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Which of the following was an independent variable in this experiment? | [
"the type of flour used",
"the volume of the cupcakes"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and think about the variables that are described.
Donald was baking cupcakes for his stepfather's birthday. Donald wondered whether the volume of a cupcake would be affected by the type of flour in the batter.
Donald bought three types of flour and made three... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify independent and dependent variables | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to find out how one variable affects another variable. For example, imagine that you want to find out if fertilizer affects the number of tomatoes a tomato plant grows. To answer this question, you decide to set up two equal groups of tomato... | ||
Select the organism in the same genus as the plains leopard frog. | [
"Hyla cinerea",
"Lithobates palustris",
"Agalychnis callidryas"
] | 1 | This organism is a plains leopard frog. Its scientific name is Lithobates blairi. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A plains leopard frog's scientific name is Lithobates blairi. The first word of its scientific name is Lithobates.
Lithobates palustris is in the genus Lithobates. The first word of its scientific name is Lithobates. So, Lithobates palustris and Lithobates blairi are in the same genus.
Agalychnis callidryas is in the g... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"If Denise's skirt doesn't match the blouse, she will have to exchange the blouse for another item.",
"If Denise's skirt doesn't match the blouse, she will have to exchange it for another item."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun it could refer to Denise's skirt or the blouse.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. It has been replaced with the blouse.
If Denise's skirt doesn't match the blouse, she will have to exchange the bl... | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The no... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | |
Identify the question that Luther and Roy's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do ping pong balls travel farther when launched from a 30° angle compared to a 45° angle?",
"Do ping pong balls stop rolling along the ground sooner after being launched from a 30° angle or a 45° angle?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Luther placed a ping pong ball in a catapult, pulled the catapult's arm back to a 45° angle, and launched the ball. Then, Luther launched another ping pong ball, this time pulling the catapult's arm back to a 30° angle.... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is this Channel catfish's genotype for the body color gene? | [
"BB",
"a brown body"
] | 0 | In a group of Channel catfish, some individuals have a brown body and others have a white body. In this group, the gene for the body color trait has two alleles. The allele B is for a brown body, and the allele b is for a white body.
A certain Channel catfish from this group has a brown body. This catfish has two allel... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. The Channel catfish has two alleles for a brown body (B). So, the catfish's genotype for the body color gene is BB. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which would stretch more? | [
"glass marbles",
"rubber balloons"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Stretchy is a property. A stretchy material gets longer when you pull on it.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine pulling on the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the rubber balloons would stretch more. If you pull on a rubber balloon, it will get longer. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | The movers lift the boxes at the same speed. Which box is lifted with a larger force? | [
"a box holding 39 pounds",
"a box holding 27 pounds"
] | 0 | Two movers are putting heavy boxes into their truck. The boxes are the same shape and size. Each mover lifts one box up into the truck at a time. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | How do mass and force affect motion? | A force is a push or a pull.
A force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Forces can be different sizes.
Think about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. Y... | Look for the box that is heavier.
A box holding 39 pounds is heavier than a box holding 27 pounds. So, the box holding 39 pounds needs a larger force to start moving upward at the same speed as the other box. |
Which property do these two objects have in common? | [
"colorful",
"stretchy"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A colorful object has one or more bright colors. The spring is not colorful.
A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. Both objects are stretchy.
The property that both objects have in common is stretchy. | |
Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged among green leaves? | [
"hoverfly",
"emerald tree boa"
] | 1 | Green mantises are insects found in tropical forests around the world. The is adapted to be camouflaged among green leaves.
Figure: green mantis. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the green mantis.
The green mantis has a green body. It is adapted to be camouflaged among green leaves. The word camouflage means to blend in.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The emerald tree boa has bright green scales covering its body. It is adapted ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
berry - bucket | [
"brass",
"bath"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since brass is between the guide words berry - bucket, it would be found on that page. | |
Identify the question that Clayton's experiment can best answer. | [
"Can pennies hold more drops of pure water or water mixed with hand soap?",
"Can pennies hold more drops of water mixed with dish soap or water mixed with hand soap?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Clayton used a dropper to put equal-sized drops of pure water, one at a time, onto a penny. The drops stayed together and formed a dome on the penny's surface. Clayton recorded the number of drops he could add before th... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
Please let me know how I can be of service. | [
"imperative",
"exclamatory"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement. It tells about something. A declarative sentence always ends with a period.
