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Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of two humpback whales. Which humpback whale was moving at a higher speed? | [
"a humpback whale that moved 15miles in 5hours",
"a humpback whale that moved 25miles in 5hours"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects movi... | Look at the distance each humpback whale moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One humpback whale moved 25 miles in 5 hours.
The other humpback whale moved 15 miles in 5 hours.
Notice that each humpback whale spent the same amount of time moving. The humpback whale that moved 25 miles moved a farther distan... | |
Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Indian Ocean. | ||
What is the capital of Illinois? | [
"Springfield",
"Saint Paul",
"Boise",
"Chicago"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Springfield is the capital of Illinois. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of two birds. Which bird was moving at a lower speed? | [
"a bird that moved 15kilometers in 10hours",
"a bird that moved 90kilometers in 10hours"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects... | Look at the distance each bird moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One bird moved 15 kilometers in 10 hours.
The other bird moved 90 kilometers in 10 hours.
Notice that each bird spent the same amount of time moving. The bird that moved 15 kilometers moved a shorter distance in that time. So, that bird mu... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence uses a metaphor? | [
"The wave was a towering wall rising from the sea.",
"The wave rose from the sea like a towering wall."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Identify similes and metaphors | Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.
A simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.
My sister runs like a cheetah.
The sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.
A che... | This sentence uses a metaphor:
The wave was a towering wall rising from the sea.
The words wave and wall are compared without the word like or as.
This sentence uses a simile:
The wave rose from the sea like a towering wall.
The words wave and wall are compared using the word like. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which type of sentence is this?
Toby took several incredible panoramic photographs of the sweeping view from the top of Table Mountain. | [
"simple",
"compound",
"complex",
"compound-complex"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is simple. It is a single independent clause.
Toby took several incredible panoramic photographs of the sweeping view from the top of Table Mountain. | |
What is the capital of Delaware? | [
"Dover",
"Hartford",
"Georgetown",
"Wilmington"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Dover is the capital of Delaware. | |||
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different shapes. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same.
So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word grief on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
generally - good | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade6 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since grief is not between the guide words generally - good, it would not be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one substance that is not a mineral. | [
"A turtle shell is not a pure substance. It is made by a living thing.",
"Celestine is a pure substance. It is a solid.",
"Hematite is not made by living things. It is a solid."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify minerals using properties | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed cry... | Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals.
A turtle shell is made by a living thing. But minerals are not made by living things.
A turtle shell is not a pure substance. But all minerals are pure substances.
So, a turtle s... | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2."
] | 1 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 1 attract. The magnets in Pair 2 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Ellen acquired this trait? | [
"Ellen likes to visit sunflower fields.",
"Last summer, Ellen's neighbor showed her how to grow sunflowers.",
"Both Ellen and her father grow sunflowers."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Ellen knows how to grow sunflowers. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence.
A piece of pear turning brown is a (). | [
"chemical change",
"physical change"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before an... | A piece of a pear turning brown is a chemical change. The substances in the pear react with oxygen in the air and turn into a different type of matter.
If you scrape off the brown part of the pear, the inside will still be white. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change hasn't happened to that part of ... | |
What can Ryan and Eric trade to each get what they want? | [
"Eric can trade his almonds for Ryan's tomatoes.",
"Ryan can trade his tomatoes for Eric's carrots.",
"Eric can trade his broccoli for Ryan's oranges.",
"Ryan can trade his tomatoes for Eric's broccoli."
] | 3 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Ryan and Eric open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Ryan nor Eric got everything that they wanted. The table be... | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Ryan wants broccoli. Eric wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Tamir's room is as tidy as an overgrown garden. | [
"verbal irony",
"onomatopoeia"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
As tidy as an overgrown garden shows verbal irony because an overgrown garden is not tidy. | |
Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"Maine",
"Montana",
"New York",
"Minnesota"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. New York is farthest south. | ||
Which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles? | [
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution B",
"Solution A"
] | 2 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each pink ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter.
... | |
Complete the sentence to estimate the diameter of the Sun compared to Earth.
