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Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
Neptune's volume is more than 50 times as great as that of Earth. | [
"true",
"false"
] | 0 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade7 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of 50 times the volume of Earth.
Then compare the result to the volume of Neptune. The volume of Neptune is 62,530 billion km^3, which is more than 54,500 billion km^3. So, Neptune's volume is more than 50 times as great as that of Earth. | |
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Maryland",
"New Hampshire",
"Mississippi",
"Virginia"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | us-history | English colonies in North America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Maryland. | |||
What is the capital of Rhode Island? | [
"Newport",
"Harrisburg",
"Hartford",
"Providence"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Providence is the capital of Rhode Island. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which phrase has a more negative connotation? | [
"an excuse",
"a reason"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | vocabulary | Shades of meaning | Positive and negative connotation | Connotation is the feeling or idea that goes along with a word or phrase. Some words are close in meaning but have different connotations.
For example, think about the words eager and impatient. They both mean wanting something to happen, but they have different connotations.
Eager has a positive connotation. It is a n... | An excuse has a more negative connotation. An excuse is usually not a very good reason. | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Grenada",
"Saint Lucia",
"Haiti",
"Saint Kitts and Nevis"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Saint Kitts and Nevis. | |||
Which state is highlighted? | [
"Idaho",
"Washington",
"Oregon",
"Hawaii"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | States | Identify the 50 states | This state is Hawaii. | |||
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
What is the capital of Mississippi? | [
"Biloxi",
"Jackson",
"Baton Rouge",
"Providence"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Jackson is the capital of Mississippi. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Despite Harper's insistence that she would raise Cain if we ever got lost, we decided to try taking a shortcut. | [
"Greek mythology",
"the Bible"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Gree... | The source of the allusion raise Cain is the Bible.
In the Bible, Adam and Eve's son Cain murders his brother in a jealous rage.
The allusion raise Cain means to resort to violence. | |
What is the capital of Maryland? | [
"Augusta",
"Harrisburg",
"Annapolis",
"Newport"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Annapolis is the capital of Maryland. | |||
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"transparent",
"hard",
"slippery"
] | 1 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
You can see clearly through a transparent object. The magnifying glass is transparent, but the car bumper is not.
A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. The diamond and the magnifying glass are not slippery.
A hard object does not change... | |
Which animal's feet are also adapted for walking on large, floating leaves? | [
"European river otter",
"comb-crested jacana"
] | 1 | s live near rivers and lakes. They eat insects and snails that live on plants floating on the surface of the water.
The feet of the jacana are adapted for walking on large, floating leaves. The jacana uses its feet to spread its weight out over a wide area. This helps the bird walk on the leaves without sinking into th... | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur m... | Look at the picture of the African jacana.
The African jacana uses its toes to spread its weight out over a large area. This can help it walk on leaves without sinking into the water.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The comb-crested jacana has long, thin toes on its feet. Its ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Alice decides to make chicken soup. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Alice will spend more time making the chicken soup than she would have spent making the lentil soup.",
"The chicken soup will be tastier than the lentil soup would have been."
] | 0 | Alice is deciding whether to make chicken soup or lentil soup for dinner. She wants dinner to be as tasty as possible. But she is also hungry and wants to eat soon. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Alice wants or needs:
Alice will spend more time making the chicken soup than she would have spent making the lentil soup. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Beau's phenotype for the cheek color trait? | [
"bright orange cheeks",
"pale orange cheeks"
] | 0 | In a group of cockatiels, some individuals have bright orange cheeks and others have pale orange cheeks. In this group, the gene for the cheek color trait has two alleles. The allele for bright orange cheeks (R) is dominant over the allele for pale orange cheeks (r).
Beau is a cockatiel from this group. Beau has the he... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | You need to determine Beau's phenotype for the cheek color trait. First, consider the alleles in Beau's genotype for the cheek color gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive.
The allele for bright orange cheeks (R) is dominant over the allele for pale orange cheeks (r). This means R is a domin... |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Saint Lucia",
"Barbados",
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
"Antigua and Barbuda"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Saint Lucia. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"The typical length of a Burmese python is sixteen to twenty-three feet.",
"Parents should not allow their children to keep Burmese pythons as pets."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Distinguish facts from opinions | Statements of fact make claims that are based on research, observation, or experimentation. Facts can be proved with evidence.
Napoleon Bonaparte was shorter than King Louis XVI.
This statement is a fact. The statement can be verified by researching and comparing the height of each man.
