nutmeg has the homozygous genotype ff for the f... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | Nutmeg's genotype for the fur length gene is ff. Nutmeg's genotype of ff has only f alleles. The f allele is for long fur. So, Nutmeg's phenotype for the fur length trait must be long fur.
To check this answer, consider whether Nutmeg's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for long fur (f) is recessive to the ... |
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
Gordon campaigned tirelessly in support of his neighbor's bid for elective office. | [
"declarative",
"interrogative",
"exclamatory"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement and always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An imperative sentence makes a request or a demand and usually ends with a period. If a demand shows strong feeling, it can ... | The sentence is a statement and ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence. | |
What is the direction of this pull? | [
"toward the center of Earth",
"away from the center of Earth"
] | 0 | Raindrops fall from the sky. The force of Earth's gravity pulls them to the ground. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Identify directions of forces | A force is a push or a pull that one object applies to another. Every force has a direction.
The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing.
The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling. | The force of Earth's gravity pulls the raindrops downward. The direction of the pull is toward the center of Earth. | |
Which animal's skin is also adapted for survival in cold places? | [
"hairy armadillo",
"polar bear"
] | 1 | Arctic wolves live in the Canadian Arctic and Greenland. The 's skin is adapted to help the animal survive in cold places.
Figure: Arctic wolf. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the Arctic wolf.
The Arctic wolf has thick fur covering its skin. Its skin is adapted for survival in cold places. The Arctic wolf uses its fur to keep warm in cold weather.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The polar bear has skin with thick fur on top an... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Becky inherited this trait? | [
"Becky's parents have red hair. They passed down this trait to Becky.",
"Becky and her mother both wear their hair in braids."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Becky has red hair. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Antigua and Barbuda",
"Jamaica",
"Grenada",
"Trinidad and Tobago"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Trinidad and Tobago. | |||
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Delaware",
"Georgia",
"Massachusetts",
"New York"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Delaware. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word terribly in its traditional sense? | [
"Tanvi made escargots using the small snails from her garden. She prepared them according to the recipe but found the chewy texture terribly disappointing.",
"Tanvi decided to make escargots using the small snails from her garden, but she prepared them terribly. Since she'd forgotten to add garlic, the taste was ... | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses terribly in its traditional sense: in a terrible manner.
Tanvi decided to make escargots using the small snails from her garden, but she prepared them terribly. Since she'd forgotten to add garlic, the taste was disappointing.
The second text uses terribly in its nontraditional sense: extremely; ver... | |
Complete the text to describe the diagram.
Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium. | [
"to the left than to the right",
"to the right than to the left"
] | 1 | The diagram below shows a solution with one solute. Each solute particle is represented by a purple ball. The solution fills a closed container that is divided in half by a membrane. The membrane, represented by a dotted line, is permeable to the solute particles.
The diagram shows how the solution can change over time... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Diffusion across membranes | In a solution, solute particles move and spread throughout the solvent. The diagram below shows how a solution can change over time. Solute particles move from the area where they are at a higher concentration to the area where they are at a lower concentration. This movement happens through the process of diffusion.
A... | Look at the diagram again. It shows you how the solution changed during the process of diffusion.
Before the solute particles reached equilibrium, there were 4 solute particles on the left side of the membrane and 2 solute particles on the right side of the membrane.
When the solute particles reached equilibrium, there... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a sentence fragment? | [
"Dave pasted a nice picture of himself on the paper.",
"Changed his clothes and washed his face."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb.
Knows the answer.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subj... | Changed his clothes and washed his face is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subject. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Edward has a scar on his left leg. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | Hint: Most scars are caused by accidents during a person's life. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the prairie grassland ecosystem. | [
"This ecosystem has:\nhot summers and cool winters\na medium amount of rain\nsoil that is rich in nutrients",
"This ecosystem has:\nlong, cold winters and short, cold summers\nmostly small plants\nsoil that is frozen year-round",
"This ecosystem has:\nyear-round rain and warm temperatures\nsoil that is poor in ... | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Identify ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A prairie grassland is a type of ecosystem. It has hot summers and cool winters, a medium amount of rain, and soil that is rich in nutrients.
