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quantumcomputing/33692_723fd0fbfe5d7a11_327.txt | ``` @article{9868772, author = {Peham, Tom and Burgholzer, Lukas and Wille, Robert}, title = {Equivalence Checking of Quantum Circuits with the ZX-Calculus}, year = {2022}, journal = {IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {1-1}, doi = {10.1109/JETCAS.20... |
quantumcomputing/2270_2ed2d1df17fe28a3_324.txt | Scott #642: It’s perhaps not so much Gödel as the axiom of choice if we work with a nondifferentiable wave theory as a model. That is, it’s perhaps CAs either all the way down or else far enough down that the limiting case is an effective model. Or, taking ourselves to be working with a chaotic dynamics, as Tim Palmer ... |
quantumcomputing/34011_a5801def072ec91c_1247.txt | One criticism of the theory is that it could easily be adjusted so it accounts for almost any observation, so it is unfalsifiable and unscientific. Princeton cosmologist Paul Steinhardt and Neil Turok of the Perimeter Institute are two of inflation’s noteworthy opponents, although Steinhardt once made important contrib... |
quantumcomputing/14816_e6eb321e4e9c903b_299.txt | interlocked cubes (Zimba & Penrose, 1993). In our “entanglement figure”, the apexes of these two irregular pyramids (E±) with dynamical edges from partitions of the pentagrid may be assigned to the spin up ↑/right and the spin down ↓/left, the other two measurements would then show 01, 10 (see Fig. 11). We assume that ... |
quantumcomputing/c454397f_123347.txt | 646 Natalie Klco, Alessandro Roggero, and Martin J Savage, Standard model physics and the digital quantum revolution: thoughts about the interface , Reports on Progress in Physics 85 6, 064301 (2022) . |
quantumcomputing/4625_578753610752009e_144.txt | The negative sign from the 2π rotation of the neutron spin induces a relative phase in the spatial superposition. In other words, there has been no observable net effect on the neutron spin, but there has been an observable effect on the location of the neutron. At the end of the interferometer, the detection probabili... |
quantumcomputing/25808_2823ca7432943e2b_91.txt | One of the most prevalent myths is that entangled particles allow for communication faster than the speed of light. However, this is not the case. While measuring one particle can instantly affect the state of the other, no information is actually transmitted between them. Entanglement cannot be used to send informatio... |
quantumcomputing/22108_808db5389f8f8e1e_106.txt | 9.1 Two-Qubit Quantum States ALICE: Hi, Cardy. In today’s lesson we are going to talk about systems of two qubits. For useful QCs we will need systems with at least two qubits. How do we describe the states of those systems? What happens when we make measurements on the individual qubit states? As we shall see, systems... |
quantumcomputing/594f8b49_119442.txt | qreg q,5; gate h, 0.7071067811865476,0.7071067811865476 , 0.7071067811865476,-0.7071067811865476 ;gate measure, 1,0 , 0,0.7071067811865476 0.7071067811865476i ;gate cx, 1,0,0,0 , 0,1,0,0 , 0,0,0,1 , 0,0,1,0 ; h q;h q;h q;h q;h q;cx q, q;measure q;measure q;measure q;measure q;measure q; |
quantumcomputing/9769_889bcb3d28cecf3a_339.txt | The outcomes of quantum mechanical measurements are inherently random. It is therefore necessary to develop stringent methods for quantifying the degree of statistical uncertainty about the results of quantum experiments. For the particularly relevant task of quantum state tomography, it has been shown that a significa... |
quantumcomputing/7b4c8b39_114777.txt | The immediate achievement of Sycamore's experiment is somewhat esoteric - random circuit sampling is not a useful application by itself. However, the significance lies in the demonstration of capability. It's a proof of concept that quantum computers, even with present-day imperfections, can outperform classical superc... |
quantumcomputing/32894_c244c61d974ad5a8_310.txt | Abstract-Maintaining hygiene in public restrooms is crucial, yet manual cleaning poses health risks and inefficiencies. This paper presents the design and development of a semi-automatic toilet cleaning robot aimed at improving sanitation while reducing human intervention. The system integrates a mobile chassis with tw... |
quantumcomputing/2a628e79_9375.txt | Correspondence to Hans J. Briegel or Thomas Müller . |
