juliensimon/constellation-tle-latest

Constellation TLEs -- 18 Satellite Constellations

Credit: NASA

Part of the Orbital Mechanics Datasets collection on Hugging Face.

Dataset description

Daily Two-Line Element (TLE) snapshots for 18 satellite constellations sourced from CelesTrak. Covers GNSS navigation (GPS, Galileo, BeiDou, GLONASS, SBAS), LEO broadband (OneWeb, Kuiper, Qianfan, Hulianwang), LEO communications (Iridium, Globalstar, ORBCOMM), Earth observation (Planet Labs, Spire Global), and GEO communications (SES, Intelsat, Eutelsat, Telesat).

Two-Line Element sets (TLEs) are the standard format for representing satellite orbital elements, developed by NORAD and used universally with the SGP4/SDP4 propagation model. This dataset provides daily-fresh TLEs for every major non-Starlink constellation in orbit, organized by operator for easy access.

Raw .tle files are provided alongside Parquet for maximum compatibility: orbit propagation libraries like python-sgp4, orekit, and STK consume the standard three-line TLE format directly. Because TLE accuracy degrades rapidly (especially for LEO objects), daily updates are essential for operational applications.

Starlink TLEs are published separately in starlink-tle-latest due to the constellation's size (7,000+ satellites).

Constellations

Constellation	Operator	Orbit	Satellites
OneWeb	Eutelsat OneWeb	LEO	651
Kuiper	Amazon	LEO	391
Qianfan (G60)	Shanghai Spacecom	LEO	238
Hulianwang (GuoWang)	China SatNet	LEO	182
Iridium NEXT	Iridium	LEO	80
Globalstar	Globalstar	LEO	28
ORBCOMM	ORBCOMM	LEO	14
Planet Labs	Planet Labs	LEO	115
Spire Global	Spire Global	LEO	92
GPS (NAVSTAR)	USSF	MEO	40
Galileo	EU/ESA	MEO	49
BeiDou	CNSA	MEO/GEO	56
SBAS	Various	GEO	6
SES	SES	GEO	69
Intelsat	Intelsat	GEO	26
Eutelsat	Eutelsat	GEO	28
Telesat	Telesat	GEO/LEO	4

Total: 2,069 satellites -- 1,791 LEO, 145 MEO, 133 GEO

Raw TLE files

For applications that consume standard 3-line TLE format (e.g., SGP4 propagators):

• data/oneweb.tle -- OneWeb
• data/kuiper.tle -- Kuiper
• data/qianfan.tle -- Qianfan (G60)
• data/hulianwang.tle -- Hulianwang (GuoWang)
• data/iridium.tle -- Iridium NEXT
• data/globalstar.tle -- Globalstar
• data/orbcomm.tle -- ORBCOMM
• data/planet.tle -- Planet Labs
• data/spire.tle -- Spire Global
• data/gps.tle -- GPS (NAVSTAR)
• data/galileo.tle -- Galileo
• data/beidou.tle -- BeiDou
• data/sbas.tle -- SBAS
• data/ses.tle -- SES
• data/intelsat.tle -- Intelsat
• data/eutelsat.tle -- Eutelsat
• data/telesat.tle -- Telesat

Schema (all configs)

Column	Type	Description
norad_cat_id	int64	NORAD catalog number -- unique integer assigned by US Space Command to every tracked object
name	string	Satellite name as listed in Space-Track (e.g., 'STARLINK-1234', 'ONEWEB-0012', 'NAVSTAR 78')
constellation	string	Constellation identifier (e.g., 'starlink', 'oneweb', 'planet', 'galileo')
line1	string	TLE line 1 (69 characters): satellite number, classification, epoch, first/second derivative of mean motion, BSTAR drag term, element set number
line2	string	TLE line 2 (69 characters): inclination, RAAN, eccentricity, argument of perigee, mean anomaly, mean motion (rev/day); use with SGP4 propagator
epoch_utc	timestamp[ns, tz=UTC]	TLE reference epoch in UTC; elements are most accurate within +/-1-2 days of this time

Quick stats

• 2,069 satellites across 17 constellations
• 1,791 LEO + 145 MEO + 133 GEO
• Snapshot: 2026-10-06 12:09 UTC

Usage

from datasets import load_dataset

# Load a specific constellation
gps = load_dataset("juliensimon/constellation-tle-latest", "gps", split="train")
oneweb = load_dataset("juliensimon/constellation-tle-latest", "oneweb", split="train")

# Use with sgp4 library for orbit propagation
from sgp4.api import Satrec
sat = Satrec.twoline2rv(gps[0]["line1"], gps[0]["line2"])

# Load all GNSS constellations
import pandas as pd
gnss = pd.concat([
    load_dataset("juliensimon/constellation-tle-latest", c, split="train").to_pandas()
    for c in ["gps", "galileo", "beidou", "glonass", "sbas"]
])
print(f"{len(gnss)} GNSS satellites")

# Compare constellation sizes with matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sizes = {}
for config in ["oneweb", "iridium", "planet", "spire", "gps"]:
    ds = load_dataset("juliensimon/constellation-tle-latest", config, split="train")
    sizes[config] = len(ds)
plt.bar(sizes.keys(), sizes.values())
plt.ylabel("Satellites")
plt.title("Constellation Sizes")
plt.show()

Data source

CelesTrak (Dr. T.S. Kelso), mirroring NORAD/18th Space Defense Squadron data. No authentication required.

Update schedule

Daily at 05:30 UTC via GitHub Actions.

Related datasets

• juliensimon/starlink-tle-latest -- Daily Starlink + GPS TLEs
• juliensimon/space-track-tle-history -- 238M+ historical TLEs (1959-present)
• juliensimon/constellation-census -- Parsed orbital elements with status classification
• juliensimon/space-track-satcat -- Complete NORAD satellite catalog
• juliensimon/ucs-satellite-database -- Active satellites with purpose and operator metadata

Citation

@dataset{constellation_tle_latest,
  title = {Constellation TLEs -- 18 Satellite Constellations},
  author = {Simon, Julien},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/constellation-tle-latest},
  publisher = {Hugging Face}
}

License

CC-BY-4.0