Datasets:

tarudesu
/

viLens-concepts

concept_id stringlengths 12 12	split stringclasses 3 values	vi stringlengths 1 29	en stringlengths 2 25	zh stringlengths 1 6	fr stringlengths 2 32	id stringlengths 2 32	ru stringlengths 0 32	vi_alts stringlengths 2 62	vi_nodiac stringlengths 1 29	collapsed stringclasses 2 values	pos stringclasses 3 values	en_sense_gloss stringlengths 3 195	stratum stringclasses 4 values	sigA stringclasses 4 values	sigB stringclasses 2 values	sigB_strict stringclasses 2 values	sigB_relaxed stringclasses 2 values	sino_via stringclasses 9 values	native_strict stringclasses 2 values	reading_source stringclasses 4 values	n_sources stringclasses 3 values	in_vi_gloss stringclasses 2 values	in_wikidata stringclasses 2 values	external_attested stringclasses 2 values	bt_route stringclasses 4 values	bt_pass_strict_v1 stringclasses 2 values	zh_nllb_agree stringclasses 2 values	fr_nllb_agree stringclasses 2 values	id_nllb_agree stringclasses 2 values	ru_nllb_agree stringclasses 3 values	min_surface_dist stringclasses 55 values	n_senses_vi stringclasses 2 values	zipf_vi stringclasses 272 values	zipf_en stringclasses 339 values	zipf_zh stringlengths 1 4	zipf_fr stringclasses 345 values	zipf_id stringclasses 293 values	n_syllables stringclasses 6 values	n_chars_vi stringclasses 25 values	n_chars_en stringclasses 23 values	n_chars_zh stringclasses 6 values	n_chars_fr stringclasses 28 values	n_chars_id stringclasses 26 values	concreteness_match stringclasses 3 values	ntok_gemma_vi stringclasses 6 values	ntok_gemma_en stringclasses 6 values	ntok_gemma_zh stringclasses 5 values	ntok_gemma_fr stringclasses 7 values	ntok_gemma_id stringclasses 7 values	ntok_qwen_vi stringclasses 7 values	ntok_qwen_en stringclasses 5 values	ntok_qwen_zh stringclasses 6 values	ntok_qwen_fr stringclasses 9 values	ntok_qwen_id stringclasses 10 values	ntok_llama_vi stringclasses 7 values	ntok_llama_en stringclasses 5 values	ntok_llama_zh stringclasses 7 values	ntok_llama_fr stringclasses 9 values	ntok_llama_id stringclasses 10 values	single_token_vi_gemma stringclasses 2 values	single_token_vi_qwen stringclasses 2 values	single_token_vi_llama stringclasses 2 values	m1_eligible_gemma stringclasses 3 values	m1_eligible_qwen stringclasses 3 values	m1_eligible_llama stringclasses 3 values	m1_extension stringclasses 2 values	cloze_available stringclasses 2 values	fewshot_set stringclasses 7 values
002882477614	test	thiên niên kỷ	millennium	千年	millénaire	milenium	тысячелетие	[]	thien nien ky	false	noun	thousand-year period	ambiguous	conflict	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["template"]	false		2	false	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.727272727273	1	5.05	3.7	4.26	3.66	3.39	3	13	10	2	10	8	exact	3	1	2	3	2	3	1	3	3	3	3	1	2	3	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0043e6e50b1c	directions	dịch vị	gastric acid	胃酸	acide gastrique	asam lambung	желудочный сок	[]	dich vi	false	noun	acidic secretion of the stomach	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["calque"]	false		2	false	true	true	none	false	true	true	true	false	0.727272727273	1	5.68	3.27	2.82	3.04	4.22	2	7	12	2	15	12	head	2	2	3	3	3	2	2	4	4	4	2	2	3	4	4	false	false	false				false	false
00746668c378	test	sỏi thận	kidney stone	肾结石	calcul rénal	batu ginjal	камень в почках	[]	soi than	false	noun	calculus in the kidney	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		2	true	false	false	strict	true	false	false	true	true	0.8	1	3.97	3.96	2.22	2.64	4.27	2	8	12	3	12	11	exact	3	2	4	3	3	3	2	4	3	4	4	2	4	3	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
008752ec9ded	test	đất	soil	土壤	sol	tanah	почва	[]	dat	true	noun	mixture of sand and organic material	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	sino	[]	true		4	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.8	2	5.91	4.42	4.38	5	5.54	1	3	4	2	3	5	exact	1	1	2	1	1	1	1	3	1	2	1	1	3	1	2	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
009973cca9bf	test	tù nhân	prisoner	囚犯	prisonnier	tahanan	заключённый	[]	tu nhan	true	noun	person incarcerated in a prison	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.571428571429	1	5.07	4.2	4.19	4.15	4.58	2	7	8	2	10	7	exact	2	1	3	2	2	2	1	3	2	3	3	1	3	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
00c768a2a3a4	directions	phá hoại	vandalism	蓄意破坏	vandalisme	sifat suka merusak	вандализм	[]	pha hoai	false	noun	needless damage or destruction of property	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	2	false	true	true	fwd_only	false	false	true	false	true	0.666666666667	1	4.54	3.33	2.72	3.35	4.68	2	8	9	4	10	18	exact	3	1	4	3	4	3	1	5	2	8	3	1	6	2	8	false	false	false				false	false
00cea385a34c	test	máy bay tiêm kích	fighter plane	战斗机	avion de chasse	pesawat tempur	истребитель	[]	may bay tiem kich	false	noun	military aircraft	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	fwd_only	false	true	true	true	true	0.785714285714	1	4.65	4.17	4.28	4.45	4.34	4	17	13	3	15	14	head	5	2	3	3	3	5	2	4	5	5	5	2	4	5	5	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
00ec49e2b3c1	test	âm nhạc học	musicology	音乐学	musicologie	musikologi	музыковедение	[]	am nhac hoc	false	noun	study of music	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	wiktionary_char	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	false	true	false	0.8	1	5.32	2.24	4.06	2.54	0	3	11	10	3	11	10	exact	3	2	3	2	2	3	2	4	2	3	3	2	3	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
010ee502f308	test	thực tế	reality	现实	réalité	realitas	реальность	["thực tại","hiện thực"]	thuc te	false	noun	state of being actual or real	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	wiktionary_char	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.714285714286	1	5.9	4.89	5.09	5.04	4.2	2	7	7	2	7	8	exact	2	1	2	1	2	2	1	4	1	2	2	1	2	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
011e3ec152c3	test	số nguyên tố	prime number	素数	nombre premier	bilangan prima	простое число	[]	so nguyen to	false	noun	natural number	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["calque"]	false		3	true	true	true	fwd_only	false	true	true	true	false	0.846153846154	1	5.27	4.75	3.04	5.28	3.89	3	12	12	2	14	14	head	3	2	2	2	2	3	2	4	2	3	3	2	3	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
011e8128b170	test	thợ may	tailor	裁缝	tailleur	penjahit	портной	[]	tho may	true	noun	person who makes, repairs, or alters clothing as profession	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	fwd_only	false	false	true	true	false	0.833333333333	1	4.76	3.61	3.46	3.58	3.59	2	7	6	2	8	8	exact	3	1	3	2	3	3	1	4	2	3	3	1	4	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0120555bbd48	test	khó khăn	hard	艰难	dur	sulit	тяжёлый	[]	kho khan	true	adj	demanding a lot of effort to endure	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		2	true	false	false	strict	true	false	true	true	true	0.714285714286	1	5.1	5.53	4.44	4.95	5.56	2	8	4	2	3	5	exact	2	1	2	1	1	2	1	4	1	2	2	1	3	1	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
012995ed04f2	test	địa chất học	geology	地质学	géologie	geologi	геология	[]	dia chat hoc	false	noun	the study of the Earth	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	1	1	5.58	3.76	3.29	3.52	3.85	3	12	7	3	8	7	exact	3	1	3	2	2	3	2	4	2	2	3	2	3	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0145c3e6676a	test	dầu hỏa	kerosene	火油	kérosène	kerosin	керосин	["dầu lửa"]	dau hoa	false	noun	thin, colorless fuel	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		2	false	true	true	strict	true	false	true	false	true	1	1	4.77	3.02	3.29	2.99	0	2	7	8	2	8	7	exact	3	1	2	3	3	3	3	4	3	3	4	3	2	3	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0183f970afa9	test	gừng	ginger	姜	gingembre	jahe	имбирь	[]	gung	false	noun	spice	ambiguous	nonsino	sino	sino	sino	[]	true	unihan	4	true	true	true	strict	true	false	true	true	true	0.5	1	4.14	3.93	3.93	3.2	3.89	1	4	6	1	9	4	exact	2	1	2	2	2	2	1	3	2	2	2	1	2	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