quantumcomputing/6436_184d3f0af3fe5585_49.txt | First, it’s important to understand that binary numbers use a place-based system, just like the decimal numbers we use every day. However, the places mean something different. In decimal numbers — numbers that use ten digits, 0 through 9 — every new place is an additional power of 10. In the decimal number 837.4, 8 r... |
quantumcomputing/175_40094682244c3a83_1708.txt | In this paper, we propose a novel lip-to-speech generative adversarial network, Visual Context Attentional GAN (VCA-GAN), which can jointly model local and global lip movements during speech synthesis. Specifically, the proposed VCA-GAN synthesizes the speech from local lip visual features by finding a mapping function... |
quantumcomputing/20712_178754fff311c8b6_104.txt | But he was, by and large, operating when the world was in shell-shock from the 1930s, which was the worst contraction in the English-speaking world in about 600 years. Wheat in Liverpool, I believe, got down to something like a 600-year low, adjusted for inflation. People were so shell-shocked for a long time thereafte... |
quantumcomputing/7d0dcb50_121375.txt | Using the generalized Fourier transform on finite (abelian) groups , there are actually two natural ways to define a quantum Fourier transform on an n -qubit quantum register . The QFT as defined above is equivalent to the DFT, which considers these n qubits as indexed by the cyclic group Z 2 n Z displaystyle math... |
quantumcomputing/24212_b745cf4a986576b6_127.txt | The advent of additive manufacturing techniques offers the ability and potential to (literally) reshape our manufactured- and built environment. However, key issues, including questions about robustness, impede the use of additive manufacturing at scale. In this talk, we present a high-performance code that extends top... |
quantumcomputing/6fc7cbd4_116132.txt | The Bloch sphere is a unit 2-sphere, with antipodal points corresponding to a pair of mutually orthogonal state vectors. The north and south poles of the Bloch sphere are typically chosen to correspond to the standard basis vectors 0 displaystyle 0 rangle and 1 displaystyle 1 rangle , respectively, wh... |
quantumcomputing/27984_889bcb3d28cecf3a_189.txt | The prospects of quantum computing have driven efforts to realize fully functional quantum processing units (QPUs). Recent success in developing proof-of-principle QPUs has prompted the question of how to integrate these emerging processors into modern high-performance computing (HPC) systems. We examine how QPUs can b... |
quantumcomputing/38735_fabe5077e891c005_142.txt | cases, the energy spectrum would look similar, exhibiting a bulk gap. Here we will show that the ES is able to distinguish between the trivial and the topological phases. For that purpose, we consider the case where we completely fill the lower band up to the Fermi energy F located in the system bulk gap. The quantum s... |
quantumcomputing/34793_e272bdff51b1eb10_206.txt | Large language models have demonstrated impressive value in performing as autonomous agents when equipped with external tools and API calls. Nonetheless, effectively harnessing their potential for executing complex tasks crucially relies on enhancements in their function-calling capabilities. This paper identifies a cr... |
quantumcomputing/16341_59dcc6457972c90d_50.txt | We present a hybrid classical-quantum approach to the binary classification of polymer structures. Two polymer classes visual (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) are defined based on the size of the polymer gaps. The hybrid approach combines one of the three methods, Gaussian Kernel Method, Quantum-Enhanced Random Kitchen Si... |
quantumcomputing/38735_ff7da9bf12314062_186.txt | Create a unitary matrix to generate GHZ state. Use the Walsh–Hadamard transform in a quantum circuit to generate random numbers. Verify whether the circuits shown in Fig. 5.43 are equivalent. What is the output of the quantum circuit shown in Fig. 5.44, assuming all qubits are initialized to the default state j0i? Calc... |
quantumcomputing/32894_e26caa74eb27f4da_16.txt | The advancement of large language models (LLMs) prompts the development of multi-modal agents, which are used as a controller to call external tools, providing a feasible way to solve practical tasks. In this paper, we propose a multi-modal agent tuning method that automatically generates multi-modal tool-usage data an... |
quantumcomputing/14994_cba8c028ccf9b6c3_18.txt | might have a near unlimited capacity, but since many synapses are affected by LTP, there appears to be a serious ceiling effect. Explanations such as, a large number of synapses are potentiated initially but only a few synapses remain permanently altered, still fail to account for the fact that we are able to process ne... |