Statements of opinion make claim... | The first sentence states a fact. It can be verified by looking up the average length of a Burmese python.
The typical length of a Burmese python is sixteen to twenty-three feet.
The second sentence states an opinion. Should indicates a personal judgment.
Parents should not allow their children to keep Burmese pythons ... | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"New Zealand",
"Kiribati",
"Nauru",
"Vanuatu"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Nauru. | |||
Select the organism in the same species as the pink skunk clownfish. | [
"Amphiprion perideraion",
"Ambystoma opacum",
"Amphiprion frenatus"
] | 0 | This organism is a pink skunk clownfish. Its scientific name is Amphiprion perideraion. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A pink skunk clownfish's scientific name is Amphiprion perideraion.
Amphiprion perideraion is in the same genus as Amphiprion frenatus, but they are not in the same species.
Organisms in the same species have the same scientific names. Amphiprion perideraion and Amphiprion frenatus are different species within the same... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Brutus's phenotype for the coat pattern trait? | [
"aa",
"a spotted coat"
] | 1 | In a group of jaguars, some individuals have a black coat and others have a spotted coat. In this group, the gene for the coat pattern trait has two alleles. The allele A is for a black coat, and the allele a is for a spotted coat.
Brutus, a jaguar from this group, has a spotted coat. Brutus has two alleles for a spott... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Brutus's observable version of the coat pattern trait is a spotted coat. So, Brutus's phenotype for the coat pattern trait is a spotted coat. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is this a run-on sentence?
On average, office workers spend more than five hours sitting at their desks, researchers believe that extended periods of sitting can have a negative impact on overall health. | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Identify run-on sentences | A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A run-on sentence is formed when two sentences are run together, joined by just a comma or by no punctuation at all. If only a comma is used, the run-on is called a comma s... | This is a run-on sentence. It is a comma splice formed from two sentences run together, joined by just a comma.
On average, office workers spend more than five hours sitting at their desks, researchers believe that extended periods of sitting can have a negative impact on overall health.
Here is one way to fix the run-... | |
What can Troy and Jason trade to each get what they want? | [
"Troy can trade his tomatoes for Jason's broccoli.",
"Jason can trade his almonds for Troy's tomatoes.",
"Troy can trade his tomatoes for Jason's sandwich.",
"Jason can trade his broccoli for Troy's oranges."
] | 0 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Troy and Jason open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Troy wanted broc... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Troy wanted broccoli in his lunch and Jason was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Troy has tomatoes. Jason has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want. | ||
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word pocket on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
petticoat - plaster | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade3 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since pocket is not between the guide words petticoat - plaster, it would not be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
There has been an incident on Praxis.
—Brigadier Kerla, after Praxis is destroyed in Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country | [
"hyperbole",
"understatement"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing id... | The text uses understatement, which involves deliberately representing something as less serious or important than it really is.
An incident on Praxis is an understatement, since Praxis has been destroyed. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Audrey decides to go on the screaming swing. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Audrey will save some ride tickets. She needs fewer tickets to go on the screaming swing than on the log ride.",
"Audrey will give up the chance to go on the log ride. She would have had more fun on that ride."
] | 1 | Audrey is deciding which ride to go on at the fair. She can go on either the log ride or the screaming swing. She wants to have as much fun as possible at the fair. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Audrey wants or needs:
Audrey will give up the chance to go on the log ride. She would have had more fun on that ride. |
Not supported with pagination yet | The shopper lifts each bag at the same speed. Which bag is lifted with a larger force? | [
"a bag holding 7 pounds of food",
"a bag holding 3 pounds of food"
] | 0 | A shopper is buying food at the store. He fills two shopping bags. The shopping bags are the same size and shape. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | How do mass and force affect motion? | A force is a push or a pull.
A force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Forces can be different sizes.
Think about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. Y... | Look for the shopping bag that is heavier.
A shopping bag holding 7 pounds of food is heavier than a shopping bag holding 3 pounds of food. So, the bag holding 7 pounds needs a larger force to start moving upward at the same speed as the other bag. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a complete sentence? | [
"Mom kisses Kimberly's cheek Kimberly smiles at Mom.",
"The class chuckles at Ms. Joseph's joke."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma.
I knocked on the door it opened.
It started raining, we ran inside.
