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quantumcomputing/1629_3abeac199875c936_262.txt | References Anscombe, G. Elizabeth M. 1971. Causality and Determination. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; rep. in [Sosa/Tooley 1993, 88–104]. Armstrong, David M. 1983. What is a Law of Nature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Auletta, Gennaro. 1992. Sémiotique et problématique corps-esprit chez Leibniz et le... |
quantumcomputing/41506_34b0ba78ddd01800_82.txt | On the other hand, there are also irreversible processes going on. The production of the image recording the outcome of a Stern-Gerlach experiment is a perfect example of this type of dynamics: The inelastic collision of a silver atom with the glass plate is as irreversible as it gets. The atom gets stuck to the plate,... |
quantumcomputing/22087_69ca229ec5299de3_1645.txt | After briefly describing my research interests, I’ll speak on two results that involve points moving around on surfaces. The first result shows how to “hear the shape of a billiard table.” A point bouncing around a polygon encodes a sequence of edges. We show how to recover geometric information about the table from th... |
quantumcomputing/34011_80ceca0747858829_110.txt | This experiment investigated the effects of different salts—sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl₂), and a calcium chloride (CaCl₂) blend—on the melting rates of ice by measuring the amount of water produced over time. The independent variables were the different types of salt applied and the dependent varia... |
quantumcomputing/38735_fabe5077e891c005_356.txt | For subgap energies E < Δ, the integral can be readily performed. This yields E + Δτx 1+ √ (βτz ∓ α) ψ(0) = 0. (9.191) Δ2 − E 2 Here, we have introduced the dimensionless measures α = πν0 JS and β = πν0 V of the exchange coupling and the potential scattering, respectively. ν0 denotes the normalphase density of stat... |
quantumcomputing/22087_69ca229ec5299de3_2506.txt | It is well known that all contact 3-manifolds can be obtained from the standard contact structure on the 3-sphere by contact surgery on a Legendrian link. Hence, an interesting and much studied question asks what properties (e.g. tightness, fillability, vanishing or non-vanishing of various Floer or symplectic homology... |
quantumcomputing/14816_8f631342375c1193_437.txt | The invasion of one fluid into another of higher viscosity is unstable in a quasi-two dimensional geometry. This viscous-fingering instability typically produces complex patterns that are characterized by repeated branching of the evolving structure. When one of the fluids is replaced by a complex fluid, the system sti... |
quantumcomputing/9339_a38937c5090409ef_91.txt | In this representation terms like A11 B denote p by q submatrices whose entries are proportional to B, with overall proportionality constant A11 . For example, the tensor product of the vectors (1, 2) and (2, 3) is the vector ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ 1×2 2 ⎢ 1×3 ⎥ ⎢ 3 ⎥ 1 2 ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⊗ =⎢ (2.51) ⎣ 2×2 ⎦=⎣ 4 ⎦ . 2 3 2×3 6 The tensor... |
quantumcomputing/8729_23e9aeec4fe3bb40_35.txt | Causal Inference in Machine Learning - Foundational Concepts -- Correlation vs. Causation --- Correlation: Statistical dependence between variables --- Causation: One variable directly influencing another --- Correlation does not imply causation due to confounding, selection bias, etc. -- Randomized Controlled Trials (... |
quantumcomputing/175_40094682244c3a83_127.txt | We provide the first global optimization landscape analysis of Neural Collapse -- an intriguing empirical phenomenon that arises in the last-layer classifiers and features of neural networks during the terminal phase of training. As recently reported by Papyan et al., this phenomenon implies that (i) the class means an... |
quantumcomputing/34011_a5801def072ec91c_335.txt | We earlier saw Fricker stress credibility deficit as the core case of epistemic injustice. Many commentators have stressed the need to recognize instances of credibility excess as leading to related types of epistemic injustice and harm (Davis 2016; Medina 2011). For example, Davis has argued that positive prejudicia... |
quantumcomputing/1629_3abeac199875c936_832.txt | 8.3.1 Physical (and Operational) Connection On the one hand, we have a physical connection. This is necessary since without a dynamical intercourse with the world, no new information could be acquired (and none would have been acquired at the start) (Sects. 6.2, 6.3, and 7.2.1). As I have said following Heisenberg’s po... |
