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Not supported with pagination yet | Which correctly shows the title of a magazine? | [
"art in America",
"Art in America"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | capitalization | Formatting | Capitalizing titles | In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or | Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The word in is not important, so it should not be capitalized.
The correct title is Art in America. | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Cuba",
"Haiti",
"The Bahamas",
"Dominica"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is The Bahamas. | |||
What is the capital of Florida? | [
"Boise",
"Boston",
"Tampa",
"Tallahassee"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Tallahassee is the capital of Florida. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Ava acquired this trait? | [
"When Ava was young, her grandmother taught her how to cut chili peppers.",
"Ava's friends like to make chili with her.",
"Ava learned how to make chili from a recipe book."
] | 2 | Read the description of a trait.
Ava knows how to make chili. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to (). | [
"each salmon . . . the surroundings",
"the surroundings . . . each salmon"
] | 1 | Anthony lit the charcoal in his grill to cook two identical salmon. He put one fish on the left half of the grill and one fish on the right half of the grill. This table shows how the temperature of each salmon changed over 6minutes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | Compare thermal energy transfers | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th... | The temperature of each salmon increased, which means that the thermal energy of each salmon increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each salmon. | |
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"fragile",
"blue",
"bouncy"
] | 2 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A fragile object will break into pieces if you drop it. None of the objects are fragile.
Blue is a color.
This color is blue. The spring and the basketball are not blue.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. All three object... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word sack on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
snatch - stem | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade3 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since sack is not between the guide words snatch - stem, it would not be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"Thank you,\nMia",
"Thank You,\nMia"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Emmy's Bistro used to be a great place to go for a delicious and carefully prepared dinner, but nobody goes there anymore: it's too crowded. | [
"paradox",
"oxymoron"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses a paradox, a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.
Nobody goes there anymore: it's too crowded at first appears to be contradictory, because if no one goes to the restaurant, then the restaurant should be empty, not crowded. However, it contains... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The playground () the restless children. | [
"beckoned",
"interested"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the word beckoned. It describes the playground as if it were a person who called to the children. | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Saint Lucia",
"Barbados",
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
"The Bahamas"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Barbados. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word does not rhyme? | [
"ride",
"mud",
"tide"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade1 | language science | phonological-awareness | Rhyming | Which word does not rhyme? | Rhyming words are words that end with the same sound.
The words tip and slip rhyme. They both end with the ip sound.
The words lake and make rhyme. They both end with the ake sound.
The words tip and lake don't rhyme. They end with different sounds. | The words tide and ride rhyme. They both end with the ide sound.
The word mud does not rhyme. It ends with a different sound. | |
Which of the following could Shawna and Maddie's test show? | [
"if the concrete from each batch took the same amount of time to dry",
"if a new batch of concrete was firm enough to use"
] | 1 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
What is the capital of Minnesota? | [
"Olympia",
"Minneapolis",
"Saint Paul",
"Columbus"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Saint Paul is the capital of Minnesota. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Bolt's phenotype for the coat color trait? | [
"a red coat",
"ll"
] | 0 | In a group of cows, some individuals have a black coat and others have a red coat. In this group, the gene for the coat color trait has two alleles. The allele L is for a black coat, and the allele l is for a red coat.
Bolt, a cow from this group, has a red coat. Bolt has two alleles for a red coat. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Bolt's observable version of the coat color trait is a red coat. So, Bolt's phenotype for the coat color trait is a red coat. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Yogurt is a healthful dietary choice because it's good for you. | [
"circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself",
"false dichotomy: an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist",
"straw man: a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that yogurt is healthful because it's good for you. However, the "evidence" is just a restatement of the claim itself. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as circular reasoning. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | The donkeys move the carts at the same speed. Which cart is pulled with a larger force? | [
"a cart holding 45 pounds",
"a cart holding 87 pounds"
] | 1 | Two donkeys pull carts from the farmhouse to the yard. The carts are the same. Each cart is holding different tools. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | How do mass and force affect motion? | A force is a push or a pull.
