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tossups/2f/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4e2f.json

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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.12],[5.24,12.92],[13.04,19.36],[19.48,25.44],[25.56,31.6],[31.72,37.48]],"texts":["This group's traditional ideas are philosophically interpreted in the book Quaestiones et Solutiones.","An essay about this group argues that \"political emancipation\" is counterproductive for \"human emancipation\" and responds to a Bruno Bauer essay of the same title.","Perspectives on this group represent a \"comprehensive attitude... toward man in general\" according to a Jean-Paul Sartre essay.","An 1848 essay on the materialist view of history considers the \"secular basis\" for this group's religion;","that Marx essay is titled for their namesake \"Question.\" Their influence on music was blasted in an essay by Richard Wagner.","For 10 points, name this religious group to whom a \"Final Solution\" was proposed by Adolf Hitler."]}

tossups/2f/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f2f.json

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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.68],[9.8,20.0],[20.12,23.16],[23.28,30.12],[30.24,34.12],[34.24,38.72]],"texts":["The book Seven Types of Ambiguity cites this writer's construction \"the A and B of C,\" as in the sentence \"Whether it be the fault and glimpse of newness,\" describing why a deputy is so strict.","An essay about this writer states \"The end of writing is to instruct; the end of poetry is to instruct by pleasing.\" A children's book of \"Tales from\" this writer was created by Mary and Charles Lamb.","A preface to his edited works was written by Samuel Johnson.","Thomas de Quincey wrote an essay \"On the Knocking at the Gate\" in a play by this man, in which a speech beginning \"Tomorrow, and tomorrow,","and tomorrow\" is the source of William Faulkner's title The Sound and the Fury.","For 10 points, the First Folio collects the works of what Englishman nicknamed \"the Bard?\""]}

tossups/2f/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a872f.json

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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,18.56],[18.68,28.2],[28.32,32.24],[32.36,36.64]],"texts":["This document enjoins the people it concerns to \"labor faithfully for reasonable wages\" in \"all cases allowed.\" Richard Hofstadter mockingly stated that this document had \"all the moral grandeur of a bill of lading.\" The preliminary version of this document was promulgated four months after its author rebuked David Hunter for creating a similar document following action at Fort Pulaski,","and a month after its author wrote an open reply to a letter titled \"The Prayer of Twenty Millions.\" The signing of this document \"five score years ago\" is referenced in Martin Luther King's \"I Have a Dream\" speech.","This document did not apply to Maryland, Missouri, Delaware, or Kentucky.","For 10 points, Abraham Lincoln freed Southern slaves by issuing what document?"]}

tossups/2f/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae52f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.68],[7.8,13.08],[13.2,20.56],[20.68,25.2],[25.32,30.64],[30.76,35.4],[35.52,41.44]],"texts":["Several birds endemic to this mountain range, including its namesake geese and crested ducks, have increased cardiac ability as adaptations to hypoxia.","Many black chested buzzard-eagles live in this range, as does the black-chested mountain caracara.","Adaptive radiation in this range has produced about 40% of the world's hummingbird species, including the giant hummingbird and the hillstars.","A plateau in this range is home to James's flamingo and this range's own namesake flamingo.","Bird-watchers frequent areas of its slopes such as the Bellavista Reserve and the cloud forest of Yungas.","The largest flying land-bird both by weight and by wingspan is this range's namesake condor.","Many birds are found in the Altiplano surrounded by, for 10 points, what mountain range of western South America?"]}

tossups/2f/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae62f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.6],[8.72,13.68],[13.8,20.2],[20.32,23.12],[23.24,30.44],[30.56,34.16],[34.28,38.68]],"texts":["When the Kabul Museum displayed what it claimed was an object used for this task, it caused an international incident with India, as that object was reportedly left to the people of Vaishali.","A type of staff with metal rings on top was meant both to ward off animals and to aid in this task.","The term bhikkhu literally refers to doing this task; Buddhist monks were originally only allowed to own three robes and an item used for this task.","Theravada monks make daily processions for this task.","The Theravada ban on monastic vegetarianism is due to the strictness of their requirement of this practice; in Theravada tradition,","the Buddha died from eating spoiled pork as a result of doing this practice.","For 10 points, Buddhist monks are supposed to survive by what practice of asking for food?"]}

