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I need to compare two groups of students. Students of these groups did some work, which later was evaluated. Now I have the values of the accuracy of every student. Here are the results:
0.2
0.065
0.123
0.075
0.181
0.054
0.185
0.106
0.142
and
0.269
0.357
0.2
0.221
0.275
0.277
0.2... |
I want to implement k-NN to use in a multi-class dataset. I found "A k-Nearest Neighbor Based Algorithm for Multi-label Classification" but didn't get the algorithm.
Do you know any clear explanation of it?
What I have in mind it works as follows:
Calculate posterior probabilities for each class (simply by dividing nu... |
According to Crawley *), the Poisson deviance is computed as
$2 \sum{O \cdot \log ({O \over E})}$
But what if observed value $O$ is zero?
*) Statistical Computing - An Introduction to Data Analysis using S-Plus, Michael J. Crawley, printed by Wiley 2004, page 539.
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I would like to analyse the following data:
Number of observations: 430 trees
1 response variable: diameter growth of trees
2 categorical factors: tree species (9 levels) and treatment (2 levels)
The response variable seems to have an exponential distribution (density, density of log-transformed growth).
This plot s... |
I often see in various tutorials and webpages that explains fuzzy c-means clustering and soft k-means clustering. But i was not able to find any material which differentiates them.
Is it that both fuzzy c-means and soft k-means clustering are same or different?
|
Possible Duplicate:
Essential data checking tests
When you are presented with a dataset, what are some quick things you can look for to get a feel of how 'good' the dataset is. ('Good' in the sense of quality, reliability etc.). Any generic pointers?
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For my SVM algorithm I need to do an optimization in standard QP form.
In Matlab I would use 'quadprog' with the 'interior-point-convex' algorithm from the Optimization toolbox.
What is an equivalent (preferably free for acadamic use) library for python?
|
For some time, I wanted to stop copy-pasting my R results into word, but climbing the LaTex mountain seemed to much to be worth it. Recently, I came to discover LyX, as a laymen's solution to people like me who do not wish to code their text, but do wish to combine R analysis with text.
However, I found there is very ... |
I am doing a system for classifiying documents. The project demands the use of probability based output. So a sample will have a probability for belonging to each class.
For now I use logistic regression, but this could be subject to change. So I don't want to do an R^2 approximation. I also don't want to use standard ... |
I have a data set for second hand vehicle sales with 2 variables price and kms covered. If we plot these data in a 2-dimensional plane, the points will form scattered chart. I would like to select k samples (k - no of samples given by the user at run time) from the total data, maybe some 5,000 records. The samples sele... |
If $r$ is the effect size for the correlation between $A$ and $B$, then $r^2$ is the amount of variance in $B$ that can be attributed to variable $A$.
Is it important to report both indexes in a report, or just one or the other?
How do you explain them in plain English (for a non-statistical audience)?
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I am currently conducting analyses where I wish to investigate how one variable (M) mediates the association between SES (3-level categorical variable) and a measure of health (continuous variable). The association between M and health is curvilinear, meaning that both low and high levels of M is associated with increa... |
I have a question regarding how to find an equation for data points that have disturbances. For example, I have the following data:
P = 366 measured values
T = 366 measured values
t = [ 1 : 366 ], representing the days of the year (index)
So at each t (day), we have value of P and corresponding value of T. When draw... |
When I use 5-k cross validation, is the mean absolute error (MAE) equal to
$$\text{mean}(\text{MAEs of each 5 steps})=\frac{1}{5}(MAE_1 + \cdots + MAE_5)$$
or equal to
$$\text{mean}(\text{absolute errors of all predictions})$$?
|
(Not sure how to formulate this question and also didn't find any suitable tags.)
Are there any online sites where one can find professionals who do mathematical modeling, analyzing data and so on? More general, where to turn if you need help modeling some data on a (low budget) project?
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I am doing a project on finding out whether there is a difference in job satisfaction between employees of non-profit organisations and for-profit organisations. I also need to find whether job satisfaction varies as a function of age (categorized as below 20, 21-30 and so on), gender, and type of job (paid or voluntee... |
I just came across this paper, which describes how to compute the repeatability (a.k.a. reliability, a.k.a. intraclass correlation) of a measurement via mixed effects modelling. The R code would be:
#fit the model
fit = lmer(dv~(1|unit),data=my_data)
#obtain the variance estimates
vc = VarCorr(fit)
residual_var = attr... |
I am building a predictive model (binary target variable) in the financial services industry. One of the (many) potential predictors I am adding to the model is related to the customers checking account balance trend (longitudinal balance).