A force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Forces can be different sizes.
Think about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. Y... | Look for the cart that is heavier.
A cart holding 87 pounds is heavier than a cart holding 45 pounds. So, the cart holding 87 pounds needs a larger force to start moving at the same speed as the other cart. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Rosanne investigate with an experiment? | [
"When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a glass jar or eight ounces of water in a plastic cup get warmer?",
"When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a closed jar or eight ounces of water in an open jar get warmer?",
"Will eight ounces of carbonated water or eight ounces of tap water... | 1 | Rosanne leaves a glass jar of cold tea outside in full sunlight. When she goes to get it, she notices that the tea is warm. She wonders what factors affect how warm a liquid gets from sitting in the sunlight. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available:
two identical glass jars
two... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which object has the least thermal energy? | [
"a 100-gram mug of cider at a temperature of 152°F",
"a 100-gram mug of cider at a temperature of 139°F",
"a 100-gram mug of cider at a temperature of 132°F"
] | 2 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter slow down, the temperature goes down. The matter now has both ... | All three mugs of cider have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 132°F mug of cider is the coldest, it has the least thermal energy. |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare strengths of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You c... | Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger.
The magnets in Pair 2 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 1. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a smaller distance between magnets, the magnitude of the magnetic force between them is greater.
There is a smaller distance between the magnets in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which object has the least thermal energy? | [
"a pencil at a temperature of 58°F",
"a pencil at a temperature of 67°F",
"a pencil at a temperature of 64°F"
] | 0 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter slow down, the temperature goes down. The matter now has both ... | All three pencils have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 58°F pencil is the coldest, it has the least thermal energy. |
What is the capital of Nebraska? | [
"Lincoln",
"Salt Lake City",
"Omaha",
"Columbus"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Lincoln is the capital of Nebraska. | |||
Which of the following could Alec's test show? | [
"the amount of sunlight the roof would get throughout the year",
"how many solar panels could fit on each side of the roof",
"which side of the roof got more sun over one day"
] | 2 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 1 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different shapes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 1 attract. The magnets in Pair 2 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a greater distance between magnets, the magni... | |
What is the capital of Virginia? | [
"Richmond",
"Arlington",
"Montgomery",
"Providence"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Richmond is the capital of Virginia. | |||
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 1 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes and shapes. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitud... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
identify - invisible | [
"improve",
"is"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since improve is between the guide words identify - invisible, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which bucket of water has a lower temperature? | [
"the bucket of water with more thermal energy",
"the bucket of water with less thermal energy"
] | 1 | Two 10-kilogram buckets of water are identical except for their thermal energies. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | How are temperature and mass related to thermal energy? | Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. ... | The two buckets of water are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the bucket of water with less thermal energy has a lower temperature. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word dark on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
decision - does | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade3 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since dark is not between the guide words decision - does, it would not be found on that page. | |
Identify the question that Mitchell's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do steel nails rust in fewer days when submerged in a large volume of liquid compared to a small volume?",
"Do steel nails take fewer days to rust in water compared to vinegar?"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Mitchell put one two-inch steel nail into each of six test tubes. He added water to three of the test tubes and vinegar to the other three. In each test tube, he completely covered the nail with the same volume of liqui... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear mason,",
"Dear Mason,"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Mason is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Red velvet cupcakes were Carrie's Achilles's heel when she was trying to eat more healthily. | [
"the Bible",
"Greek mythology"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Achilles's heel is Greek mythology.
In Greek mythology, Achilles's mother dips him in a river that protects his body wherever it touches. His heel does not get wet, so it is the one part of his body left unprotected. During the Trojan War, an arrow hits Achilles in the heel and kills him.
The... | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.",
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare strengths of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You c... | Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger.
The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 1 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different shapes. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a greater distance between magnets, the magnitude of the magnetic force between them is smaller.