The Sun's diameter is about () times greater than Earth's. | [
"3",
"10",
"100"
] | 2 | Our solar system is made up of the Sun and all the objects that move around it. These objects include planets, moons, asteroids, and comets.
The sizes of the objects in the solar system are difficult to imagine without the help of a model. Models make certain characteristics of a system easier to understand. A model ca... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze models of the Earth-Sun-Moon system | In the model, the Sun and Earth are spheres. The diameter of a sphere is the distance from one side to the other through the center. You can use the model to estimate how many Earth diameters would add up to the Sun's diameter.
The Sun's diameter is represented by a black line. Earth's diameter is equal to the width of... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
His Machiavellian strategies landed him a promotion. | [
"a song",
"history"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Machiavellian is history.
During the Renaissance, Niccolò Machiavelli wrote The Prince, an essay that claims that achieving and maintaining political power requires dishonesty and ruthlessness.
The allusion Machiavellian means deceptive and cutthroat. | |
Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Indian Ocean. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Julie acquired this trait? | [
"Julie is most interested in human biology.",
"Julie learned biology by reading, observing, and experimenting."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Julie knows a lot about biology. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Perry acquired this trait? | [
"Perry's friend showed him how to ride a bicycle.",
"Perry and his mother both ride bicycles.",
"Perry rides his bicycle to school."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Perry can ride a bicycle. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Lonesome wolf, filling the dark night with your plaintive howl, will you be reunited with your pack before dawn? | [
"antithesis",
"apostrophe"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: anaphora, antithesis, apostrophe, assonance, chiasmus, understatement | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing id... | The text uses apostrophe, a direct address to an absent person or a nonhuman entity.
Lonesome wolf is a direct address to a wolf, a nonhuman entity. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the solid. | [
"oxygen",
"caramel sauce",
"ballet shoes",
"coffee"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify solids, liquids, and gases | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | Caramel sauce is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you pour caramel sauce into a container, the caramel sauce will take the shape of that container. But the caramel sauce will still take up the same amount of space.
A ballet shoe is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. When a... | |
Select the chemical formula for this molecule. | [
"H4",
"P2H4",
"H3",
"PH3"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Match chemical formulas to ball-and-stick models | Every substance around you is made up of atoms. Atoms can link together to form molecules. The links between atoms in a molecule are called chemical bonds. Different molecules are made up of different chemical elements, or types of atoms, bonded together.
Scientists use both ball-and-stick models and chemical formulas ... | P is the symbol for phosphorus. H is the symbol for hydrogen. This ball-and-stick model shows a molecule with one phosphorus atom and three hydrogen atoms.
The chemical formula will contain the symbols P and H. There is one phosphorus atom, so P will not have a subscript. There are three hydrogen atoms, so H will have ... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Cooper inherited this trait? | [
"Cooper's mother has blue eyes. She passed this trait down to Cooper.",
"Cooper likes to wear a blue sweater to match his blue eyes."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Cooper has blue eyes. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
What can Vicky and Regan trade to each get what they want? | [
"Vicky can trade her tomatoes for Regan's broccoli.",
"Vicky can trade her tomatoes for Regan's sandwich.",
"Regan can trade her broccoli for Vicky's oranges.",
"Regan can trade her almonds for Vicky's tomatoes."
] | 0 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Vicky and Regan open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Vicky wanted br... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Vicky wanted broccoli in her lunch and Regan was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Vicky has tomatoes. Regan has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want. | ||
In this experiment, which were part of an experimental group? | [
"the plots with fires",
"the plots with no fires"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment.
Dr. Moran was the land manager for a prairie. The prairie had become overrun by unwanted grasses that were crowding out other plants. Dr. Moran thought she could use fire to remove the unwanted grasses.
Dr. Moran marked off six plots within a large area of the prairie. In thr... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify control and experimental groups | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to investigate whether changing a variable between different groups has a specific outcome.
For example, imagine you want to find out whether adding fertilizer to soil affects the height of pea plants. You could investigate this question wit... | In this experiment, Dr. Moran investigated whether burning plots of prairie affects which grasses grow. So, the plots with fires were part of an experimental group.