quantumcomputing/29980_381d5d6dcc25ca8d_16.txt | This deliberate marketing BS is already affecting lots of real engineers day to day in other publicly traded companies that follow all those hype bandwagons (ie all of them). At my job we’re already dealing with all the LLM BS (we have to take surveys to show how enthusiastic we are about coding AI making our productiv... |
quantumcomputing/8337_03d7507a27b4708c_26.txt | The scaling property of the Fourier transform y ( ax ) ↔ (1/ a ) f ( p/a ) shows that if we scale the ψ wave function by the a factor (a > 1 corresponding to compression and a < 1 corresponding to the expansion of the wave function), then its Fourier transform ϕ is scaled by the 1/a factor. (See Figure 1.9.) Expansion ... |
quantumcomputing/20750_ad4744a1e1e1b7e8_37.txt | If you run the hypocrite classifier a few times, you may get a feeling for its performance. But let’s create a visualization of it. The following code runs the hypocrite classifier for different values of weight. The range of allowed weights is between −1 and 1. We divide this range into 40 (cnt\_steps) steps (line 4).... |
quantumcomputing/1629_62d962bdf1d2852a_72.txt | The implication works as well in all the toy models which were designed to mimic the experimental evidence, to wit, the Spekkens toy model, the circle model, and the sphere model. Therefore, we shall henceforth assume that the two definitions of maximal knowledge are equivalent, and we shall exclude exotic models like ... |
quantumcomputing/22087_69ca229ec5299de3_2422.txt | Morse theory analyzes the topology of a smooth manifold by studying the behavior of its real-valued functions. From this, one obtains a well-behaved homology theory which provides further information about the manifold and places constraints on the smooth functions it admits. This idea has proven to be useful in approa... |
quantumcomputing/13334_0b7d8e899415e298_53.txt | Ferroelectric capacitors (FeCap) and field effect transistors (FeFETs) have attracted attention as next-generation devices as they can serve as synaptic devices for neuromorphic implementation as well as multi-level memories and non-volatile transistors to achieve high integration. The elegant, fundamental physics of f... |
quantumcomputing/20750_e967d3fe272555df_0.txt | The purpose of these lecture notes is to provide readers, who have some mathematical background but little or no exposure to quantum mechanics and quantum computation, with enough material to begin reading the research literature in quantum computation and quantum information theory. This paper is a written version of ... |
quantumcomputing/1629_3abeac199875c936_812.txt | We say that a set collects linear independent vectors when no vector of the set can be written as a linear combination (sum) of other vectors of the set.40 Since any set of normal linearly independent vectors in the geometric (ordinary) vector space can be written as having a 1 in only one slot, linear independence can... |
quantumcomputing/14816_6b5eb0c4e42e043c_216.txt | So, the message of relativization is that any technique for solv- ing P versus NP, or most of the other great problems of complexity theory, is going to have to be sensitive to the presence of these oracles. This doesn't sound like such a big deal until you realize that almost every proof technique we have is not sensi... |
quantumcomputing/14994_2ed2d1df17fe28a3_309.txt | I think you were too quick to dismiss my answer in #14, and rereading your response it seems as if you misunderstood it, which must be my fault, but I’m not sure how the miscommunication happened. Let me back up. You raise two really interesting questions about quantum mechanics; there is a roll-your-sleeves-up, nuts-a... |
quantumcomputing/14472_2ed2d1df17fe28a3_62.txt | Sometimes, I think of this like mathematics: when you first posit an idea like “prime numbers” or “the mandelbrot set” or “fibonacci numbers” or “conway’s game of life”, whether you realize it or not, those systems may have immense amounts of emergent consequences and complexities (“there are infinitely many primes”, “... |
quantumcomputing/20712_73a38e5351f0bd0f_263.txt | 1. Azzopardi D, Wyatt JS, Cady EB et al. Prognosis of newborn infants with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury assessed by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy Pediatr Res 25:445-451, 1989. 2. Lorek A, Takei Y, Cady EB et al. Delayed ("secondary") cerebral energy failure after acute hypoxia-ischemia in the newborn pigl... |
quantumcomputing/22087_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_1913.txt | The short reproduction of the Projective Unified Field Theory of the author (including empiric predictions) will be presented during the subsequent time: Fundamental 5-dimensional physical laws within the projective space and projection of these basic laws onto space-time. Transition from this 4-dimensional complex of ... |