quantumcomputing/175_40094682244c3a83_1108.txt | We introduce the GANformer2 model, an iterative object-oriented transformer, explored for the task of generative modeling. The network incorporates strong and explicit structural priors, to reflect the compositional nature of visual scenes, and synthesizes images through a sequential process. It operates in two stages:... |
quantumcomputing/22087_9f61e8bdec50f13b_173.txt | One of the fundamental goals of heavy-ion collision experiment is to map out the temperature $(T\_{f})$ and baryon chemical potential $(\mu\_{B}^f)$ of the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) phase diagram at which chemical freeze-out occurs - a point on the phase diagram when the chemical composition of the system is fixed. ... |
quantumcomputing/14816_184d3f0af3fe5585_97.txt | Cloning quantum states is a no-go no-no In 1970, James Park published an article in Foundations of Physics proving mathematically that it’s impossible to clone — that is, make an accurate copy of — a quantum state. This is part of a group of theorems called no-go theorems, which demonstrate that something (often someth... |
quantumcomputing/32894_e26caa74eb27f4da_165.txt | A recent line of work in mechanistic interpretability has focused on reverse-engineering the computation performed by neural networks trained on the binary operation of finite groups. We investigate the internals of one-hidden-layer neural networks trained on this task, revealing previously unidentified structure and p... |
quantumcomputing/175_40094682244c3a83_1655.txt | Graph Contrastive Learning (GCL) has emerged to learn generalizable representations from contrastive views. However, it is still in its infancy with two concerns: 1) changing the graph structure through data augmentation to generate contrastive views may mislead the message passing scheme, as such graph changing action... |
quantumcomputing/9769_2ed2d1df17fe28a3_126.txt | > Example 2: Relativity taught us that different observers can seem to have incompatible narratives about what is going on, but once you identify the right “true” underlying of a single reality they are all correct, so to speak. With quantum theory it seems hard to believe in such “singular agreeable realism” – witnes... |
quantumcomputing/17894_a8a638dc956ff973_184.txt | In order to have an ML model that can generalize well in large datasets and have efficient tranferability, Huang and Lilienfeld528 introduced the atom-in-molecule (amon) approach where fragments of such amons with increasing size act as training data to predict molecular quantum properties. Considering only two and thr... |
quantumcomputing/32894_72cabeb6d560b66c_33.txt | Software and Semiconductors are two fundamental technologies that have become woven into every aspect of our society, and it will be fair to say that “Software and Semiconductors have eaten the world”. More recently, advances in AI are starting to transform every aspect of our society as well. These are three tectonic ... |
quantumcomputing/3815_2a9ccf0d5030daa5_27.txt | | Term / Acronym | Definition | Relevance in Context | | --- | --- | --- | | **Fractal Token Warp Architecture (FTW)** | A framework that fuses fractal tokenisation of curvature (Seed Formula ℵ∞ = c^c), the NK3 Neutrino Rudder, GOLEM-AI and the GOLEM Chain to cross black-hole horizons without information loss or classi... |
quantumcomputing/09ef0326_119124.txt | The gate H 2 H H displaystyle H_ 2 H otimes H is the Hadamard gate ( H displaystyle H ) applied in parallel on 2 qubits. It can be written as: |
quantumcomputing/4628_f9ab73a74dab0c06_19.txt | Making embryonic stem cells turn into liver or pancreas cells should get easier with new methods for producing endoderm — the embryonic germ layer from which liver and pancreas are derived. Emmanuel Baetge’s group at CyThera in San Diego, California, showed that a culture rich in activin A encouraged human embryonic st... |
quantumcomputing/22108_c2c01ebb412339b8_67.txt | Hint: Consider the quantum operations such as switching and inverting qubelets listed in Basic Operations, on page 78. (In Quantum Circuit Synthesis, or Guess the Gate, on page 246, you’ll learn to design the quantum circuit that implements the quantum operations taking the quantum state on the left qubit to the one on... |
