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e Machin series with one of the five panes printed in 22kt gold foil and embossed as a block of four. A counter booklet of 1st class Machins showed a photo of Arnold Machin at work sculpting the Machin Effigy. A group of 6 Machin Faststamps was issued and with some pre-decimal colours. Several first day of issue covers... |
Prestige Booklet Panes. |
There has been a series of Prestige Booklet Panes produced since the first "Wedgwood" prestige booklet of 16 April 1980 starting with the "Stanley Gibbons" issue of 19 May 1982, consisting of a 3-square panel of 9 stamps or 8 stamps with a central non-value label. Initially prestige booklets consisted of several panes ... |
They were originally given the Stanley Gibbons designation "DX", and then the designation "DY" from 2011, and are: |
The wrong typeface. |
All printers have in recent years been given a technical brief on printing Machin stamps from Royal Mail and Cartor would have had the same brief. To reduce the risk of any mistakes the brief would set the standard for every element of the stamp including the typeface to be used for the value. The standard typeface use... |
Mini sheet printings. |
High-quality Machins are found in the eight values of the 2000 Jeffery Matthews Colour Palette mini-sheet printed in photogravure by de la Rue, and the eleven stamps of the 2010 Festival of Stamps mini-sheet printed in lithography by Cartor. Both sheets exhibit high-quality printing and gave rise to all-new types and s... |
Overseas. |
Crown dependencies. |
The first British stamps of the "Machin" series served as such in the Crown dependencies before their postal independence: Guernsey and Jersey until 1969 and the Isle of Man until 1973. |
In Guernsey, the royal effigy on commemorative stamps was sometimes in the first years the "Machin" series effigy before the royal cypher was used (ER for "Elizabeth 2 Regina"). |
Hong Kong. |
In the British colony of Hong Kong, the last definitive series featuring Queen Elizabeth II was an adapted version of the British "Machin" stamp, though the Machin effigy was tilted forward slightly. The effigy is placed to the right side of the illustration to make place for the place name in Chinese characters. The b... |
The first values were issued in June 1992. Many commemorative miniature sheets used the Hong Kong "Machin" stamp to mark philatelic events and the last moments of the British rule on the colony, and most but not all of them were in the $10.00 Hong Kong dollar denomination. |
To prepare for the sovereignty of the People's Republic of China in July 1997, the "Machin" series was replaced in January 1997 by a new definitive series showing the urban panorama of Hong Kong. |
Somaliland. |
In April 1996, the United Kingdom one penny "Machin" stamp was overprinted and used for a few days in Somaliland, a state that self-declared its independence from Somalia in 1991. Somaliland comprises the area formerly known as the British Somaliland Protectorate. |
Due to an insufficient stock of paper, the British printer Harrison and Sons could not deliver in time a stamp issue ordered for Somaliland. Because of the lack of postage stamps there, it was decided to overprint "REPUBLIC / OF / SOMALILAND / 500 SHILLIN" on 4,300 Machin British one penny (1p) definitive stamps availa... |
However, the stamps were quickly withdrawn and destroyed. There exist only about 30 or so genuinely postally used covers-and these were all posted by tourists who happened to be visiting Somaliland at the time. |
Canada. |
Canada Post issued a domestic rate stamp on 7 February 2022 using the Machin design, to mark the Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II. The stamp is available in booklets of 10 self-adhesive stamps. This is the first time the Machin design has appeared on a Canadian stamp. |
References and sources. |
Specialised bibliography. |
In English: |
In French: |
</doc> |
<doc id="3563563" url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3563563" title="Reese Court"> |
Reese Court |
Reese Court is a 6,000-seat multi-purpose arena in Cheney, Washington, on the campus of Eastern Washington University. It is home to the EWU Eagles basketball team and replaced Eastern Washington Fieldhouse in 1975. It was the host venue of the 2004 Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament, and is located southwe... |
Naming. |
The gem of the Sports and Recreation Center, the Special Events Pavilion opened in 1975 for spring quarter commencement on June 6. |
The basketball court was named in September 1980 for legendary coach William B. "Red" Reese (1899–1974) and is now referred to as Reese Court. Coach Reese amassed an impressive 473 victories against 298 defeats during his 31 years as head coach of three sports: football, basketball, and track. |
William Reese. |
