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ar-en-rootformer-leakfree-split

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الكَلْتَحةُ: ضَرْبٌ من المَشْي. ورجل كَلْتَحٌ: أَحمق.	Al-kaltaḥah: a manner of walking. And a man who is kaltah: foolish.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
وقوله: (أن تبتغوا بأموالكم) يقتضي أن لابد من المهر سمي أو لم يسم في العقد.	His saying: {«أن تبتغوا بأموالكم»} ("that you seek with your wealth") necessitates that the dowry (mahr) is indispensable, whether it is named or not named in the contract.	classical_aligned
والصادق معناه ذو صدق كعيشة راضية ووصف المصدر بما يوصف به الفاعل بالمصدر فيه إفادة مبالغة،	And "the true" (الصادق) means "possessor of truth" (ذو صدق), like "a satisfying life" (عيشة راضية). Describing the infinitive (المصدر) with what describes the agent by way of the infinitive carries an amplification of hyperbole (مبالغة).	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
من الحركة والتغير والحدوث	from motion, change, and origination al-huduth.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
فإن قيل: ما الفائدة في وصف ذلك العلو بالكبير؟	If it is said: What is the benefit in describing that loftiness as "great" (kabir)?	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
ودخلوا في أهل الوعيد، وقد ذكرنا أن التوبة عبارة عن الندم على فعل القبيح لا لغرض سواه،	We have already mentioned that repentance (al-tawbah) is an expression for remorse over committing an ugly deed, for no purpose other than that [deed itself].	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
المسألة الثالثة: قال القاضي: قوله { إن كنتم مؤمنين } كالدلالة على أن الإيمان لا يتكامل إذا أصر الإنسان على كبيرة وإنما يصير مؤمنا بالإطلاق إذا اجتنب كل الكبائر.	The Third Question: Al-Qadi said: His saying {إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ} (if you are believers) is an indication that faith does not reach completion when a person persists in a major sin. Rather, one only becomes a believer in the absolute sense when he avoids all major sins.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
فإذا كان باللسان مقرا مصدقا وجب أن يعد منافقا لأنه بقلبه منكر مكذب بوجوب الإقرار.	For he is, with his heart, a denier and a falsifier; and if he is with his tongue an affirmer and a confirmer, he must be counted a hypocrite, because he is with his heart a denier and a falsifier of the obligation of affirmation.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
امرأَة حُدُحَّةٌ: قصيرة كحُدْحُدَة.	A woman who is short, like a small stone or lump (ḥadḥadah).	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
والثالث: روي عن عائشة أنها قالت: نزلت في المرأة تكون عند الرجل ويريد الرجل أن يستبدل بها غيرها،	The Third: It was narrated from ʿĀʾishah that she said: "It was revealed concerning the woman who is with a man, and the man wishes to replace her with another.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
ثم قال تعالى: { فبأي حديث بعد الله وآياته يؤمنون } يعني أن من ينتفع بهذه الآيات فلا شيء بعده يجوز أن ينتفع به،	Then the Exalted said: {فَبِأَيِّ حَدِيثٍ بَعْدَ اللَّهِ وَآيَاتِهِ يُؤْمِنُونَ} ("So in what discourse, after God and His verses, will they believe?"). That is, whoever benefits from these verses, there is nothing after them by which he could possibly benefit.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
أم مكة وحدها. وأما قوله تعالى: {والمسجد الحرام الذي جعلناه للناس سواء} (الحج: من الآية25) فحمله الشافعي رضي الله تعالى عنه وأصحابه ومن وافقهم على المسجد الحرام الذي حول الكعبة مع الكعبة،	And as for His saying Most High: {والمسجد الحرام الذي جعلناه للناس سواء} (al-Hajj: 25) ["And the Sacred Mosque, which We have made for mankind, equal"] — al-Shafi'i, may Allah Most High be pleased with him, and his companions, and those who agreed with them, interpreted it as the Sacred Mosque that surrounds the Ka'bah...	nawawi__tahdhib_al_asma_wa_al_lughat_v5_translated
فالحملات الصليبية التي بدأت سنة " 494 ه) كانت متتالية منذ ذلك التاريخ	for the crusader campaigns, which began in the year 494 ah, had been successive from that date until they ceased after nearly two hundred years.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
نقول: نفاقهما وإخفاؤهما الكفر،	We say: Their hypocrisy and their concealment of disbelief, and their conspiring together against the two Messengers.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