The plots with no fires were not burned. So, they were not part of an experimental group. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"During the summer months, volleyball is more fun to play than basketball.",
"A physical fitness teacher came up with the idea for volleyball."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Opinion writing | Distinguish facts from opinions | A fact is something that can be proved to be true.
The month of July has more days than the month of June.
This is a fact. It can be proved by looking at a calendar and counting the number of days in each month.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An opinion cannot be proved true.
July is ... | The second sentence states a fact.
A physical fitness teacher came up with the idea for volleyball.
It can be proved by reading a book about volleyball.
The first sentence states an opinion.
During the summer months, volleyball is more fun to play than basketball.
More fun shows what a person believes, thinks, or feels... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
compost rotting
cooking an egg | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Compost forms from the remains of plants and animals, such as vegetable scraps and egg shells. Compost rotting is a chemical change. As the compost rots, it breaks down and turns into a different type of matter.
Cooking an egg is a chemical change. The heat causes the matter in the egg ... | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 0 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The no... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
saliva breaking down a piece of bread
a banana getting ripe on the counter | [
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Saliva breaking down a piece of bread is a chemical change. Bread is made up mostly of a chemical called starch. Saliva breaks the bonds between atoms in the starch molecules.
The atoms then link together to form smaller, simpler molecules of sugar. The sugar is a different type of matt... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the statement. Assume that the sled's mass did not change.
The gravitational potential energy stored between the sled and Earth () as Emilia rode down the hill. | [
"decreased",
"increased",
"stayed the same"
] | 0 | Read the text about an object in motion.
On a snowy day, Emilia rode her sled down a big hill. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Kinetic and potential energy | Identify changes in gravitational potential energy | Gravitational potential energy is stored between any two objects. So, for every object on or near Earth, there is gravitational potential energy stored between the object and Earth.
The amount of gravitational potential energy stored between an object and Earth depends on the mass of the object. The amount of gravitati... | Think about how the distance between the sled and the center of Earth changed.
The bottom of the hill was lower than the point where Emilia started sledding. As Emilia rode toward the bottom of the hill, the distance between the sled and the center of Earth decreased. So, the gravitational potential energy stored betwe... |
What is the capital of Wisconsin? | [
"Des Moines",
"Madison",
"Burlington",
"Pierre"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Madison is the capital of Wisconsin. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
As much as we might like to freeze time, it (). | [
"cannot be stopped",
"marches on"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the phrase marches on. It describes time as if it were a person who keeps walking forward. | |
Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Southern Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Atlantic Ocean. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Kaylee's shoes are superior, because they're made from one hundred percent snakeskin, not synthetic materials. | [
"red herring: the use of a completely unrelated topic or idea",
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Kaylee's shoes are the best, because they're made with snakeskin rather than synthetic materials. However, even though the shoes are made from snakes, that doesn't necessarily mean that they are better. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as an appeal to nature. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a garden snail? | [
"30 meters",
"30 kilometers",
"30 millimeters"
] | 2 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is lar... | The best estimate for the length of a garden snail is 30 millimeters.
30 meters and 30 kilometers are both too long. |
Which state is highlighted? | [
"Texas",
"Tennessee",
"Florida",
"Georgia"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | States | Identify states of the Southeast | This state is Florida. | |||
Which term matches the picture? | [
"Hawaiian eruption",
"Strombolian eruption"
] | 1 | Read the text.
Volcanic eruptions are classified by their appearance and their behavior. During a Hawaiian eruption, for example, lava is ejected from the volcano in a column. These jets can last for several hours or for days. The lava that flows from this type of eruption can often travel for miles before cooling and ... | closed choice | grade8 | language science | word-study | Domain-specific vocabulary | Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures | A Strombolian eruption has short, explosive bursts of lava. | ||
Which property matches this object? | [
"hard",
"yellow"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A hard object does not change shape when pressed or squeezed. The rubber gloves are not hard.
Yellow is a color.