Choice 1 is a prairie grassland ecosystem. It has hot summers with some rain and cool winters with some snow.
Choice 2 is a tropical rain forest ecosystem. It has year-round rain... | |
Which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles? | [
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A",
"Solution B"
] | 2 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each purple ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the purple particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles, look at both the number of purple particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of purple particles per mill... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Ellie anticipated that the free makeover her friend was promising would turn out to be a Trojan horse. | [
"British history",
"Greek mythology"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Trojan horse is Greek mythology.
In Greek mythology, the Greek army tricks the Trojan army into taking a large wooden horse into their carefully guarded city. The horse turns out to be filled with Greek warriors who, once inside the city of Troy, open the gates to the Greek army waiting outsi... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Trudy inherited this trait? | [
"Some people use a hair dryer to straighten their hair. But Trudy and her brothers have naturally straight hair.",
"Both of Trudy's biological parents have naturally black hair.",
"When she was younger, Trudy wore ribbons in her naturally black hair."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Trudy has naturally black hair. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
period - proper | [
"put",
"plank"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since plank is between the guide words period - proper, it would be found on that page. | |
What is the capital of Vermont? | [
"Raleigh",
"Burlington",
"Montpelier",
"Providence"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Montpelier is the capital of Vermont. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a guitar? | [
"30 yards",
"30 inches"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 8 long. You might be thinking, 8 what? Is the pencil 8 inches long? 8 feet? 8 miles?
The number 8 on its own does not give you much information about the len... | The better estimate for the length of a guitar is 30 inches.
30 yards is too long. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Ivan got off the mountain by the skin of his teeth. | [
"the Bible",
"a movie"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion by the skin of his teeth is the Bible.
In the Bible, Job complains to God about his hardships, saying that both strangers and those he loves have turned against him. He says, "My bone cleaveth to my skin and to my flesh, and I am escaped with the skin of my teeth." Scholars have long debated ... | |
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
Jupiter's volume is more than 1,000 times that of Earth. | [
"true",
"false"
] | 0 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation.
For ex... | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of 1,000 times the volume of Earth.
Then compare the result to the volume of Jupiter. The volume of Jupiter is 1.43 x 10^15 km^3, which is more than 1.08 x 10^15 km^3. So, Jupiter's volume is more than 1,000 times that of Earth. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the mass of a skateboard? | [
"2 grams",
"2 kilograms"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of a skateboard is 2 kilograms.
2 grams is too light. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the allusion in this text suggest?
When Wendy claimed she had loaded the dishwasher before turning on Dancing with the Stars, her mother replied, "Your nose is growing!" | [
"Wendy was goofy.",
"Wendy was lying."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked. | The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.
The allusion nose is growing suggests that Wendy was lying. In the story of Pinocchio, when Pinocchio lies, his nose grows longer. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Daniel inherited this trait? | [
"Daniel's biological parents have freckles on their noses just as Daniel does.",
"Daniel and his biological mother have pale skin.",
"Daniel has freckles on his nose and shoulders."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Daniel has freckles. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Which of these states is farthest north? | [
"Arkansas",
"New Mexico",
"Kansas",
"New York"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. New York is farthest north. | ||
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Vermont",
"Ohio",
"North Carolina",
"Massachusetts"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | us-history | English colonies in North America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is North Carolina. | |||
Is the air inside your lungs a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a liquid",
"a gas",
"a solid"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify and sort solids, liquids, and gases | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | The air inside your lungs is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space.
When you breathe air in, it fills all the space inside your lungs. When you breathe out, the air expands into the space around you. | ||
Which continent is highlighted? | [
"Europe",
"Antarctica",
"North America",
"Africa"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Oceans and continents | Identify oceans and continents | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. | This continent is North America. | ||
Which of these states is farthest east? | [
"Washington",
"Oklahoma",
"Nevada",
"Montana"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Oklahoma is farthest east. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word pea on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
paid - powder | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade8 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since pea is between the guide words paid - powder, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Tessa investigate with an experiment? | [
"Does milk chocolate or dark chocolate melt faster when heated on the stove?",
"Does dark chocolate or white chocolate melt faster when heated on the stove?",
"Does milk chocolate melt faster when heated in a microwave or on a stove?"
