Datasets:

globenomad
/

digital-nomad-visa-data

Error code:   StreamingRowsError
Exception:    CastError
Message:      Couldn't cast
title: string
id: string
licenses: list<item: struct<name: string>>
  child 0, item: struct<name: string>
      child 0, name: string
records: list<item: struct<slug: string, country_slug: string, country: string, region: string, page_url: str (... 806 chars omitted)
  child 0, item: struct<slug: string, country_slug: string, country: string, region: string, page_url: string, progra (... 794 chars omitted)
      child 0, slug: string
      child 1, country_slug: string
      child 2, country: string
      child 3, region: string
      child 4, page_url: string
      child 5, programme_name: string
      child 6, visa_name: string
      child 7, program_status: string
      child 8, summary: string
      child 9, min_income_usd: int64
      child 10, income_original: string
      child 11, cost_usd: int64
      child 12, max_stay_months: int64
      child 13, processing_time: string
      child 14, requirements: list<item: string>
          child 0, item: string
      child 15, steps: list<item: string>
          child 0, item: string
      child 16, faqs: list<item: struct<question: string, answer: string>>
          child 0, item: struct<question: string, answer: string>
              child 0, question: string
              child 1, answer: string
      child 17, renewable: bool
      child 18, max_total_years: int64
      child 19, pr_path: bool
      child 20, pr_after_years: int64
      child 21, citizenship_path: bool
      child 22, citizenship_after_years: int64
      child 23, renewal_note: string
      child 24, tax_residency_days: int64
      child 25, foreign_income_taxed: bool
      child 26, special_tax_regime: bool
      child 27, tax_note: string
      child 28, dependents_allowed: bool
      child 29, spouse_income_add_usd: int64
      child 30, child_income_add_usd: int64
      child 31, family_note: string
      child 32, apply_from_abroad: bool
      child 33, apply_method: string
      child 34, logistics_note: string
      child 35, official_url: string
      child 36, verified_at: timestamp[s]
dataset: string
description: string
record_count: int64
license_url: string
attribution: string
method_url: string
license: string
last_verified_at: timestamp[s]
source: string
null_means: string
to
{'dataset': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string'), 'source': Value('string'), 'method_url': Value('string'), 'license': Value('string'), 'license_url': Value('string'), 'attribution': Value('string'), 'null_means': Value('string'), 'last_verified_at': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'record_count': Value('int64'), 'records': List({'slug': Value('string'), 'country_slug': Value('string'), 'country': Value('string'), 'region': Value('string'), 'page_url': Value('string'), 'programme_name': Value('string'), 'visa_name': Value('string'), 'program_status': Value('string'), 'summary': Value('string'), 'min_income_usd': Value('int64'), 'income_original': Value('string'), 'cost_usd': Value('int64'), 'max_stay_months': Value('int64'), 'processing_time': Value('string'), 'requirements': List(Value('string')), 'steps': List(Value('string')), 'faqs': List({'question': Value('string'), 'answer': Value('string')}), 'renewable': Value('bool'), 'max_total_years': Value('int64'), 'pr_path': Value('bool'), 'pr_after_years': Value('int64'), 'citizenship_path': Value('bool'), 'citizenship_after_years': Value('int64'), 'renewal_note': Value('string'), 'tax_residency_days': Value('int64'), 'foreign_income_taxed': Value('bool'), 'special_tax_regime': Value('bool'), 'tax_note': Value('string'), 'dependents_allowed': Value('bool'), 'spouse_income_add_usd': Value('int64'), 'child_income_add_usd': Value('int64'), 'family_note': Value('string'), 'apply_from_abroad': Value('bool'), 'apply_method': Value('string'), 'logistics_note': Value('string'), 'official_url': Value('string'), 'verified_at': Value('timestamp[s]')})}
because column names don't match
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 147, in get_rows_or_raise
                  return get_rows(
                      dataset=dataset,
                  ...<4 lines>...
                      column_names=column_names,
                  )
                File "/src/libs/libcommon/src/libcommon/utils.py", line 272, in decorator
                  return func(*args, **kwargs)
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 127, in get_rows
                  rows_plus_one = list(itertools.islice(safe_iter(ds, dataset=dataset), rows_max_number + 1))
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 483, in safe_iter
                  yield from ds.decode(False) if ds.features else ds
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2951, in __iter__
                  for key, example in ex_iterable:
                                      ^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2461, in __iter__
                  for key, pa_table in self._iter_arrow():
                                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2486, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.ex_iterable._iter_arrow():
                                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 547, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in iterator:
                                       ^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 430, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.generate_tables_fn(**gen_kwags):
                                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 343, in _generate_tables