I have an older brother and a younger sister.
An interrogative sentence is a question. It asks something. An interrogative sentence always ends with a question mark.
How ... | The sentence makes a request, so it is an imperative sentence. Here, it ends with a period. | |
What is the probability that a cow produced by this cross will have a black coat? | [
"0/4",
"1/4",
"3/4",
"4/4",
"2/4"
] | 4 | In a group of cows, some individuals have a black coat and others have a red coat. In this group, the gene for the coat color trait has two alleles. The allele for a black coat (L) is dominant over the allele for a red coat (l).
This Punnett square shows a cross between two cows. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate probabilities of offspring types | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a... | ||
Which i in row C? | [
"the fire department",
"the library",
"the park",
"the police department"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Use a letter-number grid | A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map.
A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters.
A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers. | The police department is in row C. | ||
Which part of a pine tree makes seeds? | [
"the needles",
"the cones"
] | 1 | This diagram shows the life cycle of a pine tree. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Plant reproduction | Angiosperm and conifer life cycles | Gymnosperms are plants that have seeds but not flowers. Conifers are a type of a gymnosperm. Instead of flowers, conifers have cones. Conifers use their cones for sexual reproduction.
Most conifer trees have both male and female cones. The male cones produce pollen. The female cones produce eggs and a sticky substance ... | A pine tree's cones make seeds. Sperm from pollen fuses with an egg inside the female cone. This is called fertilization. The fertilized egg grows into a seed.
A pine tree's needles are its leaves! The needles make most of the food for the tree using photosynthesis. They do not make the seeds. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | According to Newton's third law, what other force must be happening? | [
"The door is pulling on Kelsey's hand.",
"The door is pushing on Kelsey's hand."
] | 1 | Isaac Newton was born in the 1600s and studied how objects move. He discovered three fundamental laws about forces and motion. According to Newton's third law, for every force, there is an equal and opposite force.
Consider the following force:
Kelsey's hand is pushing on a door. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Predict forces using Newton's third law | According to Newton's third law, for every force, there is an equal and opposite force. This means that if one object is applying a force on a second object, the second object must also be applying a force on the first object, but in the opposite direction.
For example, if your hand is pushing down on a table, the tabl... | Kelsey's hand is pushing on the door. So, Newton's third law tells you that the door is pushing on Kelsey's hand. |
Which of these states is farthest east? | [
"Nevada",
"Colorado",
"Iowa",
"Washington"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Iowa is farthest east. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is softer? | [
"metal garbage can",
"nylon shorts"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Soft is a property. A soft material changes shape when you press on it.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the nylon shorts are softer. Nylon fabric changes shape when you press on it. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of two motorboats. Which motorboat was moving at a higher speed? | [
"a motorboat that moved 180kilometers in 5hours",
"a motorboat that moved 340kilometers in 5hours"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects... | Look at the distance each motorboat moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One motorboat moved 340 kilometers in 5 hours.
The other motorboat moved 180 kilometers in 5 hours.
Notice that each motorboat spent the same amount of time moving. The motorboat that moved 340 kilometers moved a farther distance in t... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Nicholas decides to join the Theater Club. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Nicholas will give up the chance to be in the Photography Club. He would have had more fun in the Photography Club than in the Theater Club.",
"Nicholas will save some time. He would have spent more time in the Photography Club than in the Theater Club."
] | 0 | Nicholas is deciding whether to join the Photography Club or the Theater Club at school. He wants the club he joins to be fun. But he doesn't want it to take up too much time. | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Nicholas wants or needs:
Nicholas will give up the chance to be in the Photography Club. He would have had more fun in the Photography Club than in the Theater Club. |
Is a pair of scissors a solid or a liquid? | [
"a solid",
"a liquid"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Classify matter as solid or liquid | Solid and liquid are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a shape of its own.
Some solids can be bent or broken easily. Others are hard to bend or break.
A glass cup is a solid. A sock is also a solid.
When matter is a li... | A pair of scissors is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own.