I'd like to capture if the balance is increasing or decreasing and how much. I ... |
I have been asked to use protected paired samples t-tests in an analysis. The requester states that if I do not use the overall MSe from my (1 factor with four levels) within-subjects ANOVA when conducting my paired samples t-tests there is not really any protection from the ANOVA.
As I remember it, in a between subje... |
I've got a spreadsheet of some team scores. First team to 10 points wins. There are 2 players on each team. The players play with different teammates all the time, although they are not chosen perfectly randomly. No individual scores are kept.
So basically we have
Bill and Bob beat Andy and Alice 10-4
Jake and Bill bea... |
I am looking for the bayesian counterpart of the two-sample t-test with unequal variances (the Welch test). I am also looking for a multivariate test, like Hotelling's T statistic. References appreciated.
For the multivariate case, suppose that we have $(y_1,\cdots,y_N)$ and $(z_1,\cdots,z_N)$, where $y_i$ (resp $z_i$)... |
I was running some timing simulations on a computer. As is often done with low latency things like this, I was running the relevant block in a loop $k$ times and then recording the total time over $k$ (average time). I repeated this thing $100$ times for $k=10000$ and $k=100000$ respectively and computed a mean and sta... |
I would like to perform an individual-level multivariate analysis at small levels of geographic aggregation (Australian census collection districts). Clearly, the census isn't available at these small levels of aggregation for privacy reasons so I am investigating other alternatives. Almost all the variables of inter... |
I have a set of estimates of function values, along with estimates of their standard errors. To somewhat simplify matters: for $x$ running from $1$ up to $70$ in (integer) steps (in fact a parameter in model selection), I have an estimate of the matching $y$-value (in fact an AUC) and an estimate of its SE. I cannot ma... |
I have a question on testing the hypothesis that a particular regression coefficient in a simple OLS scheme with all the good assumptions is zero or not.
In particular eq 3.12, in the book by Tibshirani and coll., Elements of Statistical Learning defines the z-score as
$$z = \beta/\hat\sigma\sqrt{v_j}$$
My question is... |
I am looking for a test for circular data that is equivalent to linear repeated measures ANOVA (I have an experiment using human participants where the same sample of participants perform multiple experimental conditions and the dependent variable is an angle).
I have noticed 3 tests for performing ANOVA on circular ... |
It is easy to graph effect size (r) for a correlation in the form of a scatterplot.
However, how do I graph the variance (r-squared)? Any thoughts on best practice?
|
I have a numpy array with m columns and n rows, the columns being dimensions and the rows datapoints.
I now need to calculate kernel values for each combination of data points.
For a linear kernel $K(\mathbf{x}_i,\mathbf{x}_j) = \langle \mathbf{x}_i,\mathbf{x}_j \rangle$ I can simply do dot(X,X.T)
How can I effectivel... |
My research topic is based on comparison of the effects of traditional and modern teaching techniques on students’ attitude and achievement in science.
I followed a pretest-posttest experimental design, in which one control group and one experimental group were involved.
Pretest and posttest used are different from eac... |
I have a continuous monotonically increasing function, $f(x)$, whose $x$-intercept, $x^*$, I am trying to estimate. I have a dataset of $(x_i,y_i)$ pairs, with each $y_i=f(x_i)+\varepsilon_i$, where $\varepsilon_{i} \sim \text{Normal}(0, \sigma)$. The value of $\sigma$ is relatively large. The dataset includes a health... |
An old-fashioned way of generating normally distributed random numbers entailed setting each normally distributed random number equal to the average of a set of uniformly distributed random numbers, rescaled and shifted by a constant. Let x be a uniformly distributed random variable, i.e. p(x) = 0 if x < 0 and x ≥1; p... |
There is a system containing $N$ clusters and in each cluster there are some elements. The clusters' sizes varies dramatically and most of the clusters are singletons.
I need to know the precision and recall of this system, but since I need to check it manually it is impossible to check too many units.
My question i... |
I'm taking a course in Statistical Quality Control as an elective in my masters program. We're using Montgomery's Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th Edition.