العُجْبُ والعَجَبُ: إِنكارُ ما يَرِدُ عليك لقِلَّةِ اعْتِـيادِه؛ وهو حالة تعرض للإنسان عند الجهل بسبب الشيء.	Wonder (al-ʿujb and al-ʿajab) is the rejection of what comes upon you due to lack of familiarity with it; it is a state that befalls a person when ignorant of the cause of a thing.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
فقال: نعم إذا كان شتاء فلطول الليل وإذا كان صيفا فلبرد الماء وقلة الذباب.	He said: Yes — if it is winter, then due to the length of the night; and if it is summer, then due to the coolness of the water and the scarcity of flies.	classical_aligned
الأولى: من عرف الله تعالى بالدليل والبرهان ولما تم العرفان مات ولم يجد من الزمان والوقت ما يتلفظ فيه بكلمة الشهادة.	The first image: A person who knows Allah Almighty through evidence and proof, and when the knowledge was completed, he died — and he did not find from time, and from the moment, that wherein he might utter the word of the testimony (kalimat al-shahadah).	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
نسبت أولاد مرة إلى أمهم سلول بنت ذهل بن شيبان ابن ثعلبة،	The children of Murrah were attributed to their mother Sulūl, daughter of Dhuhl ibn Shaybān ibn Thaʿlabah.	nawawi__tahdhib_al_asma_wa_al_lughat_v5_translated
مَصَحَ الكِتَابُ يَمْصَحُ مُصُوحًا: دَرَسَ أَو قَارَبَ ذَلِكَ. وَمَصَحَتِ الدَّارُ: عَفَتْ وَدَرَسَتْ.	The book became effaced, wearing away or nearly so. And the dwelling became effaced and obliterated.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
تم تفسير هذه السورة وقت ظهر الرابع من ذي الحجة سنة ثلاث وستمائة والحمدلله رب العالمين وصلاته على خاتم النبيين محمد وآله وصحبه وسلم.	The interpretation of this Surah is completed at the time of noon (zahr) on the fourth of Dhu al-Hijjah in the year six hundred and three (603 AH). And praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and His blessings be upon the Seal of the Prophets, Muhammad, and upon his family and his companions, and peace.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
ثم قال: { وجعل لكم من الجبال أكنانا } واحد الأكنان كن على قياس أحمال وحمل،	Then He said: {«وجعل لكم من الجبال أكنانا»} (And He has made for you from the mountains shelters).	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
وأيضا قد روي: (إن لله بضعة عشر ألف عالم) 1 ، وأما جمعه جمع السلامة	likewise, it has been narrated: indeed, allah has tens of thousands of worlds 1.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
ثم إنا نعلم بالضرورة : أن الله سبحانه كان موجودا قبل [وجود (2) ] هذا اليوم ، وأنه الآن موجود مع هذا اليوم ،	Yet we know by necessity: that God (may He be exalted) was existent before the existence of this day, that He is now existent with this day, and that He will remain existent after the passing of this day.	classical_aligned
والثاني هو المراد ههنا، وقول أبي العالية والربيع: " إن فضل الله الإسلام "، ورحمته " القرآن "، فذلك بعض ما يقتضيه عموم اللفظ،	And the saying of Abū al-ʿĀliyah and al-Rabīʿ: "The bounty (faḍl) of Allah is Islam, and His mercy is the Qurʾān" — that is but a portion of what the generality of the expression entails.	classical_aligned
فذلك الصادر الأول إما جوهر وإما عرض.	So that first emanation is either a substance or an accident.	classical_aligned
واعلم أن هذه الآية دالة على مطالب كثيرة.	Know that this verse indicates many points of inquiry (maṭālib).	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
أما النعم الدينية فهي إما معرفة الحق لذاته وإما معرفة الخير لأجل العمل به،	As for religious blessings, they are either knowledge of the truth for its own sake, or knowledge of the good for the sake of acting upon it.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
المسألة الثانية: قال صاحب «الكشاف»: آثم خبر إن وقلبه رفع بآثم على الفاعلية كأنه قيل فإنه يأثم قلبه وقرىء { قلبه } بالفتح كقوله سفه نفسه [البقرة: 130] وقرأ ابن أبي عبلة { آثم قلبه } أي جعله آثما.	The Second Issue: The author of "Al-Kashshaf" said: "Athim" (آثم) is the predicate of "Inna" (إن), and "Qalbuhu" (قلبه) is raised (Marfu') by "Athim" as its subject (Fa'il), as if it were said: "Then indeed his heart commits sin" (Fa-innahu Ya'tham Qalbuhu).	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
