README.md

---
license: other
task_categories:
- robotics
- visual-question-answering
- image-text-to-text
- video-text-to-text
language:
  - en
tags:
- spatial-reasoning
- safety
- embodied-ai
- contextual-reasoning
---

# Contextual & Spatial Reasoning Benchmark for VLMs

A real-world benchmark dataset for evaluating the **contextual and spatial reasoning** capabilities of Vision Language Models (VLMs). The dataset features a baby placed in various **dangerous and safe situations**, captured from a mobile robot's perspective across three modalities: standalone frames, multi-frame sequences, and full videos.

Scenarios involve hazardous objects (scissors, knife, battery) and risky postures (falling from table or couch, unsupervised grabbing), as well as control safe situations. A subset of sequences is designed as **needle-in-a-haystack** tests, where the hazard and the baby appear far apart temporally, probing long-context recall and cross-frame reasoning.

---

## Directory Structure

```
Contextual-Reasoning-HF/
│
├── scenario-frames/          # 24 standalone JPG images (single-frame scenarios)
│
└── scenario-sequences/       # 15 video sequences, each in its own folder
    └── GX01XXXX/
        ├── GX01XXXX.MP4      # Original GoPro video
        ├── GX01XXXX.json     # Metadata + description
        └── frame_XXXX.png    # Extracted frames at 1 fps
```

---

## Scenario Frames (`scenario-frames/`)

Single-image snapshots covering a range of safe and dangerous situations.

| File | Description |
|------|-------------|
| `GOPR0281_grab_battery.JPG` | Baby reaching for / grabbing a battery |
| `GOPR0282_grab_battery_2.JPG` | Baby reaching for / grabbing a battery (angle 2) |
| `GOPR0283_grab_battery_3.JPG` | Baby reaching for / grabbing a battery (angle 3) |
| `GOPR0284_grab_scissors.JPG` | Baby grabbing scissors |
| `GOPR0285_grab_ball.JPG` | Baby grabbing a ball (safe object) |
| `GOPR0286_table_fall.JPG` | Baby at risk of falling from a table |
| `GOPR0287_table_fall_2.JPG` | Baby at risk of falling from a table (angle 2) |
| `GOPR0288_baby_safe.JPG` | Baby in a clearly safe situation |
| `GOPR0289_baby_unsafe.JPG` | Baby in a clearly unsafe situation |
| `GOPR0295_sit_safe.JPG` | Baby sitting safely in stroller |
| `GOPR0296_sit_scissors.JPG` | Baby sitting near scissors |
| `GOPR0297_sit_scissors_2.JPG` | Baby sitting near scissors (angle 2) |
| `GOPR0298_sit_scissors_3.JPG` | Baby sitting near scissors (angle 3) |
| `GOPR0299_sit_ball.JPG` | Baby sitting near a ball (safe object) |
| `GOPR0300_sit_battery.JPG` | Baby sitting near a battery |
| `GOPR0301_sit_battery_2.JPG` | Baby sitting near a battery (angle 2) |
| `GOPR0302_couch_fall.JPG` | Baby at risk of falling from a couch |
| `GOPR0303_couch_fall_2.JPG` | Baby at risk of falling from a couch (angle 2) |
| `GOPR0304_couch_fall_3.JPG` | Baby at risk of falling from a couch (angle 3) |
| `GOPR0305_couch_knife.JPG` | Baby on couch near a knife |
| `GOPR0306_couch_knife_2.JPG` | Baby on couch near a knife (angle 2) |
| `GOPR0307_couch_knife_3.JPG` | Baby on couch near a knife (angle 3) |
| `GOPR0308_couch_knife_4.JPG` | Baby on couch near a knife (angle 4) |
| `GOPR0309_couch_knife_5.JPG` | Baby on couch near a knife (angle 5) |

### Example Images

| `GOPR0282_grab_battery_2` | `GOPR0288_baby_safe` | `GOPR0302_couch_fall` |
|:---:|:---:|:---:|
| ![grab_battery_2](scenario-frames/GOPR0282_grab_battery_2.JPG) | ![baby_safe](scenario-frames/GOPR0288_baby_safe.JPG) | ![couch_fall](scenario-frames/GOPR0302_couch_fall.JPG) |

---

## Scenario Sequences (`scenario-sequences/`)

Each sequence is a video clip recorded at ~43 Mbps from a GoPro camera mounted on a mobile robot, with frames extracted at 1 fps. Each folder includes a `.json` file with metadata and a human-written description.