01aeb93994f4	test	trần	ceiling	天花板	plafond	langit-langit	потолок	[]	tran	true	noun	upper limit of room	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		2	true	false	false	rt_contain	false	false	true	true	true	0.666666666667	1	5.58	4.18	3.64	4.22	4.74	1	4	7	3	7	13	exact	2	1	3	1	4	1	1	4	3	4	2	1	3	3	4	false	true	false	false	true	false	false	false
01cacbc8d23a	test	hiểu	understand	了解	comprendre	mengerti	понимать	[]	hieu	true	verb	to grasp the meaning of	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["template"]	false		3	true	false	true	rt_contain	false	true	true	true	true	0.875	1	5.82	5.37	5.44	5.14	5.31	1	4	10	2	10	8	exact	1	1	2	1	2	1	1	2	2	2	1	1	2	2	2	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false
01de8cf36697	test	năng lượng	energy	能量	énergie	energi	энергия	[]	nang luong	false	noun	physics	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	wiktionary_char	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.888888888889	1	5.69	5.23	4.73	4.99	5.13	2	10	6	2	7	6	exact	2	1	2	1	1	2	1	3	2	2	2	1	2	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
021bd9030e1e	test	nhà thổ	brothel	妓院	bordel	rumah pelacuran	бордель	["nhà chứa"]	nha tho	true	noun	house of prostitution	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["calque"]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	false	true	0.714285714286	1	5.09	3.26	3.68	4.65	3.54	2	7	7	2	6	15	exact	2	2	3	2	4	2	2	4	1	5	2	2	3	1	5	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
028f2d96a2c0	fewshot_reservoir	mỹ thuật	fine arts	美术	beaux-arts	seni murni	изобразительное искусство	[]	my thuat	false	noun	purely aesthetic arts	ambiguous	conflict	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["japanese_kango","template"]	false		2	false	true	true	strict	true	true	true	false	true	0.777777777778	1	5.65	4.59	4.49	4.45	4.54	2	8	9	2	10	10	exact	2	2	2	3	3	2	2	4	4	5	2	2	2	4	4	false	false	false				false	false	3
02cf8bfa582d	test	đầm lầy	swamp	沼泽	marécage	rawa	болото	[]	dam lay	false	noun	type of wetland	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.666666666667	1	4.03	3.84	3.94	2.83	4.21	2	7	5	2	8	4	exact	4	1	3	3	2	4	1	4	3	2	4	1	3	3	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
02f9279d6e35	test	miếng	crumb	渣	miette	remahan	крошка	[]	mieng	true	noun	small piece of biscuit, cake, etc	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	true		2	true	false	false	fwd_only	false	false	false	false	false	0.5	1	4.82	2.97	3.75	3.01	0	1	5	5	1	6	7	exact	1	1	2	2	3	3	2	2	3	2	3	2	2	3	2	true	false	false	true	false	false	false	true
03271bf44ebf	test	xe tay ga	scooter	机车	scooter	skuter	скутер	[]	xe tay ga	false	noun	type of motorcycle or moped with a step-through frame — see also motor scooter	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	false	true	true	true	1	1	4.92	3.57	4.07	3.72	3.49	3	9	7	2	7	6	exact	3	1	2	1	2	4	1	3	1	2	3	1	3	1	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0329437e181e	test	sợi	fibre	纤维	fibre	serat	волокно	[]	soi	true	noun	single elongated piece of material	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	true		2	false	false	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.8	1	4.72	3.67	4.11	4.06	4.35	1	3	5	2	5	5	none	1	1	2	1	1	2	1	4	1	2	2	1	3	1	2	true	false	false	true	false	false	false	false
0345b92e037b	test	nhà thơ	poet	诗人	poète	penyair	поэт	["thi sĩ"]	nha tho	true	noun	person who writes poems	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.833333333333	1	5.39	4.21	4.67	4.36	3.96	2	7	4	2	5	7	exact	2	1	2	2	2	2	1	2	2	2	3	1	3	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
036549281aa6	test	nhà khách	guesthouse	宾馆	pension	pesanggrahan	гостевой дом	[]	nha khach	false	noun	small house for visitors	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	false	false	true	0.833333333333	1	5.52	2.87	4.19	4.15	3.28	2	9	10	2	7	12	exact	2	2	3	1	4	2	2	3	1	4	2	2	3	1	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
03912027f074	test	đuổi	chase	追逐	poursuivre	mengejar	преследовать	["rượt"]	duoi	true	verb	to pursue, to follow at speed	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	false	true	fwd_only	false	true	false	true	false	0.8	2	4.98	4.44	3.96	4.46	4.7	1	4	5	2	10	8	exact	2	1	3	1	2	1	1	3	3	3	2	1	3	3	3	false	true	false	false	true	false	true	true
039851816871	test	lương tâm	conscience	良心	conscience	hati nurani	совесть	[]	luong tam	false	noun	moral sense	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.8	1	5.27	3.96	4.08	4.74	4.05	2	9	10	2	10	11	exact	2	1	2	1	3	2	1	4	1	4	2	1	2	1	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
03be33f1068e	fewshot_reservoir	ngoại ngữ	foreign language	外国语	langue étrangère	bahasa asing	иностранный язык	[]	ngoai ngu	false	noun	any language other than that spoken by the people of a specific place	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.727272727273	1	5.19	4.79	3.56	4.27	5.11	2	9	16	3	16	12	head	2	2	3	3	2	2	2	4	5	4	2	2	3	5	4	false	false	false				false	false	2
03ca058eefd7	test	cướp	rob	抢	voler	rampok	грабить	[]	cuop	false	verb	to steal from, using violence	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["chinese","template"]	false		3	true	false	true	strict	true	false	false	false	false	0.75	1	4.83	4.35	4.8	4.41	3.39	1	4	3	1	5	6	exact	3	1	2	1	2	3	1	2	2	2	3	1	2	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
03e3ef958b91	test	xích	chain	链条	chaîne	rantai	цепь	["dây xích"]	xich	true	noun	series of interconnected rings or links	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	sino	[]	false		4	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.833333333333	1	4.68	4.65	3.64	4.82	4.44	1	4	5	2	6	6	exact	2	1	3	1	2	2	1	4	3	2	2	1	3	3	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
03fbf58b1039	test	khoảng cách xã hội	social distance	社会距离	espace vital	pembatasan sosial		[]	khoang cach xa hoi	false	noun	distance between social groups	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	false	false		0.8	1	5.43	4.75	3.94	3.83	4.09	4	18	15	4	12	17	head	4	2	2	2	4	4	2	4	3	5	4	2	3	3	5	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
04679d68379f	test	ngữ pháp	grammar	语法	grammaire	tata bahasa	грамматика	["văn phạm"]	ngu phap	false	noun	rules for speaking and writing a language	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.857142857143	1	5.33	4.17	4.12	3.93	4.92	2	8	7	2	9	11	exact	2	1	2	2	2	2	1	2	3	4	2	1	3	3	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
04ab84336e12	test	điện báo	telegraph	电报	télégraphe	telegraf	телеграф	[]	dien bao	false	noun	chiefly historical: electrical device	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["japanese_kango","template"]	false	wiktionary_char	2	true	false	false	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.75	1	5.59	4	4.21	3.05	0	2	8	9	2	10	8	exact	2	1	2	3	2	2	2	3	4	2	2	2	2	4	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
05201e03cff9	test	dưa chuột	cucumber	黄瓜	concombre	mentimun	огурец	["dưa leo"]	dua chuot	false	noun	plant	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	rt_contain	false	true	true	true	true	0.875	1	4.12	3.41	3.64	3.2	3.48	2	9	8	2	9	8	exact	3	1	2	2	3	4	1	3	3	3	4	1	2	3	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
055dcbe8ed13	test	sắc thái	nuance	小差异	nuance	nuansa	нюанс	[]	sac thai	false	noun	minor distinction	sino	sino	sino	nonsino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	2	true	false	false	fwd_only	false	false	true	true	true	0.714285714286	1	5.4	3.09	3.74	3.78	3.99	2	8	6	3	6	6	exact	2	1	2	1	2	2	2	3	2	2	2	2	3	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