فلهذا المعنى كان الحمد بسبب تعلقه بالماضي يغلق عنك أبواب النيران،	For this meaning, praise — due to its relation to the past — closes upon you the doors of the fires.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
وَبَتَ بالمكان وَبْتاً: أَقام.	He settled in the place with a settling: he remained, stayed, or took up residence there.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
** اللفظ الخامس : الدهر والسرمد : فهما اسمان لجوهر هذا الشيء حال كونه خاليا عن مقارنة الحادثات والتغيرات.	The Fifth Expression: Eternity (al-Dahr) and Perpetuity (al-Sarmad) They are two names for the substance of this thing in the state of its being devoid of the accompaniment of originated events and changes.	classical_aligned
الحجة السادسة عشر : لو لم يكن الإيمان بخلق الله ، لما حسن من العبد أن	the sixteenth proof : if faith were not created by god, then it would not be fitting for the servant to praise god yahmada for faith.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
وأما الحجة الثانية: فضعيفة أيضا لأنا نسلم أن هذه الحرمة كانت ثابتة في شرع من قبلنا،	As for the second argument, it is also weak, for we concede that this prohibition was established in the sacred law of those before us.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
وعند ذلك يزول الحزن والغم.	And at that point, grief and sorrow depart.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
الحجة الثانية : وهي قريبة مما تقدم	the second proof: and it is close to what preceded.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
ويمكن أن يجاب عنه بأنهم دخلوا تحت قومه فلا وجه لإفرادهم بالذكر.	It can be answered to this that they fell under the category of "his people," so there is no basis for singling them out for mention.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
وصف العتابي رجلا بالمداهنة، فقال: ذلك إن وجد مادحا مدح وإن وجد قادحا قدح وإن استودع سرا افتضح.	Al-ʿUtbī described a man as a flatterer, saying: That one — if he finds a praiser, he praises; if he finds a disparager, he disparages; and if he is entrusted with a secret, he exposes it.	classical_aligned
قوله تعالى: { وتعيها أذن وعية } فيه مسألتان: المسألة الأولى: يقال: لكل شيء حفظته في نفسك وعيته ووعيت العلم،	The Exalted's saying: {That a retaining ear may retain it} contains two questions. The first question: It is said: for everything you have preserved within yourself, you say waʿaytuhu — you retained it — and waʿaytu al-ʿilm (I retained knowledge), and waʿaytu mā qult (I retained what you said).	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
فإذا قيل: هي خمسون، كانت النسبة بالثلث،	If it is said: they are fifty, then the proportion is one-third.	nawawi__rawdat_al_talibin_v5_translated
فمنهم من قال: عنى أنا نردهم عن الهداية إلى الضلالة لما ارتكبوه من المعاصي، نحو قوله: (وأضله الله على علم وختم على سمعه وقلبه) الآية.	Some said: He means that We will turn them back from guidance to error because of the acts of disobedience they have committed — like His saying: {«وأضله الله على علم وختم على سمعه وقلبه»} (And God led him astray upon knowledge and sealed his hearing and his heart) [45:23].	classical_aligned
واختلفوا في الذين أريدوا بهذه الصفة من هم؟	They differed concerning those who are intended by this description: who are they?	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
قوله تعالى: {إن الصفا والمروة من شعائر الله فمن حج البيت أو اعتمر فلا جناح عليه أن يطوف بهما ومن تطوع خيرا فإن الله شاكر عليم} الآية (158) - سورة البقرة.	His saying — Exalted is He: {«إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ ۚ فَمَنْ حَجَّ الْبَيْتَ أَوِ اعْتَمَرَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَطَّوَّفَ بِهِمَا ۚ وَمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ خَيْرًا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ شَاكِرٌ عَلِيمٌ»} [Indeed, al-Ṣafā and al-Marwah are among the rites (shaʿāʾir) of God. So whoever performs ...	classical_aligned
فأما الرجل مع الرجل فيجوز له أن ينظر إلى جميع بدنه إلا عورته وعورته ما بين السرة والركبة،	As for the man with respect to the man, it is permissible for him to look at his entire body except his 'awrah, and his 'awrah is what is between the navel and the knee.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
عليها، وهي مطبوعة على الآلة الكاتبة في 400 صفحة	i have examined it, and it is typewritten in 400 pages.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