The book uses minitab throughout and the professor would like us to use minitab to follow along with the examples. He did however say we were free t... |
In R, I am trying to reproduce the predict() output value of the orthogonal polynomial regression below. Based on my understanding of polynomial regression, I get 0.03869436 which is different from 0.05947406. Can anyone please help me by providing the explicit formulation of the predict output as a function of the f... |
Starting with a really simple example, a bi-modal distribution, however, keeping in mind that this would likely be applied to more complex cases where modality is not as apparent, nor limited to 2 peaks. Albeit, this is the simple step.
x <- c(1,2,2,3,2,1,2,2,5,2,4,2,2,1,3,2,4,3,5,3,5,4,5,4,7,5,4,4,3,2,1,2,4,3)
dx <- d... |
I'm a programmer without a statistics background. I've been working with NLP lately to classify documents, and I'm pretty up to speed with NLP concepts. I've gotten to the point where the NLP software is returning classification probabilities for each category, and the probabilities are quite accurate.
The next task ... |
Basically, the goal of graph clustering and community detection methods are to compute
clusters.
Is there any difference between them?
|
Let's say that I score (with, for example, a logit model) a group of 10,000 customers according to their potential of buying a product, and that I decide to contact the top 1,000 with a special offer. I use the customers previous behavior as my training data. This far this is just a normal classification problem. Howev... |
I have a population of branded products lets say diary food and want to know which brand is the most liked.
I ask 1001 people to tell me their three most liked brands. What is the mathematical description of the problem?
|
I estimate a saturated / just-identified model (specifically: an APIM model, actor-partner-interdepence model) with the R package lavaan.
This model is saturated and should have 0 $df$. This is true for the "GLS" generalized least squares estimator. With "ML" maximum likelihood estimation, however, it has -1 $df$ accor... |
I am interested in determining the optimal number of clusters calculated by the PAM clustering algorithm using the Calinski-Harabasz (CH) index. To that end, I found 2 different R functions calculating CH values for a given clustering, but which returned different results: ?cluster.stats (in the fpc package), and ?inde... |
This is a bit more "think about it" question - but I see it as an important one to ask.
I have been struggling for the past few days with having a more reproducible-research-like workflow. I am confused with the two different strategies for writing a report.
The two strategies are:
Sweave or brew. Where there is a re... |
Possible Duplicate:
Testing hypothesis of no group differences
Suppose I have $k$ samples from 2 independent experiments (service times by 2 methods) and their means are similar. How do I statistically show that both methods have similar service times?
|
I am running Pearson's correlation on an overall sample of 400 respondents.
When I isolate male and female responses, my sample becomes 220 male responses and 180 female responses.
If I further isolate male and female responses by (say) age groups, some sample sizes become as low as 35 responses (for example, for fem... |
I am new to GLM modeling but committed to learning as much as possible...
I have the following situation. Data can fall into one of 4 buckets.
It is a GLM model with a poisson distribution and a log link.
The three models can be described as:
1) A A+B A+B+B A+B+B+B
The design matrix for this would be with lets say... |
I did an experiment where I asked 13 participants to order 4 stimuli (let's call them stimulus A, B, C and D), so there are 24 possible ways to order 4 items.
Now I would like to know how to analyze this data in the correct way.
Indeed I would like to say that on average a certain order configuration has been preferred... |
I'm trying to analyze for any trends in what I consider to be low observations or counts.
Let's say you have a bus service with the following commuters:
year average count
2001 12
2002 15
2003 17
2004 13
2005 18
2006 12
2007 9
2008 12
The above numbers are fictitious but similar to what my problem is... |
I've created an ARIMA (0 1 1)(0 1 2)12 model for our electricity costs. I have 44 months of monthly data, and have used X-12-ARIMA to do the model fitting. (I get similar results in R, it's just easier to use X-12-ARIMA and it gives a LOT of diagnostic output.) X-12-ARIMA allows you to enter a level shift easily, for e... |
I am trying to fit a model which is similar to the
fm2orth.lm<-lme(distance~age,data=OrthoFem, random=~1|Subject)
and did
summary(fm2Orth.lm)
my output had these parts
Aic/BIC
Random Effects
Fixed Effects table
Correlation.
My question is I am interested in only the third output above and tried
fm2Orth.lm... |
I am running a simple OLS.