To fix a run-on ... | The class chuckles at Ms. Joseph's joke is a complete sentence. The subject is the class, and the verb is chuckles. | |
What can Vicky and Oscar trade to each get what they want? | [
"Oscar can trade his broccoli for Vicky's oranges.",
"Vicky can trade her tomatoes for Oscar's sandwich.",
"Vicky can trade her tomatoes for Oscar's broccoli.",
"Oscar can trade his almonds for Vicky's tomatoes."
] | 2 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Vicky and Oscar open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Vicky wanted br... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Vicky wanted broccoli in her lunch and Oscar was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Vicky has tomatoes. Oscar has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Bert inherited this trait? | [
"Bert likes to wear a blue sweater to match his blue eyes.",
"Bert's mother has blue eyes. She passed this trait down to Bert."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Bert has blue eyes. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which type of sentence is this?
We can watch the presidential debate, which will be broadcast at nine o'clock, or we can view the documentary about the greatest innovations of the twenty-first century. | [
"compound",
"simple",
"complex",
"compound-complex"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is compound-complex. It is made up of two independent clauses and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the relative pronoun which.
We can watch the presidential debate, which will be broadcast at nine o'clock, or we can view the documentary about the greatest innovations of the twenty-first... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Pamela is good at knitting scarves. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | People are not born knowing how to knit. Instead, many people learn how to knit. Knitting well takes practice. So, knitting well is an acquired trait. | |
Based on the arrows, which of the following living things is a decomposer? | [
"phytoplankton",
"sea cucumber"
] | 1 | Below is a food web from an ocean ecosystem. The ecosystem is in Monterey Bay, off the coast of California.
A food web is a model that shows how the matter eaten by living things moves through an ecosystem. The arrows show how matter moves through the food web. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Interpret food webs | A food web is a model.
Models can make things in nature easier to understand. Models can be simpler than the things they represent. A food web is a model that shows where living things in an ecosystem get their food. If a food web showed every living thing in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, ... | Decomposers help break down dead living things into simpler matter, such as nutrients. These nutrients can then help plants and other living things grow. In a food web, there is an arrow pointing from another living thing to a decomposer. There are no arrows pointing from a decomposer to another living thing.
The phyto... | |
What type of rock is granite? | [
"sedimentary",
"igneous",
"metamorphic"
] | 1 | Granite forms through the cooling of melted rock. It is made of minerals such as quartz and biotite. Quartz is a light-colored mineral, and biotite is a dark-colored mineral.
Here are two pieces of granite. Do you see the mineral grains in the two rocks? The darker rock has more biotite than the lighter rock. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic | Igneous rock is formed when melted rock cools and hardens into solid rock. This type of change can occur at Earth's surface or below it.
Sedimentary rock is formed when layers of sediment are pressed together, or compacted, to make rock. This type of change occurs below Earth's surface.
Metamorphic rock is formed when ... | Granite is an igneous rock. Like other igneous rocks, it forms when melted rock cools and hardens.
Melted rock below the earth's surface is called magma. Granite forms from a type of magma that is rich in silica. As the magma cools, minerals such as quartz, feldspar, and biotite begin to form. When the magma becomes so... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the volume of a bathroom sink? | [
"2 gallons",
"2 cups",
"2 fluid ounces"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups,... | The best estimate for the volume of a bathroom sink is 2 gallons.
2 fluid ounces and 2 cups are both too little. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of three speedboats. Which speedboat was moving at the lowest speed? | [
"a speedboat that moved 295kilometers west in 5hours",
"a speedboat that moved 230kilometers south in 5hours",
"a speedboat that moved 205kilometers south in 5hours"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects mov... | Look at the distance each speedboat moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each speedboat moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each speedboat moved for 5 hours. The speedboat that moved 205 kilometers moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that speedboat must have moved at the lo... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
Denise considers Paris the most romantic city in the world. | [
"exclamatory",
"declarative",
"interrogative"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement and always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An imperative sentence makes a request or a demand and usually ends with a period. If a demand shows strong feeling, it can ... | The sentence is a statement and ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence. | |
Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"Oklahoma",
"South Dakota",
"Indiana",
"Utah"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Oklahoma is farthest south. | ||
Which air temperature was measured within the outlined area shown? | [
"5°C",
"-13°C",
"-20°C"
] | 1 | The map below shows air temperatures in the lower atmosphere on November 12, 2015. The outlined area shows an air mass that influenced weather in Europe on that day.
Look at the map. Then, answer the question below.
Data source: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Earth System Research Laborat... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Identify and compare air masses | To study air masses, scientists can use maps that show conditions within Earth's atmosphere. For example, the map below uses color to show air temperatures.