] | 0 | Tessa leaves some chocolates in her jacket pocket. When she finds the chocolates later, she notices that some of them have melted. She wonders what factors affect how quickly chocolate melts. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available:
one bar of milk chocolate
one bar of dark cho... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
What is the probability that a Labrador retriever produced by this cross will be heterozygous for the fur color gene? | [
"3/4",
"2/4",
"4/4",
"0/4",
"1/4"
] | 2 | In a group of Labrador retrievers, some individuals have black fur and others have brown fur. In this group, the gene for the fur color trait has two alleles. The allele for black fur (F) is dominant over the allele for brown fur (f).
This Punnett square shows a cross between two Labrador retrievers. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate probabilities of offspring types | Offspring genotypes: homozygous or heterozygous?
How do you determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for a gene? Look at the alleles in the organism's genotype for that gene.
An organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene.
If both alleles are dominant, the organism is h... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Chloe investigate with an experiment? | [
"Will eight ounces of carbonated water or eight ounces of tap water get warmer when placed in a jar in the sun?",
"When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a glass jar or eight ounces of water in a plastic cup get warmer?",
"When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a closed jar or eigh... | 2 | Chloe leaves a glass jar of cold tea outside in full sunlight. When she goes to get it, she notices that the tea is warm. She wonders what factors affect how warm a liquid gets from sitting in the sunlight. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available:
two identical glass jars
two j... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word are on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
alarm - avenge | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade5 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since are is between the guide words alarm - avenge, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear Dr. yang,",
"Dear Dr. Yang,"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The first greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Dr. Yang is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one substance that is not a mineral. | [
"Sphalerite is a pure substance. It is not made by living things.",
"Steel is made in a factory. It is not a pure substance.",
"Pyrite is formed in nature. It is not made by living things."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify minerals using properties | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed cry... | Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals.
Steel is made in a factory. But all minerals are formed in nature.
Steel is not a pure substance. But all minerals are pure substances.
So, steel is not a mineral.
Pyrite is a mi... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of two motorboats. Which motorboat was moving at a higher speed? | [
"a motorboat that moved 440miles in 10hours",
"a motorboat that moved 430miles in 10hours"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects movi... | Look at the distance each motorboat moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One motorboat moved 440 miles in 10 hours.
The other motorboat moved 430 miles in 10 hours.
Notice that each motorboat spent the same amount of time moving. The motorboat that moved 440 miles moved a farther distance in that time. So,... | |
Which of the following could Donald's test show? | [
"how well the weather station would work when it was windy",
"if the weather station would work when the temperature was 50°C"
] | 1 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"sincerely,\nDustin",
"Sincerely,\nDustin"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
The dense crowd began to part like the Red Sea. | [
"the Bible",
"a fairy tale"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion part like the Red Sea is the Bible.
In the Bible, Moses parts the Red Sea with his staff, forming a clear, dry path for his people to walk along as they escape from Egypt.
The allusion part like the Red Sea means to open up a path. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is smoother? | [
"burlap sack",
"silver ring"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Smooth is a property. A smooth material is not rough or bumpy.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the silver ring is smoother. If you touch a silver ring, it will not feel rough or bumpy. | |
Which property do these two objects have in common? | [
"breakable",
"stretchy"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. Both objects are stretchy.
A breakable object will break into pieces if you drop it. The wool hat is not breakable.
The property that both objects have in common is stretchy. | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of three sailboats. Which sailboat was moving at the highest speed? | [
"a sailboat that moved 90miles west in 10hours",
"a sailboat that moved 105miles south in 10hours",
"a sailboat that moved 35miles south in 10hours"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects moving f... | Look at the distance each sailboat moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each sailboat moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each sailboat moved for 10 hours. The sailboat that moved 105 miles moved the farthest distance in that time. So, that sailboat must have moved at the highest spe... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long does it take to drink a small glass of water? | [
"45 seconds",
"45 hours"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose units of time | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the... | The better estimate for how long it takes to drink a small glass of water is 45 seconds.
