parchiev/ingush_proverbs

Ingush Proverbs with Russian Translations

393 Ingush folk proverbs and sayings (ГӀалгӀай кицаш, ISO 639-3 inh), each with a Russian translation and, where the source gives one, a Russian explanation of its meaning.

Proverbs are dense in idiom, metaphor and cultural knowledge, so they make a hard test for translation and language models. This small set is best used as an evaluation set for idiomatic translation or for few-shot prompting, not as training data on its own.

Ingush is a Nakh language of the North Caucasus that UNESCO classifies as vulnerable. This dataset is part of an effort to build open, clean Ingush resources for language technology and preservation.

from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("parchiev/ingush_proverbs", split="train")

Languages and orthography

• Ingush, Cyrillic script. The original page wrote the letter palochka as Latin I or l. v2 uses the standard invariant Ӏ (U+04C0) everywhere (гIа → гӀа). Note: str.lower() turns Ӏ into ӏ (U+04CF).
• Russian: translations as given by the source, with obvious typos fixed and each fix logged.

Dataset structure

{
  "id": 97,
  "group_id": 97,
  "dah00_ref": 499,
  "inh": "Дийнахьа бага а сеге де зоахалол.",
  "ru": "Сватайся днем при зажженном факеле.",
  "ru_note": "т. е. жену ищи предельно обдуманно",
  "flags": [
    "has_ru_note"
  ],
  "source": "https://rus4all.ru/inh/20230801/57106/Ingushskaya-narodnaya-mudrost.html"
}

field	type	description
id	int	proverb number in the source list (1–393)
group_id	int	proverbs that are variants of the same saying share a group_id (15 rows in 6 groups). Split by group_id to avoid leakage
dah00_ref	int?	number of the same proverb in Дахкильгов (2000), Мудрые наставления наших предков (347 rows matched; empty if not found)
inh	string	Ingush proverb, normalized
ru	string	Russian translation, normalized
ru_note	string?	Russian explanation of the meaning, e.g. "т. е. …" (7 rows)
inh_raw, ru_raw	string	the text as published in v1
source_text	string	the raw scraped line (number + Ingush + Russian)
edits	string (JSON)	log of every change: side, offset, from, to, rule
flags	list[string]	near_duplicate, has_ru_note
source	string	source URL

Source data

«Ингушская народная мудрость», rus4all.ru (Ingush section), 2023-08-01. 347 of these proverbs also appear, with different Russian translations, in И. А. Дахкильгов, Мудрые наставления наших предков. Из ингушского фольклора (Нальчик: Эль-Фа, 2000). Their number in that book is given in dah00_ref.

Processing (v2)

• Palochka look-alikes and Latin letters mixed into Cyrillic words were fixed (). For example, Iaca → Ӏаса and ypaгlъeгla → урагӀъегӀа.
• Removed a soft hyphen, stray spaces and inconsistent quotation marks.
• Restored the explanations of meaning that v1 had dropped from the Russian column, into ru_note.
• Fixed 9 obvious Russian typos (e.g. «мужи не летают» → «мухи не летают»). Ingush text was not hand-edited.
• Grouped near-duplicate variants with group_id instead of deleting them.
• Added dah00_ref, the book number in Дахкильгов (2000), by fuzzy matching of the Ingush text (similarity ≥ 85).

Known limitations

• Single source, single translator's interpretation. Russian translations are sometimes free or explanatory.
• Some Ingush spellings may be non-standard. They were left as published.
• Small size (393 rows).

Rights and licensing

Copyright in the proverb collection and its translations remains with the original compilers and publisher. This dataset is shared for non-commercial research, education and Ingush language preservation. It is not an open-content license. Rights holders can request removal by opening a discussion on this repository. The earlier license: mit tag was removed.

Citation

@misc{parchiev_ingush_proverbs_2026,
  title        = {Ingush Proverbs with Russian Translations (v2)},
  author       = {Parchiev, Rauf},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/parchiev/ingush_proverbs}},
  note         = {Source: rus4all.ru, Ingush folk wisdom (2023)}
}

Changelog

• v2 (2026-09): normalized orthography, restored notes, typo fixes, group_id, English card. Columns renamed: Ghalghai (Ingush) → inh, Russian → ru, and id is now an integer. v1 remains available at revision 07f805930e91b8eb8f19b89ec54f213d2f2ca7a1.
• v1 (2025-07): 393 rows, columns id, source_text, Ghalghai (Ingush), Russian.

Audit (v1 → v2):

check	v1	v2
rows with palochka look-alikes (I, 1, l, ӏ, І) in Ingush	241	0
rows with mixed Latin/Cyrillic words in Ingush	243	0
rows with soft hyphens / zero-width chars	1	0