This color is yellow. The rubber gloves are yellow. | |
Which bird's beak is also adapted to crack large, hard nuts? | [
"white-tipped sicklebill",
"African gray parrot"
] | 1 | Military macaws live in the forests of Central and South America. They eat large seeds and nuts. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to crack open large, hard nuts.
Figure: military macaw. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ... | Look at the picture of the military macaw.
The military macaw has a thick hooked beak. Its beak is adapted to crack large, hard nuts. The military macaw uses its thick beak to crack the shell of a nut by squeezing it. The hooked shape of the beak can help the bird hold the nut in place while cracking it.
Now look at ea... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word reason on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
ravenous - right | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade5 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since reason is between the guide words ravenous - right, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Brad felt better about collaborating on the research project after Eric talked with him about it.",
"After Eric talked with Brad about the research project, he felt better about collaborating on it."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun he could refer to Eric or Brad.
After Eric talked with Brad about the research project, he felt better about collaborating on it.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has been rewritten so t... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is this Nile tilapia fish's phenotype for the body color trait? | [
"a greenish-brown body",
"BB"
] | 0 | In a group of Nile tilapia fish, some individuals have a greenish-brown body and others have a pink body. In this group, the gene for the body color trait has two alleles. The allele B is for a greenish-brown body, and the allele b is for a pink body.
A certain Nile tilapia fish from this group has a greenish-brown bod... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. The Nile tilapia fish's observable version of the body color trait is a greenish-brown body. So, the fish's phenotype for the body color trait is a greenish-brown body. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which change best matches the sentence?
The area around a lake gets covered by water after heavy rain. | [
"volcanic eruption",
"wildfire",
"flood"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Earth events | Classify changes to Earth's surface I | |||
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
The smallest planet is made mainly of rock. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 1 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation.
For ex... | To decide which planet is the smallest, look at the volumes shown in the table and compare the exponents. Mercury's volume has an exponent of 10, which is the smallest out of all the planets.
Mercury is made mainly of rock. So, the smallest planet is made mainly of rock. | |
Is the air moving through a flute a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a solid",
"a gas",
"a liquid"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify and sort solids, liquids, and gases | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | The air moving through a flute is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space.
The air in a flute expands to fill all the space inside the flute. When air leaves the flute, the air expands to fill a much larger space. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Right after Raymond moved into the apartment, our washing machine broke. He'd better tell us how he broke it. | [
"false causation: the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other",
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Raymond is responsible for the broken washing machine. However, the fact that the machine stopped working soon after Raymond moved in doesn't necessarily mean that he caused the machine to break. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as false causation. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"A honeybee can make one-twelfth of a teaspoon of honey in its lifetime.",
"Bees are especially useful insects because they can make honey."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Distinguish facts from opinions | A fact is something that can be proved to be true.
The month of July has more days than the month of June.
This is a fact. It can be proved by looking at a calendar and counting the number of days in each month.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An opinion cannot be proved true.
July is ... | The first sentence states a fact.
A honeybee can make one-twelfth of a teaspoon of honey in its lifetime.
It can be proved by looking up information about honeybees.
The second sentence states an opinion.
Bees are especially useful insects because they can make honey.
Especially useful shows what a person believes, thi... | |
What can Pablo and Judith trade to each get what they want? | [
"Pablo can trade his tomatoes for Judith's broccoli.",
"Pablo can trade his tomatoes for Judith's carrots.",
"Judith can trade her almonds for Pablo's tomatoes.",
"Judith can trade her broccoli for Pablo's oranges."
] | 0 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Pablo and Judith open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Pablo nor Judith got everything that they wanted. The ta... | closed choice | grade8 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Pablo wants broccoli. Judith wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
Is a ring a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a solid",
"a liquid",
"a gas"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Classify matter as solid, liquid, or gas | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a shape of its own.
Some solids can be bent or broken easily. Others are hard to bend or break.
A glass cup is a solid. A sock is also a solid.
When matter i... | A ring is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own.
A ring keeps its shape, even when you take it off your finger. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the verbal irony in this text suggest?