tossups/2f/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae72f.json

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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.56],[6.68,19.2],[19.32,22.76],[22.88,27.92],[28.04,32.68],[32.8,38.36]],"texts":["In an article titled \"What Is\" this field, Kit Fine claimed that this field had five features that separate it from other forms of enquiry.","In \"Pseudoproblems in Philosophy,\" Rudolf Carnap claimed that this field \"seeks to find and express the knowledge that is inaccessible to empirical science.\" A.J. Ayer referred to this field as \"unverifiable\" and titled a chapter of Language,","Truth, and Logic for the \"Elimination\" of this field.","A book titled for this field describes a combination of matter and form called hylomorphism.","That book titled for this field opens with the phrase \"All men by nature desire to know.\".","For 10 points, name this field titled for a book by Aristotle which studies the fundamental nature of the world."]}

tossups/2f/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae82f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.92],[7.04,14.04],[14.16,21.24],[21.36,28.12],[28.24,35.88]],"texts":["This person provided choreography for a work that ends with Andrew II of Hungary blessing the marriage of Raymonda and Jean de Brienne.","This choreographer created four revivals of the final work he had performed as a dancer, in which the pirate Conrad rescues his enslaved lover Medora.","Ludwig Minkus provided music for a ballet which was choreographed by this person in which the title character kills a giant spider and tilts at windmills.","Working with Lev Ivanov to renew one ballet, this choreographer increased the role of von Rothbart and made Odette a human.","For 10 points, name this master of Saint Petersburg's Imperial Ballet and choreographer for Don Quixote, The Nutcracker, and a revival of Swan Lake."]}

tossups/2f/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73882f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.76],[7.88,15.72]],"texts":["Cohen's most cited paper and Bill Gates's only academic paper both focused on this problem, whose \"burnt\" variant requires one extra \"flip\" to solve in the naive solution.","For 10 points, name this computer science problem which is often visualized as a sorting problem in which a spatula is used to rearrange the namesake items."]}

tossups/2f/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73892f.json

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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.52],[10.64,13.52],[13.64,20.96],[21.08,27.16],[27.28,33.28],[33.4,37.84],[37.96,45.16],[45.28,50.08]],"texts":["One leader of this party mispronounced the name of Jorges Luis Borges as \"Borgues,\" sparking criticism that he was uncultured, and stated that the Peruvian author Mario Vargas Llosa was Colombian.","After a 2006 election won by this party,","the loser held \"Informative Assemblies\" where citizens chanted \"No to the damn fraud\" and set up \"plantones,\" or encampments in the capital which blocked traffic.","The founder of this party was considered one of the \"Seven Sages\" of his country for helping to write the Constitution for its bank.","This party, founded by Manuel Gomez Morin, was also led by a man who initiated Operation Michoacan.","That leader defeated Lopez Obrador to come to power and is named Felipe Calderon.","It first came to power by defeating Francisco Labastida after forming the Alliance for Change with the Ecological Green party in 2000 to elect Vicente Fox.","For 10 points, name this Mexican party long in the opposition against the PRI."]}

tossups/2f/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a2f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.92],[8.04,16.2],[16.32,21.76],[21.88,29.12],[29.24,34.8],[34.92,41.72],[41.84,49.0]],"texts":["The charge transfer complex between deca-methyl-ferrocene and an ethylene bonded to 4 of this species forms an inorganic molecular ferromagnet.","A nickel(0) tetrakis(phosphite) complex is converted to a nickel(II) hydride complex in the catalytic cycle of the addition of this species to an alkene.","Five of these ligands and one nitric oxide ligand binds to iron in the vasodilator sodium nitroprusside.","This species nucleophilically attacks the carbonyl of an aldose in a procedure for lengthening monosaccharides named for Kiliani and Fischer.","This strong pi acceptor ligand is isoelectronic to both nitric oxide and carbon monoxide.","This species' toxicity is caused by it binding to cytochrome c oxidase, thus disrupting ATP production.","Nitriles are organic compounds containing, for 10 points, what species containing a carbon triple bonded to a nitrogen?"]}

tossups/2f/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b2f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.76],[5.88,14.2],[14.32,21.36],[21.48,27.0],[27.12,34.64],[34.76,39.04],[39.16,43.04],[43.16,45.8]],"texts":["A precursor to this molecule has its thiolactam group S-methylated by tri-methyl-oxonium fluoroborate.","Two of this molecule's rings can be connected to form thiodextrolin via either an alkylative or oxidative precoupling followed by the addition of a tertiary phosphine.","Two propionic acid side chains are attached to 6 contiguous stereocenters in a precursor to this molecule called beta-corrnorsterone.","This molecule's \"western half\" consists of its B and C rings, which are connected by a sulfide contraction.","It's not penicillin, but Dorothy Hodgkin won a Nobel Prize for determining the crystal structure of this molecule, which is based on a corrin macrocycle.","The total synthesis of this compound was developed by Albert Eschenmoser and Robert Woodward.","This compound's malabsorption in the small intestine causes pernicious anemia.","For 10 points, name this cobalt-containing vitamin."]}