45 hours is too slow. |
Select the organism in the same genus as the European wildcat. | [
"Lynx lynx",
"Lynx canadensis",
"Felis chaus"
] | 2 | This organism is a European wildcat. Its scientific name is Felis silvestris. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A European wildcat's scientific name is Felis silvestris. The first word of its scientific name is Felis.
Lynx lynx is in the genus Lynx. The first word of its scientific name is Lynx. So, Lynx lynx and Felis silvestris are not in the same genus.
Felis chaus is in the genus Felis. The first word of its scientific name ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the animal that does not have a backbone. | [
"atlas moth",
"salt water crocodile"
] | 0 | Hint: Insects, spiders, and worms do not have backbones. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify animals with and without backbones | Some animals have a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. An animal's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each animal's backbone is colored orange.
Other animals do not have a backbone. In fact, these animals don't have any bones! Some animals witho... | An atlas moth is an insect. Like other insects, an atlas moth does not have a backbone. It has a hard outer cover.
A salt water crocodile is a reptile. Like other reptiles, a salt water crocodile has a backbone. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Bryant acquired this trait? | [
"Bryant learned how to knit in an after school program.",
"Bryant knits sweaters using cotton, wool, and other types of yarn."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Bryant knows how to knit sweaters. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
sewing an apron
mixing sand and water | [
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Sewing an apron is a physical change. The fabric and thread that make up the apron get a new shape, but the type of matter in each of them does not change.
Mixing sand and water is a physical change. Adding water makes the sand wet. But both the sand and water are still made of the same... | |
Select the amphibian below. | [
"red-eyed tree frog",
"bison"
] | 0 | Amphibians have moist skin and begin their lives in water. An American toad is an example of an amphibian. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A bison is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk.
A red-eyed tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. | |
Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles? | [
"Solution A",
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution B"
] | 2 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each green ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per millilit... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Lillian inherited this trait? | [
"Lillian's parents have red hair. They passed down this trait to Lillian.",
"Lillian and her mother both wear their hair in braids."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Lillian has red hair. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Thanks to her enduring popularity with employees, Mia Durham is the best-liked CEO in our company's history. | [
"false causation: the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other",
"circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Mia Durham is well-liked, because she's popular. However, the "evidence" is just a restatement of the claim itself. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as circular reasoning. | |
Which month is the hottest on average in Cape Town? | [
"December, January, February, and March",
"June, July, and August",
"April, May, and November"
] | 0 | Use the graph to answer the question below. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Use climate data to make predictions | Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Temperature is one type of climate data. Scientists collect data over many years. They can use this data to calculate the average temperature for each month. The average temperature can be used to describe the climate of a location.
A line graph can be used t... | To describe the average temperature trends in Cape Town, look at the graph.
Choice "Feb" is incorrect.
Choice "Mar" is incorrect.
Choice "Apr" is incorrect.
Choice "May" is incorrect.
Choice "Jun" is incorrect.
Choice "Jul" is incorrect.
Choice "Aug" is incorrect.
Choice "Nov" is incorrect.
Choice "Dec" is incorrect.
C... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Cassie has a scar on her left hand. | [
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 0 | Hint: Most scars are caused by accidents during a person's life. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the living thing. | [
"the Statue of Liberty",
"hair dryer",
"viper",
"piano"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify living and nonliving things | All living things are made up of cells. Plants, animals, and some fungi have many cells. Other living things are made up of just one cell.
All living things need food and water. Water helps living things break down food and remove waste. Food gives living things energy. They use energy from food to grow and change.
All... | A hair dryer is not a living thing.
A hair dryer does not have all the traits of a living thing. It uses electricity to make heat and noise, but it does not grow. It does not need food or water.
The Statue of Liberty is not a living thing.
The Statue of Liberty is shaped like a person. But it does not have all the trai... | |
Which animal's limbs are also adapted for swimming? | [
"nine-banded armadillo",
"bottlenose dolphin"
] | 1 | Harbor seals live along the coasts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. They spend a lot of time hunting fish at sea.
The has four flippers for limbs. Its limbs are adapted for swimming.
Figure: harbor seal. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For examp... | Look at the picture of the harbor seal.
The harbor seal uses its flippers to push itself through water. The flippers can also help it change direction while swimming.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The bottlenose dolphin has flippers. Its limbs are adapted for swimming.