When you use a pair of scissors to cut paper, the pair of scissors still has a size and shape of its own. | ||
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 0 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | |
Which is the main persuasive appeal used in this ad? | [
"ethos (character)",
"logos (reason)",
"pathos (emotion)"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Persuasive strategies | Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements | The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals:
Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one... | The ad appeals to ethos, or character. It notes that the product is recommended by real people (online reviewers). | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
Please hold your applause until all performers have concluded their acts. | [
"interrogative",
"imperative",
"exclamatory"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement and always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An imperative sentence makes a request or a demand and usually ends with a period. If a demand shows strong feeling, it can ... | The sentence makes a request, so it is an imperative sentence. Here, it ends with a period. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word nauseous in its traditional sense? | [
"Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candle, but it made Tommy feel rather nauseous.",
"Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candle, but Tommy found the smell rather nauseous."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses nauseous in its traditional sense: causing disgust or nausea.
Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candle, but Tommy found the smell rather nauseous.
The second text uses nauseous in its nontraditional sense: feeling disgusted or nauseated.
Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented cand... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Pandora's phenotype for the coat pattern trait? | [
"a black coat",
"Aa"
] | 0 | In a group of jaguars, some individuals have a black coat and others have a spotted coat. In this group, the gene for the coat pattern trait has two alleles. The allele A is for a black coat, and the allele a is for a spotted coat.
Pandora, a jaguar from this group, has a black coat. Pandora has one allele for a black ... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Pandora's observable version of the coat pattern trait is a black coat. So, Pandora's phenotype for the coat pattern trait is a black coat. |
Which property matches this object? | [
"flexible",
"sticky"
] | 0 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The dress is flexible.
A sticky object can attach or stick to other things. The dress is not sticky. | |
What is the capital of Nevada? | [
"Reno",
"Las Vegas",
"Olympia",
"Carson City"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Carson City is the capital of Nevada. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Assume all other forces on Rita are balanced. Which statement describes the forces on Rita? | [
"The forces are balanced, so there is no net force on Rita.",
"The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Rita."
] | 1 | Rita is sitting on a roller coaster cart as it reaches the bottom of a big loop. Earth's gravity is pulling down on Rita with a force of 600N. The seat of the cart is pushing up on Rita with a force of 1,200N. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Balanced and unbalanced forces | A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object. Every force has a direction and a magnitude, or strength. If two forces act on an object in opposite directions, the forces are called opposing forces.
When opposing forces have the same magnitude, they are balanced. If all the forces on an object are balanced, there ... | To determine if there is a net force on Rita, look at the forces:
Earth's gravity is pulling Rita down with a force of 600 N.
The seat of the cart is pushing Rita up with a force of 1,200 N.
The forces are in opposite directions, and the forces have different magnitudes: 600 N and 1,200 N. This means that the forces ar... |
Which of these states is farthest north? | [
"Kansas",
"Maine",
"Rhode Island",
"New Mexico"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Maine is farthest north. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Never lend money to your friends. Before long, they'll start treating you like an ATM. | [
"slippery slope fallacy: the false assumption that a small first step will lead to extreme consequences",
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something",
"circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that lending money to your friends will lead to constant demands for money. However, this argument offers only an extreme outcome and ignores other possible outcomes. For instance, you may lend money to a friend in a special circumstance without it changing your other friends' behavior. This illustrates... | |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample B",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"The plastic toothbrush was one of the most brilliant inventions in the history of the world.",
"Centuries ago, the Chinese invented the toothbrush by attaching pig hairs to a bamboo handle."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | civics | Social studies skills | Identify facts and opinions | A fact is something that can be proved to be true. Facts can be proved by observing, measuring, or studying information.
The flag of the United States has 13 stripes.
This is a fact. It can be proved by looking at the flag and counting the number of stripes.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or fe... | The second sentence states a fact.
Centuries ago, the Chinese invented the toothbrush by attaching pig hairs to a bamboo handle.
It can be proved by looking up the history of toothbrushes.
The first sentence states an opinion.
The plastic toothbrush was one of the most brilliant inventions in the history of the world.
... | |
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 1 | Figure: Guam.
Guam is an island in the Pacific Ocean. During a typhoon on October 12, 1979, the barometric pressure on Guam reached an all-time low.
Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Weather and climate around the world | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the passage carefully.