tossups/2f/62df3ddba2602b93e040812f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.84],[6.96,15.0],[15.12,20.24],[20.36,31.4],[31.52,41.12]],"texts":["Miller, Dykes, and Polesky developed a cheaper \"salting-out\" alternative to this process, while Chelex and FTA paper are more recent alternatives.","Impurities generated by this process can lead to artificially inflated 260/280 ratios in spectrophotometric quantification.","In cesium chloride purification protocols, this step is performed iteratively until the sample is no longer pink.","The reagent used for this process may be used at a pH of 4.7 or 7.9, depending on whether the sample contains RNA or DNA, and it is usually followed by ethanol or isopropanol precipitation.","For 10 points, name this technique used to purify nucleic acids by transferring contaminating proteins and lipids into an organic phase consisting in part of hydroxylated benzene."]}

tossups/2f/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b2f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.52],[8.64,16.88],[17.0,25.44],[25.56,31.6],[31.72,37.04],[37.16,40.08],[40.2,44.72]],"texts":["In the laboratory, this substance is used to pre-wet PVDF membranes for western blotting, and the transfer buffer for that procedure is 20% this substance.","The product of the reaction between this compound and hydrogen iodide is bound to an iridium-containing catalyst in the first step of the Cativa process, which carbonylates this compound.","Reacting this compound with isobutylene creates the anti-knock agent MBTE, and it is also used to trans-esterify triglycerides to form biodiesel.","Ingesting this compound can cause high anion-gap acidosis and blindness, which is prevented by inhibiting ALDH.","This compound can be oxidized twice to create formic acid or once to create formaldehyde.","It was originally distilled form wood by Robert Boyle.","For 10 points, name this simplest alcohol with formula CH2OH."]}

tossups/2f/62df8012e66cc66ca571d12f.json

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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.68],[4.8,11.4],[11.52,16.76],[16.88,25.76],[25.88,30.24],[30.36,36.6]],"texts":["This artist painted his wife Georgette reclining nude with a conch shell on her stomach in Olympia.","He painted a self portrait of himself looking at an egg and painting a bird, and another work in which a cage is filled with a giant egg.","This artist depicted a copy of Arthur Pym on the mantle in his painting Not To Be Reproduced.","He painted simple objects like a bow, a candle, and a mirror below the title figure of The Reckless Sleeper, and depicted a painting merging into the background in The Human Condition.","He painted men falling from the sky in one work, and a train emerging from a fireplace in another.","For 10 points, name this surrealist artist of Time Transfixed who painted an apple covering a face in The Son of Man."]}

tossups/2f/62df83920c3a38102cd7572f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.8],[6.92,12.68],[12.8,18.56],[18.68,22.88],[23.0,26.76],[26.88,35.32]],"texts":["Deriving this equation in general requires the assumption that normal stresses sum to zero, which is a hypothesis named for one of this equation's namesakes;","that hypothesis allows the usual right-hand side of this equation to be written as the divergence of the stress tensor.","Including a magnetostatic body force term on the aforementioned right-hand side results in the MHD equations.","In the high-deformability limit, this equation reduces to the Euler equation.","Using the pi theorem on the usual form of this equation yields the Reynolds number.","For 10 points, name this vector equation that governs the motion of continuous Newtonian fluids and that has solvability conditions that are an important open question in physics."]}

tossups/2f/62df83920c3a38102cd75a2f.json

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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.2],[4.32,9.64],[9.76,16.96],[17.08,24.88],[25.0,33.48]],"texts":["This book was published in response to the success of a similar book by John Evelyn.","The narrator of this book explicitly describes his affair with Deborah Willet, and is married to Elizabeth Saint Michel.","It was written in a system developed by Thomas Shelton, and describes General Harrison \"looking as cheerful as any man could look\" after being hanged, drawn, and quartered.","This book details its author's time on the Navy Board during the Second Anglo-Dutch War, and contains firsthand accounts of the Great Plague and Great Fire of London.","For 10 points, name this account of the years 1660 to 1669, the primary personal journal about daily life during the English Restoration."]}