وذلك يقتضي عدم الغيرة. ثم قال تعالى: { هذا ما توعدون ليوم الحساب } يعني أن الله تعالى وعد المتقين بالثواب الموصوف بهذه الصفة،	Then He, exalted be He, said: {هَٰذَا مَا تُوعَدُونَ لِيَوْمِ الْحِسَابِ} — meaning that God, exalted be He, promised the God-fearing the reward described by these attributes.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
الوجه الثاني: في تفسير هذا التطهير أن يكون المراد منه طهارة القلب عن صفة التمرد عن طاعة الله تعالى،	The Second Aspect: In the interpretation of this purification, it is that the intended meaning thereof is the purity of the heart from the attribute of rebelliousness against obedience to Allah — exalted be He.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
المسألة الرابعة: قوله: { إن الله بعباده لخبير بصير } فيه وجهان: أحدهما أنه تقرير لكونه هو الحق لأنه وحي من الله والله خبير عالم بالبواطن بصير عالم بالظواهر،	The Fourth Question:** His saying: {إن الله بعباده لخبير بصير} (Indeed, God is of His servants All-Aware, All-Seeing) — therein are two aspects. The first: that it is an affirmation of His being the Truth, because it is revelation from God, and God is All-Aware (khabīr), knowing the inner realities, and All-Seeing (baṣ...	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
ومعلوم أن المقصود من نصب الامام ازالة الفتنة بقدر الامكان.	And it is known that the purpose of appointing the imam is the removal of fitnah as much as possible.	classical_aligned
أما من اعتقد أنه لا سعادة في هذه الحياة وأن السعادة لا تحصل إلا في الدار الآخرة فإنه لا يبالي بهذه الحياة الدنيا ولا يلتفت إليها ولا يقيم لها وزنا،	As for the one who believes that there is no happiness in this life and that happiness is only attained in the abode of the Hereafter, he does not care about this worldly life, pays no attention to it, and assigns it no weight.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
وإن لم تفعل فما بلغت رسالته ) (المائدة 67) ولو لم يوجد منه فعل المحظور والاخلال بالواجب ، لم يكن لهذا الأمر والنهى فائدة.	And if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message»} (Al-Ma'idah 67) — and had no prohibited act or neglect of an obligation issued from him, then this command and prohibition would have no benefit.	classical_aligned
فإن حلف، فتصرفه بغير إذن.	If he swears, then his disposition was without authorization.	nawawi__rawdat_al_talibin_v5_translated
وهذا الحكم لا يختلف بأن يكون ذلك الممكن ملكا أو جمادا أو فعلا للحيوان أو صفة للنبات،	This judgment does not differ whether that possible thing is an angel, an inanimate object, an act of a living being, or an attribute of a plant.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
قال: لأنا قد دللنا على أن المفهوم من هذه الآية أن من أدرك جزأ من رمضان لزمه صوم كل رمضان والمجنون إذا أفاق في أثناء الشهر فقد شهد جزأ من رمضان فوجب أن يلزمه صوم كل رمضان،	He said: We have demonstrated that the understood meaning of this verse is that whoever attains a part of Ramadan, fasting all of Ramadan is incumbent upon him. The insane person, if he regains consciousness during the middle of the month, has witnessed a part of Ramadan, so it is obligatory that fasting all of Ramadan...	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
والمعنى لينظر الناظر في اختلافهما فيعلم أنه لا بد في انتقالهما من حال إلى حال وتغيرهما من ناقل ومغير وقوله: { أن يذكر } راجع إلى كل ما تقدم من النعم،	The meaning: that the observer may look into their alternation and come to know that there must, in their transition from one state to another and their change, be a Transmitter and a Changer.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
وإما تنبيهي " وهو استحضار صورة مخزونة في الخيال , بلا تجشم إلى كسب جديد , بمعنى : أن من يلقى إليه التعريف عالم بوضع اللفظ له , لكنه ليس متذكرا	or admonitive tanbihi : and it is the summoning of a form stored in the imagination al-khayal , without undertaking any new acquisition - in the sense that he to whom the definition is cast is one who knows the positing of the word for it, but is not remembering.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
فإن لم يصح ذلك فهل يجوز أن يقال إنها أعانت إله العالم في خلق جزء من أجزاء هذا العالم،	If that is not sound, then is it permissible to say that they assisted the God of the world in creating a part of this world?	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