The map's legend tells you the temperature that each color represents. Colors on the left in the legend represent lower temperatures than colors on the right. For ... | Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which air temperatures those colors represent.
15°C and 0°C.
-13°C is within this range.
-20°C and 5°C are outside of this range. | |
Which rhetorical appeal is primarily used in this ad? | [
"pathos (emotion)",
"logos (reason)",
"ethos (character)"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Persuasive strategies | Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements | The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals.
Appeals to ethos, or character, show the writer or speaker as trustworthy, authoritative, or sharing important values with the audience. An ad that appe... | The ad appeals to pathos, or emotion, by reminding readers of how important their dogs are to them. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a long-distance running race? | [
"39 meters",
"39 kilometers",
"39 centimeters",
"39 millimeters"
] | 1 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is lar... | The best estimate for the length of a long-distance running race is 39 kilometers.
39 millimeters, 39 centimeters, and 39 meters are all too short. |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes and shapes. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitud... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the animal. | [
"Apple trees can grow fruit.",
"Anteaters walk and run."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify plants and animals | Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. A... | An apple tree is a plant. It can grow fruit.
People have been growing apples for thousands of years. There are more than 7,500 types of apples!
An anteater is an animal. It walks and runs.
Anteaters mostly eat ants. They also eat other insects. | |
Which of the following could Anne and Kimi's test show? | [
"if a new batch of concrete was firm enough to use",
"if the concrete from each batch took the same amount of time to dry"
] | 0 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"scratchy",
"sticky",
"blue"
] | 1 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A sticky object can attach or stick to other things. All three objects are sticky.
Blue is a color.
This color is blue. The ice pop and the bubble gum are not blue.
A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. None of the objects are scrat... | |
In this food chain, the European grayling is a consumer. Why? | [
"It eats another living thing.",
"It makes its own food."
] | 0 | This diagram shows a food chain from the River Frome, a freshwater ecosystem in England. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Identify roles in food chains | Every living thing needs food to stay alive. Living things get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how living things in an ecosystem get their food.
Producers make their own food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. This sugar is food for the producer.
Consumers eat other ... | In this food chain, the European grayling is a consumer because it eats another living thing. The European grayling in this food chain eats the midge larva. | |
Is molten metal a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a liquid",
"a solid",
"a gas"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify and sort solids, liquids, and gases | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | Molten metal is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in.
If you pour molten metal into a mold, the molten metal will take the shape of the mold. | ||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Tuvalu",
"Kiribati",
"Fiji",
"Tonga"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Tuvalu. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Is this a sentence fragment?
Long ago, fossils were used as evidence to support mythical tales. In fact, fourth-century Chinese historian Chang Qu once mislabeled a giant dinosaur bone as that of a dragon. | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Identify sentence fragments | A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought.
Rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
This fragment is missing a subjec... | This is not a sentence fragment. It is a complete sentence because it expresses a complete thought.
Long ago, fossils were used as evidence to support mythical tales. In fact, fourth-century Chinese historian Chang Qu once mislabeled a giant dinosaur bone as that of a dragon. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Last year, there were seven men's clothing stores on Main Street in Oakland. This year, there are only three. What probably happened to the overall supply of men's shirts in Oakland? | [
"The supply probably went up.",
"The supply probably went down."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Understand overall supply and demand | Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.
| Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand
Supply goe... | When four men's clothing stores closed on Main Street, the number of suppliers went down. There were fewer stores selling men's shirts. So, the supply of men's shirts probably went down. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Read the following excerpt from a student essay. How can the writer best improve his or her grammar and mechanics?
Raise the minimum driving age from sixteen? I don't think so. Driving a vehicle is important for teens. A life-changing experience. Being able to drive teaches teens responsibility and decision-making skil... | [
"by fixing sentence fragments",
"by fixing subject-verb agreement errors",
"by correcting misplaced modifiers"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Editing and revising | Suggest appropriate revisions | During peer review, you read and respond to a fellow student's writing. While there are many methods and strategies that you can use for reviewing a text, it is generally helpful to frame your suggestions in concrete and constructive ways and to consider the following areas for revision:
Ideas and development: Does the... | The writer could best improve his or her grammar and mechanics by fixing sentence fragments.
For example, the writer could revise the underlined fragments to make them complete sentences.