06123ad61a1a	test	hậu quả	consequence	后果	conséquence	akibat	следствие	[]	hau qua	false	noun	that which follows something on which it depends	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	2	true	false	false	strict	true	true	true	true	false	0.818181818182	1	5.36	4.07	4.66	4.55	5.25	2	7	11	2	11	6	exact	2	1	2	1	1	2	1	3	3	3	2	1	2	3	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
061c17982a96	fewshot_reservoir	thứ tư	fourth	第四	quatrième	keempat	четвёртый	[]	thu tu	true	adj	ordinal form of the number four — see also 4th	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.666666666667	1	5.75	4.83	4.66	4.68	4.72	2	6	6	2	9	7	exact	2	1	2	1	1	2	1	2	3	3	2	1	2	3	3	false	false	false				false	false	1
0629dd7ceb86	test	hợp âm	chord	弦	accord	akor	аккорд	[]	hop am	false	noun	combination of three or more notes	sino	sino	sino	nonsino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	rt_contain	false	false	true	false	true	0.8	1	5.6	3.65	3.98	5.41	0	2	6	5	1	6	4	exact	2	1	2	1	2	2	1	2	1	2	2	1	2	1	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
064aee24ecad	test	đông bắc	northeast	东北	nord-est	timur laut	северо-восток	[]	dong bac	true	noun	compass point	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	wiktionary_char	2	false	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.777777777778	1	5.45	4.06	4.93	5.29	5.08	2	8	9	2	8	10	exact	2	1	2	3	3	3	1	2	3	3	2	1	2	3	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
065302e863a1	test	chiến dịch	campaign	活动	campagne	kampanye	кампания	[]	chien dich	false	noun	series of operations undertaken to achieve a set goal	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	2	true	false	false	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.777777777778	1	5.61	5	5.86	5.09	4.83	2	10	8	2	8	8	exact	2	1	1	1	2	2	1	4	2	3	2	1	2	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
0670288fe128	test	định nghĩa	definition	定义	définition	definisi	определение	[]	dinh nghia	false	noun	statement of the meaning of a word or word group or a sign or symbol	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.666666666667	1	5.66	4.58	4.81	4.62	4.55	2	10	10	2	10	8	exact	2	1	1	1	1	2	1	3	2	2	2	1	2	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
068c38253846	test	thử nghiệm	trial	试验	essai	percobaan	опыт	[]	thu nghiem	false	noun	chance to test something out	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["chinese","template"]	false		2	true	false	false	strict	true	true	false	true	false	0.777777777778	1	5.15	4.87	4.76	4.56	4.58	2	10	5	2	5	9	exact	2	1	2	1	1	2	1	2	2	3	2	1	3	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
06a67e13fef9	test	ấu trùng	larva	幼虫	larve	jentik	личинка	[]	au trung	false	noun	an animal in such stage of growth — see also tadpole	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	false	true	0.857142857143	1	4.12	2.99	3.48	3.25	0	2	8	5	2	5	6	exact	3	1	3	2	3	3	2	3	2	3	3	2	3	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
073392b0bbf1	test	phương pháp	method	方法	méthode	metode	метод	["phương thức"]	phuong phap	false	noun	process by which a task is completed	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.875	1	5.76	4.8	5.47	4.72	5.07	2	11	6	2	7	6	exact	2	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	2	2	1	1	1	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
074543fbb07b	test	nắng	sunny	晴朗	ensoleillé	cerah	солнечный	[]	nang	true	adj	weather, day	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	true		3	true	false	true	rt_contain	false	false	true	true	true	0.8	1	4.54	4.07	3.44	3.31	4.68	1	4	5	2	10	5	exact	1	1	3	3	2	1	1	4	3	2	1	1	2	4	2	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false
079067e491f6	test	nhà máy điện	power station	发电厂	centrale électrique	pembangkit listrik	электростанция	[]	nha may dien	false	noun	an industrial complex where electricity is produced	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.833333333333	1	5.59	4.89	4.08	4.41	4.09	3	12	13	3	19	18	exact	3	2	3	2	3	3	2	2	3	5	3	2	3	4	5	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
079bc2c7cd62	test	phát sóng	broadcast	广播	émission	siaran	трансляция	[]	phat song	false	noun	transmission of a radio or television programme	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		2	true	false	false	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.75	1	5.19	4.39	4.87	4.83	4.62	2	9	9	2	8	6	exact	2	1	2	2	2	2	1	3	2	2	2	1	2	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
07b4d3cfba68	test	tụy	pancreas	胰腺	pancréas	pankreas	поджелудочная железа	["lá mía"]	tuy	true	noun	gland near the stomach	ambiguous	conflict	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["chinese","template"]	false		3	false	true	true	fwd_only	false	true	true	true	true	1	1	3.93	3.14	1.53	3.25	3.42	1	3	8	2	8	8	exact	2	1	3	3	2	2	2	4	3	3	2	2	4	3	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
07c76c709fbb	test	kích thước	size	尺寸	taille	ukuran	размер	[]	kich thuoc	false	noun	dimensions or magnitude of a thing	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.888888888889	1	4.96	5.13	4.33	4.9	5	2	10	4	2	6	6	exact	2	1	2	1	1	2	1	3	1	2	2	1	3	1	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
084518431cdb	test	vật chất	matter	物质	matière	materi	материя	[]	vat chat	false	noun	basic structural component of the universe	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.714285714286	1	5.59	5.38	4.97	5	4.83	2	8	6	2	7	6	exact	2	1	2	1	1	2	1	3	1	2	2	1	2	2	1	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
0847d2080221	test	trì hoãn	procrastination	拖延	procrastination	penundaan	отсрочка	[]	tri hoan	false	noun	act of postponing, delaying or putting off	sino	sino	sino	nonsino	sino	["template"]	false	wiktionary_char	2	false	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.769230769231	1	4.37	2.96	3.99	2.74	3.89	2	8	15	2	15	9	exact	3	1	3	1	3	3	2	4	2	3	3	2	3	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
0853265ae9ca	test	võng mạc	retina	视网膜	rétine	retina	сетчатка	["màng lưới"]	vong mac	false	noun	thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["template"]	false		3	true	true	true	rt_contain	false	true	true	true	true	0.857142857143	1	3.85	3.4	3.3	3.09	3.6	2	8	6	3	6	6	exact	4	1	4	2	1	4	1	4	3	1	4	1	4	3	1	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
08566ea34d83	test	triệu phú	millionaire	百万富翁	millionnaire	jutawan	миллионер	[]	trieu phu	false	noun	somebody whose wealth is greater than one million	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["template"]	false		3	true	true	true	rt_contain	false	true	true	true	true	0.909090909091	1	5.21	3.73	3.53	3.5	3.59	2	9	11	4	12	7	exact	2	1	4	2	2	2	1	5	2	3	3	1	5	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0887f8b18ed1	test	khoảnh khắc	moment	瞬间	moment	saat	момент	["giây lát","chốc lát","chốc"]	khoanh khac	false	noun	very brief period of time	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	2	true	false	false	fwd_only	false	false	true	true	true	0.8	1	4.44	5.24	4.37	5.66	6.41	2	11	6	2	6	4	exact	3	1	2	1	1	3	1	4	1	1	3	1	4	1	1	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
08a26cae2ebd	directions	kì giông	salamander	蝾螈	salamandre	salamander	саламандра	["cá cóc"]	ki giong	false	noun	amphibian	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		2	true	false	false	none	false	false	true	true	true	0.9	1	3.72	2.76	0.21	2.73	0	2	8	10	2	10	10	exact	3	2	5	2	2	3	3	4	3	3	3	3	5	3	3	false	false	false				false	false
08b77ad62c22	test	trí tuệ	intelligence	智力	intelligence	kecerdasan	ум	["trí năng"]	tri tue	false	noun	capacity of mind	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	wiktionary_char	2	true	false	false	strict	true	false	true	true	false	0.75	1	4.52	4.7	4.13	4.47	4.28	2	7	12	2	12	10	exact	3	1	3	1	3	3	1	4	1	4	3	1	3	1	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