اتفق المتأخرون من الفلاسفة عليه	the later philosophers are agreed upon this.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
المسألة الثانية: اختلفوا في أن الله تعالى متى قال له أسلم؟ ومنشأ الإشكال أنه إنما يقال له: أسلم في زمان لا يكون مسلما فيه،	The Second Question: They differed over when Allah (exalted be He) said to him: "Submit." The source of the difficulty is that one would only say to someone "Submit" at a time when he was not yet a submitter (muslim).	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
لأن عداوتهم لا تؤثر ولا تنفع ولا تضر، وعداوته تعالى تؤدي إلى العذاب الدائم الأليم الذي لا ضرر أعظم منه،	For their enmity neither effects, nor benefits, nor harms, while His enmity, the Exalted, leads to the perpetual, painful chastisement — than which there is no greater harm.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
فإن أبطلنا فيه أيضا، فهل لها مهر المثل أم قيمتهما؟	If we declare it void with respect to that one as well, then does she have the equivalent dower or their [both] value?	nawawi__rawdat_al_talibin_v5_translated
وذكر في كتب التفسير أن بعضهم قال: سافرت حتى جاوزت الصين فسألت عن هؤلاء القوم،	And it is mentioned in the books of exegesis that some of them said: "I traveled until I passed China, and I asked about these people.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
الثاني: قال بعضهم كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم رأى في المنام أنه يذبح كبشا فصدق الله رؤياه بقتل طلحة بن عثمان صاحب لواء المشركين يوم أحد،	The second: Some said that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, had seen in a dream that he was slaughtering a ram, and Allah fulfilled his vision by the killing of Ṭalḥah ibn ʿUthmān, the bearer of the polytheists' banner on the day of Uḥud, and after him nine men were killed at the banner.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
الباطن إلى الخارج عن الإنسان	the inner to the outer of man.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
فلولا حكمه لما نفذ على العبد حكم سيده ولا على الزوجة حكم زوجها ولا على الابن حكم أبيه ولا على الرعية حكم سلطانهم ولا على الأمة حكم الرسول،	For were it not for His judgment, neither would the judgment of a master over his slave take effect, nor the judgment of a husband over his wife, nor the judgment of a father over his son, nor the judgment of a sovereign over his subjects, nor the judgment of a messenger over his community.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
والمني مخلوق من الدم فالإنسان مخلوق من الدم والدم إنما يتولد من الأغذية والأغذية إما حيوانية وإما نباتية،	Thus, the human being is created from blood, and blood is only generated from nourishments, and nourishments are either animal or vegetable.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
فههنا لو أمكن انقطاع وجود الله عن هذه الممكنات لظهر حينئذ أن وجود هذه الممكنات من وجود الله تعالى،	Likewise here: if the cessation of God's existence from these contingents were possible, then it would become apparent at that moment that the existence of these contingents is from the existence of God — exalted be He.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
ثم قال تعالى: { والله يشهد إنهم لكذبون } والمعنى: أن الله تعالى أطلع الرسول على أنهم حلفوا كاذبين.	The meaning: God informed the Messenger that they swore falsely.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
لَصِقَ به يَلْصَق لُصُوقاً، والتَصَقَ وأَلْصَقَ غيره، وهو لَصِيقُه وبِلِصْقِه، واللَّصُوق: دواء يُلْصَق به الجرح.	He adhered to it, adhering with adhesion; it became attached, and he made another adhere; he is his close associate and in his immediate proximity; and the لَصُوق is a medicine applied so as to adhere to a wound.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
الشَّذْرُ: قِطَعٌ من الذهب تُلْقَطُ من المعدن من غير إِذابة الحجارة، وصغار اللؤلؤ. وتشذّر القوم: تفرقوا. وذهبت غنمك شذر مذر.	Al-Shadhr: pieces of gold picked from the mine without smelting the stones, and small pearls. The people scattered (tashadhdhara al-qawm): they dispersed. And your sheep went scattered (shadhra madhra).	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