Guam is an island in the Pacific Ocean. During a typhoon on October 12, 1979, the barometric pressure on Guam reached an all-time low.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the barometric pressure in Guam on October 12, 1979. This passage describes the atmosphere at a certain pl... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which correctly shows the title of a movie? | [
"everything but the Best",
"Everything but the Best"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | capitalization | Formatting | Capitalizing titles | In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or | Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The words but and the are not important, so they should not be capitalized.
The correct title is Everything but the Best. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one animal that has all of the insect traits listed above. | [
"Monarch butterflies have an exoskeleton and six legs. Monarch butterflies use their wings to migrate, or travel back and forth, across thousands of miles every year. They fly from Canada or the United States to Mexico in the late summer and fall. Monarch butterflies use their one pair of antennae to help keep them... | 0 | Insects are a group of animals with similar traits. The following traits can be used to identify insects:
They have six legs.
They have an exoskeleton.
They have one pair of antennae. Observe the animals and read the descriptions. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Use evidence to classify animals | Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.
How do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, sc... | To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.
Insects have the following traits:
They have six legs.
They have an exoskeleton.
They have one pair of antennae.
Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits.
A monarch butterfl... |
In this food web, which organism contains matter that eventually moves to the bolete fungus? | [
"black bear",
"parasol fungus",
"pine vole"
] | 2 | Below is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia.
A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Ecological interactions | Interpret food webs II | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho... | Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows to the bolete fungus.
The only arrow pointing from the black bear leads to the parasol fungus. No arrows point from the parasol fungus to any other organisms. So, in this food web, matter does not move ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which announcement is more formal? | [
"The Fairfax Law Firm is pleased to announce . . .",
"The Fairfax Law Firm is so happy to tell you . . ."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Audience, purpose, and tone | Which text is most formal? | Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is... | The second announcement is more formal. It uses more elevated language (pleased to announce). The other announcement sounds more conversational (so happy). | |
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Massachusetts",
"North Carolina",
"Michigan",
"Georgia"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is North Carolina. | |||
Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Atlantic Ocean",
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Atlantic Ocean. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Levi inherited this trait? | [
"Levi's biological mother has long hair. Levi also has long hair.",
"Levi's biological parents have wavy hair.",
"Levi uses a headband to keep his wavy hair out of his face."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Levi has wavy hair. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Complete the sentence.
The word "antebellum" means (). | [
"after the election",
"after the long peace",
"before the war",
"before the feast"
] | 2 | The time period in United States history between 1820 and 1861 is often called the antebellum period. During the antebellum period, the North and South became more divided. In the following questions, you learn more about the changes that happened during the antebellum period.
The following table shows other words that... | closed choice | grade8 | social science | us-history | The Antebellum period | Causes of the Civil War: Missouri Compromise to Bleeding Kansas | Look at the underlined parts of the table.
All the words that use the root "ante" mean to come before something else. So, the root ante means "before."
All the words that use the root "bellum" mean to fight or cause war.So, the root bellum means "war."
So, the word "antebellum" means "before the war." The antebellum pe... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which type of sentence is this?
Adam always approaches difficult tasks enthusiastically, and he frequently motivates others with his energy and fervor. | [
"compound-complex",
"simple",
"complex",
"compound"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is compound. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction and.
Adam always approaches difficult tasks enthusiastically, and he frequently motivates others with his energy and fervor. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1.",
"The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2.",
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare strengths of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. | Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. But the distance between the magnets in Pair 1 and in Pair 2 is the same.
So, the strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | |
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 0 | Figure: Smethport, Pennsylvania.
Smethport is a town in northwest Pennsylvania. On March 31, 1989, residents of the town took shelter from golf-ball-sized hail.
Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Weather and climate around the world | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the passage carefully.
Smethport is a town in northwest Pennsylvania. On March 31, 1989, residents of the town took shelter from golf-ball-sized hail.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the hail that fell on Smethport on a specific day in 1989. This passage describes the atmosphere at a certain pla... | |
What is the capital of Iowa? | [
"Cedar Rapids",
"Indianapolis",
"Lincoln",
"Des Moines"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Des Moines is the capital of Iowa. | |||
Select the organism in the same species as the Canada lynx. | [
"Lynx canadensis",
"Felis silvestris",
"Felis margarita"
] | 0 | This organism is a Canada lynx. Its scientific name is Lynx canadensis. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A Canada lynx's scientific name is Lynx canadensis.