Dependent Variable: Population Change In A Congressional District After An Election
Independent Variable: Who won the election: Democrat, Republican, or, Independent (Categorical)
I've created dummies variables for the different categories and included two of them in two regression models:
... |
What language Stata ADO files are written in?
I am looking at svy.ado and curious on what language it is?
Is it something built by the Stata company?
|
I have a question about confidence intervals.
In general, are confidence intervals open or closed?
|
I have a set of independent experiments with different distributions and I'm trying to determine which has the highest mean payoff. I would like to treat this as a multi-arm bandit problem, but the setting is a bit unusual.
At each iteration I choose 2 of the experiments, each randomly produces a set of items, then a s... |
There's regression model where $Y = a + bX$ with $a = 1.6$ and $b=0.4$, which has a correlation coefficient of $r = 0.60302$.
If $X$ and $Y$ are then switched around and the equation becomes $X = c + dY$ where $c=0.4545$ and $d=0.9091$, it also has an $r$ value of $0.60302$.
I'm hoping someone can explain why $(d\times... |
I'm using an arcane free program off the internet called "stable.exe" trying to fit a stable distribution curve to a dataset, but I'm having trouble entering the dataset file into the program. When the program asks me to input the file, I enter "stable test 1", which is the name of the dataset (a notepad document cons... |
It is my understanding that we should not be allowing the same data set we are analyzing to drive/define what the prior distributions look like in a Bayesian analysis. Specifically, it is inappropriate to define prior distributions for a Bayesian analysis based on summary statistics from the same data set that you are ... |
I'm trying to estimate a correlation matrix from the 5 largest eigenvalues and associated eigenvectors of the sample correlation matrix. My problem is that the output from the following Matlab code results in much higher average correlation (0.8 v 0.4) for the financial data I'm looking at.
[V,D] = eig(InputCorr);
eigv... |
Given $n$ samples from a (continuous) distribution X, the obvious thing to do is sort them, and distribute them equally across $[0,1]$ by taking $(x_{(k)}, (k-1/2)/n)$ as estimates of particular points on the CDF, and doing some sort of interpolation between points, as necessary.
Is this the "right" way to make this e... |
I'm doing a meta-analysis of some studies that report results variously as odds ratios, hazards ratios or rate ratios (all with confidence intervals). Is there any way to combine these together/convert between them so that I can do a meta-analysis of all the studies?
|
Overview:
I want to test if "emotional numbing" is a significantly better predictor of "lower intimate relationship functioning" than "reexperiencing" or "hyperarousal"
It was suggested to me to use stepwise regression to analyze the data. However, one of my dissertation committee members suggested Hotelling's T.
My h... |
I plan to do a simulation study where I compare the performance of several robust correlation techniques with different distributions (skewed, with outliers, etc.). With robust, I mean the ideal case of being robust against a) skewed distributions, b) outliers, and c) heavy tails.
Along with the Pearson correlation as ... |
I switched from SAS to R. I was using "SAS Code for Some Advanced Experimental Designs" as a reference whenever I had data from experimental design studies. With advanced experimental designs I always have difficult to come up with right R code. Specifically I have a tough time with mixed effects analysis. I couldn't f... |
I'm trying to build a model to predict reservations up to 15 days in advance.
So, if I want to predict how many reservations there will be tomorrow, I use historical data of how many total reservations there were on two days prior since when using the model to forecast for tomorrow, today won't be finished... Does that... |
Wikipedia says that Blum Blum Shub is a pseudorandom generator whose ith value can be computed directly for a given seed. Wikipedia also says that this generator is too slow to be practical for simulation applications.