There is a greater distance between the magnets in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Gabrielle acquired this trait? | [
"Gabrielle learned how to knit in an after school program.",
"Gabrielle knits sweaters using cotton, wool, and other types of yarn."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Gabrielle knows how to knit sweaters. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
melting wax
your breath becoming visible on a cold day | [
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are chemical changes."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Melting wax is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The wax changes from solid to liquid. But it is still made of the same type of matter.
Your breath becoming visible on a cold day is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. Water vapor in your breath touches the cold... | |
What is the expected ratio of offspring with red fruit to offspring with yellow fruit? Choose the most likely ratio. | [
"2:2",
"4:0",
"3:1",
"1:3",
"0:4"
] | 4 | In a group of tomato plants, some individuals have red fruit and others have yellow fruit. In this group, the gene for the fruit color trait has two alleles. The allele for red fruit (F) is dominant over the allele for yellow fruit (f).
This Punnett square shows a cross between two tomato plants. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate ratios of offspring types | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a... | To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with red fruit or yellow fruit, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the fruit color trait. The question tells you that the F allele, which is for red fruit, is dominant over the f allele, which is for yell... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the mixture. | [
"chicken soup",
"salt"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Mixtures | Identify mixtures | A pure substance is made of only one type of matter.
A mixture is made of two or more types of matter mixed together. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is this cucumber plant's phenotype for the fruit sheen trait? | [
"Ff",
"dull fruit"
] | 1 | In a group of cucumber plants, some individuals have dull fruit and others have glossy fruit. In this group, the gene for the fruit sheen trait has two alleles. The allele F is for dull fruit, and the allele f is for glossy fruit.
A certain cucumber plant from this group has dull fruit. This plant has one allele for du... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. The cucumber plant's observable version of the fruit sheen trait is dull fruit. So, the plant's phenotype for the fruit sheen trait is dull fruit. |
What is the capital of North Carolina? | [
"Philadelphia",
"Raleigh",
"Charlotte",
"Jackson"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Raleigh is the capital of North Carolina. | |||
Which property do these four objects have in common? | [
"flexible",
"smooth",
"slippery"
] | 1 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A smooth object is not scratchy or rough. All four objects are smooth.
A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The helium balloons and the silk tie are flexible, but the trombone is not.
A slippery object is hard to hold onto... | |
What is the capital of Arizona? | [
"Tucson",
"Fairbanks",
"Phoenix",
"Boise"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Phoenix is the capital of Arizona. | |||
Select the organism in the same genus as the black howler. | [
"Alouatta palliata",
"Castor canadensis",
"Ovis canadensis"
] | 0 | This organism is a black howler. Its scientific name is Alouatta caraya. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A black howler's scientific name is Alouatta caraya. The first word of its scientific name is Alouatta.
Ovis canadensis is in the genus Ovis. The first word of its scientific name is Ovis. So, Ovis canadensis and Alouatta caraya are not in the same genus.
Alouatta palliata is in the genus Alouatta. The first word of it... | |
Select the statement that is true about Sydney's average monthly precipitation. | [
"Less precipitation falls in February than in November.",
"Each month has about the same amount of precipitation.",
"More precipitation falls in June than in December."
] | 2 | Use the graph to answer the question below. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Use climate data to make predictions | Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Precipitation, or rain and snow, is one type of climate data.
A bar graph can be used to show the average amount of precipitation each month. Months with taller bars have more precipitation on average. | To describe the average precipitation trends in Sydney, look at the graph.
Choice "Feb" is incorrect.
Choice "Jun" is incorrect.
Choice "Nov" is incorrect.
Choice "Dec" is incorrect.
Choice "Less precipitation falls in February than in November." is incorrect.
The average precipitation in February is higher, not lower,... | |
Which statement describes the Great Basin Desert ecosystem? | [
"It has warm summers and mild winters.",
"It has dry, thin soil."
] | 1 | Figure: Great Basin Desert.