"It was my good luck to have to study for a test while all my friends went to the water park," Leroy remarked. | [
"Leroy was upset about staying home.",
"Leroy wanted time to catch up on his responsibilities."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking dow... | The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
Good luck ironically suggests that Leroy was upset about staying home. Leroy was actually unlucky because he couldn't join his friends at the water park. | |
Is galena a mineral or a rock? | [
"mineral",
"rock"
] | 0 | Galena has the following properties:
metallic luster
naturally occurring
not made by organisms
fixed crystal structure
solid
pure substance | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify rocks and minerals | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed cry... | Galena has all the properties of a mineral. So, galena is a mineral. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
mansion - modern | [
"message",
"muscle"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since message is between the guide words mansion - modern, it would be found on that page. | |
Which month is the wettest on average in Cairo? | [
"September",
"January",
"July"
] | 1 | Use the graph to answer the question below. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Use climate data to make predictions | Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Precipitation, or rain and snow, is one type of climate data. Scientists collect data over many years. They can use this data to calculate the average precipitation for each month. The average precipitation can be used to describe the climate of a location.
A... | To describe the average precipitation trends in Cairo, look at the graph.
Choice "Jan" is incorrect.
Choice "Jul" is incorrect.
Choice "Sep" is incorrect.
January has an average monthly precipitation of about 15 millimeters. This is higher than in any other month. So, January is the wettest month on average. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the statement. Assume that the motorcycle's mass did not change.
The gravitational potential energy stored between the motorcycle and Earth () as Rodrigo rode up the hill. | [
"decreased",
"increased",
"stayed the same"
] | 1 | Read the text about an object in motion.
Rodrigo rode his motorcycle from the bottom of a hill to the top of the hill. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Kinetic and potential energy | Identify changes in gravitational potential energy | Gravitational potential energy is stored between any two objects. So, for every object on or near Earth, there is gravitational potential energy stored between the object and Earth.
The amount of gravitational potential energy stored between an object and Earth depends on the mass of the object. The amount of gravitati... | Think about how the distance between the motorcycle and the center of Earth changed.
The top of the hill is higher than the bottom of the hill. As Rodrigo rode toward the top of the hill, the distance between the motorcycle and the center of Earth increased. So, the gravitational potential energy stored between the mot... |
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"sweet",
"fuzzy",
"opaque"
] | 0 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
An opaque object does not let light through. None of the objects are opaque.
A fuzzy object is covered in soft hair. The jello is not fuzzy.
Sugar has a sweet taste. All three objects are sweet.
The property that all three objects have in common is s... | |
Which better describes the Cerrado ecosystem? | [
"It has year-round rain. It also has soil that is poor in nutrients.",
"It has warm winters. It also has a rainy season and a dry season."
] | 1 | Figure: Cerrado.
The Cerrado is a savanna grassland ecosystem in Brazil. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A savanna grassland is a type of ecosystem. Savanna grasslands have the following features: warm summers and warm winters, a rainy season and a dry season, and soil that is poor in nutrients. So, the Cerrado has warm winters. It also has a rainy season and a dry season. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one animal that has all of the cartilaginous fish traits listed above. | [
"Amazon milk frogs have moist skin and live in South American rain forests. They hatch from eggs with no shells and begin their lives in water. As adults, Amazon milk frogs live in trees and eat insects.",
"Manta rays have wide, triangle-shaped fins that help them swim long distances. They have a skeleton made of... | 1 | Cartilaginous fish are a group of animals with similar traits. The following traits can be used to identify cartilaginous fish:
They have fins, not limbs.
They live underwater.
They have a skeleton made of cartilage.
They make eggs with no shells. Observe the animals and read the descriptions. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Use evidence to classify animals | Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.
How do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, sc... | To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.
Cartilaginous fish have the following traits:
They have fins, not limbs.
They live underwater.
They have a skeleton made of cartilage.
They make eggs with no shells.
Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with tra... |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Estelle has naturally straight hair. | [
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Some humans are born with naturally straight hair. Others are born with naturally curly hair. Straight and curly are examples of hair texture.