quantumcomputing/e2e90ce8_125085.txt | Cite as: Rotated surface code , The Error Correction Zoo (V. V. Albert P. Faist, eds.), 2024. https: errorcorrectionzoo.org c rotated_surfaceBibTeX: incollection eczoo_rotated_surface, title Rotated surface code , booktitle The Error Correction Zoo , year 2024 , editor Albert, Victor V. and Faist, Philippe , url... |
quantumcomputing/22087_69ca229ec5299de3_188.txt | In 1865, Sylvester posed the following problem: For a region R in the plane,let q(R) denote the probability that four points chosen at random from Rform a convex quadrilateral. What is the infimum q\* of q(R) taken over allregions R? The number q\* is known as Sylvester's Four Point Problem Constant(Sylvester's Constan... |
quantumcomputing/9073_a8a638dc956ff973_185.txt | By using a series of random forest models (a theoretical framework discussed in Section 3.2.5) trained at different threshold temperatures, Stanev et al.531 showed that the materials in the SuperCon database can be classified into two classes, above or below a critical temperature (Tc) of 10 K. The features required to... |
quantumcomputing/8b5f553c_126489.txt | The S gate applies a phase of i to the 1 state. It is equivalent to RZ for the angle π 2. Also S P(π 2). Referring to quantum mechanics, the S gate is a 90-degree rotation around the z-axis. It is also known as the phase gate or the Z90 gate. The S gate is related to the T gate by the relationship S T 2 |
quantumcomputing/14994_cba8c028ccf9b6c3_355.txt | 14.11 The Self Know yourself Socrates 14.11.1 The Self and the Mirror Measurement In two recent papers [3, 56], we considered a new kind of quantum measurement, performed by a (fictitious) internal observer placed inside a quantum computer on a quantum-space background. This measurement is reversible because it is achie... |
quantumcomputing/22087_d3b3bff6b46e90f8_407.txt | special effects of natural compounds have been described however there is insufficient understanding of the mechanism. Explaining and investigating the consequences in requisites of environmental aspects need a proper analytical technique, and different experimental protocols which are typically used for traditional agr... |
quantumcomputing/9904_7ae05d4adf606362_432.txt | Remark 8.4. There is a similar functor F τ on the category F Hnτ , whose objects are spaces with an n-cocycle τ valued in T, 1-morphisms are correspondences equipped with a homotopy between pulled-back cocycles, and so forth. This leads to the twisted TQFTs for oriented manifolds; we will not spell out its details here... |
quantumcomputing/4628_98bc330e6ca89479_748.txt | In a similar way, a potential approach to defining the amount of entanglement present in a pure state | if’) is to imagine that we are given a large number n of Bell states (|00) + 111 ))/v / 2, and are asked to produce as many (high-fidelity) copies of \if) as possible using local operations and classical communicatio... |
quantumcomputing/e82e7749_118576.txt | begin split left( begin array c 0 rangle langle 0 otimes I end array begin array c 1 rangle langle 1 otimes X end array right) left( begin array c frac 1 sqrt 2 ( 0 rangle 1 rangle) otimes 0 rangle end array right) frac 1 sqrt 2 left( begin array c 0 r... |
quantumcomputing/4625_578753610752009e_165.txt | However, it turns out that quantum cloning machines cannot exist. This is the well-known “no-cloning theorem” of quantum theory, first proved by William Wootters and Wojciech Zurek, and independently by Dennis Dieks, in 1982. The theorem is remarkable both for its simplicity and its fundamental importance. Even more ama... |
quantumcomputing/55a0d281_0079.txt | class qibo.gates.Align(q, delay=0, trainable=False)[source]# Aligns proceeding qubit operations and (optionally) waits delay amount of time. Note For this gate, the trainable parameter is by default set to False. Parameters: q (int) – The qubit ID. delay (int, optional) – The time (in ns) for which to delay circuit exe... |
quantumcomputing/21985_287971b0e2e2e18d_261.txt | ``` Micheal Arockiaraj and Joseph Jency and Shagufa Mushtaq and Arul Jeya Shalini and Krishnan Balasubramanian Covalent organic frameworks: topological characterizations, spectral patterns and graph entropies . . . . . . . . . . . . 1633--1664 Alejandro Morales-Bayuelo A possible way to quantify the philicity usin... |
quantumcomputing/18150_d248c03bea5f280d_7.txt | | * v * t * e Quantum information science | | | --- | --- | | General | * DiVincenzo's criteria * NISQ era * Quantum computing + timeline * Quantum information * Quantum programming * Quantum simulation * Qubit + physical vs. logical * Quantum processors + cloud-based | | Theorems | * Bell's * Eastin–Knill * Gle... |