Felis silvestris does not have the same scientific name as a Canada lynx. So, Lynx canadensis and Felis silvestris are not in the same species.
Felis margarita does not have the same scientific name as a Canada lynx. So, Lynx canadensis and Felis margarita are not in ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Harper decides to borrow the book from the library. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Harper will give up the chance to keep the book as long as she wants.",
"Harper will save some money by not buying the book."
] | 0 | Harper is deciding whether to buy a copy of a book or borrow it from the library. She would like to be able to keep the book as long as she wants, but buying the book would cost money. She could borrow the book for free, but she would have to return it in a few weeks. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Harper wants or needs:
Harper will give up the chance to keep the book as long as she wants. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Clyde's phenotype for the coat pattern trait? | [
"white spots",
"solid coloring"
] | 1 | In a group of cows, some individuals have solid coloring and others have white spots. In this group, the gene for the coat pattern trait has two alleles. The allele for solid coloring (A) is dominant over the allele for white spots (a).
Clyde is a cow from this group. Clyde has the heterozygous genotype Aa for the coat... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | You need to determine Clyde's phenotype for the coat pattern trait. First, consider the alleles in Clyde's genotype for the coat pattern gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive.
The allele for solid coloring (A) is dominant over the allele for white spots (a). This means A is a dominant allel... |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence is more formal? | [
"Museum members get ten percent off the things they buy in the museum gift shop.",
"Museum members receive a ten-percent discount on all items purchased at the museum gift shop."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Author's purpose and tone | Which sentence is more formal? | Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:
Type | Examples
slang | cool, awesome
idioms | knock your socks off
conversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah
abbreviated language | ASAP, FYI
overly simple or imprecise lan... | The second sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses overly simple or imprecise language (get, things).
The first sentence uses more precise language, so it is more formal overall. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Colin has a scar on his left hand. | [
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 0 | Hint: Most scars are caused by accidents during a person's life. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait. |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample B"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sample B mus... | |
What is the capital of Oregon? | [
"Charlotte",
"Sacramento",
"Salt Lake City",
"Salem"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Salem is the capital of Oregon. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the mass of a cherry pie? | [
"3 tons",
"3 ounces",
"3 pounds"
] | 2 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or ton... | The best estimate for the mass of a cherry pie is 3 pounds.
3 ounces is too light and 3 tons is too heavy. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word upset on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
unhappy - usual | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade6 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since upset is between the guide words unhappy - usual, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear Marco,",
"dear Marco,"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Marco is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
From the look on her face, Layla is carrying an albatross around her neck. | [
"Egyptian history",
"a poem"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion an albatross around her neck is a poem.
In Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," a sailor shoots and kills an albatross, an action that curses the ship and crew. As his crew members die, the Ancient Mariner feels his guilt hanging like the albatross around his neck... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Lindsey can ride a bicycle. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | People are not born knowing how to ride a bicycle. Instead, many people learn how to ride. So, riding a bicycle is an acquired trait. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which professional objective on a résumé is more formal? | [
"I seek a position in the beauty field with an emphasis on client relations and sales.",
"I would really enjoy being a makeup artist and selling makeup, too."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Audience, purpose, and tone | Which text is most formal? | Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is... | The second professional objective on a résumé is more formal. It uses more elevated language (a position in the beauty field, an emphasis on client relations). The other professional objective sounds more imprecise (really enjoy) and conversational. | |
Select the organism in the same species as the Eurasian lynx. | [
"Lynx lynx",
"Dendrobates leucomelas",
"Lynx canadensis"
] | 0 | This organism is a Eurasian lynx. Its scientific name is Lynx lynx. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A Eurasian lynx's scientific name is Lynx lynx.
Dendrobates leucomelas does not have the same scientific name as a Eurasian lynx. So, Lynx lynx and Dendrobates leucomelas are not in the same species.
Lynx lynx has the same scientific name as a Eurasian lynx. So, these organisms are in the same species.
Lynx lynx is in ... | |
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
Jupiter's volume is more than 1,000 times that of Earth. | [
"true",
"false"
] | 0 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation.
For ex... | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of 1,000 times the volume of Earth.