* * * والأخبار الواردة فى هذا المعنى كثيرة منها : قوله عليه السلام حكاية عن الله تعالى : «سبقت رحمتى غضبى» وقوله تعالى : «خلقتكم لتربحوا على لا لأربح عليكم» واذا كان كذلك ، فالمقصود الأصلي هو الرحمة والاحسان.	And the reports (akhbar) transmitted concerning this meaning are many, among them: his saying, peace be upon him, narrating from God, exalted: «My mercy has preceded My wrath»; and his saying, exalted: «I created you to profit from you, not for Me to profit from you.» And if this is so, then the primary purpose is merc...	classical_aligned
والجواب عن الحجة الأولى : إنا لا نسلم أن ملائكة السموات ،	The Reply to the First Proof: We do not concede that the angels of the heavens were commanded to prostrate to Adam (peace be upon him).	classical_aligned
وأيضا قوله: { بلسان عربى مبين } يدل على أنه نازل بلغة العرب،	And also His saying: {in a clear Arabic tongue} indicates that it was revealed in the language of the Arabs; and if this is so, it necessarily follows that it is comprehensible.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
وسمي السيف حساما، لأنه يحسم العدو عما يريد،	And the sword is called "Husam" because it cuts off the enemy from what he intends, from reaching the fulfillment of his enmity.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
وقد نبهنا الباري سبحانه على أن نفعل دلك بقوله: (الذين يستمعون القول فيتبعون أحسنه) وقال علي كرم الله وجهه: " العلم كثير فخذوا من كل شيء أحسنه " وقال الشاعر: قالوا خذ العين من كل فقلت لهم ...	God — glory be to Him — has alerted us to do precisely this by His saying: {الذين يستمعون القول فيتبعون أحسنه} ("Those who listen to the word and follow the best of it") {Q.	classical_aligned
تَاغَ هَلَكَ، وَأَتَاغَهُ اللهُ، وَكَأَنَّهُ مَقْلُوبٌ مِنْ وَتَغَ.	He perished; and God destroyed him. It is as though it is a metathesized form of watagha.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
نَغِصَ نَغَصاً: لم تَتِمَّ له هَناءَتُه، والنَّغَصُ كَدَرُ العيش، وقد نَغَّصَ عليه عَيْشَه تَنْغِيصاً أَي كَدَّرَه.	نَغِصَ نَغَصاً: His happiness was not complete; النَّغَص is the turbidity of life, and نَغَّصَ عليه عَيْشَه تَنْغِيصاً means he clouded or spoiled his life.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
وتقرير هذا الدليل مر في هذا الكتاب مرارا لا تحصى.	The establishment of this proof has passed in this book countless times.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
ولا نسلم أن لفظة «كل» تفيد الاستغراق.	And we do not concede that the word "every" (kull) conveys absolute universality (al-istighraq).	classical_aligned
فإن قيل : لما دلت الدلائل على أن الزيغ لا يجوز أن يخلقه الله تعالى ، وجب حمل هذه الآية على التأويل.	If it is said: Since the proofs indicate that deviation (al-zaygh) is not permissible for God, exalted be He, to create, then it is obligatory to interpret this verse [metaphorically].	classical_aligned
وحينئذ يعود ما ذكرناه	and at that point, what we have mentioned returns.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
فأما إن هذا الشك وقع أو لم يقع، فليس في الآية دلالة عليه،	As for whether this doubt actually occurred or did not occur, there is no indication in the verse concerning that.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
وقال عليه الصلاة والسلام لأبن مسعود اقض بالكتاب والسنة إذا وجدتهما فإن	and he peace and blessings be upon him said to ibn mas ud: adjudicate by the book and the sunnah if you find them.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
أحدهما: طرد القولين؛ لأنه لا ضرورة إليه.	One of them: to extend the two opinions [mentioned above]; for there is no necessity (ḍarūrah) for it.	nawawi__rawdat_al_talibin_v5_translated
ثم جعل المسألة على قولين مرتبين على القولين فيمن صلى في موضع تنجس،	Then he framed the issue upon two positions, arranged upon the two positions concerning one who prays in a place that has become impure.	nawawi__rawdat_al_talibin_v5_translated
على الباب الذي يقابله ولا يعودون إليه أبدا يدخلون فيه من الباب الشرقي	Upon the gate that faces them, and they never return to it—ever. They enter through it from the eastern gate.	classical_aligned
وقال: الذين خسروا أنفسهم وأهليهم يوم القيامة ألا ذلك هو الخسران المبين [الزمر/ 15] ،	He said: {الذين خسروا أنفسهم وأهليهم يوم القيامة ألا ذلك هو الخسران المبين} "Those who lose their souls and their families on the Day of Resurrection—verily, that is the manifest forfeiture" [Al-Zumar 39:15].	classical_aligned