quantumcomputing/38735_4268de2ba98204ef_306.txt | We propose a possible modification to the tensionless string model with contact interactions. The proposed model aims to reproduce an expectation value of the non-Abelian Wilson loop in the Yang-Mills theory when integrating out string degrees of freedom with a fixed worldsheet boundary. Lie algebra-valued fields whose... |
quantumcomputing/a8300d3b_117276.txt | The quantum computing landscape is rapidly evolving, with Microsoft s Majorana1 and PSI Quantum representing two distinct approaches to achieving quantum supremacy. As we delve into the specifics of these technologies, it becomes clear that their differences are not just in their underlying architecture but also in the... |
quantumcomputing/14816_baea7bc0d09df8ad_366.txt | The Kabbalah of Information, Shyfrin says, holds that God created only information, nothing else, as the building blocks of all reality. Thus, there is no fundamental difference between material and spiritual. Creation is an information space (“infospace”), composed of concepts of different complexity and dimensionalit... |
quantumcomputing/10115_f987ec9455323c9d_279.txt | > I made this game to teach my daughter how buffer overflows work. Looking at programs as something you can play with, and poke and twist and make it do something else, is my favourite part of modern computing. I think its the right way to look at programs. When your microwave oven gets an update and starts crashing, y... |
quantumcomputing/24212_723fd0fbfe5d7a11_6.txt | Quantum computing is an emerging computational paradigm with the potential to outperform classical computers in solving a variety of problems. To achieve this, quantum programs are typically represented as quantum circuits, which must be optimized and adapted for target hardware through quantum circuit compilation. We ... |
quantumcomputing/22087_723fd0fbfe5d7a11_408.txt | There are various gate sets used for describing quantum computation. A particularly popular one consists of Clifford gates and arbitrary single-qubit phase gates. Computations in this gate set can be elegantly described by the ZX-calculus, a graphical language for a class of string diagrams describing linear maps betwe... |
quantumcomputing/22087_f9c7df515afb09b7_20.txt | ``` Giovanni P. Galdi and Salvatore Rionero Introductory topics on stability of viscous flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1--13 Giovanni P. Galdi and Salvatore Rionero Energy methods in unbounded domains: The case of a half space . . . . . . . . . . 14--35 Giovanni P. Galdi and Salvatore Rionero Energy methods in ... |
quantumcomputing/22087_d3b3bff6b46e90f8_167.txt | chromatography column. The solution is sprayed out via a narrow nozzle located at the end of this positively charged column and is introduced inside a mass spectrometer. The charge on the sample droplets leads to the fragmentation till the single ions exist. The peptides are then broken down and the charge to mass rati... |
quantumcomputing/16785_7b9ea9ee432854f2_51.txt | **Abstract:** We propose a novel Reinforcement Learning (RL) method for optimizing quantum circuits using the graph-like representation of a ZX-diagram. The agent, trained using the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm, employs Graph Neural Networks to approximate the policy and value functions. We test our app... |
quantumcomputing/8729_23e9aeec4fe3bb40_411.txt | tryhardím víc healthy lifestyle, což se daří různě v různých obdobích, což je možnej kauzální faktor, ale pořád se mi např rozbíjí sleep schedule, protože včera v 6 ráno prostě potřebuju 2 hodiny si číst o tom jak fungují obvody v kvantových počítačích na fyzikální úrovni Josephson effect - Wikipedia Měl bych se někdy ... |
quantumcomputing/8337_60debbd4dd932995_12.txt | We report improvements in tensor network contraction techniques that resulted in lower estimated computational costs for simulated RCS (Supplementary Information section G). Figure 4c shows the time complexity or number of floating-point operations (FLOPs) (the number of real multiplications and additions) as a functio... |
quantumcomputing/22087_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_2954.txt | A massive star is defined to be one with mass greater than ~ 8-10M☉. Central to the on-going debate on how these objects [massive stars] come into being is the socalled Radiation Problem. For nearly forty years, it has been argued that the radiation field emanating from massive stars is high enough to cause a global re... |