### Direct Hazard Scenarios

Baby and hazardous object are visible in close proximity throughout the sequence.

| Sequence | Duration | Frames | Description |
|----------|----------|--------|-------------|
| `GX010274` | 23 s | 23 | Baby sits in a stroller next to a table with scissors and a small black ball. |
| `GX010275` | 19 s | 19 | Baby sits in a stroller next to a table with scissors and a small black ball. |
| `GX010276` | 16 s | 16 | Baby sits in stroller next to table with scissors and ball; robot does not stop to look at the baby. |
| `GX010277` | 11 s | 11 | Baby sits in stroller next to table with scissors and ball; robot moves in a circular motion. |
| `GX010278` | 16 s | 16 | Baby is trying to climb from the stroller to a table with scissors and a small black ball. |
| `GX010279` | 18 s | 18 | Baby is trying to climb from the stroller to a table with scissors and a small black ball. |
| `GX010280` | 19 s | 19 | Baby is trying to climb from the stroller to a table with a battery on it. |
| `GX010310` | 31 s | 31 | Robot sees a baby on a couch crawling towards a knife. |

### Needle-in-a-Haystack Scenarios

Long sequences where the hazardous object and the baby appear far apart in time, testing long-context cross-frame reasoning.

| Sequence | Duration | Frames | Description |
|----------|----------|--------|-------------|
| `GX010290` | 113 s | 113 | Robot sees a battery on the floor; later sees a baby. |
| `GX010291` | 59 s | 59 | Robot sees a battery on the floor; later sees a baby. |
| `GX010292` | 56 s | 56 | Robot sees a baby on the floor; later sees a battery. |
| `GX010293` | 58 s | 58 | Robot sees scissors on the floor; later sees a baby. |
| `GX010294` | 75 s | 75 | Robot sees a baby on the floor; later sees scissors. |
| `GX010311` | 63 s | 63 | Robot sees a baby crawling on a couch; later sees a knife on the same couch. |
| `GX010312` | 50 s | 50 | Robot sees a small black object on a couch; later sees a baby on the same couch. |

---

## Metadata Format

Each sequence folder contains a `.json` file with the following structure:

```json
{
  "sequence_id": "GX010274",
  "creation_time": "2026-07-03T16:37:47.000000Z",
  "duration_seconds": 23.056,
  "size_bytes": 121277688,
  "bit_rate_bps": 42080415,
  "firmware": "H21.01.01.62.70",
  "frames_extracted": 23,
  "description": "..."
}
```

---

## Intended Use

This dataset is intended for:
- Benchmarking **contextual reasoning** (does the model understand the danger given the full scene?)
- Benchmarking **spatial reasoning** (does the model understand relative positions of baby and hazard?)
- Benchmarking **temporal/long-context reasoning** in multi-frame or video settings (needle-in-a-haystack)
- Evaluating proactive safety alerting in **robot perception pipelines**

---

## Keywords Bank

[
    #choking
    "coin", "battery", "small_toy", "marble", "button",
    # electrical
    "outlet", "cord", "wire",
    # sharp
    "knife", "scissors", "glass", "blade",
    # suffocation
    "plastic_bag", "loose_blanket", "pillow_in_crib",
    # fall
    "stairs", "elevated_surface", "unguarded_height",
    # burn
    "stove", "hot_liquid", "candle", "iron", "sunlight",
    # poison
    "cleaning_product", "medication", "toxic_plant", "alcohol",
    # water
    "pool", "bathtub", "bucket",
    # strangulation
    "blind_cord", "strap", "necklace", "dangerous_appliance"
]

---

## Labeling Prompt

Analyze this image for infant/baby safety hazards.
Return ONLY valid JSON, no other text:
{{"reasoning": "...", "safe": 0 or 1, "hazard_keywords": [list]}}

Rules:
- reasoning: ONE or TWO short sentences. Name the specific hazard(s)
  and why they endanger a baby. If safe, briefly state why nothing
  poses a risk. No preamble, no hedging.
- Use keywords ONLY from this list: [{VOCAB_STR}]
- safe = 1 only if NO hazard from the list is present
- safe = 0 if any hazard is present
- hazard_keywords is [] when safe = 1
- reasoning must be consistent with safe and hazard_keywords

---

## Labeling Scripts

https://github.com/igobyjack/contextual-reasoning-labeling

---

## Label Example

{"idx": 0, "safe": 0, "hazard_keywords": ["elevated_surface"], "reasoning": "The baby doll is sitting on a tall chair, creating an elevated fall risk for a real infant. No other listed hazards are clearly visible nearby."}

---

## License

All Rights Reserved. No part of this dataset may be reproduced, distributed, or used without prior written permission from the author.