The Great Basin Desert is a cold desert ecosystem in the western United States that covers much of Nevada. This desert also covers parts of Utah, California, and Idaho. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A cold desert is a type of ecosystem. Cold deserts have the following features: a small amount of rain or snow, dry, thin soil, and long, cold winters. So, the following statements describe the Great Basin Desert ecosystem: a small amount of rain or snow, dry, thin soil, and long, cold winters. It has a small amount of... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Answer the riddle.
I am small.
I like to play.
My mom is a dog.
What am I? | [
"a puppy",
"a kitten"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade1 | language science | vocabulary | Comprehension strategies | What am I? | A puppy is small.
A puppy likes to play.
A puppy's mom is a dog. | ||
During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to (). | [
"the surroundings . . . each cake",
"each cake . . . the surroundings"
] | 1 | Emilio baked two identical cakes. When he took them out of the oven, he left one cake in its pan and took the other cake out of its pan to put it on a plate. This table shows how the temperature of each cake changed over 5minutes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | Compare thermal energy transfers | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th... | The temperature of each cake decreased, which means that the thermal energy of each cake decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred from each cake to the surroundings. | |
Select the organism in the same genus as the bush honeysuckle. | [
"Camellia sasanqua",
"Sarracenia purpurea",
"Lonicera japonica"
] | 2 | This organism is a bush honeysuckle. Its scientific name is Lonicera maackii. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A bush honeysuckle's scientific name is Lonicera maackii. The first word of its scientific name is Lonicera.
Sarracenia purpurea is in the genus Sarracenia. The first word of its scientific name is Sarracenia. So, Sarracenia purpurea and Lonicera maackii are not in the same genus.
Lonicera japonica is in the genus Loni... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the vertebrate. | [
"bess beetle",
"Caribbean reef octopus",
"tiger",
"metallic tarantula"
] | 2 | Hint: Mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are vertebrates. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify vertebrates and invertebrates | Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals.
A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange.
An invertebrate does not have a backb... | A tiger is a mammal. Like other mammals, a tiger is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A bess beetle is an insect. Like other insects, a bess beetle is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
Like other octopuses, a Caribbean reef octopus is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It ha... |
Not supported with pagination yet | Does the sentence use a simile or a metaphor?
Lauren went down the slide face-first, like a penguin. | [
"metaphor",
"simile"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Identify similes and metaphors | Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.
A simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.
My sister runs like a cheetah.
The sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.
A che... | Lauren went down the slide face-first, like a penguin.
The words Lauren and penguin are compared using the word like. So, the sentence uses a simile. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"Your Nephew,\nNoah",
"Your nephew,\nNoah"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The first closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Which i in row C? | [
"the library",
"the grocery store",
"the police department",
"the park"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | Geography | Use a letter-number grid | A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map.
A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters.
A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers. | The police department is in row C. | ||
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare strengths of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. | Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. But the distance between the magnets in Pair 1 and in Pair 2 is the same.
So, the strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word factoid in its traditional sense? | [
"Deion seemed to know a lot about African wildlife, but it turned out that his knowledge was mostly based on factoids gleaned from unreliable websites.",
"Deion subscribed to an online newsletter about African wildlife; he enjoyed receiving daily factoids about the wild animals' natural habitats and behavior."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses factoid in its traditional sense: something made up presented as a true fact.
Deion seemed to know a lot about African wildlife, but it turned out that his knowledge was mostly based on factoids gleaned from unreliable websites.