tossups/2f/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb3782f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.76],[5.88,9.36],[9.48,14.48],[14.6,17.92],[18.04,24.96],[25.08,28.24],[28.36,33.0]],"texts":["This artist recorded the construction of skyscrapers from the perspective of his apartment in Looking Northwest from the Shelton.","He created a series of images of clouds he called Equivalents.","In one of his works, a driver gives water to his steaming horses in front of a post office in Harlem.","To display his work, he created the gallery 291.","In another of his works, which depicts the S.S. Kaiser Wilhelm, a white gangplank separates the upper and lower decks of a ship headed to Europe.","This man's photographs include The Terminal and The Steerage.","For 10 points, name this husband of Georgia O'Keefe, a leader of the Photo-Secessionist movement."]}

tossups/2f/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a2f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.88],[6.0,12.76],[12.88,17.8],[17.92,25.6],[25.72,29.84],[29.96,34.12]],"texts":["This author wrote a story in which a drunken Ulysses S. Grant confuses Robert E. Lee for Robert Browning at Appomattox.","In another of this man's works, the title character says \"Puppy biscuit\" out loud while going into the A&P store.","That title character says, \"To hell with the handkerchief,\" as he is about to be shot at the end of the story.","This author wrote about Mister Martin's plot to get rid of obnoxious Dodgers fan Ulgine Barrows in \"The Catbird Seat.\" In his most famous story,","the title character imagines himself as a flying ace and a brilliant surgeon.","For 10 points, name this humorist, who wrote \"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty.\""]}

tossups/2f/62df8ab610329be735a33f2f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.12],[7.24,16.72],[16.84,21.08],[21.2,29.68],[29.8,37.88]],"texts":["This poet asked, \"Can't I use my wit as a pitchfork to drive the brute off?\" in a poem depicting middle-class work as the title creature.","In another poem, he described \"a shape less recognizable each week, a purpose more obscure,\" noting, \"I take off my cycle-clips in awkward reverence\" upon entering the title location.","This poet of \"Toads\" described \"everyone young going down the long slide to happiness,","endlessly,\" in a poem that begins by imagining a girl \"taking pills or wearing a diaphragm.\" His most famous poem concludes by advising, \"Get out as early as you can,","and don't have any kids yourself.\" For 10 points, name this gloomy British poet of \"Church Going,\" \"High Windows,\" and \"This Be the Verse.\""]}

tossups/2f/62df8ab610329be735a3402f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.4],[6.52,10.48],[10.6,18.64],[18.76,20.76],[20.88,27.68],[27.8,32.8]],"texts":["Anne Treisman added a dictionary to Donald Broadbent's \"filter model\" of this concept to create her own \"attenuation model\" of it.","This resource is required more for \"top-down\" than for \"bottom-up\" tasks.","Colin Cherry's experiments on this capacity led him to identify the \"cocktail party problem.\" Tests that measure this faculty may make use of the Stroop Effect,","in which it is hindered by a bottleneck.","Daniel Simons conducted a seminal experiment on this ability in which attendants of a basketball game did not report seeing a man in a gorilla suit.","For 10 points, name this concept from cognitive psychology that is weakened in a namesake \"deficit disorder.\""]}

tossups/2f/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba9612f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.88],[5.0,11.32],[11.44,14.96],[15.08,22.64],[22.76,29.6]],"texts":["At one point in this work, a character notes that they add soy sauce to water in order to make a broth.","Towards the end of this play, the protagonist compares the world to an inferno, and notes that humans killed Christ and freed robbers.","In this play, a cook cooks all the nourishment out of food before serving it.","The wheelchair bound Old Man Hummel is revealed to have drowned the Milkmaid after she witnessed him commit a crime, and the Colonel's Wife is a mummy that lives in a closet.","For 10 points, name this Strindberg play about Arkenholz's interactions with the dead inhabitants of a house, which takes its name from a Beethoven work."]}

tossups/2f/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba9622f.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.2],[5.32,11.8],[11.92,16.56],[16.68,24.44],[24.56,32.96]],"texts":["He's not Heisenberg, but this scientist names a slightly stronger form of the Robertson uncertainty relation.","Density matrix formalism can be used to derive the Liouville-von Neumann equation, which is equivalent to one of this scientist's statements.","A fundamental postulate due to this scientist describes the evolution of a wavefunction over time.","If a system's Hamiltonian is time-independent, an alternative version of that equation may be formulated as E psi equals H psi.","For 10 points, identify this Austrian scientist, whose opposition to the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics was manifested as a felicidal thought experiment."]}