08be386c087b	test	phân biệt đối xử	discrimination	歧视	discrimination	diskriminasi	дискриминация	[]	phan biet doi xu	false	noun	distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		2	false	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.857142857143	1	5.17	4.31	4.54	4.05	3.91	4	16	14	2	14	12	exact	4	1	3	1	3	4	1	3	1	4	4	1	3	1	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
08e79b836b76	test	tài sản	property	财产	propriété	harta	имущество	[]	tai san	false	noun	something owned	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.666666666667	1	5.62	5.11	4.98	4.74	4.88	2	7	8	2	9	5	exact	2	1	2	1	1	2	1	4	1	2	2	1	3	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
09030a7ca089	test	sự kiện	event	事件	événement	kejadian	событие	[]	su kien	false	noun	occurrence	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.75	1	5.56	5.18	5.5	4.66	5.12	2	7	5	2	9	8	exact	2	1	1	1	1	2	1	2	3	3	2	1	2	3	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
09398e86c8ad	test	ví	wallet	钱包	portefeuille	dompet	кошелёк	["bóp"]	vi	true	noun	case for keeping money	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	false	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.916666666667	1	5.27	4.15	4.26	4.13	4.52	1	2	6	2	12	6	exact	1	1	2	1	2	1	1	4	4	2	1	1	3	4	2	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	true
096fd7db1ee8	test	đoán	guess	猜	deviner	berpikir	догадаться	["phỏng đoán"]	doan	true	verb	to reach an unconfirmed conclusion	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	wiktionary_char	3	true	false	true	rt_contain	false	false	false	false	false	0.714285714286	1	5.19	5.17	4.78	3.94	5.28	1	4	5	1	7	8	exact	1	1	2	2	1	1	1	3	2	4	1	1	3	2	4	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	true
098412f2f959	test	bưu chính	mail	邮件	courrier	pos	почта	["bưu điện"]	buu chinh	false	noun	postal delivery system	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	wiktionary_char	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.75	1	4.54	4.72	4.36	4.36	4.91	2	9	4	2	8	3	exact	3	1	2	1	1	3	1	4	2	1	3	1	3	2	1	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
09a1fff7b863	test	phá sản	bankruptcy	破产	faillite	kebangkrutan	банкротство	[]	pha san	false	noun	legally declared or recognised condition of insolvency	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	2	false	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.7	1	5.45	4.11	4.39	4.11	3.59	2	7	10	2	8	12	exact	2	1	3	3	4	2	1	4	3	4	2	1	3	3	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
09cefca2ebf9	test	thị lực	eyesight	视力	vue	penglihatan	зрение	[]	thi luc	false	noun	faculty of sight	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	2	true	false	false	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.833333333333	1	5.79	3.28	3.84	5.37	4.39	2	7	8	2	3	11	exact	2	1	3	1	3	2	2	3	1	4	2	2	3	1	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
09d679ea21b8	test	cháu	grandchild	孙子	petit-enfant	cucu	внук	[]	chau	true	noun	child of one’s child	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	true		3	true	false	true	fwd_only	false	true	false	true	true	0.5	2	5.24	3.13	4.29	5.12	4.34	1	4	10	2	12	4	exact	1	1	3	3	2	1	2	3	3	2	2	2	3	3	2	true	true	false	true	true	false	true	false
09f0172c771d	test	bức xạ điện từ	electromagnetic radiation	电磁辐射	rayonnement électromagnétique	radiasi elektromagnetik	электромагнитное излучение	["sóng điện từ"]	buc xa dien tu	false	noun	radiation	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.772727272727	1	4.62	3.5	2.62	3.15	3.61	4	14	25	4	29	23	head	4	2	3	4	4	5	2	3	6	7	5	2	5	6	6	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0a115d5137e8	test	điều kiện	condition	条件	condition	kondisi	условие	[]	dieu kien	false	noun	requirement or requisite	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	2	true	false	false	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.777777777778	1	5.55	4.86	5.32	4.65	5.3	2	9	9	2	9	7	exact	2	1	1	1	1	2	1	3	1	2	2	1	2	1	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0a52c03dec8c	directions	năng lực	ability	能力	capacité	kemampuan	способность	[]	nang luc	false	noun	quality or state of being able	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	2	false	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.636363636364	1	5.67	4.96	5.44	4.79	5.16	2	8	7	2	8	9	exact	2	1	1	1	1	2	1	3	1	3	2	1	2	2	3	false	false	false				false	false
0a5b717ef218	directions	tống tiền	blackmail	勒索	chantage	pemerasan	шантаж	[]	tong tien	false	noun	extortion of money by threats of public accusation, exposure, or censure	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["template"]	false		3	true	true	true	rt_contain	false	true	true	true	true	0.875	1	4.87	3.44	3.7	3.69	3.62	2	9	9	2	8	9	exact	3	1	3	2	2	3	1	4	2	3	3	1	3	2	3	false	false	false				false	false
0a798ebc728b	test	đá quý	gemstone	宝石	pierre précieuse	batu akik	драгоценный камень	[]	da quy	false	noun	gem	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	false	true	0.75	1	5.31	2.98	4.02	3.84	3.96	2	6	8	2	16	9	exact	2	1	2	3	2	2	2	3	5	4	2	2	3	5	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
0a9f5ae40ae3	test	máy kéo	tractor	拖拉机	tracteur	traktor	трактор	[]	may keo	false	noun	farm vehicle	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.714285714286	1	5.29	3.78	3.73	3.52	3.62	2	7	7	3	8	7	exact	2	1	4	2	2	2	1	5	2	3	2	1	4	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0ab6a481df98	directions	quản gia	butler	管家	majordome	pelayan	дворецкий	[]	quan gia	false	noun	chief male servant	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	rt_contain	false	true	false	true	true	0.857142857143	1	5.61	4.08	3.98	3.16	4.48	2	8	6	2	9	7	exact	2	1	2	3	2	2	2	4	3	3	2	2	2	3	3	false	false	false				false	false
0acea829946b	test	từ mượn	loanword	借词	emprunt	kata serapan	заимствование	["từ ngoại lai"]	tu muon	false	noun	word taken from another language	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	false	false	false	true	0.818181818182	1	4.57	1.62	3.48	3.95	3.51	2	7	8	2	7	12	none	4	2	3	2	3	4	2	4	3	3	4	2	3	3	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0ae9aab35660	test	chủ nghĩa nữ quyền	feminism	女权主义	féminisme	feminisme	феминизм	[]	chu nghia nu quyen	false	noun	the social theory or political movement	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.8	1	5.32	3.85	3.05	3.78	3.11	4	18	8	4	9	9	exact	4	1	3	2	2	4	1	5	3	2	4	1	3	3	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0aecc9bd333b	test	chết não	brain death	脑死亡	mort cérébrale	kematian otak		[]	chet nao	false	noun	irreversible cessation of brain activity	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true		0.75	1	4.98	4.81	3.26	3.75	4.93	2	8	11	3	14	13	head	2	2	3	4	2	2	2	4	5	5	2	2	3	5	5	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0b0adc4a52d1	test	mã bưu chính	postcode	邮政编码	code postal	kode pos	почтовый индекс	[]	ma buu chinh	false	noun	sequence of letters and numbers added to a postal address	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["template"]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	false	0.9	1	4.49	3	3.57	3.56	4.72	3	12	8	4	11	8	exact	4	1	4	2	2	4	1	5	2	2	4	1	5	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0b245ac747b4	test	liên tục	continuous	连续	continu	terus-menerus	непрерывный	["không ngừng"]	lien tuc	false	adj	without break, cessation, or interruption in time	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	2	true	false	false	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.75	1	5.56	4.21	4.99	4.13	4.5	2	8	10	2	7	13	exact	2	1	2	1	5	2	1	3	1	5	2	1	2	1	5	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0b30e78e941f	test	rể	son-in-law	女婿	gendre	menantu laki-laki	зять	[]	re	true	noun	son-in-law	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["chinese","template"]	false		2	true	false	false	rt_contain	false	false	true	true	true	0.666666666667	2	4.27	5.06	4.01	3.6	3.88	1	2	10	2	6	17	head	2	5	2	2	5	2	3	4	3	6	2	3	3	3	6	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	false