quantumcomputing/09419bcd_3527.txt | The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is one of the most widely used symmetric block cipher cryptography algorithms. Simplified-AES (S-AES) retains the structural framework of AES, making it an ideal model for elucidating the mechanism of symmetric cryptography. In this paper, we investigate potential quantum attacks ... |
quantumcomputing/16785_8ecc1c53b3b42b31_10.txt | These results caught the interest of various researchers, including Peter Shor, who in 1994 sur¬ prised the world with his polynomial-time quantum algorithm for factoring integers. This result provided a solution to a well-studied problem of practical interest. A classical polynomial-time solution had long been sought,... |
quantumcomputing/18150_67376b44df69bab4_198.txt | * Added extensive input s in templates. (#419) * Templates integration tests are rewritten - now cover keyword/positional argument passing, interfaces and combinations of templates. (#409) (#419) * State vector preparation operations in the `default.qubit` plugin can now be applied to subsets of wires, and are restrict... |
quantumcomputing/8729_6b5eb0c4e42e043c_98.txt | Alright, so suppose we just assume NP-complete problems are hard on average. Even then, there's a further difficulty in using NP- complete problems to build a PRG. This is that breaking PRGs just doesn't seem to have the right "shape" to be NP-complete. What do I mean by that? Well, think about how we prove a problem B... |
quantumcomputing/13334_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_2241.txt | Eintein’s General Relativity does not explain recent enigmas of astrophysics such as dark energy or accelerating universe. A thorough examination of the Einstein Field Equations (EFE) highlights four inconsistencies. Solving these inconsistencies and bringing r the EFE to the Higgs mechanism fully explains the mass and... |
quantumcomputing/9339_98bc330e6ca89479_452.txt | what can happen is that nearby fluctuating electric and magnetic fields push on the ions, causing their motional state to randomly transition between energy eigenstates. Such noise sources are nearly inevitable, in a technical sense, since, for example, one cannot drive the confining electrodes from a perfect voltage s... |
quantumcomputing/b93d74d8_3942.txt | Chemical graphenes tend to form insoluble aggregates.662 A common strategy to solubilise conjugated systems is the lateral attachment of flexible side chains.956 This was very successful in solubilising small graphene molecules, while failing for graphenes with increasing size,956 because the inter-graphene attraction ... |
quantumcomputing/20750_71ee733494b829f7_10.txt | These states can be emulated using quantum computers (Audretsch, 2007; Ou, 2007; Scully & Zubairy, 1997). In this case, we reproduce the most common one, “Bell state 00”, defined by the Eq. (1). To achieve this, we will use two specific gates: the Hadamard gate (H), used to put a qubit in a superposition state, and the... |
quantumcomputing/2565_1902f72523e6b3c3_335.txt | • A series of very readable essays on Schrödinger’s cat, on the relationship between microphysics and macrophysics, and on the formation of the classical world can be found in [AM 96]. • We have studied only a very simplified model of environment-induced decoherence. One should be cautious in generalising the results: ... |
quantumcomputing/22108_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_771.txt | Extensive experimental tests of the Bell inequality have been conducted over time and the test results are viewed as a testimony to quantum mechanics. In considering the tie between quantum mechanics and statistical theory, this paper identifies the mistake in previous statistical explanation and uses an elegant stati... |
quantumcomputing/1875_2133873ef2897b08_83.txt | Parameters: : * **gate\_set** (*tuple*") *or* *set*") *or* *list*")) – set of `qibo.gates.Gate` and parameters to run GST on. For instance, `gate_set = [(gates.RX, [np.pi/3]), gates.Z, (gates.PRX, [np.pi/2, np.pi/3]), (gates.GPI, [np.pi/7]), gates.CNOT]`. * **nshots** (*int*")*,* *optional*) – number of shots used in... |
quantumcomputing/22108_6f757863ac0255c5_252.txt | Rationalists feel a taboo about accepting mental phenomenon for which it is said that there is no experimentally verifiable evidence. Mental phenomenon involves teleology. The term teleology comes from Greek teleos i.e. end and logy i.e reason. It is a function of the goal or end rather than causes. Consciousness, free... |