The second text uses factoid in its nontraditional sense: a trivial but... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
bond - business | [
"broken",
"beach"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since broken is between the guide words bond - business, it would be found on that page. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The smaller the magnets, the smaller the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnit... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Since Emma Wilkinson became vice president of the parent-teacher association, student performance has declined and teacher morale is down. We on the school board believe that Wilkinson bears sole responsibility for the downtrend. | [
"false causation: the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other",
"hasty generalization: a very broad claim based on very little evidence"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Emma Wilkinson is responsible for the decline in student performance and teacher morale. However, even though things declined after Wilkinson became vice president of the parent-teacher association, that doesn't necessarily mean that she caused the downturn. This illustrates a type of logical falla... | |
What is the capital of Colorado? | [
"Tucson",
"Denver",
"Saint Louis",
"Cheyenne"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Denver is the capital of Colorado. | |||
Select the organism in the same genus as the agile wallaby. | [
"Macropus giganteus",
"Ovis dalli",
"Ovis aries"
] | 0 | This organism is an agile wallaby. Its scientific name is Macropus agilis. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | An agile wallaby's scientific name is Macropus agilis. The first word of its scientific name is Macropus.
Ovis dalli is in the genus Ovis. The first word of its scientific name is Ovis. So, Ovis dalli and Macropus agilis are not in the same genus.
Ovis aries is in the genus Ovis. The first word of its scientific name i... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a sentence fragment? | [
"I sent an email to my teacher she wrote me back.",
"The three explorers in the big forest."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb.
Knows the answer.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subj... | The three explorers in the big forest is a sentence fragment. It is missing a verb. | |
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Maryland",
"Connecticut",
"Georgia",
"Iowa"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Maryland. | |||
In this experiment, which were part of a control group? | [
"the cups that did not get cardboard sleeves",
"the cups that got cardboard sleeves"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment.
Samuel drank coffee out of a paper cup. He remembered that his coffee shop had cardboard sleeves for their coffee cups. He wondered if using a sleeve would help keep the coffee warm.
Samuel placed a cardboard sleeve on each of three paper cups. He left three other cups withou... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify control and experimental groups | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to investigate whether changing a variable between different groups has a specific outcome.
For example, imagine you want to find out whether adding fertilizer to soil affects the height of pea plants. You could investigate this question wit... | In this experiment, Samuel investigated whether adding cardboard sleeves to coffee cups affects how quickly coffee cools. There were no sleeves on the cups that did not get cardboard sleeves. So, they were part of a control group. | |
Which material is this stop sign made of? | [
"cotton",
"metal"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify materials in objects | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials. | Look at the picture of the stop sign.
The stop sign is made of metal.
Metal is a tough material. It does not break down in rainy or windy weather. This makes metal a great material for street signs. | ||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
"the Dominican Republic",
"Trinidad and Tobago",
"Grenada"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Grenada. | |||
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Delaware",
"Pennsylvania",
"New York",
"New Jersey"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is New Jersey. | |||
Select the chemical formula for this molecule. | [
"HI2",
"H2I",
"H2I2",
"HI"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Identify chemical formulas for ball-and-stick models | Every substance around you is made up of atoms. Atoms can link together to form molecules. The links between atoms in a molecule are called chemical bonds. Different molecules are made up of different chemical elements, or types of atoms, bonded together.
Scientists use both ball-and-stick models and chemical formulas ... | H is the symbol for hydrogen. According to the legend, hydrogen atoms are shown in light gray. I is the symbol for iodine. According to the legend, iodine atoms are shown in dark purple. This ball-and-stick model shows a molecule with one hydrogen atom and one iodine atom. The chemical formula will contain the symbols ... | ||
Why might putting each tadpole in its own pool of water increase the reproductive success of a male Amazonian poison frog? Complete the claim below that answers this question and is best supported by the passage.
Putting each tadpole in its own pool of water increases the chances that (). | [
"the male's tadpoles will be larger when they hatch",
"the male will carry his tadpoles through the forest",
"the male's tadpoles will become adult frogs"
] | 2 | Animals often behave in certain ways that can increase their reproductive success. Read the passage about a specific animal behavior. Then, follow the instructions below.
Amazonian poison frogs live in tropical forests in northern South America. After a male and female frog mate, the female frog lays eggs on a plant. ... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | literacy-in-science | Adaptations and natural selection | How can animal behaviors affect reproductive success? Identify evidence to support a claim | Animals increase their reproductive success when they have offspring that survive to reproduce.