Some people use tools to change how their hair looks. But this doesn't affect the natural texture of their hair. So, having naturally straight hair is an inherited trait. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The smaller the magnets, the smaller the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is smaller in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnit... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which phrase has a more negative connotation? | [
"an odor",
"a stench"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | vocabulary | Shades of meaning | Positive and negative connotation | Connotation is the feeling or idea that goes along with a word or phrase. Some words are close in meaning but have different connotations.
For example, think about the words eager and impatient. They both mean wanting something to happen, but they have different connotations.
Eager has a positive connotation. It is a n... | A stench has a more negative connotation. Stench and odor both denote a smell. However, stench always suggests an unpleasant smell. | |
Which property matches this object? | [
"scratchy",
"sweet"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The peach is not scratchy.
Sugar has a sweet taste. The peach is sweet. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which correctly shows the title of a book? | [
"The cat in the Hat",
"The Cat in the Hat"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Capitalizing titles | In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or | Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The words in and the are not important, so they should not be capitalized.
The correct title is The Cat in the Hat. | |
What is the capital of Arizona? | [
"Springfield",
"Phoenix",
"Tucson",
"Portland"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Phoenix is the capital of Arizona. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the reptile. | [
"Amazon tree boa",
"red-eyed tree frog",
"poison dart frog",
"salmon"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Reptiles have scaly, waterproof skin. Most reptiles live on land. | A salmon is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Unlike most other fish, salmon can live in both fresh water and salt water.
An Amazon tree boa is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.
Tree boas eat small mammals, birds, lizards, and frogs. Tree boas only need to eat once every few months!
A red-eye... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
In the distance, the thunder () loudly. | [
"grumbled",
"echoed"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the word grumbled. It describes the thunder as if it were a grumpy person. | |
What is the capital of Georgia? | [
"Savannah",
"Nashville",
"Atlanta",
"Athens"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Atlanta is the capital of Georgia. | |||
In this experiment, which were part of an experimental group? | [
"the plants watered with tap water",
"the plants watered with greywater"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment.
Nora wanted to find ways to save water. She learned that people can reuse greywater, which is water that has been used in sinks, tubs, and washing machines. She wondered if her plants would be less healthy if she watered them with greywater instead of tap water.
Nora placed e... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify control and experimental groups | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to investigate whether changing a variable between different groups has a specific outcome.
For example, imagine you want to find out whether adding fertilizer to soil affects the height of pea plants. You could investigate this question wit... | In this experiment, Nora investigated whether watering plants with greywater affects the health of the plants. So, the plants watered with greywater were part of an experimental group.
The plants watered with tap water did not get greywater. So, they were not part of an experimental group. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same.
So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | |
Which type of force from the mom moves the stroller forward? | [
"pull",
"push"
] | 1 | A mom takes her baby for a walk. She applies a force to the baby's stroller to move it forward. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Identify pushes and pulls | A force is a push or a pull that one object applies to a second object.
The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing.
The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling. | The mom applies a force to the stroller to move it forward. The direction of this force is away from the mom. This force is a push. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Muffin's phenotype for the ear type trait? | [
"dumbo ears",
"normal ears"
] | 1 | This passage describes the ear type trait in rats:
In a group of rats, some individuals have normal ears and others have dumbo ears. In this group, the gene for the ear type trait has two alleles. The allele for normal ears (E) is dominant over the allele for dumbo ears (e).
Muffin is a rat from this group. Muffin has... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | You need to determine Muffin's phenotype for the ear type trait. First, consider the alleles in Muffin's genotype for the ear type gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive.
The allele for normal ears (E) is dominant over the allele for dumbo ears (e). This means E is a dominant allele, and e i... |
What is the capital of New Jersey? | [
"Trenton",
"Fargo",
"Montpelier",
"Newark"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Trenton is the capital of New Jersey. | |||
Which of the following fossils is older? Select the more likely answer. | [
"mammal tooth",
"wood"
] | 1 | This diagram shows fossils in an undisturbed sedimentary rock sequence. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Fossils | Compare ages of fossils in a rock sequence | A fossil is the preserved evidence of an ancient organism. Some fossils are formed from body parts such as bones or shells. Other fossils, such as footprints or burrows, are formed from traces of an organism's activities.