quantumcomputing/2fcdb329_8567.txt | An alternative strategy to apply the QA-based SVM to challenging EO datasets has been presented in Ref. . The idea is to replace the original dataset with a “core of a dataset” (or coreset), which is a small representative weighted subset of the original training set. This coreset technique has been applied to train a ... |
quantumcomputing/34011_a5801def072ec91c_2206.txt | Nishida says absolute negation (zettai hitei 絶対否定) is beyond the affirmative/negative itself, and so is a rejection of what it colloquially represents: true negation is thereby a negation of negation. This is not the double-negation of classical logic (whereby something being not not true is for that something to be tr... |
quantumcomputing/b039f2fc_1074.txt | Genetic algorithms, which mimic evolutionary processes to solve optimization problems, can be enhanced by using powerful semi-local search algorithms as mutation operators. Here, we introduce reverse quantum annealing, a class of quantum evolutions that can be used for performing families of quasi-local or quasi-nonloc... |
quantumcomputing/9339_98bc330e6ca89479_171.txt | We’ve looked at projective measurements as an example of the use of POVMs, but it wasn’t very exciting since we didn’t learn much that was new. The following more sophisticated example illustrates the use of the POVM formalism as a guide for our intuition in quantum computation and quantum information. Suppose Alice gi... |
quantumcomputing/16776_f877111281fc4c19_83.txt | We study the problem of finding a product state with optimal fidelity to an unknown *n*-qubit quantum state ρ, given copies of ρ. This is a basic instance of a fundamental question in quantum learning: is it possible to efficiently learn a simple approximation to an arbitrary state? We give an algorithm which finds a p... |
quantumcomputing/10115_80ceca0747858829_140.txt | No-regret learning algorithms are an important component of advances in solving large-scale games. These algorithms are commonly used to solve games such as Diplomacy, an AI benchmark with a large action space where agents compete to dominate a map of Europe. We introduce Multi-Stage Multiplicative-Weights Update (MS-M... |
quantumcomputing/32894_c65187f488c01dde_881.txt | Calibration is defined as the ratio of the average predicted click rate to the true click rate. The optimization of calibration is essential to many online advertising recommendation systems because it directly affects the downstream bids in ads auctions and the amount of money charged to advertisers. Despite its impor... |
quantumcomputing/9339_622391702acffd65_58.txt | ∣Iv⟩ = {A⟩, ∣B⟩, ∣C ⟩}; and ∣Ov⟩ = {A⟩, ∣AC ⊕ B⟩, ∣C ⟩}. Figure 7.4 shows a diagram of the 3 × 3 QAC and the circuit can also be realized by the decomposition of the quantum Toffoli gate. In the QAC, five basic quantum gates are used. Thus the quantum cost is 5. The output ∣Q〉 is the result of the ANDing of qubits ∣A〉 a... |
quantumcomputing/22087_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_1376.txt | The relativistic mechanics of contemporary physics does not have a defined unit of force. Its definition of force as F=d/dt(mv/√(1-v²/c²)) does not define a real standard unit of force. A Newtonian unit of force, e.g. the SI newton, may not be used in any of the relativistic formulas; it is a real unit of force only wi... |
quantumcomputing/17418_5a10099f90339dde_11.txt | Quantum Computer Science is a pedagogical introduction to the basic structure and procedures of the subject - a quantum-computational primer. It is not a historical survey of the development of the field. Many of these procedures are named after the people who first put them forth, but although I use their names, I do ... |
quantumcomputing/175_40094682244c3a83_732.txt | Transformers have attracted increasing interests in computer vision, but they still fall behind state-of-the-art convolutional networks. In this work, we show that while Transformers tend to have larger model capacity, their generalization can be worse than convolutional networks due to the lack of the right inductive ... |
quantumcomputing/38735_ff7da9bf12314062_203.txt | When p ¼ 0, S(ρ(0)) ¼ log (1) ¼ 0, similarly, When p ¼ 1, S(ρ(1)) ¼ log (1) ¼ 0 Von Neumann entropy is > 0, for the range 0 < p < 1. We can plot this as a graph for a system evolution in this time range for the circuit shown in Fig. 5.28. Type in the code in Listing 6.1 after the regular import sections and portions of... |