سبحاله وهذه الأسالة وااظلية كا صالة سائر الصفات الحقيقية وظلينها فإن جل تلك	this originality and shadowness are like the originality of the rest of the real attributes and their shadowness.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
وهو قوله تعالى: وأقسموا بالله جهد أيمنهم لا يبعث الله من يموت [النحل: 38] إلى غير ذلك مما كانوا يذكرونه من إنكار المعاد فقرعهم الله تعالى بهذا القول لأن التقريع بهذا الجنس أقوى،	} — and its meaning is what God — exalted is He — mentioned in another verse, namely His saying — exalted is He: "And they swore by God their most solemn oaths that God will not raise one who dies" {al-Nahl: 38} — and other such things they used to mention denying the resurrection.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
ثم لقائل أن يقول: قوله: «الحمد لله رب العالمين» كلام تام، إلا أن قوله: «الرحمن الرحيم ملك» متعلق بما قبله،	Then a speaker may say: His saying {«al-hamdu li-Allah rabb al-'alamin»} ["Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds"] is complete speech; however, His saying {«al-Rahman al-Rahim malik»} ["the Most Merciful, the Especially Merciful, Master"] is connected to what precedes it, because they are attributes, and attributes fo...	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
رَبَضَتِ الدَّابَّةُ وَالشَّاةُ وَالخَرُوفُ تَرْبِضُ رَبْضًا وَرُبُوضًا وَرَبْضَةً حَسَنَةً، وَهُوَ كَالْبُرُوكِ لِلْإِبِلِ. وَالرَّبْضُ: مَأْوَى الْغَنَمِ. وَأَرْبَاضُ الْمَدِينَةِ: نَوَاحِيهَا.	The beast, the sheep, and the lamb lay down flat on the ground, lying down with a good posture—this is the counterpart of the camel's kneeling. 'Rabḍ' is the dwelling place of sheep, and the 'arbāḍ' of a city are its outlying quarters.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
فإذا وجد مكانا فيه كلأ وماء رجع إلى أهله فيناديهم،	When he found a place containing pasture and water, he would return to his people and call out to them.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
وعلى قول ابن القاص: لا يقع على الأولى شيء،	According to Ibn al-Qāṣṣ: nothing falls upon the first, and only one divorce falls upon each of the remaining ones.	nawawi__rawdat_al_talibin_v5_translated
وههنا فيه احتمالات: الأول: أن يكون المراد من قوله: { وردوا إلى الله } أي وردوا إلى حيث لا حكم إلا لله على ما تقدم من نظائره.	And here there are several possibilities: First: that the intended meaning of His saying {«وردوا إلى الله»} is: they are returned to a state where there is no judgment except for God, according to what has preceded of its parallels.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
الحجة الخامسة عشر : الإيمان حسنة ، وكل حسنة فمن الله ، ينتج : أن	the fifteenth proof : faith iman is a good deed hasanah , and every good deed is from god.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix
وقد ذكر بعض الحكماء في ذلك مثلا فقال: إن مثل الناس فيما أعطوه من أعراض الدنيا مثل رجل دعا قوما إلى داره،	And one of the sages has mentioned a parable concerning this, saying: The likeness of men with respect to what they are given of the accidents of this world is like the likeness of a man who invited a people to his house.	classical_aligned
فإن وافق وركع معه، فأي الركوعين يحتسب؟	If he conforms and bows with him, then which of the two bowings is counted for him?	nawawi__rawdat_al_talibin_v5_translated
ثم إن هذه النعمة وهي كيفية هذه التوبة لما لم يكن وصفها إلا بمقدمة ذكر المعصية كان ذكرها أيضا في تمام النعمة.	Furthermore, this favor — namely, the modality of this repentance — since it could not be described except by way of a preamble mentioning the disobedience, the mention of that disobedience also falls within the completion of the favor.	razi__razi_tafsir_kabir_v4_translated
لأنها بنته، وإن كان اللبن لغيره فسنذكره - إن شاء الله تعالى -،	If the milk was from someone other than him, we shall mention it — God willing.	nawawi__rawdat_al_talibin_v5_translated
وحينئذ نقول : إن مرادنا بقولنا : كل مرتبة : جملة تلك الأقسام والأجزاء.	And at that point we say: Our intended meaning by our statement "every rank" is the totality of those divisions and parts.	classical_aligned
رَزَخه بالرمح يَرْزَخُه رَزْخاً: زَجَّه به. والمِرْزَخَةُ: كل ما رُزِخَ به.	He thrust him with the spear, he thrusts him with a thrusting: he drove it into him. And the mirzakhah: any instrument with which one thrusts or pierces.	Basran_Heritage_Matrix