quantumcomputing/16776_e26caa74eb27f4da_138.txt | We discover a theoretical connection between explanation estimation and distribution compression that significantly improves the approximation of feature attributions, importance, and effects. While the exact computation of various machine learning explanations requires numerous model inferences and becomes impractical... |
quantumcomputing/9769_2ed2d1df17fe28a3_256.txt | I find it interesting to note that all digital computers are the (trivial?) illustration of the fact that a very classical and stable reality can be built on top of QM. E.g. the hundreds of thousands of instances of a certain model of Lenovo Laptop running the same program give the same macroscopic output even though m... |
quantumcomputing/27984_723fd0fbfe5d7a11_155.txt | Quantum error correction is necessary for large-scale quantum computing. A promising quantum error correcting code is the surface code. For this code, fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) can be performed via lattice surgery, i.e., splitting and merging patches of code. Given the frequent use of certain lattice-surg... |
quantumcomputing/d011379d_119156.txt | The Hadamard transform acts on a register ψ displaystyle psi rangle with n displaystyle n qubits such that ψ i 0 n 1 ψ i textstyle psi rangle bigotimes _ i 0 n-1 psi _ i rangle as follows: |
quantumcomputing/0d9659d9_2178.txt | A single-gate set of universal quantum gates can also be formulated using the parametrized three-qubit Deutsch gate D ( θ ) {\displaystyle D(\theta )} , named after physicist David Deutsch. It is a general case of CC-U, or controlled-controlled-unitary gate, and is defined as | a , b , c ⟩ ↦ { i cos ( θ ) | a , b , c... |
quantumcomputing/10115_f987ec9455323c9d_34.txt | > Pijul is a free and open source (GPL2) **distributed version control system**. Its distinctive feature is to be based on a **theory of patches**, while still being fast and scalable. This makes it easy to learn and use, without any compromise on power or features. > > ### Why? > > #### Commutation > > In Pijul, indep... |
quantumcomputing/26329_25f85de7845ae824_8.txt | adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book's Creative ... |
quantumcomputing/14994_cdd61dafb85483f2_150.txt | A distinguishing feature of superconducting quantum circuits is the usage of a Josephson junction – an electrical element non existent in normal conductors. A junction is a weak connection between two leads of a superconducting wire, usually implemented as a thin layer of insulator with a shadow evaporation technique. ... |
quantumcomputing/17418_c2c01ebb412339b8_9.txt | Although .qasm looks like assembly language, you’ll learn quantum computing concepts by dragging and dropping quantum devices on a graphical interface. This visual form of your program translates into .qasm code. You can also upload the source code in this book, which then produces the visual representation. Once you u... |
quantumcomputing/27984_a6019ccf7080d97d_278.txt | Perturbation is a method of applying controlled disturbances to the cortex to assess its dynamics and stability. By measuring the response to perturbation, such as changes in brain activity or behaviour, we can infer the level of cortical excitability and its modulation by various factors. This study focused on using t... |
quantumcomputing/9339_a38937c5090409ef_477.txt | what happens when a photon scatters randomly as it travels through a waveguide, or how electronic states in an atom are perturbed upon interacting with distant electrical charges. The energy eigenstates of a quantum system do not change as a function of time, but do accumulate a phase which is proportional to the eigen... |
quantumcomputing/22087_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_468.txt | This paper suggests new elementary particles, a specification for dark matter, and modeling regarding dark-energy phenomena. Thereby, this paper explains data that other modeling seems not to explain. Suggestions include some methods for interrelating properties of objects, some catalogs of properties, a method for cat... |
quantumcomputing/fdab873a_11162.txt | Since the Hamiltonian is a sum of commuting projectors with eigenvalues ± 1 {\displaystyle \pm 1} , the ground state is the state | ψ G S ⟩ {\displaystyle |\psi _{GS}\rangle } that is a +1 eigenstate of every single star and plaquette operator: A s | ψ G S ⟩ = + 1 | ψ G S ⟩ ∀ s {\displaystyle A_{s}|\psi _{GS}\rangle =+... |