quantumcomputing/34011_a5801def072ec91c_1268.txt | For centuries after Isaac Newton created what is now called classical mechanics, time-reversal symmetry *T* had been considered by scientists to be an exact feature of the fundamental laws and to be a brute feature of nature. It was presumed to be a universal symmetry that would hold in all fundamental theories. Then i... |
quantumcomputing/9769_2ed2d1df17fe28a3_224.txt | Theology, to me at least, looks like a primitive / rudimentary form of a philosophical kind of thinking. Also, for that same reason, susceptible to more easily being irresponsible. This is an issue of the type of a body of thoughts (not necessarily knowledge, but just a body of thoughts). It is not an issue of practiti... |
quantumcomputing/13334_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_2048.txt | In this article we will introduce a cognitive architecture for creating a more human like and personable artificial intelligence. Recent works such as those by Marvin Minsky, Google DeepMind and cognitive models like AMBR, DUAL that aim to propose/discover an approach to commonsense AI have been promising, since they s... |
quantumcomputing/41dcaa76_120290.txt | For a simpler, but less customizable, out-of-the-box way to use the transpiler, use the qiskit.compiler.transpile function. This generates and runs one of the preset StagedPassManagers based on, among other options, an optimization_level flag that can be set to 0, 1, 2, or 3. Higher levels generate more optimized cir... |
quantumcomputing/22087_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_1163.txt | Haug [1] has recently introduced a new theory of unified quantum gravity coined “collision space-time.” From this new and deeper understanding of mass we can also understand how a grandfather pendulum clock can be used to measure the world shortest time interval, namely the Planck time [2, 3], indirectly. Such a clock ... |
quantumcomputing/3960_0678c516274774e4_32.txt | Wha? I don’t even… are you fucking kidding? Mark has a large amount of math background as should be pretty clear from reading his blog on a regular basis. The fact is that what you’ve done doesn’t include any substantial math and the math you do have is either ill-defined or just wrong. There are multiple professional ... |
quantumcomputing/8652_a05438e78c0d891b_15.txt | We present an improved method for quantum machine learning, using a modified Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) method. The LM method is a powerful hybrid reinforcement learning technique ideally suited to quantum machine learning as it only requires knowledge of the final measured output of the quantum computation, not intermed... |
quantumcomputing/3773_cdd61dafb85483f2_194.txt | IBM has been working to develop a quantum computer for over 35 years. It is also making significant progress, with several operational machines. In 2016, IBM launched a website called the IBM Q Experience that made a 5 qubit quantum computer publicly available over the Internet. Since this time, this has been joined b... |
quantumcomputing/22108_6f757863ac0255c5_170.txt | Elevation of potassium on extra-cellular space causes de-polarization of either terminals of the neuron for release of neuro transmitters or of neurons leading to discharge of action potential in the ionic sodium- chlorine, potassium- calcium system.Attention is transmission to maintain the excitation inhibition and gl... |
quantumcomputing/4628_98bc330e6ca89479_233.txt | 3.2.1 How to quantify computational resources Different models of computation lead to different resource requirements for computa¬ tion. Even something as simple as changing from a single-tape to a two-tape Turing machine may change the resources required to solve a given computational problem. For a computational task... |
quantumcomputing/922002cf_6689.txt | In 2002, Li and Zhuang (2002) proposed a genetic algorithm based on the quantum probability representation (GAQPR), where a novel crossover operator and mutation operator are designed. The crossover operator makes individuals contain the best evolutionary information by exchanging the current evolutionary target and up... |
quantumcomputing/22087_69ca229ec5299de3_1075.txt | We consider functions on finite abelian groups that are nonnegative and also sparse in the Fourier basis. We investigate conditions under which such functions admit sparse sum-of-certificates certificates of nonnegativity, i.e., certificates where the functions in the sum of squares decomposition have a small common sp... |
quantumcomputing/6436_723fd0fbfe5d7a11_121.txt | Quantum error correction codes protect quantum systems against environmental noise, enabling fault-tolerant quantum computing. Among various codes, color codes have received considerable attention for their geometric locality, high error thresholds, and transversal logical operators. A canonical example is the [[4,2,2]... |