Then compare the result to the volume of Jupiter. The volume of Jupiter is 1.43 x 10^15 km^3, which is more than 1.08 x 10^15 km^3. So, Jupiter's volume is more than 1,000 times that of Earth. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Odette's phenotype for the leg color trait? | [
"Ll",
"white legs"
] | 1 | In a group of chickens, some individuals have white legs and others have yellow legs. In this group, the gene for the leg color trait has two alleles. The allele L is for white legs, and the allele l is for yellow legs.
Odette, a chicken from this group, has white legs. Odette has one allele for white legs and one alle... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Odette's observable version of the leg color trait is white legs. So, Odette's phenotype for the leg color trait is white legs. |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Saint Kitts and Nevis",
"Antigua and Barbuda",
"Cuba",
"Jamaica"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Cuba.
Does Cuba have any territorial disputes?
Cuba claims to own Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, which is a disputed territory. In other words, multiple countries or groups claim that the area rightfully belongs to them.
The United States controls the area and uses it as a military base and prison. A treaty... | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Where was Thomas Jefferson from? | [
"Pennsylvania",
"Virginia",
"England",
"Canada"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | us-history | Historical figures | Thomas Jefferson | Thomas Jefferson was from Virginia.
Virginia was a British colony when Thomas Jefferson was born. Virginia was the first of the Thirteen Colonies in North America. More colonists lived in Virginia than in any other British colony.
Thomas Jefferson was not from England. England was a different part of the British Empire... | ||
Select the time the lunchroom is most likely to flood. | [
"when a large amount of snow melts quickly",
"during a drought, when there is not much rain"
] | 0 | Imagine a school is facing a problem caused by flooding.
The lunchroom at Sunset Elementary School floods each year. When there is more than one inch of water on the ground outside, water flows under the doors and into the building. Dr. Rogers, the principal, wants to find a way to protect the lunchroom from flooding. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | literacy-in-science | Engineering practices | Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Felix inherited this trait? | [
"Felix's biological mother often wears her naturally brown hair in a bun.",
"Felix and his biological father have short hair.",
"Felix and his siblings all have naturally straight hair."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Felix has naturally brown hair. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Identify the question that Ernest and William's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do ping pong balls stop rolling along the ground sooner after being launched from a 30° angle or a 45° angle?",
"Do ping pong balls travel farther when launched from a 30° angle compared to a 45° angle?"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Ernest placed a ping pong ball in a catapult, pulled the catapult's arm back to a 45° angle, and launched the ball. Then, Ernest launched another ping pong ball, this time pulling the catapult's arm back to a 30° angle.... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
What can Wayne and Colleen trade to each get what they want? | [
"Wayne can trade his tomatoes for Colleen's carrots.",
"Wayne can trade his tomatoes for Colleen's broccoli.",
"Colleen can trade her almonds for Wayne's tomatoes.",
"Colleen can trade her broccoli for Wayne's oranges."
] | 1 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Wayne and Colleen open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Wayne nor Colleen got everything that they wanted. The ... | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Wayne wants broccoli. Colleen wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
What can Brittany and Camilla trade to each get what they want? | [
"Camilla can trade her broccoli for Brittany's oranges.",
"Camilla can trade her almonds for Brittany's tomatoes.",
"Brittany can trade her tomatoes for Camilla's carrots.",
"Brittany can trade her tomatoes for Camilla's broccoli."
] | 3 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Brittany and Camilla open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Brittany nor Camilla got everything that they wanted... | closed choice | grade8 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Brittany wants broccoli. Camilla wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
After spending weeks in New York City, Sophia was a bit unnerved by the deafening silence of her small hometown. | [
"euphemism",
"oxymoron"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Deafening silence is a contradiction, because deafening describes something extremely loud, and silence is the absence of sound. | |
Which of these continents does the equator intersect? | [
"Australia",
"Africa",
"Antarctica"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Use lines of latitude and longitude | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit... | The equator is the line at 0° latitude. It intersects Africa. It does not intersect Antarctica or Australia. | ||
Which of the following could Ayana's test show? | [
"if adding the blade guards made the drone fly poorly",
"how much the drone weighed with the blade guards",
"if the blade guards would break in a crash"
] | 0 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word heed on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
hang - hinge | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade5 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since heed is between the guide words hang - hinge, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a compound sentence? | [
"We can pack our bags tonight, or we can wait until morning.",
"After dinner I brush my teeth very carefully."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple or compound? | A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.