Known for his fierce competitiveness, Reese led the Savages from 1930 to 1964. During World War II, he served as physical fitness officer and football coach for the Second Air Force. Located just off the main court is a conference room named in Reese's honor that has many interesting mementos of his era as head coach. ... |
Uses. |
Reese Court has been home to the Eagle basketball and volleyball teams since the 1975–76 season. Other regularly scheduled events in the facility include: |
Graduation. |
Graduation ceremonies for graduate students are held at Reese Court annually. Before 2004, the non-undergraduate graduation ceremony for EWU was held at the Spokane Arena in Spokane. |
</doc> |
<doc id="3563565" url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3563565" title="Kirk Pride"> |
Kirk Pride |
Kirk Pride was a cargo ship that operated in the Cayman Islands from 1947 to 1976. |
Background. |
The Kirk Pride was a Tampa-based, a , 498 ton freight vessel owned by Kirkconnell Shipping Co and piloted by William Kirkconnell with a crew of 11. On October 4th, 1974, the US Coast Guard escorted the freighter to port after severe weather resulted in a significant amount of water entering the ballast tanks. |
Shipwreck. |
In January 1976, the "Kirk Pride" was docked in the harbor of George Town, Cayman Islands awaiting repairs to her engines. An approaching storm prompted authorities to move the ship to a deeper location However, her engines malfunctioned and would not turn on when they were supposed to. As a result, the ship was driven... |
It was initially believed that the wreckage sank to the bottom of the Cayman Wall. However in 1985, it was discovered at a depth of feet of water. Trapped by two pinnacles, one at the bow and another at the stern, it rolled down the 45–60° slope to the edge of the shelf. Underwater visibility is approximately 300 feet ... |
The ship has interested divers following its sinking. A brief film of the wreck can be viewed on the episode "Reefs and Wrecks" of the BBC television series Wild Caribbean, produced in 2008. The name of the ship is visible at filming on the stern. |
An expeditionary dive was conducted by S.U.C.C. in the early 2000 but due to an error in gas mixing, and the death of a diver, J.T. The dive was terminated, but the footage remains. The ship has since, dislodged and slipped over the shelf and descended to the ocean floor. No salvage attempts have been made to date. |
</doc> |
<doc id="3563570" url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3563570" title="Szaloncukor"> |
Szaloncukor |
Szaloncukor (; Slovak: "salónka", plural "salónky"; literally: "parlour candy", Romanian: "bomboane de pom") is a type of sweet traditionally associated with Christmas in Hungary, Romania and Slovakia. It is a typical imported and adapted Hungarikum. It is usually made of fondant, covered by chocolate and wrapped in sh... |
Every year, almost a kilo and a half of it are consumed per household during Christmas season. |
The tradition of hanging these candies on the Christmas tree started in the 19th century. It was named "szaloncukor" because the tree usually stood in the parlour ("szalon" in Hungarian; "Cukor" means "sugar" or "candy"; in Slovak "salón" is "parlour" and "-ka" is diminutive suffix). |
The name comes from the German-Austrian "Salonzuckerl", this is why the original name was "szalonczukkedli". |
Manufacturing. |
The whole procedure was manual until the first fondant-machines have appeared. These were made by Stühmer chocolate factory for the famous sweet-shop, Gerbaud. The last part of the procedure to be mechanized was the thrumming of the end of the paper cover. Considering that it has such a typical shape to keep, this part... |
Fondant candies originally came in a few flavours (vanilla and strawberry for example), but now there is a variety of candies, including jelly, coconut, hazelnut and many other flavors. It is usually hung on the tree with strings or small metal hooks. It is considered traditional on children's part, no matter how adult... |
History. |
The earliest version of this fondant dessert emerged during the 14th century in France and was called "fondantcukor". The recipe was altered through the years of European confectionery history. French pastry chef Pierre-Andre Manion in the 17th century introduced "fondantcukor" recipe in Germany. |
The popularity of the fondant candies reached Hungary when German craftsmen migrated there in the 19th century. German wealthy families would erect Christmas trees in the entrance halls of their homes (called salons) and decorate them with sweets wrapped in shiny paper. |
Such candies were made first in the 14th century in France. By the beginning of the 19th century it came through German intermediates to Hungary. In 1891, Hungarian-French chef and entrepreneur Hegyesi Joseph coined the name Szaloncukor which is derived from German fondant candy called "Salonzuckerl" which mean "Sugar ... |
The mass production of fondant candies wrapped in foil packaging was manufactured by steam-powered engines in 1883 in Hungary, mostly dedicated for creating traditional cakes of the Gerbeaud brand. |