Is there any standard generator with the direct computation property that is fast enough for Monte C... |
Suppose I have two dependent categorical attributes A, B. I have a dataframe X that lists probabilities (or expected counts) for all combinations of all categories of A and B. Let's assume two categories in each attribute, the dataframe could then look like this:
X <- data.frame(A = c(1,1,2,2), B = 1:2, PROB = c(0.1,0.... |
I have two tables (matrix) of same dimensions, one contains correlation coefficients and other with p values. I want to combine them into one table. For example let's say I have correlation coefficient between variable A1 and A2 of 0.75 in table 1 and p value of 0.045 in table 2. Now in my combined table 3, I want to u... |
I have heard of this term
supossing I have a matrix like
$\begin{bmatrix}
1 & 12 & 13 & 14 \\
2 & 22 & 23 & 24 \\
3 & 32 & 33 & 34 \\
4 & 42 & 43 & 44\\
5 & 52 & 53& 54
\end{bmatrix}$
I count the number of rows $n$ wich is $5$
I compute the linear and quadratic sum like
linear: $\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_{i}$
\begi... |
I have $n$ error measures that can be positive or negative values. Negative values are more important for my experiment than positive values. Of course, taking the mean of the $n$ values doesn't make sense because the mean could be $0$ and that won't reflect in one number what is happening. What summary statistic can y... |
There are 13 subjects in this study, each subject was "repeatedly measured" right and left legs on five walking conditions. The variables of this data set is: ID, Y, Leg, Conditions.
The research questions are to find the difference between legs and conditions.
At beginning, I plan to use RM-ANOVA: $Y = \text{Leg} + \t... |
Simple (I hope) probability question I'd love it if someone could answer for me.
You flip a coin 13 times (two outcomes: heads or tails).
Before the coin tossing, I've written down the 'winning sequence', eg. a random sequence of 13 outcomes, heads or tails for each toss.
For example: Heads, Heads, Tails, Heads, Tails... |
I have data from an experiment where I applied two different treatments in identical initial conditions, producing an integer between 0 and 500 in each case as the outcome. I want to use a paired t-test to determine whether the effects produced by the two treatments are significantly different. The outcomes for each tr... |
I have a consistent data about a decision making problem where I need to decide whether I choose A or B to compete, the winner is the one with larger number per round. If I remove one point, A beats B each time. But the sample is so small that removing a data point makes the data much smaller.
The goal of this compet... |
Ok, let's try again. The context of the original question is given below, but perhaps it helps to focus on the statistical aspect to get an answer.
What I got is a number of measurements in unit t. Those measurements are done while varying a larger number of variables. The impact of these variables is unknown and needs... |
I need to evaluate a test (posterior predictive value) but the test results can change based on certain other independent factors. Let's say my test measures a biochemical value but depending on what room temperature the test is performed the value changes. How can I model this fact in my calculations without running a... |
Is it possible to plot the estimated log hazard ratio in R?
For example,
require(survival)
fit1 = coxph(Surv(futime, fustat) ~ rx, ovarian)
|
I often run regressions from a low-n dataset (~100 observations). Often the results are only significant with the inclusion of control variables. However, I often see journal articles where people (always with a massive number of observations) claim to have run their regression "with and without control variables".
Why... |
I was reading about unit root test, when I started to get slightly confused about the setting for the Null hypothesis vs Alternative hypothesis, and so I thought of asking the experts opinion.
In the augmented Dickey-Fuller test, the null hypothesis is that there IS a unit root. My confusion comes from the fact that I ... |
I have data that has eta squared values and partial eta squared values calculated as a measure of effect size for group mean differences.
What is the difference between eta squared and partial eta squared? Can they both be interpreted using the same Cohen's guidelines (1988 I think: 0.01 = small, 0.06 = medium, 0.13 =... |
I am trying to set up a zero-inflated poisson model in R and JAGS. I am new to JAGS and I need some guidance on how to do that.
I've been trying with the following where y[i] is the observed variable
model {
for (i in 1:I) {
y.null[i] <- 0
y.pois[i] ~ dpois(mu[i])
pro[i] <- ilogit(theta[i])
x[i] ~ db... |
I'm looking for bounds on the variance of the maximum of a set of random variables. In other words, I'm looking for closed-form formulas for $B$, such that
$$
\mbox{Var}(\max_i X_i) \leq B \enspace,
$$
where $X = \{ X_1, \ldots, X_M \}$ is a fixed set of $M$ random variables with finite means $\mu_1, \ldots, \mu_M$ and... |
Specifically, I'm looking for references (papers, books) which will rigorously show and explain the curse of dimensionality. This question arose after I began reading this white paper by Lafferty and Wasserman. In the third paragraph they mention a "well known" equation which implies that the best rate of convergence i... |
Possible Duplicate:
Kruskal-Wallis or Fligner test to check homogeneity of variances?
Is there a test to check if the residuls of a linear regression are constant?
Thanks
|
Give a short example to show that items in a strong association rule may actually be negatively correlated?