                  self._cast_table(pa_table, json_field_paths=json_field_paths),
                  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 132, in _cast_table
                  pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self.info.features.arrow_schema)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2378, in table_cast
                  return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2306, in cast_table_to_schema
                  raise CastError(
                  ...<3 lines>...
                  )
              datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
              title: string
              id: string
              licenses: list<item: struct<name: string>>
                child 0, item: struct<name: string>
                    child 0, name: string
              records: list<item: struct<slug: string, country_slug: string, country: string, region: string, page_url: str (... 806 chars omitted)
                child 0, item: struct<slug: string, country_slug: string, country: string, region: string, page_url: string, progra (... 794 chars omitted)
                    child 0, slug: string
                    child 1, country_slug: string
                    child 2, country: string
                    child 3, region: string
                    child 4, page_url: string
                    child 5, programme_name: string
                    child 6, visa_name: string
                    child 7, program_status: string
                    child 8, summary: string
                    child 9, min_income_usd: int64
                    child 10, income_original: string
                    child 11, cost_usd: int64
                    child 12, max_stay_months: int64
                    child 13, processing_time: string
                    child 14, requirements: list<item: string>
                        child 0, item: string
                    child 15, steps: list<item: string>
                        child 0, item: string
                    child 16, faqs: list<item: struct<question: string, answer: string>>
                        child 0, item: struct<question: string, answer: string>
                            child 0, question: string
                            child 1, answer: string
                    child 17, renewable: bool
                    child 18, max_total_years: int64
                    child 19, pr_path: bool
                    child 20, pr_after_years: int64
                    child 21, citizenship_path: bool
                    child 22, citizenship_after_years: int64
                    child 23, renewal_note: string
                    child 24, tax_residency_days: int64
                    child 25, foreign_income_taxed: bool
                    child 26, special_tax_regime: bool
                    child 27, tax_note: string
                    child 28, dependents_allowed: bool
                    child 29, spouse_income_add_usd: int64
                    child 30, child_income_add_usd: int64
                    child 31, family_note: string
                    child 32, apply_from_abroad: bool
                    child 33, apply_method: string
                    child 34, logistics_note: string
                    child 35, official_url: string
                    child 36, verified_at: timestamp[s]
              dataset: string
              description: string
              record_count: int64
              license_url: string
              attribution: string
              method_url: string
              license: string
              last_verified_at: timestamp[s]
              source: string
              null_means: string
              to
              {'dataset': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string'), 'source': Value('string'), 'method_url': Value('string'), 'license': Value('string'), 'license_url': Value('string'), 'attribution': Value('string'), 'null_means': Value('string'), 'last_verified_at': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'record_count': Value('int64'), 'records': List({'slug': Value('string'), 'country_slug': Value('string'), 'country': Value('string'), 'region': Value('string'), 'page_url': Value('string'), 'programme_name': Value('string'), 'visa_name': Value('string'), 'program_status': Value('string'), 'summary': Value('string'), 'min_income_usd': Value('int64'), 'income_original': Value('string'), 'cost_usd': Value('int64'), 'max_stay_months': Value('int64'), 'processing_time': Value('string'), 'requirements': List(Value('string')), 'steps': List(Value('string')), 'faqs': List({'question': Value('string'), 'answer': Value('string')}), 'renewable': Value('bool'), 'max_total_years': Value('int64'), 'pr_path': Value('bool'), 'pr_after_years': Value('int64'), 'citizenship_path': Value('bool'), 'citizenship_after_years': Value('int64'), 'renewal_note': Value('string'), 'tax_residency_days': Value('int64'), 'foreign_income_taxed': Value('bool'), 'special_tax_regime': Value('bool'), 'tax_note': Value('string'), 'dependents_allowed': Value('bool'), 'spouse_income_add_usd': Value('int64'), 'child_income_add_usd': Value('int64'), 'family_note': Value('string'), 'apply_from_abroad': Value('bool'), 'apply_method': Value('string'), 'logistics_note': Value('string'), 'official_url': Value('string'), 'verified_at': Value('timestamp[s]')})}
              because column names don't match

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GlobeNomad Visa Dataset

Long-stay, remote-work and nomad visa records — one per programme — each sourced to an official government page and carrying the date it was last checked.