Animals can increase their chances of having offspring by behaving in ways that help them get partners to mate and reproduce with. These partners are called mates. For example, animals may make special sounds, perform specif... | Look for the part of the passage that describes the effect of putting each tadpole in its own pool of water. Use this information to determine why this behavior can increase the reproductive success of a male Amazonian poison frog.
Choice "Amazonian poison frogs live in tropical forests in northern South America. After... | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different shapes. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same.
So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Read the following excerpt from a student essay. How can the writer best improve his or her organization?
In the 1800s, egrets were hunted in the United States for their long white plumes (feathers). As a result, the birds were nearly wiped out completely. Thankfully, conservation measures were put in place, and the bi... | [
"by removing the sentence about the egrets' expanded range",
"by providing the description of egrets when they are first introduced"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Editing and revising | Suggest appropriate revisions | During peer review, you read and respond to a fellow student's writing. While there are many methods and strategies that you can use for reviewing a text, it is generally helpful to frame your suggestions in concrete and constructive ways and to consider the following areas for revision:
Ideas and development: Does the... | The writer could best improve his or her organization by providing the description of egrets when they are first introduced.
For example, the writer could move the underlined text to the beginning of the paragraph.
In the 1800 s, egrets were hunted in the United States for their long white plumes (feathers). As a resul... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is smoother? | [
"rock wall",
"chalk"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For examp... | Smooth is a property. A smooth material is not rough or bumpy.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the chalk is smoother. If you touch a piece of chalk, it will not feel rough or bumpy. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Several competent city council members have been elected in Newport, but the mayor's office has prevented the council members from significantly influencing policy.",
"The citizens of Newport have elected several competent city council members, but the mayor's office has prevented them from significantly influen... | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun them could refer to the citizens or several competent city council members.
The citizens of Newport have elected several competent city council members, but the mayor's office has prevented them from significantly influencing policy.
The first ans... | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Solomon Islands",
"New Zealand",
"Australia",
"Papua New Guinea"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Australia.
Is Australia a country or a continent?
Both! Australia is a country in Oceania, a region made up of many lands and islands in the Pacific Ocean. Many people say that Australia is the world's smallest continent. But some people call Oceania a continent instead. | |||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample B",
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature"
] | 0 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sample B mus... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Devin acquired this trait? | [
"Devin has three jump ropes, each made of a different material.",
"Devin won a competition at his school with his jump rope tricks.",
"Devin's sister taught him how to do tricks with a jump rope."
] | 2 | Read the description of a trait.
Devin knows how to do tricks with a jump rope. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
The volume of Uranus is less than one-tenth of the volume of Saturn. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 1 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of one-tenth the volume of Saturn.
Then compare the result to the volume of Uranus. The volume of Uranus is 68,300 billion km^3, which is less than 82,713 billion km^3. So, the volume of Uranus is less than one-tenth the volume of Saturn. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word can in its traditional sense? | [
"Kimi can type using a keyboard with a QWERTY layout, but she prefers the Dvorak layout. The two keyboards have different arrangements of letters and symbols.",
"If Kimi prefers a keyboard with the Dvorak layout, she can use mine. In my opinion, it's faster than typing on a keyboard with a QWERTY layout."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses can in its traditional sense: to have the ability to.
Kimi can type using a keyboard with a QWERTY layout, but she prefers the Dvorak layout. The two keyboards have different arrangements of letters and symbols.
The second text uses can in its nontraditional sense: to have permission to.
If Kimi pre... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Adapted from Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, "Hiawatha's Friends" and from William Cullen Bryant, "Robert of Lincoln" | [
"All the many sounds of nature\nBorrowed sweetness from his songs;\nAll the hearts of men were softened\nBy the sadness of his music;\nFor he sang of peace and freedom,\nSang of beauty, love, and longing.",
"Six white eggs on a bed of hay,\nFlecked with purple, a pretty sight:\nThere as the mother sits all day,\n... | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | reading-comprehension | Poetry elements | Identify elements of poetry | Poetry is a special kind of writing. It has many elements that make it different from ordinary writing. Knowing these elements can help you talk about poetry, understand it better, and enjoy it more.