0b866d748d90	test	nón	cone	锥体	cône	kerucut	конус	[]	non	true	noun	surface of revolution	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	true		3	false	true	true	rt_contain	false	false	true	true	true	0.5	2	4.38	3.83	2.34	3.46	3.62	1	3	4	2	4	7	exact	2	1	3	2	3	2	1	3	2	3	2	1	3	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	true
0bab7366ccf4	test	ngón tay	finger	手指	doigt	jari	палец	[]	ngon tay	false	noun	(anatomy) extremity of the hand	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.857142857143	1	4.78	4.48	4.4	4.52	4.95	2	8	6	2	5	4	exact	3	1	2	1	1	4	1	3	2	2	3	1	2	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0be833dd62c2	test	bỏ cuộc	give up	停止	abandonner	berhenti	прекратить	[]	bo cuoc	false	verb	stop, quit, desist	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		2	true	false	false	rt_contain	false	false	true	false	false	0.8	1	5.62	5.63	5.05	4.36	5.38	2	7	7	2	10	8	exact	2	2	2	2	1	2	2	4	2	3	2	2	3	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
0be9c7def5dd	test	máy phát điện	generator	发电机	générateur	generator	генератор	[]	may phat dien	false	noun	apparatus: electrical generator	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.764705882353	1	5.57	3.94	4.1	3.69	4.08	3	13	9	3	10	9	exact	3	1	2	1	1	3	1	2	3	1	3	1	3	3	1	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0c16193ca68b	test	thực vật	plant	植物	plante	tumbuhan	растение	["cây"]	thuc vat	false	noun	organism capable of photosynthesis	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.75	1	5.79	4.89	4.79	4.4	4.67	2	8	5	2	6	8	exact	2	1	1	1	1	2	1	4	2	3	2	1	3	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0c22a98d541c	test	sinh khối	biomass	生物量	biomasse	biomassa	биомасса	[]	sinh khoi	false	noun	total mass of all, or a specified category of, living things within a specific area, habitat, etc.	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["template"]	false		3	true	true	true	fwd_only	false	true	true	true	true	0.875	1	5.25	3.38	3.64	3.28	0	2	9	7	3	8	8	none	2	1	3	3	2	2	1	3	2	2	2	1	3	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0c3ea906a7d3	test	nhiệm vụ	mission	任务	mission	misi	миссия	["sứ mệnh"]	nhiem vu	false	noun	set of tasks that fulfills a purpose	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	wiktionary_char	3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.857142857143	1	5.61	4.87	5.45	4.99	5.08	2	8	7	2	7	4	exact	2	1	2	1	1	2	1	2	1	2	2	1	2	1	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
0c5c8931027f	test	cày	plough	犁	charrue	bajak	плуг	[]	cay	true	noun	device pulled through the ground	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	true		4	true	true	true	fwd_only	false	false	false	false	true	0.714285714286	1	4.14	3.09	3.22	3.07	4.36	1	3	6	1	7	5	exact	2	1	2	2	2	2	2	3	3	2	2	2	2	3	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0c73dfa2bf7d	test	vàng da	jaundice	黄疸	jaunisse	sakit kuning	желтуха	["hoàng đản"]	vang da	true	noun	morbid condition	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		2	true	false	false	fwd_only	false	false	true	false	true	0.75	1	5.15	2.71	0.69	2.58	4.74	2	7	8	2	8	12	exact	2	1	2	2	2	2	3	3	3	4	2	3	3	3	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0c835a8ce495	directions	khoáng vật học	mineralogy	矿物学	minéralogie	mineralogi	минералогия	[]	khoang vat hoc	false	noun	the study or science of minerals	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	none	false	true	false	true	true	0.833333333333	1	4.7	2.75	2.92	2.83	0	3	14	10	3	11	10	exact	4	2	4	3	2	4	2	5	4	2	4	2	4	4	2	false	false	false				false	false
0ca1e3d14824	test	lối vào	entrance	进口	entrée	jalan masuk	вход	[]	loi vao	false	noun	place of entering	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		2	true	false	false	strict	true	true	true	false	true	0.8	1	5.11	4.39	4.86	5.04	5.61	2	7	8	2	6	11	exact	2	1	2	1	2	3	1	3	2	4	2	1	3	2	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0d28ddd88928	test	thảm	carpet	地毯	tapis	karpet	ковёр	[]	tham	true	noun	a fabric used as a floor covering	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	wiktionary_char	4	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.8	2	4.93	4.18	3.84	4.28	4.05	1	4	6	2	5	6	exact	2	1	2	1	2	2	1	3	2	2	2	1	3	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	true
0d6ca003e14a	test	linh mục	priest	牧师	prêtre	pendeta	священник	[]	linh muc	false	noun	clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson)	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["template"]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.714285714286	1	5.32	4.33	4.27	4.39	4.58	2	8	6	2	6	7	exact	2	1	3	2	2	3	1	3	2	2	2	1	3	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0dd5021027b7	test	tỉ mỉ	meticulous	细致	méticuleux	teliti	тщательный	[]	ti mi	false	adj	characterized by very precise, conscientious attention to details	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["chinese","template"]	false		2	true	false	false	fwd_only	false	true	true	true	true	0.5	1	3.63	3.24	3.96	2.89	4.25	2	5	10	2	10	6	exact	3	1	3	3	2	3	1	3	4	2	3	1	3	4	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0ddd4179c3b7	test	xanh lá cây	green	绿色	vert	hijau	зелёный	["lục","xanh lục","xanh"]	xanh la cay	false	adj	having green as its colour	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	fwd_only	false	true	true	true	true	0.777777777778	1	4.92	5.13	4.83	4.74	5.03	3	11	5	2	4	5	exact	3	1	2	1	1	4	1	3	1	2	3	1	3	1	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0df206c33ab3	test	mượt	smooth	光滑	lisse	halus	гладкий	["trơn"]	muot	true	adj	lacking friction, not rough	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	false	true	rt_contain	false	false	false	true	true	0.5	1	3.72	4.4	3.69	3.82	4.67	1	4	6	2	5	5	exact	2	1	2	1	1	2	1	3	2	2	2	1	2	2	2	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true
0dfe40a56c6f	test	kính viễn vọng	telescope	望远镜	télescope	teleskop	телескоп	[]	kinh vien vong	false	noun	optical instrument that magnifies	ambiguous	sino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	["calque"]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.75	1	4.74	3.75	4.02	3.38	3.79	3	14	9	3	9	8	exact	4	1	4	3	2	4	1	4	2	3	5	1	4	2	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0e013cbfcc59	test	cửa hàng bách hoá	department store	百货店	grand magasin	toko serba ada	универсальный магазин	[]	cua hang bach hoa	false	noun	store containing many departments	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	fwd_only	false	true	false	false	true	0.785714285714	1	4.55	4.81	2.84	4.55	4.44	4	17	16	3	13	14	exact	5	2	3	2	4	5	2	4	3	5	5	2	3	3	5	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0e193f0af024	test	số học	arithmetic	算术	arithmétique	aritmetika	арифметика	[]	so hoc	false	noun	mathematics of numbers, etc.	sino	sino	sino	sino	sino	["template"]	false	unihan	3	true	true	true	fwd_only	false	true	true	true	true	0.8	1	6.17	3.4	3.44	3.25	0	2	6	10	2	12	10	exact	2	1	3	4	3	2	1	4	4	4	2	1	3	4	4	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0e28b35ce2db	test	số khối	mass number	质量数	nombre de masse	nomor massa	массовое число	[]	so khoi	false	noun	number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	false		3	true	true	true	strict	true	true	true	true	true	0.9	1	5.26	4.8	3.8	4.67	4.7	2	7	11	3	15	11	head	2	2	3	3	2	2	2	5	3	3	2	2	4	3	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false
0e569db76e4c	test	lặn	recessive	隐性	récessif	resesif		[]	lan	true	adj	in genetics	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	nonsino	[]	true		2	true	false	false	rt_contain	false	false	true	true		1	1	4.4	2.91	3.36	2.26	0	1	3	9	2	8	7	exact	2	1	3	3	3	3	2	4	3	3	2	2	3	3	3	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true