quantumcomputing/2258_b393da4e2e72ed8a_35.txt | The circuit in Figure 2.16 consists of one qubit (labeled q) and one classical bit (labeled c). The qubit flows from left to right, encountering two gates (H and then a measuring device) along the way. For a more thorough explanation of the code in this step, see this chapter’s Creating a circuit section. After the dia... |
quantumcomputing/4625_578753610752009e_265.txt | where μ is the relative mass of the electron with respect to the nucleus, which is nearly equal to the electron mass. This leads to d 2 R 2 dR 2μ l(l + 1)2 kZe2 + + 2 E+ − R = 0. (16.23) r dr r dr2 2μr2 Since the energy is negative, E = − |E|. To work with this equation, we employ a trick we previously used in o... |
quantumcomputing/4628_add6c66665defb95_10.txt | The goal of the Biological Water Processor (BWP) is to remove 90% organic carbon and 75% ammonium from an exploration-based wastewater stream for four crew members. The innovative design saves on space, power and consumables as compared to the ISS Urine Processor Assembly (UPA) by utilizing microbes in a biofilm. The a... |
quantumcomputing/22087_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_1105.txt | Robust methods for finding the best rotation aligning two sets of corresponding vectors are formulated in the linear algebra framework, using tools like the SVD for polar decomposition or QR for finding eigenvectors. Those are well established numerical algorithms which on the other hand are iterative and computational... |
quantumcomputing/16776_f877111281fc4c19_87.txt | Our approach builds on the idea of using noisy measurements, but instead of focusing on gentleness in trace distance, we focus on the gentleness in shadows, i.e., we show that the noisy measurements do not significantly perturb the expected values. To work with this, we think of noisy measurements as measuring a noisy ... |
quantumcomputing/20712_2ed2d1df17fe28a3_188.txt | Consider a QM interpretation of the Monte Hall problem. When the first door opens, it appears the wave function for the door contents collapses, but only for the contestant, not the host, who knows what is behind all the doors already. If the host did not know what door the contestant picked he might open that one. If ... |
quantumcomputing/4625_ebeb95a89c78f21f_13.txt | Table 1.2 is not exhaustive; rather, it is a list of some of the most common properties regarding matrices. These properties are not generally particularly difficult to understand; however, there is an issue with why you would apply them. What do they mean? All too often, introductory linear algebra texts focus so inte... |
quantumcomputing/7f1ce8b7_10850.txt | During transversal CNOT operations, physical CNOT gates are applied between the corresponding data qubits of two logical qubits. These physical CNOT gates propagate errors between the data qubits in a deterministic way: X errors on the control qubit are copied to the target qubit and Z errors on the target qubit are co... |
quantumcomputing/13334_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_953.txt | Invisible decays of neutral hadrons are evaluated as ordinary-mirror particle oscillations using the newly developed mirror matter model. Assuming equivalence of the $CP$ violation and mirror symmetry breaking scales for neutral kaon oscillations, rather precise values of the mirror matter model parameters are predicte... |
quantumcomputing/20750_ad4744a1e1e1b7e8_108.txt | But we can’t tell the difference between the state when P and Q are true and the state when only P is true anymore. The reason is, both operations and and or, are imbalanced. And is false in three cases. Or is true in three cases. The other output bit of the transformation would need to tell the difference between the ... |
quantumcomputing/6436_184d3f0af3fe5585_15.txt | The situation with qubits today is somewhat like the old joke about a bad restaurant: “The food is terrible — and the portions are so small!” With qubits, the error rates are high and the coherence period is short. But despite these problems, quantum computers do deliver valuable and interesting results while up and ru... |
quantumcomputing/4625_578753610752009e_208.txt | To finish our derivation, we need two more ingredients. First, by comparing our results so far to Eq. 8.51, we recognize that the Hamiltonian of the open system Q must be H = h. This Hamiltonian may include both the internal dynamics of Q and correction terms due to the interaction of Q with its environment. The follow... |