Following Gerbeaud as inspiration, the family of Geza Kugler founded a chocolate factory in 1886. The Gerbeauds and Kuglers each adopted their own version of the recipe and published 19th-century recipe books of Hungarian confectionery. By the end of the 1800s, the candies were packed in tinfoil balls and colored tissu... |
In 1941, the Kuglers opened the largest chocolate factory in Hungary. |
In 1951 chocolate factory DEVA was founded in Trebišov, Czechoslovakia (today Slovakia), which has been producing one of the best known chocolate Christmas candy in Slovakia, including "parlour candy" ("salónky"). Today, DEVA is brand owned by company ChocoSuc Partner s.r.o. |
References. |
</doc> |
<doc id="3563571" url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3563571" title="The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency (novel)"> |
The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency (novel) |
The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency is the first detective novel in the eponymous series by Scottish author Alexander McCall Smith, first published in 1998. The novel introduces the Motswana Mma Precious Ramotswe, who begins the first detective agency in Botswana, in the capital city Gaborone, after her beloved father d... |
Precious tells her own story, from birth, and her father tells his story. When her father dies, she moves from Mochudi to Gaborone, the capital city, to begin her detective agency. She solves three cases, and meets important people, her secretary Grace Makutsi and good friend, the excellent mechanic, Mr JLB Matekoni. |
The novel was first published in Scotland, where it gained a following. After two more novels in the series were published, all three were published in the US to much acclaim; in 2002, for example, "Publishers Weekly" called it a "little gem of a book". The series did not catch on in England until the fifth novel in th... |
Plot summary. |
Mma Ramotswe sits in her office, the Number 1 Ladies Detective Agency. She has a secretary, and she has clients. She is in Gaborone, the capital of Botswana, a place of which she is proud. |
She is the only child of Obed Ramotswe, a man who worked long years in the mines in South Africa, until one day he witnessed a crime, and knew he had to leave the mines. He had married a year or two earlier, and their daughter was born in Mochudi. He was wise with the money he earned in the mines, using it to buy cattl... |
She lives with her cousin and cousin's husband. He has a business running buses, and is doing well. She takes a job in the firm, and uncovers thievery by another employee, defrauding the company. Each weekend she takes a bus home to Mochudi to see her father. On one bus trip she meets a boy, a musician named Note Mokot... |
Quote. |
The novel's theme is summed up in this quote: "She was a good detective, and a good woman. A good woman in a good country, one might say. She loved her country, Botswana, which is a place of peace, and she loved Africa, for all its trials. I am not ashamed to be called an African patriot, said Mma Ramotswe. I love all ... |
Allusions to historical events, persons. |
Part of the novel's plot is based on the murder of Segametsi Mogomotsi in 1994, a ritual killing in Mochudi. The novel gives a happier ending to the story, as the kidnapped child is not murdered, and Mma Ramotswe rescues him. |
Reviews. |
This novel gained more reviews when the second and third novels were published in the US in 2002. |
A reviewer in 2014 in "The Guardian" said "I really enjoyed this book, I found it thoroughly entertaining. Sometimes, while reading, I'd get so involved with the case Mma Ramotswe was solving that I wouldn't leave my chair until the case got over." |
The Dallas Public Library review said of Precious Ramotswe: "Always optimistic and appreciative of her life in her beloved country, Mma has more than common insight into human foibles and is therefore able to tackle her cases not so much from evidence (of which there is some) but from the psychology of the people invol... |
"Publishers Weekly" considered this a "little gem of a book" the pace desultory, which worked well, as "Mma Ramotswe's love of Africa, her wisdom and humor, shine through these pages as she shines her own light on the problems that vex her clients." The novel explores Botswana with a deft touch as well as telling the d... |
"Kirkus Reviews" was upbeat about the first novel, mentioning it with the next two in its review, and felt that the main character was ready for prime time. "Precious Ramotswe . . . she's ready for prime time. The first American publication of this 1999 debut has been preceded by two special Booker citations and two se... |
Publication history. |
This novel was released in 1998 in Scotland. This novel and the next two in the series were released at one time in the US, in 2002. |
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