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viLens Concepts

Summary

This release contains 1,837 aligned concepts with canonical forms in the five readout languages (Vietnamese, English, Mandarin Chinese, French, Indonesian) and Russian as the translation-prompt source. The frozen partitions contain 1,535 main-test concepts, 123 M1-extension concepts, 132 directions concepts, and 47 few-shot-reservoir concepts.

Construction

The English Wiktionary/Wiktextract translation tables provide the alignment pivot; Vietnamese Wiktextract entries supply etymology and gloss cross-checks. Additional attestation uses MUSE and Wikidata; Signal B verifies the Han spelling recorded in each Vietnamese entry against Unihan Sino-Vietnamese readings and CC-CEDICT headwords, with a WordNet-assisted meaning check for monosyllables. Frequency comes from wordfreq, while Brysbaert values are withheld in this package. FLORES+ is used for tokenizer fertility and a separate gated direction dataset; its sentence text is not included here.

Selection keeps noun/verb/adjective concepts with English lemmas of at most two words and requires two configured attestation sources. The pipeline applies the frozen back-translation, median-polysemy, proper-noun, surface-distance, loanword, and hyphenated-transliteration rules, then assigns the frozen sino/nonsino/ambiguous strata. The v1.2 amendments, analysis plan, provenance notes, and construction materials are maintained in the preparation repository at the frozen prereg-v1.2 tag. The v1.3 amendment, the cloze builder and the rebuild evidence will be published in the preparation repository.

Fields

The concepts configuration is a UTF-8 JSON Lines file: each line is one concept object, and every value is stored as a string.