quantumcomputing/22108_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_340.txt | The Infrared Astronomical Satellite has detected an excess of infrared radiation in der Umgebung von textit{Alpha CrB}. This suggests the presence of a large disc of dust and material around the star, prompting speculation of a planetary or proto-planetary system. Although the binary system is only 76.5 light years awa... |
quantumcomputing/13334_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_266.txt | Failure of LIGO physicists to provide a spacetime diagram showing the simultaneous laser paths and gravitational waves propagating through their interferometer is argued to be fatal to the whole enterprise.After establishing the cogency of this argument, the seemingly "unhackable" multi-messenger event GRB170817A is si... |
quantumcomputing/35c3ad68_9875.txt | Crouch, Trinon N (1958) The Berlin problem: Crisis in East-West relations Ray, Helen Houser (1958) Eugene O'Neill's expressionism Rigdon, Dorothy Allen (1958) History of El Paso High School to 1943 Rivera, Rowena (1958) The irradicable psychological handicap in the characters of Manuel Pombo Angulo Zillich, Emily Tessi... |
quantumcomputing/9904_7ae05d4adf606362_141.txt | 4. Connectedness of level sets A key step in the proofs of convexity by Atiyah [1] and Guillemin – Sternberg [3] is proving that the level sets of the moment map are connected. Atiyah and Pressley do not prove this en route to their convexity theorem. This motivated us to investigate whether it was in fact true in the ... |
quantumcomputing/4625_578753610752009e_261.txt | 3 H n x , ny , nz = N + (16.13) ω nx , ny , nz , 2 where N = nx +ny +nz . The degeneracies associated with the various energy levels – that is, the dimensions of the eigenspaces associated with each energy – can be worked out simply by enumerating the (nx , ny , nz ) combinations for each given N. For N = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... |
quantumcomputing/1629_62d962bdf1d2852a_198.txt | (c) Argue that discarding a constituent, say, B, corresponds mathematically to taking the partial trace over the associated degrees of freedom, trB , to wit, going from the composite state to the reduced state of the remaining constituent, ρA . (d) Show that it does not matter whether a measurement on A, confirming the... |
quantumcomputing/175_40094682244c3a83_315.txt | The vulnerability of Deep Neural Networks to adversarial attacks has spurred immense interest towards improving their robustness. However, present state-of-the-art adversarial defenses involve the use of 10-step adversaries during training, which renders them computationally infeasible for application to large-scale da... |
quantumcomputing/22087_b59e8b731151dc36_31.txt | Let us start with the former group of problems. First, the states of classical statistical mechanics are often interpreted as describing an ensemble of systems, whereas the states of quantum mechanics are interpreted as representing a single system. If this is correct, then the comparison of quantum mechanics states wi... |
quantumcomputing/13334_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_1777.txt | The present study is an investigation of stellar physics based on observables such as mass, luminosity, radius, and photosphere temperature. We collected a dataset of these characteristics for 360 stars, and diagramed the relationships between their characteristics and their type (white dwarf, red dwarf, main sequence ... |
quantumcomputing/32894_1a8f0330de3b41ea_669.txt | Causal inference has emerged as a promising approach to mitigate long-tail classification by handling the biases introduced by class imbalance. However, along with the change of advanced backbone models from Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to Visual Transformers (ViT), existing causal models may not achieve an exp... |
quantumcomputing/16776_e26caa74eb27f4da_306.txt | The use of deep neural networks in reinforcement learning (RL) often suffers from performance degradation as model size increases. While soft mixtures of experts (SoftMoEs) have recently shown promise in mitigating this issue for online RL, the reasons behind their effectiveness remain largely unknown. In this work we ... |
quantumcomputing/20750_b393da4e2e72ed8a_66.txt | Qubits don’t plan ahead In the 1999 movie Mystery Men, one character has the superpower of making himself invisible, but only when no one is looking. For most people, this raises the question, “What good is that superpower?” For me, it raises an entirely different question: “Since no one can witness this character disa... |
quantumcomputing/8652_beca850a8e44abec_26.txt | **Title:** Engineering Interactions Between Spins and Light with Molecular Qubits **Abstract:** Coherent coupling of spins and light can enable photon-mediated scaling and control in quantum technologies, as demonstrated in trapped atom, ion, and solid-state spin qubits. Molecular analogs of such systems hold promise a... |