Thanks in advance!
|
What is the formula for variance of product of dependent variables?
In the case of independent variables the formula is simple:
$$ \operatorname{var}(XY) = E(X^2Y^2) - E(XY)^2 = \operatorname{var}(X) \operatorname{var}(Y) + \operatorname{var}(X)E(Y)^2 + \operatorname{var}(Y) E(X)^2 $$
But what is the formula for correl... |
Evan Miller's "How Not to Sort by Average Rating" proposes using the lower bound of a confidence interval to get a sensible aggregate "score" for rated items. However, it's working with a Bernoulli model: ratings are either thumbs up or thumbs down.
What's a reasonable confidence interval to use for a rating model whi... |
For linear regression, is an estimator of the variance of the dependent variable for a fixed x-value $SSE/(n-2)$?
|
Is "margin of error" the same as "standard error"?
A (simple) example to illustrate the difference would be great!
|
I have two datasets and want to know what analyses to perform and how to implement them (GraphPad Prism is preferable, but SPSS could also help).
Case 1: I have 3 treatment groups and 5 time-points. At every time-point I have a score from 1 to 10 from the same animal. I want to check the difference between 3 drugs at ... |
I have run a linear discriminant analysis for the simple 2 categorical group case using the MASS package lda() function in R. With priors fixed at 0.5 and unequal n for the response variable of each group, the output basically provides the group means and the LD1 (first linear discriminant coefficient) value. There is ... |
I recently read the following statistical 'sin' here:
Something I see a surprising amount in conference papers and even journals is making multiple comparisons (e.g. of bivariate correlations) and then reporting all the p<.05 results as "significant" (ignoring the rightness or wrongness of that for the moment).
Can som... |
I'd like to calculate effect sizes using data from a published study. The aggregate sample size is provided but not the sample size for each of the three experimental conditions.
Is there a way to determine the sample size for each condition if provided the mean and standard error for each outcome across conditions... |
I would like to estimate an ordinary least squares regression of the form
$$
y = X\beta + \varepsilon, \
$$
except that, instead of minimizing the sum of squared residuals,
$$
SSR(b)=(y-Xb)'(y-Xb)
$$
I want to minimize
$$
(y-Xb)'(y-Xb)+\lambda(b-\tilde{\beta})'(b-\tilde{\beta})
$$
where $\lambda$ is some constant... |
Suppose I have the conditional probabilities of $B$ given $A$ (both categorical): $$\Pr(B|A).$$ The probabilities are given as a contingency table.
Using these conditional probabilities, I can fudge a $B$ column into a dataset that has only an $A$ column. For each row in the dataset, I choose a value for $B$ at random ... |
I'm looking for the best combination of variables to result in a click to the next page of my website... For example the size and color of a submit button.
I have a system that currently tests each variable independently to find the best value for that variable.
I would like to take the next step to testing combination... |
I used SPSS 19's 2SLS procedure (which is very straightforward, with almost no optional specifications) to predict Y from X after X was predicted based on I, an instrumental variable. Then I tried to match those results by running 2 separate OLS regressions. First I obtained the predicted X values by regressing X on ... |
Following on from this question on reporting eta squared, I would like to report 95% CIs for my effect size point estimates (partial eta and eta squared values).
What statistics do I need to know and is there a straight forward formula for calculation?
|
What does it mean to say that "the variance is a biased estimator".
What does it mean to convert a biased estimate to an unbiased estimate through a simple formula. What does this conversion do exactly?
Also, What is the practical use of this conversion? Do you convert these scores when using certain kind of statisti... |
I have an odd problem which can be phrased in a general way, and a more specific way. I'm curious about the answers to both. Although, really, it's the k=0 case that I'm really interested in - deriving the answer with respect to some properties of the distribution of m.
These may be totally basic, so, apologies if th... |
I've been looking at mixed effects modelling using the lme4 package in R. I'm primarily using the lmer command so I'll pose my question through code that uses that syntax. I suppose a general easy question might be, is it OK to compare any two models constructed in lmer using likelihood ratios based on identical data... |
I'm writing a benchmark program in C# and Java as a first assignment for a CS class. We're supposed to write some kind of report about our methods and results from the benchmark, and I'd like to add a statistical component to mine.
I've got 15 run time samples from each language, and the mean and standard deviation fro... |
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