Column	Meaning
`concept_id`	Stable 12-character identifier for this concept.
`split`	Leakage-safe partition: test, directions, or fewshot_reservoir.
`vi`	Canonical Vietnamese form.
`en`	Canonical English lemma used as the alignment pivot.
`zh`	Canonical simplified Mandarin form.
`fr`	Canonical French form.
`id`	Canonical Indonesian form.
`ru`	Canonical Russian prompt-source form; may be empty if unavailable.
`vi_alts`	Other surviving Vietnamese forms for the concept, stored as a JSON list.
`vi_nodiac`	Vietnamese canonical form with diacritics removed (đ→d).
`collapsed`	Whether the stripped Vietnamese form collides with another real form.
`pos`	Part of speech; values are noun, verb or adj.
`en_sense_gloss`	English gloss associated with the aligned sense.
`stratum`	Frozen etymological stratum: sino, nonsino, ambiguous, or other_loan.
`sigA`	Signal A: Wiktionary/Wiktextract etymological classification.
`sigB`	Verification of the Han spelling recorded in the same Wiktionary entry.
`sigB_strict`	Signal B requiring the strict reading, dictionary, and meaning checks.
`sigB_relaxed`	Signal B requiring a verified Vietnamese reading and CEDICT headword.
`sino_via`	Recorded route/type supporting a Sino classification, when available.
`native_strict`	Whether the concept meets the strict native-origin evidence rule.
`reading_source`	Reading source used for a verified Han string, when applicable.
`n_sources`	Number of configured independent attestation sources for the selected Vietnamese form.
`in_vi_gloss`	Whether the Vietnamese entry contains the English lemma in an English gloss.
`in_wikidata`	Whether the Vietnamese–English pair is attested by Wikidata labels or aliases.
`external_attested`	Whether the pair is attested by MUSE or Wikidata.
`bt_route`	Back-translation pass route: strict, rt_contain, fwd_only, or none.
`bt_pass_strict_v1`	Whether the original strict exact-match round-trip rule passed.
`zh_nllb_agree`	Whether the provisional Mandarin form agrees with NLLB beam output.
`fr_nllb_agree`	Whether the provisional French form agrees with NLLB beam output.
`id_nllb_agree`	Whether the provisional Indonesian form agrees with NLLB beam output.
`ru_nllb_agree`	Whether the selected Russian form agrees with NLLB beam output.
`min_surface_dist`	Minimum normalized Vietnamese-to-en/fr/id surface edit distance.
`n_senses_vi`	Vietnamese sense count summed over homograph entries for the canonical form.
`zipf_vi`	wordfreq Zipf frequency for the canonical vi form.
`zipf_en`	wordfreq Zipf frequency for the canonical en form.
`zipf_zh`	wordfreq Zipf frequency for the canonical zh form.
`zipf_fr`	wordfreq Zipf frequency for the canonical fr form.
`zipf_id`	wordfreq Zipf frequency for the canonical id form.
`n_syllables`	Whitespace-separated syllable count of the Vietnamese canonical form.
`n_chars_vi`	Unicode codepoint count, including spaces, in the canonical vi form.
`n_chars_en`	Unicode codepoint count, including spaces, in the canonical en form.
`n_chars_zh`	Unicode codepoint count, including spaces, in the canonical zh form.
`n_chars_fr`	Unicode codepoint count, including spaces, in the canonical fr form.
`n_chars_id`	Unicode codepoint count, including spaces, in the canonical id form.
`concreteness_match`	Brysbaert matching route (exact/head/none); concreteness values are omitted.
`ntok_gemma_vi`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_gemma_en`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_gemma_zh`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_gemma_fr`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_gemma_id`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_qwen_vi`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_qwen_en`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_qwen_zh`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_qwen_fr`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_qwen_id`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_llama_vi`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_llama_en`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_llama_zh`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_llama_fr`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`ntok_llama_id`	Tokens of the form after a colon, including its leading space: `len(tok('x: ' + form)) − len(tok('x:'))`.
`single_token_vi_gemma`	Whether the Vietnamese form is one token under the Gemma tokenizer.
`single_token_vi_qwen`	Whether the Vietnamese form is one token under the Qwen tokenizer.
`single_token_vi_llama`	Whether the Vietnamese form is one token under the Llama tokenizer.
`m1_eligible_gemma`	Gemma M1 eligibility flag for main-test or M1-extension concepts.
`m1_eligible_qwen`	Qwen M1 eligibility flag for main-test or M1-extension concepts.
`m1_eligible_llama`	Llama M1 eligibility flag for main-test or M1-extension concepts.
`m1_extension`	True only for concepts in the separate M1-only extension set.
`cloze_available`	Deprecated frozen v1.2 indicator; retained for provenance and not used by any analysis.
`fewshot_set`	Fixed few-shot set assignment (1–6), or empty when not selected.

Splits

Split	Rows	Notes
test	1,658	Main test 1,535 plus M1-only extension 123; `m1_extension` distinguishes the extension.
directions	132	Prompt-matched direction concepts.
fewshot_reservoir	47	Reservoir concepts; selected prompt demonstrations are identified by `fewshot_set`.

Partitions are disjoint by concept ID, English lemma, and Vietnamese spelling-equivalence key. The test partition contains the main test set and the separately flagged M1-only extension; the extension is never part of the main test set.

Configurations, splits, and prompt records

The package provides repetition and translation prompt formats, directions data, and the supplementary v1.3 cloze prompt set.

Hugging Face config	Split names	File	Rows per split
`concepts`	`train`	`concepts.jsonl`	1,837
`cloze`	`diac_set1`	`prompts/cloze_diac_set1.jsonl`	41
`cloze`	`nodiac_set1`	`prompts/cloze_nodiac_set1.jsonl`	29
`repetition`	`diac_set1`–`diac_set6`	`prompts/repetition_diac_set*.jsonl`	1,658
`repetition`	`nodiac_set1`–`nodiac_set6`	`prompts/repetition_nodiac_set*.jsonl`	1,236
`translation`	`diac_set1`–`diac_set6`	`prompts/translation_diac_set*.jsonl`	1,647
`translation`	`nodiac_set1`–`nodiac_set6`	`prompts/translation_nodiac_set*.jsonl`	1,226
`directions`	`matched`	`prompts/directions_matched.jsonl`	1,320

directions_matched.jsonl is ordered by format and then language. Its first 132 rows are Vietnamese repetition prompts and look like the repetition config. The file also contains translation prompts and prompts in en, zh, fr and id. It covers 132 concepts that are disjoint from the test set, and it is used to estimate one direction per language, not for lens readout.

The split column in each record is the frozen partition, not the Hugging Face split name. Repetition, translation and cloze records use test; direction records use fit or validate. Concept records also use fewshot_reservoir.

Every field in concepts.jsonl is stored as a string, including values that represent booleans, counts, and missing values. Prompt files encode booleans and integers as native JSON booleans and integers. Repetition and translation records contain concept_id, split, m1_extension, format, condition, fewshot_set, prompt, and target_vi, target_en, target_zh, target_fr, target_id; target strings retain their leading space. Cloze records use those same fields plus demo_concept_ids (an array of concept IDs); fewshot_set is JSON null. Direction records contain concept_id, format, lang, prompt, split, and target. target_vi is the expected answer. target_en, target_zh, target_fr and target_id are readout targets: the lens scores them at each layer to measure which language the model represents internally. They are not expected outputs.

Files and checksums

SHA-256 checksums for the concept table and all released prompt data files:

File	SHA-256
`concepts.jsonl`	`f3d009bbec7d7e54738a889a536ba06d6fcbe023f301043f9988e11e97677fc7`
`prompts/cloze_diac_set1.jsonl`	`8da79d5e1b4273b98a7ecd26be152a281dd9c1ffdaf718248f3ab1f69ae0bca1`
`prompts/cloze_nodiac_set1.jsonl`	`322401efc6955aeb7839e9e7e78e2a1a89cf435172758af4d96952c6545fc4a8`
`prompts/directions_matched.jsonl`	`dd0e5fc8ce9366a1df7b38f8555f50e418706045bd4d36fb96acaeec5812dd83`
`prompts/repetition_diac_set1.jsonl`	`e9804c7b44e096a2d410d9551b8fffbeacd92f08c3f0823526d6d59d64810a08`
`prompts/repetition_diac_set2.jsonl`	`2d5eff20242cc5156a3ffee0dde8bf992bb96e51e8678cc1f65c2390c20ba46d`
`prompts/repetition_diac_set3.jsonl`	`8abfaa9ed700adf5dcb1051f5f2c44c382fee95e7980ecb7d62d849d689bd4fb`
`prompts/repetition_diac_set4.jsonl`	`af991f4d3bf9522c131e97a94935775caa946e1bf54d8f8dc26137c02341a10e`
`prompts/repetition_diac_set5.jsonl`	`1d8d2d4e22e3c3f78eaa8c8541c3f82184b855aeaef8c677c4012d4e1348710f`
`prompts/repetition_diac_set6.jsonl`	`a5b9ad871b8c1db495e27ab8075c01f6af527511b0360419a388801f8e89caaa`
`prompts/repetition_nodiac_set1.jsonl`	`9afe85547c87bca7c2b1747908cdb768f612a5690ddfb5fd24cd9df7c9f9cab2`
`prompts/repetition_nodiac_set2.jsonl`	`46925adfb5396f26bff09152f0d57229e1937b3cd231ddda15b64b34bae7170d`
`prompts/repetition_nodiac_set3.jsonl`	`0e29dcf67457f4cd8e923bd6fd95ef2b6123082d24d9fa8318a8cd3db5dd46b7`
`prompts/repetition_nodiac_set4.jsonl`	`f1cb68f03b010c5554f003ad9071742fb97492740f71f8e76761414987e6b3d8`
`prompts/repetition_nodiac_set5.jsonl`	`cfdc90ee88044b5510302bd614c92afa0eaa89c318869bd85a8807f30c7ddc61`
`prompts/repetition_nodiac_set6.jsonl`	`3a960ca83ec0240f486bce23b4509606d7c4f087cd658ed85a7530f4638a7753`
`prompts/translation_diac_set1.jsonl`	`fb894bb19e43d57c5d173f17bb9fd26492891ccfccfc01340e90743bc949ef77`
`prompts/translation_diac_set2.jsonl`	`54f1e8fa653d1e70413283594a9ed2033723988caec7a401c46cca06ac69ff2e`
`prompts/translation_diac_set3.jsonl`	`c76e6e8f05f7abc9170e424a26948815c3e9fcd26a3922dce10857e29af734a5`
`prompts/translation_diac_set4.jsonl`	`5d16938956de4c19173a5b2a1027076a0ae7dca7c3b7dd588e8f1c4ac046165b`
`prompts/translation_diac_set5.jsonl`	`8b7058df84cec38c7cf9e84241403a8ee3eebf55f06ecb81ff9f0613b905b8fc`
`prompts/translation_diac_set6.jsonl`	`d02b10b7d176f11693fe0f8ebb2efbadcd8c48115ded444fb5deb9b0fa2d34b4`
`prompts/translation_nodiac_set1.jsonl`	`fff9e0eaafae9604204368835b599e0ca0da204134feb726074d88472c71c6d6`
`prompts/translation_nodiac_set2.jsonl`	`7c3c3d83b00213d4bd4d768cce782f4dcc9c2b047f3e2b8150d9198f0b2e335e`
`prompts/translation_nodiac_set3.jsonl`	`9eceb035ca246bed95f76a70a0f8a851334f708af4ef71d364092253c18d4dbe`
`prompts/translation_nodiac_set4.jsonl`	`165faaabef0b5b48f19496d96363a849cb574dc8c765a3d10fcc75ae6381237f`
`prompts/translation_nodiac_set5.jsonl`	`cb6f46b7d226addcd7e3cd7d7f1529d6d5282d076b9c1080df86c4a594118ed8`
`prompts/translation_nodiac_set6.jsonl`	`2f49370f49225704aaf08d2a8affbf4d81c309c0d1941725a4da31e008fe3392`