A country may hold several records. Thailand publishes four: the DTV, the education visa, the retirement route and the Non-B. Group by country_slug, not by slug — slug is the record key. See CHANGELOG.md if you are holding a file from before 2026-08-27, when this was one row per country.

Free to use, including commercially, under CC BY 4.0. The only condition is attribution.

Download: data/visas.json
Field reference: SCHEMA.md
About the dataset: https://globenomad.com/data
How records are verified: https://globenomad.com/how-we-verify

Why this exists

Visa rules are published by dozens of governments in dozens of formats — most unstructured, several self-contradicting, and a few describing programmes that shut years ago. Anyone building a tool, running a study or writing about where people can legally live and work has to assemble this by hand first.

So it is published: the whole set, the same records that power every country page on globenomad.com, regenerated from the same database. Not a sample, not a teaser for a paid tier.

Read this before you render it

A null value means the government has not published that rule. It never means "no".

A record whose pr_path is null must not be displayed as "No permanent residency path" — no source says that, and someone may plan a move around it. Show unknown as unknown.

Every field is present in every record. A value is either populated or explicitly null, so you never have to work out whether a missing key means an unknown answer or a dropped field.

How it is verified

Every record carries the URL it was checked against, in official_url, and for most that is the issuing authority itself — the immigration ministry, consulate, e-visa portal or the programme's own government site.

It is not the issuing authority for every record, and the field tells you which. Some governments publish nothing usable, and a few block automated reads outright: the Philippine EO 86 record is sourced to a law library because the government pages return 403, and a handful of programmes are documented only by a national tourism or investment board. Where that happens the record links what was actually read rather than a government URL that does not carry the figure — check official_url before citing a record as a government source. We would rather publish the substitution than imply a provenance the file does not have.

Records are re-checked at least once a year, and immediately when we learn a rule changed.
Where an official page is ambiguous or contradicts itself, a second reputable source is cross-checked. Where sources genuinely conflict, the field is left null rather than guessed.
Closed and never-launched programmes stay in the set with an honest program_status instead of being quietly deleted. "This closed in 2024" is a fact people need and almost nobody publishes.
Income requirements are set in local currency and move with exchange rates. Treat min_income_usd as a bracket, not a threshold; income_original carries the government's own wording.

Full method: https://globenomad.com/how-we-verify

What is deliberately not in here

No affiliate or tracking links. globenomad.com is funded by affiliate referrals, and the dataset is kept clear of them on purpose. Data you can cite has to be data nobody paid to shape.
No images. The country photography on the site is not covered by this licence — only the data is.
No scraped third-party content. Records are compiled from official sources — primarily government ones, and where none is usable, the best available published source, named in official_url so you can judge it yourself. Nothing here is lifted from another visa site.

Attribution

CC BY 4.0 asks for credit and a link. Paste this, or anything that names the dataset and links back:

Data: <a href="https://globenomad.com/data">GlobeNomad Visa Dataset</a>, CC BY 4.0

Plain text:

GlobeNomad Visa Dataset — https://globenomad.com/data — CC BY 4.0

No registration, no API key, no rate limit, no email address to hand over, nothing to renew.

Corrections

If you have just been through one of these applications, you know the current rules better than any published page does — consulates change requirements faster than they update their websites.

Open an issue here, or send it through https://globenomad.com/contact with the country and what you ran into. It gets checked against the official source and fixed in the dataset and on the site at the same time. Corrections are the single most useful thing anyone can send.

Regenerating

The file is generated from the live database, not hand-edited:

go run ./cmd/export-dataset

Re-running on unchanged data produces a byte-identical file, so git diff on data/visas.json is an exact record of what changed in the dataset and when.

Licence

CC BY 4.0 — Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.

The dataset is provided as-is. It is not immigration advice: GlobeNomad reports what official rules say and links to where they say it. For a complicated case — unusual nationality, dependants, or tax-residency questions — pay a professional in the destination country.

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