quantumcomputing/8729_23e9aeec4fe3bb40_413.txt | Brain cells in a lab dish learn to play Pong — and offer a window onto intelligence This population of neurons was taught to play Pong by electrical stimulation reinforcement. The strategy was based on the Free Energy Principle, which states that brain cells want to be able to predict what's going on in their environme... |
quantumcomputing/32894_fc39bbe803b856a5_601.txt | As a countermeasure to linguistic steganography, linguistic steganalysis aims to distinguish between texts containing hidden secret messages (stego) and natural texts (cover). Current semi-supervised steganalysis approaches rely on a self-training mechanism. However, in linguistic steganalysis, pseudo-label errors prop... |
quantumcomputing/1875_42cbe70d8edc8184_11.txt | The notice of violation process and the TSA PreCheck® disqualification process are separate processes and are handled by different offices. Individuals with questions concerning their TSA PreCheck® status should contact us through X (Twitter @AskTSA), Facebook Messenger (), Apple Business Chat or by texting "Travel" to... |
quantumcomputing/9769_889bcb3d28cecf3a_257.txt | We present a scheme for linear optical quantum computing using time-bin-encoded qubits in a single spatial mode. We show methods for single-qubit operations and heralded controlled-phase (cphase) gates, providing a sufficient set of operations for universal quantum computing with the Knill-Laflamme-Milburn [Nature (Lon... |
quantumcomputing/21985_b745cf4a986576b6_32.txt | The development of coherent XUV radiation sources is leading to significant advancements in imaging and ultrafast studies. High harmonic generation (HHG) is one technique used to generate laser based coherent ultrashort XUV pulses but is relatively inefficient. This process is normally carried out in the beamwaist of a... |
quantumcomputing/4628_add6c66665defb95_135.txt | The Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) Group of the Flight Projects Directorate at the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, is responsible for designing and building the life support systems that will provide the crew of the International Space Station (ISS) a comfortable environment ... |
quantumcomputing/14816_16a55bc42dde3474_27.txt | This is an impressive paper and deserves to be in Nature but it is also (not uniquely or maliciously) leading with the message that I think the authors knew would garner the most ‘wow’ factor (that is how research writing works). You shouldn’t take that to mean that they are suggesting anything like ‘the visual cortex ... |
quantumcomputing/25808_2823ca7432943e2b_7.txt | Quantum mechanics is the science of the very small: the body of scientific principles that explains the behaviour of matter and its interactions with energy on the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. Classical physics explains matter and energy on a scale familiar to human experience, including the behaviour of ast... |
quantumcomputing/69c7022e_126257.txt | As for the experiment, pseudo-realistic circuits under various parameters are tested. For each parameter setting, we generate 50 circuits using the described procedures and test them on, respectively, 4X5, 5X5, 5X6, 6X6, 6X7, 7X7, 7X8 and 8X8 grid AGs. The results in Fig. 8 show that the improvement of ADAC compared to... |
quantumcomputing/22108_6f757863ac0255c5_45.txt | Permeability in hard realities and hard matter (in relativistic physics that observational symmetry stays the same for all observers that are moving with respect to one another within an inertial frame called Lorentz invariance) allowing fluid through its pores and super fluid condensates is ly related to super conduct... |
quantumcomputing/6186_ae4f8f91e13777ec_155.txt | Fig. 5.9 Experimental setup. A rubidium atom, cooled by laser radiation, falls under the influence of gravity at first through a (empty) resonator and then through an intense laser beam. The laser beam is below the axis of the resonator. The resonator consists of two mirrors at a distance of 1 mm. One of the mirrors ha... |
quantumcomputing/27984_889bcb3d28cecf3a_161.txt | As a fundamental primitive, Secure Multiparty Summation and Multiplication can be used to build complex secure protocols for other multiparty computations, specially, numerical computations. However, there is still lack of systematical and efficient quantum methods to compute Secure Multiparty Summation and Multiplicat... |