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Classical Arabic → English — work-level leak-free split

An Arabic→English parallel set assembled so that evaluation cannot be won by memorisation.

Why it exists

The bilingual material this was drawn from could not support a benchmark:

its largest "parallel" sources are lexicons, not sentences (lisan_farahidian 57,886, semantic_anchor 7,583, Basran_Heritage_Matrix 137,961 held lexeme rows mixed with sentences);
the same work appears in several source files, so pairs had to be de-duplicated across files;
an earlier in-project evaluation set (Grand-100) turned out to be 100 % contained in the training data — all 100 Arabic sentences and all 100 English references appear verbatim in the corpora.

How the split is made

keep sentence-level pairs only — the form heuristic rejects a lexeme (single-token Arabic side with a short English gloss);
de-duplicate on (arabic, english) across all source files;
hold out whole works (31 of them) so no sentence from a test work can contribute training pairs;
verify by counting 13-gram overlap between test and train in both directions, then drop every test row that still shares one.

Held-out works include Ġazālī (al-Mustasfā, Mishkāt al-Anwār, al-Munqidh min al-Ḍalāl, Maqāṣid al-Falāsifa and others), several Nawawī works, and Rāzī, Asrār al-Tanzīl.

Files

file	rows	note
`train.jsonl`	117,264
`dev.jsonl`	6,171
`test.jsonl`	19,069	held-out works
`test_clean.jsonl`	17,916	zero 13-gram overlap with train — use this one
`test_clean.ar`, `test_clean.en`	17,916	plain text for sacrebleu
`split_report.json`	—	the overlap verification numbers

Fields: arabic, english, work.

Verified overlap

Before filtering: Arabic 0.98 %, English 1.33 % of test 13-grams also occur in train. test_clean.jsonl removes every offending row (1,153), leaving 0.000 %.

Baselines on `test_clean` (chrF++ / BLEU, sacrebleu)

system	chrF++	BLEU
identity (floor)	1.98	1.30
a shipped lexicon/rule “transmutation” engine	1.53	0.02
`Helsinki-NLP/opus-mt-ar-en`, zero-shot	28.14	9.43
the same model fine-tuned on `train.jsonl` (subword)	44.87	24.43
the same, with a Farāhīdian root-concept string prefixed to the source	44.59	23.91

So: in-domain data is worth +16.7 chrF++ over zero-shot, while textual root-concept conditioning is worth −0.28 — no gain. Reference quality is machine translation, which caps the absolute scores; comparisons between systems on identical references remain valid.

Caveats

The English side is machine-translated (*_v4_translated) — usable for comparative evaluation, not as a gold standard of human translation.
Domain is classical/scholastic Arabic (Ġazālī, Rāzī, Nawawī, the Andalusian grammarians), so absolute numbers are not comparable to modern-MSA benchmarks such as FLORES.
The split is by work, not by genre or century.

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