A poem rhymes when it has a pattern of words that end in the same sound.
End rhyme is when the rhymes appear at the end ... | This poem uses end rhyme. Its rhymes come at the end of its lines.
Flecked with purple, a pretty sight:
Spink, spank, spink. | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 0 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The no... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Victor is not qualified to run the Environmental Club. Have you seen his sister's huge, horrifically inefficient car? The planet cries whenever she turns on the ignition. | [
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something",
"slippery slope fallacy: the false assumption that a small first step will lead to extreme consequences",
"false dichotomy: an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Victor isn't qualified to run the Environmental Club because his sister drives a fuel inefficient car. However, the behavior of Victor's sister does not necessarily reflect Victor's own behavior. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as guilt by association. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which phrase has a more positive connotation? | [
"something special",
"something strange"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | vocabulary | Shades of meaning | Positive and negative connotation | Connotation is the feeling or idea that goes along with a word or phrase. Some words are close in meaning but have different connotations.
For example, think about the words eager and impatient. They both mean wanting something to happen, but they have different connotations.
Eager has a positive connotation. It is a n... | Something special has a more positive connotation. Something special is unusual, but in a good way. Something strange is unusual, but in a bad way. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which press release is more formal? | [
"On November 19, the Castroville Amphitheater will host area musicians vying for top honors in the fourth annual Jam-a-thon.",
"On Nov. 19, musicians from all over town will battle it out in the fourth annual Jam-a-thon, happening at the amphitheater."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Audience, purpose, and tone | Which text is most formal? | Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is... | The second press release is more formal. It uses more elevated language (area musicians, top honors). The other press release uses idioms (battle it out) and abbreviations (Nov.). | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which type of sentence is this?
Danny took several incredible panoramic photographs of the sweeping view from the top of Table Mountain. | [
"simple",
"compound",
"compound-complex",
"complex"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is simple. It is a single independent clause.
Danny took several incredible panoramic photographs of the sweeping view from the top of Table Mountain. | |
Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Southern Ocean",
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Southern Ocean.
The Southern Ocean reaches from the shores of Antarctica to 60° South latitude. | ||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample A",
"sample B",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature"
] | 1 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. The particles in sample B also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
rust forming on a metal gate
photosynthesis | [
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Rust forming on a metal gate is a chemical change. As the gate rusts, the metal turns into a different type of matter called rust. Rust is reddish-brown and falls apart easily.
Photosynthesis is a chemical change. Plants make sugar using carbon dioxide, water, and energy from sunlight.
... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence.
A conifer's cones make (). | [
"seeds",
"flowers",
"needles"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Plants | Describe and construct conifer life cycles | Conifers are plants that grow cones. Conifers use their cones to reproduce, or make new plants like themselves. How do conifers use their cones to reproduce?
Conifers can grow male and female cones. Male cones make pollen, and female cones make eggs. Pollination is what happens when wind blows pollen from male cones on... | Conifers use their cones to make seeds. Seeds grow inside the female cones.
Many conifers have thin pointed leaves called needles. Cones do not make needles.
Conifers do not have flowers. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which tense does the sentence use?
The kids will toss the ball to each other. | [
"present tense",
"past tense",
"future tense"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, toss. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of three ships. Which ship was moving at the lowest speed? | [
"a ship that moved 230miles east in 10hours",
"a ship that moved 220miles south in 10hours",
"a ship that moved 240miles west in 10hours"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects moving f... | Look at the distance each ship moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each ship moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each ship moved for 10 hours. The ship that moved 220 miles moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that ship must have moved at the lowest speed. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one substance that is not a mineral. | [
"Potassium feldspar is a pure substance. It is a solid.",
"Magnetite is formed in nature. It is not made by living things.",
"Bronze is made by humans. It is a solid."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify minerals using properties | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed cry... | Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals.