Fossils are typically found in sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary rocks usually form in layers. Over t... | Look again at the fossils in the rock sequence diagram.
Compare the positions of these fossils to determine which one is older:
The wood fossil is in a deeper layer in the rock sequence than the mammal tooth fossil. So, the wood fossil is most likely older than the mammal tooth fossil. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
As we hiked through the snow-covered woods, we remembered the weather forecaster's predictions, which seemed in retrospect rather Panglossian. | [
"the Bible",
"literature"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Gree... | The source of the allusion Panglossian is literature.
In Voltaire's 1759 novel Candide, Pangloss is a tutor whose worldview is relentlessly upbeat to the point of excessive optimism.
The allusion Panglossian means unreasonably positive. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a complete sentence? | [
"The explorers nervously entered the dark cave.",
"Jerry borrowed my book he enjoyed it."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma.
I knocked on the door it opened.
It started raining, we ran inside.
To fix a run-on ... | The explorers nervously entered the dark cave is a complete sentence. The subject is the explorers, and the verb is entered. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which tense does the sentence use?
Ed will wash the dishes after dinner. | [
"present tense",
"future tense",
"past tense"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, wash. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Toby is a real Benedict Arnold. After promising to work on my campaign for class president, he decided to support my opponent. | [
"allusion",
"personification"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.
Benedict Arnold alludes to the American general during the Revolutionary War who betrayed his country and fought for the British. | |
Identify the question that Jackie's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do the insides of white boxes get hotter than the insides of black boxes when the boxes are left in the sun?",
"Do the temperatures inside boxes depend on the sizes of the boxes?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Jackie glued lids onto 16 cardboard shoe boxes of equal size. She painted eight of the boxes black and eight of the boxes white. Jackie made a small hole in the side of each box and then stuck a thermometer partially in... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Is a glue stick a good or a service? | [
"a service",
"a good"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Goods and services | Everything you can buy is either a good or a service.
A good is something you can touch or hold in your hands. For example, a hammer is a good.
A service is a job you pay someone else to do. For example, cooking food in a restaurant is a service. | To decide whether a glue stick is a good or a service, ask these questions:
Is a glue stick something you can touch? Yes.
Is a glue stick a job you might pay someone else to do? No.
So, a glue stick is a good. | |
Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves? | [
"fantastic leaf-tailed gecko",
"fire salamander"
] | 0 | Orange oakleaf butterflies live in the forests of Asia. This butterfly is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves.
Figure: orange oakleaf butterfly. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the orange oakleaf butterfly.
The orange oakleaf butterfly has a brown leaf-shaped body. It is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves, which often have a reddish or brownish color. The word camouflage means to blend in.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptatio... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which type of sentence is this?
An avid reader, Noah attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month. | [
"compound",
"simple",
"compound-complex",
"complex"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is compound. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction and.
An avid reader, Noah attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month. | |
Identify the question that Charlotte's experiment can best answer. | [
"Does linen fabric turn darker than cotton fabric when soaked in a mixture of black dye and water?",
"Does fabric turn darker when soaked in a mixture of black dye and water for 15 minutes compared to 30 minutes?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Charlotte prepared ten buckets, each with one gallon of boiling water and three tablespoons of black fabric dye. Charlotte soaked white linen fabric squares in five of the buckets, and white cotton fabric squares in the... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
What is the capital of New Jersey? | [
"Hartford",
"Trenton",
"Newark",
"Jersey City"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Trenton is the capital of New Jersey. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the idiom in this text suggest?
In such an unfamiliar environment, Pedro was a fish out of water. | [
"Pedro didn't have any friends.",
"Pedro felt out of place."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake. | The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.