Raise the minimum driving age from sixteen? I don't think so. Driving a vehicle is important for teens. A life-changing experience. ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word travesty in its traditional sense? | [
"Because the bank robbers were acquitted on a technicality, many people called the trial's outcome a travesty of justice.",
"Although no one was injured in the bank robbery, the event was a travesty for the bank."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The second text uses travesty in its traditional sense: a ridiculous imitation; a parody.
Because the bank robbers were acquitted on a technicality, many people called the trial's outcome a travesty of justice.
The first text uses travesty in its nontraditional sense: a disappointment or a tragedy.
Although no one was ... | |
In this experiment, which were part of an experimental group? | [
"the mint plants that did not get earthworms",
"the mint plants that got earthworms"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment.
Jayden grew ten on his back porch. He grew each plant in its own pot. Jayden noticed that his plants did not grow many leaves, and he wanted to see if earthworms could help them grow more.
Jayden divided his ten plants into two equal groups. He added three earthworms each to... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify control and experimental groups | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to investigate whether changing a variable between different groups has a specific outcome.
For example, imagine you want to find out whether adding fertilizer to soil affects the height of pea plants. You could investigate this question wit... | In this experiment, Jayden investigated whether adding earthworms to soil affects how many leaves grow on mint plants. So, the mint plants that got earthworms were part of an experimental group.
There were no earthworms in the soil of the mint plants that did not get earthworms. So, they were not part of an experimenta... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear aunt Katie,",
"Dear Aunt Katie,"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Aunt Katie is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence is more formal? | [
"The cruise will begin in Florida and will make stops in Puerto Rico, Dominica, and the Bahamas.",
"The cruise will begin in Florida, and it'll make stops in Puerto Rico, Dominica, and the Bahamas."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Author's purpose and tone | Which sentence is more formal? | Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:
Type | Examples
slang | cool, awesome
idioms | knock your socks off
conversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah
abbreviated language | ASAP, FYI
overly simple or imprecise lan... | The second sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses a contraction (it'll).
The first sentence does not use a contraction, so it is more formal. | |
Which bird's beak is also adapted to get nectar out of long flowers? | [
"purple honeycreeper",
"European nightjar"
] | 0 | Rufous hummingbirds live in the woodlands and meadows of western North America. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers.
Figure: rufous hummingbird. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ... | Look at the picture of the rufous hummingbird.
The rufous hummingbird has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The rufous hummingbird's long, thin beak can reach deep into the flowers.
Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation.
The purple honeycreeper has... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is this plant's phenotype for the flower color trait? | [
"dark yellow flowers",
"light yellow flowers"
] | 1 | In a group of rose plants, some individuals have light yellow flowers and others have dark yellow flowers. In this group, the gene for the flower color trait has two alleles. The allele for light yellow flowers (F) is dominant over the allele for dark yellow flowers (f).
A certain rose plant from this group has the hom... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | The rose plant's genotype for the flower color gene is FF. The rose plant's genotype of FF has only F allelles. The F allele is for light yellow flowers. So, the rose plant's phenotype for the flower color trait must be light yellow flowers.
To check this answer, consider whether the rose plant's alleles are dominant o... |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample B",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample A have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sampl... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Lara investigate with an experiment? | [
"Does a cell phone charge faster when plugged into a wall outlet or into a computer?",
"Does a cell phone charge more quickly when it is turned on or when it is turned off?",
"Does a tablet charge faster with a two-foot-long charging cable or a five-foot-long charging cable?"
] | 1 | Lara notices that her cell phone charges more quickly sometimes and more slowly other times. She wonders what factors affect how quickly a phone charges. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available:
one cell phone
a two-foot-long charging cable
a five-foot-long charging cable
a sto... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
What is the capital of Connecticut? | [
"Columbus",
"New Haven",
"Hartford",
"Pierre"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Hartford is the capital of Connecticut. | |||
Which rhetorical appeal is primarily used in this ad? | [
"pathos (emotion)",
"ethos (character)",
"logos (reason)"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Persuasive strategies | Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements | The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals.
Appeals to ethos, or character, show the writer or speaker as trustworthy, authoritative, or sharing important values with the audience. An ad that appe... | The ad appeals to pathos, or emotion, by associating the air freshener with positive feelings. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following is an example of technologies? | [
"a loom to weave fabric",
"a hurricane that damages homes"
] | 0 | People in early China invented many new types of technologies. Today, the word "technology" often refers to electronic objects such as computers and cell phones. But technology can be any device or object that helps people solve problems or complete tasks more easily. | closed choice | grade7 | social science | world-history | Early China | Science and technology in early China | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Colleen swore she would never go back to Riverside, but I told her she should never say never. The city might be a very different place in ten years. | [
"paradox",
"oxymoron"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses a paradox, a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.