Potassium feldspar is a mineral.
Magnetite is a mineral.
Bronze is made by humans. But minerals are not made by living things.
So, bronze is not a mineral. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | The Declaration of Independence is one of the most famous documents in United States history. A declaration of independence is a document created by the people of one country to say they are no longer part of another country. Which of the following is an example of a declaration of independence? | [
"a document saying that the United States had won World War II",
"a document stating that the United States was no longer part of the British Empire",
"a document declaring that the United States would no longer allow slavery",
"a document describing the major laws of the federal government"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | us-history | The American Revolution | Source analysis: the Declaration of Independence | A declaration of independence is a document that states that the people of one country will no longer be part of another country. So, the United States's Declaration of Independence stated that the people of the United States would no longer be part of the British Empire.
Many people believe that the laws of the United... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Is there a surplus or a shortage of apple juice? | [
"shortage",
"surplus"
] | 1 | A bottle of apple juice costs $3. The grocery store has 80 bottles for sale. At that price, 50 people want to buy one. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Identify shortage and surplus | There is a surplus if there is too much for sale at a given price.
There is a shortage if there is not enough for sale at a given price.
Surpluses and shortages usually happen when people who are selling goods or services charge too much or too little.
When the price is too high, consumers will not want to buy much of ... | At the current price, there are too many bottles of apple juice for sale. There are 80 bottles for sale, but only 50 people want to buy one.
So, there is a surplus of apple juice. The grocery store will not get any money for the leftover bottles. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
a piece of avocado turning brown
roasting a marshmallow over a campfire | [
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
A piece of avocado turning brown is a chemical change. The avocado reacts with oxygen in the air to form a different type of matter.
If you scrape off the brown part of the avocado, the inside will still be green. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change hasn't happened... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long does it take to make a sandwich? | [
"2 minutes",
"2 hours"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose units of time | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the... | The better estimate for how long it takes to make a sandwich is 2 minutes.
2 hours is too slow. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence.
Plants making food from sunlight, air, and water is a (). | [
"chemical change",
"physical change"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Identify physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Burning a piece of paper is a chemical change. When paper gets hot enough, it reacts with oxygen in the air and burn... | Plants making food is a chemical change. Plants use energy from sunlight to change air and water into food. The food is sugar. Sugar is a different type of matter than air or water. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which correctly shows the title of a movie? | [
"\"The Hunt for Red October\"",
"***The Hunt for Red October***"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Formatting titles | The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine" | A movie should be in italics.
The correct title is **The Hunt for Red October**. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the verbal irony in this text suggest?
"Someone had better turn on the heat," Leah said, sweat glistening on her face. | [
"The temperature was too warm.",
"The temperature was too cool."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking dow... | The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
Someone had better turn on the heat ironically suggests that the temperature was too warm. Leah did not think that more heat was needed; she was already sweating. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Mitch has naturally curly hair. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Some humans are born with naturally curly hair. Others are born with naturally straight hair. Curly and straight are examples of hair texture.
Some people decide to change how their hair looks. But this doesn't affect the natural texture of their hair. So, having naturally curly hair is an inherited trait. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word wardrobe on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
wharf - wisdom | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade6 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since wardrobe is not between the guide words wharf - wisdom, it would not be found on that page. | |
Which type of force from each friend's hand slides a pizza slice off of the tray? | [
"push",
"pull"
] | 1 | Two friends share a pizza. They each apply a force to a slice of pizza to slide it off of the tray. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Identify pushes and pulls | A force is a push or a pull that one object applies to a second object.
The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing.
The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling. | Each friend's hand applies a force to a slice of pizza. This force slides the pizza slice off of the tray. The direction of this force is toward each friend's hand. This force is a pull. |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.