quantumcomputing/38735_1f45e44c53c79398_21.txt | To motivate the construction, it helps to remember everyone’s favorite models, the Ising model and the Toric code. When the temperature $latex T$ is zero, it’s easy to store a classical bit using the 1D Ising model; this is just a repetition code. Similarly, the 2D toric code can store quantum information at $latex T=0... |
quantumcomputing/32894_e9df209666001648_73.txt | To deal with this task, the literature focuses on three main classes of forecasting methods, namely engineering, statistical, and ML (Mat Daut et al., 2017). Engineering methods, typically utilised through software tools such as DOE-2, EnergyPlus, BLAST, and ESP-r, build on physical models that forecast consumption thr... |
quantumcomputing/13334_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_175.txt | The generation at the helm faces an unprecedented responsibility in the near future of artificial intelligence. The implications of setting up the founding rules that will regulate the operation of AI are heavy since after they’re set they last forever. Once this first AI is commenced, it can be such that no other subs... |
quantumcomputing/1226_3fc4c296cc68989d_407.txt | | Starting material | Specific surface area (m2 g−1) | Specific capacitance and notes | Ref. | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | a Although SSAs above 3000 m2 g−1 are higher than the SSA of ideal graphene, the measured SSA should be considered as an apparent or equivalent area, because the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller2344 method u... |
quantumcomputing/4628_f9ab73a74dab0c06_144.txt | As a consequence of environmental constraints, TM helices exhibit a narrower distribution of packing angles than found in soluble proteins, with a strong preference at around 20 (ref. 32). In fact, more than 60% of all TM-helix-packing angles fall in the range of 0 to 40. Part of this preference is due to the favour... |
quantumcomputing/10115_4138ecdb10326a58_38.txt | What I think is most salient about what Sabine is trying to say is that with a measurement there is some sort of nonlinearity that sets into the system. Classical nonlinear systems can exhibit chaotic dynamics. For a large measurement system with many quantum numbers or atoms, say a mole of them, the deBroglie waveleng... |
quantumcomputing/9769_b393da4e2e72ed8a_4.txt | This approach has some built-in limitations. If you hated math when you went to school and you never want to see a math problem ever again, this book might not be for you. On the flip side, you may have already studied linear algebra with its vector spaces and eigenvalues. If so, you’ll learn less from this book than y... |
quantumcomputing/23409be7_117234.txt | The science behind Majorana1 is rooted in the concept of Majorana zero modes, which are crucial for the development of topological qubits. These modes are expected to provide a more stable foundation for qubit implementation. |
quantumcomputing/14816_e6eb321e4e9c903b_283.txt | rather problematic, because important information concerning complex structure components gets lost. Although applying our continuous higher-dimensional space concept to computer programs remains a challenge. The founding fathers of quantum physics, Erwin Schrödinger and Louis de Broglie, had good imaginations for quan... |
quantumcomputing/22087_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_363.txt | This hypothesis will present a possible extension of Einstein's field equations cite{1}cite{2}cite{3}cite{4} which reduces to his field equation by contractions. Basic concepts such as the of the inertial system or the definition of a physical observer are discussed. The field equation predicts the existence of exactl... |
quantumcomputing/2be40ff8_3978.txt | The short term target should be related to the development and the increase in maturity of the previously listed key technology enablers, which may be then deployed for the realisation of ambitious goals in the mid/long term. During the development of the two application streams shown in Fig. 96, the demonstration of n... |
quantumcomputing/10115_16a55bc42dde3474_38.txt | Not trying to nitpick, but you seem a bit harsh on your students. I didn’t read through the whole test so my impression might be wrong here. I tend to make a lot of silly arithmetic mistakes, especially on problems that require a lot of calculation. If a student obviously understood how to work a problem, and set up th... |
quantumcomputing/3960_b57ad2f9f3f161df_30.txt | The fusion of one element into another only occurs at extremely high energies such as the fusion of hydrogen and helium in stars and in our Sun or a hydrogen bomb which releases large amounts of energy in the form of radiation alpha, beta, gamma, etc. Radioactive decay is based on half life’s where one unstable radioac... |
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