Never say never at first appears to be contradictory: by saying the phrase itself, you have already said never. However, it contains some truth: people often change their minds as they age and s... | |
Which better describes the Sahara Desert ecosystem? | [
"It has dry, thin soil. It also has many different types of organisms.",
"It has a small amount of rain. It also has only a few types of organisms."
] | 0 | Figure: Sahara Desert.
The Sahara Desert is a hot desert ecosystem in northern Africa. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A hot desert is a type of ecosystem. Hot deserts have the following features: a small amount of rain, dry, thin soil, and many different types of organisms. So, the Sahara Desert has dry, thin soil. It also has many different types of organisms. | |
Which rhetorical appeal is primarily used in this ad? | [
"ethos (character)",
"pathos (emotion)",
"logos (reason)"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Persuasive strategies | Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements | The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals.
Appeals to ethos, or character, show the writer or speaker as trustworthy, authoritative, or sharing important values with the audience. An ad that appe... | The ad appeals to ethos, or character, by emphasizing that the brand has been trusted by customers for many years. | ||
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a greater distance between magnets, the magnitude of the magnetic force between them is smaller.
There is a greater distance between the magnets in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the vertebrate. | [
"panda",
"golden orb-weaver",
"weaver ant",
"atlas moth"
] | 0 | Hint: Mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are vertebrates. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify vertebrates and invertebrates | Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals.
A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange.
An invertebrate does not have a backb... | Like other spiders, a golden orb-weaver is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
A weaver ant is an insect. Like other insects, a weaver ant is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
An atlas moth is an insect. Like other insects, an atlas moth is an inverteb... |
What can Lacey and Akira trade to each get what they want? | [
"Akira can trade her almonds for Lacey's tomatoes.",
"Lacey can trade her tomatoes for Akira's carrots.",
"Lacey can trade her tomatoes for Akira's broccoli.",
"Akira can trade her broccoli for Lacey's oranges."
] | 2 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Lacey and Akira open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Lacey nor Akira got everything that they wanted. The tabl... | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Lacey wants broccoli. Akira wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the plant. | [
"Bald eagles walk and fly.",
"Honey bees walk and fly.",
"Ginkgo trees have flat leaves.",
"Manatees swim underwater."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify plants and animals | Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. A... | A ginkgo tree is a plant. It has flat leaves.
Ginkgo trees are from China. They can grow in cold places.
A bald eagle is an animal. It walks and flies.
Bald eagles live in trees near water. They eat mostly fish.
A manatee is an animal. It swims underwater.
Manatees eat plants that live underwater.
A honey bee is an ani... | |
What is the capital of New Mexico? | [
"Albuquerque",
"Helena",
"Sacramento",
"Santa Fe"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Santa Fe is the capital of New Mexico. | |||
Select the organism in the same genus as the Dalmatian pelican. | [
"Falco peregrinus",
"Balearica pavonina",
"Pelecanus erythrorhynchos"
] | 2 | This organism is a Dalmatian pelican. Its scientific name is Pelecanus crispus. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A Dalmatian pelican's scientific name is Pelecanus crispus. The first word of its scientific name is Pelecanus.
Balearica pavonina is in the genus Balearica. The first word of its scientific name is Balearica. So, Balearica pavonina and Pelecanus crispus are not in the same genus.
Falco peregrinus is in the genus Falco... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which object has less thermal energy? | [
"a 250-gram glass of orange juice at a temperature of 45°F",
"a 250-gram glass of orange juice at a temperature of 40°F"
] | 1 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter slow down, the temperature goes down. The matter now has both ... | The two glasses of orange juice have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 40°F glass of orange juice is colder than the 45°F glass of orange juice, it has less thermal energy. |
Complete the statement.
Hydrogen fluoride is (). | [
"a compound",
"an elementary substance"
] | 0 | The model below represents a molecule of hydrogen fluoride. Hydrogen fluoride is used to make chemicals that can help keep refrigerators cool. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Classify elementary substances and compounds using models | There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are ... | Use the model to determine whether hydrogen fluoride is an elementary substance or a compound.
Step 1: Interpret the model.
.