quantumcomputing/175_40094682244c3a83_2229.txt | Recent advances in deep generative models have led to impressive results in a variety of application domains. Motivated by the possibility that deep learning models might memorize part of the input data, there have been increased efforts to understand how memorization arises. In this work, we extend a recently proposed... |
quantumcomputing/3ecc8cf3_117166.txt | 204 Xianzhi Huang, Lili Niu, Jie Chen, Lichao Li, Kashif Hayat, and Weiping Liu, Quantum and classical computational synergy for emerging contaminants management: Advanced insights into cytochrome P450 metabolic mechanisms , Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology 54 24, 1827 (2024) . |
quantumcomputing/92de81a0_14722.txt | an X error on the top left qubit and the qubit beneath it would be undetectable That error would be detected by the flipping of the four body Z stabilizer adjacent to the lower qubit you operated on: If you or I got X and Z mixed up, then the error is undetectable, but it corresponds to a topologically trivial cycle fr... |
quantumcomputing/ad71ba02_6032.txt | Return a list of operation start times. This attribute computes the estimate starting time of the operations in the scheduled circuit and only works for simple circuits that have no control flow or other classical feed-forward operations. This attribute is enabled once one of scheduling analysis passes runs on the quan... |
quantumcomputing/32894_fc39bbe803b856a5_273.txt | Computerized Adaptive Testing is a widely used technology for evaluating examinees' proficiency in online education platforms. By leveraging prior estimates of proficiency to select questions and updating the estimates iteratively based on responses, it enables personalized examinee modeling and has attracted substanti... |
quantumcomputing/5147_2ed2d1df17fe28a3_47.txt | And then I’ll this recollection. I was very fortunate to catch a lecture by Vaughan Jones before his untimely passing in 2020 … from an ear infection of all things … speaking of mortality. At the end of his talk, he graciously offered that he would hang around afterward for a bit and entertain any questions anyone mig... |
quantumcomputing/bc635d9e_125171.txt | pauli_to_index(p𝑝pitalic_p) and index_to_pauli(i𝑖iitalic_i): Encode a Pauli I,X,Y,Z 𝐼𝑋𝑌𝑍 I,X,Y,Z italic_I , italic_X , italic_Y , italic_Z as an integer 0,1,2,3 0123 0,1,2,3 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 and vice versa. |
quantumcomputing/1226_3fc4c296cc68989d_69.txt | The newly found/produced 2d crystals must be subjected to the same exhaustive studies as graphene. Their structure must be tested using TEM and grazing incidence XRD. Some of these techniques require improvements to get molecular-scale information. Of particular interest would be the development of tools sensible to li... |
quantumcomputing/13334_44b7365178791961_273.txt | Late summer going into the autumn of 2023 presented a great time to pick up SSD bargains, since manufacturers had flooded the market with far too much stock (following an oversupply of NAND units). The unnamed source believes that it could take two to three months for early 2024 NAND shortages to cause large ripple eff... |
quantumcomputing/1226_4503ad1eb65e514b_96.txt | ")]. As \(e^+ e^-\) colliders such as BaBar provide a clean environment, it has a great sensitivity to long-lived neutral particles such as \(\chi \_2\) in the i2DM model (see the right panel of Fig. 43 for characteristic lifetimes considered here). Hence, the missing energy search is able to constrain the kinetic mixi... |
quantumcomputing/32894_1996e1986c60b184_251.txt | With the advent of big data across multiple high-impact applications, we are often facing the challenge of complex heterogeneity. The newly collected data usually consist of multiple modalities and are characterized with multiple labels, thus exhibiting the co-existence of multiple types of heterogeneity. Although stat... |
quantumcomputing/3815_a8a638dc956ff973_128.txt | 3. This example is different in spirit than the previous ones as it demonstrates how the quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN)215 which is discussed in detail in Section 3.3.2 can lead to efficient parameter reduction compared to other methods of quantum phase classification. The power of a quantum classifier ove... |
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