The idiom a fish out of water suggests that Pedro felt out of place. A fish out of water is someone out of his or her usual, comfortable environment. | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"New Zealand",
"Tonga",
"Samoa",
"Tuvalu"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Samoa. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word random in its traditional sense? | [
"Eve made a random trip to the grocery store, though her kitchen was already stocked with a hodgepodge of food.",
"At the grocery store, Eve hastily grabbed fruits and vegetables at random, filling her shopping cart with a hodgepodge of food."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses random in its traditional sense: made or occurring without a definite pattern.
At the grocery store, Eve hastily grabbed fruits and vegetables at random, filling her shopping cart with a hodgepodge of food.
The second text uses random in its nontraditional sense: odd or out of place.
Eve made a rand... | |
Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"Connecticut",
"Alabama",
"Pennsylvania",
"Kentucky"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Alabama is farthest south. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which change best matches the sentence?
Sand is dropped by wind in a desert. | [
"meteorite crash",
"erosion",
"deposition"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Earth events | Classify changes to Earth's surface II | |||
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Virginia",
"Delaware",
"Maryland",
"Pennsylvania"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | us-history | English colonies in North America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Delaware. | |||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample B"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. The particles in sample B also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average ... | |
Do moss plants produce seeds? | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | This diagram shows the life cycle of a moss. | yes or no | grade7 | natural science | biology | Plant reproduction | Moss and fern life cycles | Moss plants reproduce using both asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.
Moss plants use their male and female parts for sexual reproduction. The male parts produce sperm. Moss live in damp environments, and moss sperm can travel through water to the female parts.
The sperm fuse with eggs in the female part. This... | Moss plants do not produce seeds. Moss plants produce spores, eggs, and sperm. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a complete sentence? | [
"The park is a beautiful place, everyone goes there.",
"Jordan's family moved to a different state."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb.
Knows the answer.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subj... | Jordan's family moved to a different state is a complete sentence. The subject is Jordan's family, and the verb is moved. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear grandma zoe,",
"Dear Grandma Zoe,"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Grandma Zoe is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is smoother? | [
"butter",
"sandpaper"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For examp... | Smooth is a property. A smooth material is not rough or bumpy.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the butter is smoother. If you touch a stick of butter, it will not feel rough or bumpy. | |
How are sloths able to hang on to trees? | [
"Their claws are like hooks.",
"Their fur is sticky."
] | 0 | Read the passage about sloths and algae.
Sloths spend most of their lives up in trees. Their long claws, shaped like hooks, help them hang on to the branches. Sloths eat and sleep in trees, sometimes hanging upside down.
Sloths don't move a whole lot. Sometimes algae, tiny green plants, grow on their fur. Algae can mak... | closed choice | grade2 | language science | reading-comprehension | Independent reading comprehension | Read and understand informational passages | Look at the passage. It tells you how sloths are able to hang on to trees.
Sloths spend most of their lives up in trees. Their long claws, shaped like hooks, help them hang on to the branches. Sloths eat and sleep in trees, sometimes hanging upside down. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a complete sentence? | [
"Swims happily in the beautiful coral reef.",
"Emmet's family moved to a different state."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb.
Knows the answer.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subj... | Emmet's family moved to a different state is a complete sentence. The subject is Emmet's family, and the verb is moved. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"The number of people who commute more than an hour to work is outrageous.",
"The majority of people who commute to work drive alone rather than carpool."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Distinguish facts from opinions | Statements of fact make claims that are based on research, observation, or experimentation. Facts can be proved with evidence.
Napoleon Bonaparte was shorter than King Louis XVI.
This statement is a fact. The statement can be verified by researching and comparing the height of each man.
Statements of opinion make claim... | The first sentence states a fact. It can be verified by looking up how many people drive alone and how many carpool to work.
The majority of people who commute to work drive alone rather than carpool.
The second sentence states an opinion. Outrageous indicates a personal judgment.
The number of people who commute more ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Two baked potatoes have the same temperature but different masses. Which potato has less thermal energy? | [
"the baked potato with more mass",
"the baked potato with less mass"
] | 1 | The objects are made of the same type of matter. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How are temperature and mass related to thermal energy? | Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. ... | The two baked potatoes have the same temperature and are made of the same type of matter. So, the baked potato with less mass has less thermal energy. |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.