Use the legend to determine the chemical element represented by each color. The colors and atomic symbols from the legend are shown in the table below. The table also includes the names of the c... | |
Identify the question that Madelyn and Tucker's experiment can best answer. | [
"Does Madelyn's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a thin layer of wax or a thick layer of wax?",
"Does Madelyn's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a layer of wax or when it does not have a layer of wax?"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Madelyn applied a thin layer of wax to the underside of her snowboard and rode the board straight down a hill. Then, she removed the wax and rode the snowboard straight down the hill again. She repeated the rides four m... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, zinc is a (). | [
"reactant",
"product"
] | 0 | This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
Many watches are powered by small, flat batteries called button cells. One common type of button cell contains the metal zinc. When zinc in the battery combines with oxygen in the air, zinc oxide forms. This process gener... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Identify reactants and products | A chemical change occurs when new substances are formed from existing substances. This process is called a chemical reaction.
In a chemical reaction, one or more substances change into one or more different substances. During the reaction, the atoms of the original substances are rearranged to form other substances.
Th... | Read the underlined text carefully. Look for information about what happens to zinc in this chemical reaction.
Many watches are powered by small, flat batteries called button cells. One common type of button cell contains the metal zinc. When zinc in the battery combines with oxygen in the air, zinc oxide forms. This p... |
During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to (). | [
"the surroundings . . . each greenhouse",
"each greenhouse . . . the surroundings"
] | 0 | Two identical greenhouses were next to each other. There were solar panels on the roof of one greenhouse but not on the roof of the other greenhouse. This table shows how the temperature of each greenhouse changed over 2hours. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | Compare thermal energy transfers | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th... | The temperature of each greenhouse increased, which means that the thermal energy of each greenhouse increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each greenhouse. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one substance that is not a rock. | [
"Slate is not a pure substance. It is a solid.",
"Syenite is formed in nature. It is not a pure substance.",
"Wool is made by living things. It is formed in nature."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify rocks using properties | Rocks are made of minerals. Here are some properties of rocks:
They are solid.
They are formed in nature.
They are not made by living things.
They are not pure substances. | Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of rocks. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of rocks.
Slate is a rock.
Syenite is a rock.
Wool is made by living things. But rocks are not made by living things.
So, wool is not a rock. | |
What is the capital of Wyoming? | [
"Salt Lake City",
"Laramie",
"Cheyenne",
"Phoenix"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Cheyenne is the capital of Wyoming. | |||
Which continent is highlighted? | [
"South America",
"Europe",
"North America",
"Antarctica"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. | This continent is North America. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Lamar inherited this trait? | [
"Lamar's parents have pale skin. They passed down this trait to Lamar.",
"Lamar and his father both have dark hair."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Lamar has pale skin. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear jada,",
"Dear Jada,"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Jada is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Which term matches the picture? | [
"monocot",
"dicot"
] | 0 | Read the text.
Flowering plants are commonly divided into two groups: monocots and dicots. They are distinguished by the number of cotyledons their seeds have—a cotyledon is an undeveloped leaf inside the seed. Monocot seeds have one cotyledon while dicot seeds have two. You can also tell mature monocots and dicots apa... | closed choice | grade8 | language science | word-study | Domain-specific vocabulary | Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures | A monocot is a flowering plant that has seeds with one cotyledon. Its flower parts occur in multiples of three, and its leaves have parallel veins. | ||
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2.",
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare strengths of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You c... | Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are farther apart, the magnetic force between them is weaker.
The magnets in Pair 1 are farther apart than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
salt - slow | [
"size",
"stride"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since size is between the guide words salt - slow, it would be found on that page. | |
What is the capital of Oregon? | [
"Memphis",
"Salem",
"Phoenix",
"Portland"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Salem is the capital of Oregon. | |||
Which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles? | [
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution B",
"Solution A"
] | 1 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each purple ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the purple particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles, look at both the number of purple particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of purple particles per mill... | |
Which type of relationship is formed when European mistletoe grows on a linden tree? | [
"commensal",
"parasitic",
"mutualistic"
] | 1 | Read the passage. Then answer the question.
European mistletoe is a shrub that grows on trees, including linden trees. The mistletoe has specialized roots that pierce the tree's bark and absorb nutrients and water from inside the tree. These resources from the tree allow the mistletoe to grow up to five feet in diamet... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Ecological interactions | Classify symbiotic relationships | When two organisms of different species interact in a way that affects one or both organisms, they form a symbiotic relationship. The word symbiosis comes from a Greek word that means living together. Scientists define types of symbiotic relationships based on how each organism is affected.