The pitcher threw the ball to first base.
A compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
The pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.
Some simple sentences have a compound subject or ... | The first sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two simple sentences joined by a comma and the conjunction or.
We can pack our bags tonight, or we can wait until morning. | |
Which property matches this object? | [
"hard",
"flexible"
] | 0 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A hard object does not change shape when pressed or squeezed. The water pitcher is hard.
A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The water pitcher is not flexible. | |
What is the capital of Wyoming? | [
"Helena",
"Boise",
"Cheyenne",
"Laramie"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Cheyenne is the capital of Wyoming. | |||
Which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles? | [
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution B",
"Solution A"
] | 1 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each yellow ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the yellow particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles, look at both the number of yellow particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of yellow particles per mill... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a complete sentence? | [
"We danced for hours, we were tired.",
"Kathleen spilled apple juice on the carpet."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma.
I knocked on the door it opened.
It started raining, we ran inside.
To fix a run-on ... | Kathleen spilled apple juice on the carpet is a complete sentence. The subject is Kathleen, and the verb is spilled. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
peeling a banana
carving a piece of wood | [
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Peeling a banana is a physical change. The peel is not covering the rest of the fruit anymore. But both the peel and the banana are still made of the same type of matter as before.
Carving a piece of wood is a physical change. The wood changes shape, but it is still made of the same typ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
molding clay into the shape of a pot
a rock heating up in a campfire | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Molding clay into the shape of a pot is a physical change. The clay gets a different shape. But it is made of the same type of matter.
A rock heating up in a campfire is a physical change. The temperature of the rock goes up, but the rock is still made of the same type of matter.
Step 2... | |
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
Jupiter's volume is more than 1,000 times that of Earth. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 1 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation.
For ex... | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of 1,000 times the volume of Earth.
Then compare the result to the volume of Jupiter. The volume of Jupiter is 1.43 x 10^15 km^3, which is more than 1.08 x 10^15 km^3. So, Jupiter's volume is more than 1,000 times that of Earth. | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
Complete the statement.
Propane is (). | [
"a compound",
"an elementary substance"
] | 0 | The model below represents a molecule of propane. Propane is used as fuel for heaters, engines, and outdoor grills. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Classify elementary substances and compounds using models | There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are ... | Use the model to determine whether propane is an elementary substance or a compound.
Step 1: Interpret the model.
.
Use the legend to determine the chemical element represented by each color. The colors and atomic symbols from the legend are shown in the table below. The table also includes the names of the chemical el... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
scene - sped | [
"stallion",
"so"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since so is between the guide words scene - sped, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
The wind is blowing in from the east in Newark, New Jersey, tonight. | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 0 | Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
The wind is blowing in from the east in Newark, New Jersey, tonight.
This passage tells you about the wind direction in Newark tonight. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a complete sentence? | [
"Lucy spilled apple juice on the carpet.",
"The judge talks about the new law, everyone listens."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma.
I knocked on the door it opened.
It started raining, we ran inside.
To fix a run-on ... | Lucy spilled apple juice on the carpet is a complete sentence. The subject is Lucy, and the verb is spilled. | |
What is the capital of Arizona? | [
"Olympia",
"Tucson",
"Helena",
"Phoenix"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Phoenix is the capital of Arizona. | |||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
"Haiti",
"Cuba",
"The Bahamas"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is The Bahamas. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Brittany's phone slipped out of her pocket, landing in the toilet with a plop. | [
"verbal irony",
"onomatopoeia"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses onomatopoeia, a word that expresses a sound.
Plop represents the sound of the phone landing in the toilet. | |
Which of the following was a dependent variable in this experiment? | [
"the temperature of the water",
"the number of moldy blackberries"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and think about the variables that are described.
Herman's grandmother suggested that soaking berries in hot water might help prevent the berries from getting moldy.