The n... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
I had no idea you played the piano so beautifully! | [
"interrogative",
"exclamatory",
"declarative"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming... | The sentence tells about something, but it shows strong feeling and ends with an exclamation point. It is an exclamatory sentence. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a smaller distance between magnets, the magni... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word float on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
forget - front | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade2 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since float is not between the guide words forget - front, it would not be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Assume all other forces on Owen are balanced. Which statement describes the forces on Owen? | [
"The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Owen.",
"The forces are balanced, so there is no net force on Owen."
] | 1 | Owen is standing on a diving board at the pool. Earth's gravity is pulling down on Owen with a force of 400N. The diving board is pushing up on Owen with a force of 400N. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Balanced and unbalanced forces | A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object. Every force has a direction and a magnitude, or strength. If two forces act on an object in opposite directions, the forces are called opposing forces.
When opposing forces have the same magnitude, they are balanced. If all the forces on an object are balanced, there ... | To determine if there is a net force on Owen, look at the forces:
Earth's gravity is pulling Owen down with a force of 400 N.
The diving board is pushing Owen up with a force of 400 N.
The forces are in opposite directions, and the forces have the same magnitude: 400 N. This means that the forces are balanced, so there... |
Which continent is highlighted? | [
"South America",
"Europe",
"Antarctica",
"Australia"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. | This continent is Europe. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which type of sentence is this?
Eric took several incredible panoramic photographs of the sweeping view from the top of Table Mountain. | [
"compound-complex",
"compound",
"simple",
"complex"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is simple. It is a single independent clause.
Eric took several incredible panoramic photographs of the sweeping view from the top of Table Mountain. | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Solomon Islands",
"New Zealand",
"Tonga",
"Samoa"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Samoa. | |||
Which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles? | [
"Solution B",
"Solution A",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 0 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each pink ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter.
... | |
What is the capital of Nevada? | [
"Sacramento",
"Phoenix",
"Santa Fe",
"Carson City"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Carson City is the capital of Nevada. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the mass of a cement truck? | [
"21 tons",
"21 ounces",
"21 pounds"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or ton... | The best estimate for the mass of a cement truck is 21 tons.
21 ounces and 21 pounds are both too light. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
cutting a piece of rope
breaking a stick in half | [
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Cutting a piece of rope is a physical change. The rope is shorter after you cut it. But it is still made of the same type of matter as the uncut rope.
Breaking a stick in half is a physical change. The stick gets broken into two pieces. But the pieces are still made of the same type of ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Janice acquired this trait? | [
"Janice learned how to play the cello in music class.",
"Janice and her father play the cello together.",
"Janice knows how to polish her cello."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Janice can play the cello. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Which material is this spoon made of? | [
"metal",
"glass"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify materials in objects | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials. | Look at the picture of the spoon.
The spoon is made of metal.
Spoons can also be made of plastic. Some spoons are even made from corn! | ||
The United States has a federal system. Based on these definitions, which of these statements would most likely be made by a person who lives under a federal system? | [
"I only pay attention to state politics since the national government has almost no power.",
"My national government officials decide most issues that come up.",
"Both my state and national government officials have power over important issues."
] | 2 | Think about the name of the United States of America. As the name shows, the country has both a united national government and a collection of state governments. In the following questions, you will learn about the relationship between the national government and state governments. You will also learn about how state a... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | civics | Government | State and local government | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the animal. | [
"Fig trees have many leaves.",
"Oak trees can have thick branches.",
"Manta rays swim underwater.",
"Fir trees have green leaves."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify plants and animals | Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. A... | A fir tree is a plant. It has green leaves.
The leaves of fir trees are called needles.
A fig tree is a plant. It has many leaves.
Fig trees grow in dry, sunny places.
An oak tree is a plant. It can have thick branches.
Acorns grow on oak trees. Acorns are small nuts with a seed inside.
A manta ray is an animal. It swi... | |
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"New Hampshire",
"Alabama",
"South Carolina",
"New Jersey"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | us-history | English colonies in North America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is South Carolina. | |||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A",
"sample B"
] | 1 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample A have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sampl... |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.