This table lists three commo... | When European mistletoe grows on a linden tree, the mistletoe gets nutrients and water that it needs to grow and survive. So, the mistletoe benefits from its relationship with the tree.
The tree grows more slowly and makes fewer seeds when the mistletoe grows on it. So, the tree is harmed by its relationship with the m... | |
What is the capital of Alaska? | [
"Anchorage",
"Juneau",
"Honolulu",
"Boise"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Juneau is the capital of Alaska. | |||
What is the capital of Alaska? | [
"Tulsa",
"Juneau",
"Lincoln",
"Olympia"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Juneau is the capital of Alaska. | |||
Which better describes the tide pool ecosystems in Tongue Point Marine Life Sanctuary? | [
"It has no sunlight. It also has daily flooding and draining of seawater.",
"It has water that is rich in nutrients. It also has many different types of organisms."
] | 1 | Figure: Tongue Point Marine Life Sanctuary.
Tongue Point Marine Life Sanctuary is in western Washington State. The park is on the coast of the Pacific Ocean. It has many tide pool ecosystems. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An ecosystem is formed when living and nonliving things interact in an environment. There are many types of ecosystems. Here are some ways in which ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil or water
the organisms that live there | A tide pool is a type of ecosystem. Tide pool ecosystems have the following features: daily flooding and draining of seawater, water that is rich in nutrients, and many different types of organisms. So, the tide pool ecosystems in Tongue Point Marine Life Sanctuary have water that is rich in nutrients. They also have m... | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 1 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes and shapes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 1 attract. The magnets in Pair 2 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which tense does the sentence use?
The pilot will fly the plane to Lima. | [
"present tense",
"past tense",
"future tense"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, fly. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen. | |
Select the bird below. | [
"robin",
"gorilla"
] | 0 | Birds have feathers, two wings, and a beak. A griffon vulture is an example of a bird. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A robin is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.
A robin is a songbird. It sings different songs at different times of the day.
A gorilla is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk.
Gorillas live in groups called troops. The largest male in the troop is usually the leader. | |
Which of the following best describes a population on the prairie grasslands of Montana? | [
"a herd of American bison",
"the Idaho fescue and the rough fescue",
"the wolves, the mountain lions, and the grizzly bears"
] | 0 | Read the passage. Then answer the question below.
American bison roam in herds across the prairie grasslands in Montana. They are the only species of bison in North America. These large herbivores feed on the dozens of species of grasses that grow on the prairie, such as Idaho fescue and rough fescue.
American bison a... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe populations, communities, and ecosystems | In an environment, organisms interact with each other and with their nonliving surroundings. To help describe these interactions, ecologists use specific terms for different types of groups.
A single organism is an individual. Individuals of the same species that live in the same place are part of a population.
Multipl... | ||
Which property do these two objects have in common? | [
"sticky",
"bendable"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A bendable object can be bent without breaking. Both objects are bendable.
A sticky object can stick to other things. Neither of the objects are sticky.
The property that both objects have in common is bendable. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Does the sentence use a simile or a metaphor?
Her eyes are as blue as the cloudless sky. | [
"simile",
"metaphor"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Identify similes and metaphors | Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.
A simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.
My sister runs like a cheetah.
The sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.
A che... | Her eyes are as blue as the cloudless sky.
The words eyes and sky are compared using the word as. So, the sentence uses a simile. | |
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Vermont",
"New Hampshire",
"Georgia",
"Iowa"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is New Hampshire.
During the colonial era, New Hampshire and New York both claimed the territory that would later become the state of Vermont. Vermont was never its own colony. | |||
What is the capital of New Jersey? | [
"Albany",
"Trenton",
"Augusta",
"Jersey City"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Trenton is the capital of New Jersey. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
I can't understand why people are complaining that it's difficult to find a job in this job market. My daughter and I got jobs without any trouble. | [
"hasty generalization: a very broad claim based on very little evidence",
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that it's not difficult to find a job in this job market. However, even though the speaker's family found jobs without trouble, that doesn't necessarily mean that everyone can. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a hasty generalization. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the idiom in this text suggest?
In such an unfamiliar environment, Billy was a fish out of water. | [
"Billy didn't have any friends.",
"Billy felt out of place."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret the figure of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake. | The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.
The idiom a fish out of water suggests that Billy felt out of place. A fish out of water is someone out of his or her usual, comfortable environment. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
walk - whip | [
"week",
"wipe"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since week is between the guide words walk - whip, it would be found on that page. |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.