Quality metrics

Primary Signal A/B Cohen's κ = 0.594470 (95% CI [0.557133, 0.631475]; n=1659); under the preregistered rule, H3 is exploratory. 149/577 (25.82%) of verified Han strings used Wiktionary character entries for readings, so Signal B is partly dependent on Wiktionary.

Attestation coverage among the main-test concepts:

Source flag	Main test coverage
`in_vi_gloss`	1,419/1,535 (92.44%)
`in_muse`	150/1,535 (9.77%)
`in_wikidata`	1,006/1,535 (65.54%)
`external_attested`	1,086/1,535 (70.75%)

MUSE was used only to compute an attestation flag; the flag column and dictionary pairs are not distributed. Back-translation routes in the main test set:

Back-translation route	Main test concepts
`strict`	1,111/1,535 (72.38%)
`rt_contain`	293/1,535 (19.09%)
`fwd_only`	131/1,535 (8.53%)
`none`	0/1,535 (0.00%)

Concreteness match-route counts across all package concepts (scores omitted):

Match route	Concepts
`exact`	1,653/1,837 (89.98%)
`head`	135/1,837 (7.35%)
`none`	49/1,837 (2.67%)

Limitations

The main test set is 83.4% nouns, and its concepts have one Vietnamese sense each; the separate M1 extension has exactly two senses per concept. Etymology classification is automatic (primary κ = 0.594); Signal B partly reuses Wiktionary character-entry readings. Vietnamese Zipf frequency is not directly comparable with Zipf scores for other languages. The preregistered pre-model imbalance was d = +0.89 (Vietnamese frequency), +0.83 (Chinese frequency), −0.83 (concreteness), −0.62 (Vietnamese tokens). For multi-syllable forms, wordfreq estimates Vietnamese frequency from the individual syllables, so it tracks syllable rather than word frequency. Spot checks find occasional imprecise targets (e.g. zh 警官 for sergeant, id 'supernatural'), estimated at a few percent of concepts.

Not included, and how to add it

in_muse is omitted because MUSE is CC BY-NC; restoration instructions and source details are available in the preparation repository at prereg-v1.2.
Brysbaert concreteness values are omitted until redistribution terms are confirmed; restoration instructions are available in the preparation repository at prereg-v1.2. The concreteness_match route is retained.
directions_flores.jsonl and all FLORES sentence text are omitted because FLORES+ is gated; reconstruction instructions are available in the preparation repository at prereg-v1.2.

Licensing and attribution

This package is offered under CC BY-SA 4.0. Attribution: Wiktionary/Wiktextract (kaikki.org) and wordfreq; Wikidata structured data is CC0; Unihan is distributed under the Unicode License; CC-CEDICT is CC BY-SA. NLLB-200 was used for back-translation filtering, for choosing among Wiktionary's candidate translations, and for the cloze sense check; no NLLB output text is included and model weights are not redistributed. MUSE pairs, Brysbaert values, and FLORES sentence text are not included. See LICENSE for the legal-code reference; source provenance is documented in the preparation repository at prereg-v1.2.

Known issues

The v1.2 cloze set is superseded because its audit found fragmentary and ambiguous contexts, sense mismatches and answer leakage; see the HF v1.2 tag for provenance.
cloze_available is a frozen v1.2 column and is deprecated; do not use it in analysis.
Some v1.3 cloze contexts admit more than one Vietnamese answer. The target sense is verified; uniqueness is not.
The v1.2 prompts config cannot be loaded with load_dataset because of a schema mismatch; read the prompt files directly at the HF v1.2 tag.
vi_nodiac is lowercased for gấu Bắc Cực (1626f004dcd7) and đậu Lima (f918ffa42beb); prompts preserve case.
Repetition and translation nodiac demonstrations include collapsed forms: thứ tư, tiệc, and sắt.
Questionable targets are retained as frozen data: chết đuối (151a3fe224ea), rưỡi (17781bd98b3c), tủy xương (922cd1167021), hội nghị thượng đỉnh (c9584b841817), cảnh sát chính tả (c505c130104c), and đừng (f5411853b246; French target is the template “ne... verb ...pas”).

Changelog

v1.3 (27 Sep 2026, tag v1.3): Withdrew the v1.2 cloze set. Superseded by v1.3.1.
v1.3.1: Restores cloze, rebuilt under C1–C8 plus beam agreement:
- C1 uses eligible aligned-sense usage examples and excludes references and quotations.
- C2 requires a non-empty, single-line source example.
- C3 blanks exactly one canonical Vietnamese form.
- C4 requires at least six letter-bearing tokens, including the blank.
- C5 rejects forbidden markup and tokens absent from the Vietnamese Wiktextract syllable inventory.
- C6 rejects a blank-plus-neighbour window that forms a Wiktionary headword.
- C7 requires a matching untruncated top NLLB beam and at least three of five beams to match an allowed English lemma.
- C8 rejects the same query paired with a different Vietnamese fill, computed over all candidates with a valid blank.
- Beam agreement is configured by semantic_min_beam_matches=3; the rules are frozen.
- Final files contain 41 diac records (34 main + 7 extension) and 29 nodiac records (29 main + 0 extension).
- Demonstrations are 1a9ec27bf14d (few-shot set 1), 8fa44725013f (few-shot set 5), and 0a52c03dec8c (directions split).

Citation

To be updated on publication.

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