To test this idea, Herman harvested fresh blackberries and divided them evenly into eight bow... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify independent and dependent variables | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to find out how one variable affects another variable. For example, imagine that you want to find out if fertilizer affects the number of tomatoes a tomato plant grows. To answer this question, you decide to set up two equal groups of tomato... | ||
What can Hazel and Xavier trade to each get what they want? | [
"Hazel can trade her tomatoes for Xavier's broccoli.",
"Hazel can trade her tomatoes for Xavier's carrots.",
"Xavier can trade his broccoli for Hazel's oranges.",
"Xavier can trade his almonds for Hazel's tomatoes."
] | 0 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Hazel and Xavier open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Hazel nor Xavier got everything that they wanted. The ta... | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Hazel wants broccoli. Xavier wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 0 | Figure: the Red Sea.
The Red Sea is a popular place for windsurfing. Winds are especially strong there each year from November to March.
Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Weather and climate around the world | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the passage carefully.
The Red Sea is a popular place for windsurfing. Winds are especially strong there each year from November to March.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual wind patterns at the Red Sea. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this... | |
Which of the following best describes a population on sea ice in the Arctic? | [
"a group of ringed seals",
"the walruses and the sea ice",
"the polar bears and the walruses"
] | 0 | Read the passage. Then answer the question below.
Sea ice in the Arctic is a resting place for many mammals. Species such as ringed seals, walruses, and polar bears rest on sea ice when they are not hunting in the water below.
These mammals are adapted to extremely cold temperatures. Ringed seals and walruses grow thi... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe populations, communities, and ecosystems | In an environment, organisms interact with each other and with their nonliving surroundings. To help describe these interactions, ecologists use specific terms for different types of groups.
A single organism is an individual. Individuals of the same species that live in the same place are part of a population.
Multipl... | ||
In this food chain, the blue sprat is a secondary consumer. Why? | [
"It eats a primary consumer.",
"It eats a producer.",
"It eats a secondary consumer."
] | 0 | This diagram shows a food chain from a tropical coral reef ecosystem off the coast of Australia. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Identify roles in food chains | Every organism needs food to stay alive. Organisms get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how organisms in an ecosystem get their food.
The food chain begins with the producer. A producer can change matter that is not food into food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. Ca... | In this food chain, the blue sprat is a secondary consumer because it eats a primary consumer. The primary consumer in this food chain is the copepod. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet!
—Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Julie, or the New Heloise | [
"antithesis",
"anaphora"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing id... | The text uses antithesis, the contrasting of opposing ideas within a parallel grammatical structure.
Rousseau contrasts two parallel clauses, patience is bitter and fruit is sweet. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Read the following text from a student essay. How can the writer best improve his or her sentence fluency?
If I became student council president, I would make significant changes at my school. I would help my fellow students by being the voice of the student body and communicating openly and effectively with the princi... | [
"by varying sentence length",
"by combining sentences containing related information"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | writing-strategies | Editing and revising | Suggest appropriate revisions | When you review a fellow student's writing, try to make your feedback clear and specific. You can use questions such as the following to guide your feedback:
Ideas and development: Does the writer express a clear main idea and develop it with evidence, examples, and analysis?
Organization: Does the writer order ideas i... | The writer could best improve his or her sentence fluency by varying sentence length.
For example, the writer could shorten the underlined sentences to make the text read more smoothly.
If I became student council president, I would make significant changes at my school. I would help my fellow students by being the voi... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"At lunchtime, John can often be found reading at his favorite café, where the servers provide unlimited coffee refills.",
"At lunchtime, John can often be found reading at his favorite café, where they provide unlimited coffee refills."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun they is used without its antecedent.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. They has been replaced with the servers.
At lunchtime, John can often be found reading at his favorite café, where the server... | |
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 1 | Figure: Kosice.
Kosice is a town in the European country of Slovakia. High pressure systems and sunny skies are common in Kosice each year in September and October.
Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Weather and climate around the world | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the passage carefully.
Kosice is a town in the European country of Slovakia. High pressure systems and sunny skies are common in Kosice each year in September and October.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual pattern of barometric pressure in Kosice. This passage does not describe what the ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
Polly felt intimidated by the steep cliff that she faced on her first rock-climbing adventure. | [
"interrogative",
"declarative",
"exclamatory"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement and always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An imperative sentence makes a request or a demand and usually ends with a period. If a demand shows strong feeling, it can ... | The sentence is a statement and ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence. |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.