tossups/46/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1b46.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.64],[3.76,8.2],[8.32,12.24],[12.36,19.24],[19.36,25.68],[25.8,32.12],[32.24,37.52],[37.64,41.8]],"texts":["In Hesiod's Theogony, this figure is the mother of Latinus.","In the Apollonius of Rhodes's Argonautica, this figure comforts her niece Medea.","In Ovid's Metamorphoses, this figure is defeated by Eurylochus.","Some of this figure's jealous fits resulted in the a King of Latium being turned into a bird and the love interest of Glaucus being turned into a monster.","In one story, after this figure's son kills her former lover, she marries that former lover's son; that work is the Telegony.","This figure tells one hero how to travel to the underworld and to speak with Tiresias about how to overturn one of Poseidon's curses.","Hermes travelled to Aiaia to deliver moly to a hero who would proceed to sleep with this figure for a year.","For 10 points, name this enchantress who turns Odysseus's men into pigs."]}

tossups/46/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a5846.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.56],[3.68,9.44],[9.56,18.04],[18.16,21.36],[21.48,26.8],[26.92,29.64],[29.76,35.36]],"texts":["One border dispute between these two countries was begun by Lyman Cutlar.","Another, the result of differing interpretations of a certain hydrological feature, was over the Republic of Indian Stream.","Another border dispute between these two countries was fought over a major potato-producing region, and the Northwest Angle is a surveying anomaly along the border between the two countries.","The Rush-Bagot treaty fixed the border between these two countries.","One popular political slogan wanted to fix the border between these two countries at \"fifty-four forty or fight\".","These two countries fought the Arostook War and the Pig War.","For ten points, name these two countries whose border includes sections in which Washington adjoins British Columbia."]}

tossups/46/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8746.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,11.84],[11.96,13.84],[13.96,20.32],[20.44,27.44],[27.56,31.24],[31.36,39.16],[39.28,46.16]],"texts":["In the first conversation in T. S. Eliot's \"Portrait of a Lady,\" it is remarked that this man's soul \"should be resurrected only among friends.\" An autobiographical novel depicts this man and his family staying in the charterhouse of Valdemossa,","hoping his tuberculosis would improve.","His letters recount a failed engagement to a woman named Maria, after which he traveled to London with Camille Pleyel.","A Cyprian Norwid poem depicts an incident in which an object owned by this man was thrown out of a window in January 1863.","A vacation with this man is recounted in the novel Winter in Majorca.","Amusingly, a work by this non-Wagner musician is performed by Mademoiselle Reisz in a novel by an American author who surname is spelled the same way,","and who also wrote \"Desiree's Baby.\" For 10 points, name this musically talented lover of George Sand, a native of Poland."]}

tossups/46/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aec46.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.12],[4.24,12.64],[12.76,17.32],[17.44,22.88],[23.0,29.0],[29.12,34.4],[34.52,38.44],[38.56,41.64]],"texts":["This city contains an iconic pink neon car wash sign shaped like an elephant.","Five sculptures of flowers with solar panels sit outside a Minoru Yamasaki-designed building complex in this city, which features several tall white arches.","Fluorescent yellow escalators lead one into the Living Room of another building in this city.","That building in this city utilizes a \"Books Spiral\" to display its nonfiction collection.","A building in this city was designed based on the shape of a guitar and contains a live music venue which pays homage to Jimi Hendrix.","This city contains a Rem Koolhaas-designed library and Frank Gehry's Experience Music Project.","Many buildings in this city were built for the 1962 World's Fair.","For 10 points, name this city which contains the Space Needle."]}

tossups/46/62df3ddba2602b93e0408046.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.52],[7.64,12.56],[12.68,18.56],[18.68,23.76],[23.88,27.92],[28.04,33.36],[33.48,38.76],[38.88,42.64]],"texts":["The article outlining this theory cited survey data by Elinor Ostrom as supporting the idea that resources must be devoted to supporting community needs.","A 2008 paper by Keizer et al in Science reported six field experiments in support of it,","though articles by Harcourt and Ludwig cited data from Housing and Urban Development relocation projects as evidence against it.","It has also been criticized for neglecting to consider alternative causes such as abortion by Steven Leavitt.","This theory was initially described in an Atlantic Monthly article by Wilson and Kelling,","and developed out of an experiment concerning abandoned vehicles in the Bronx and Palo Alto conducted by Zimbardo.","Many attribute reduced crime in New York in the 1990s to the implementation of this theory by Rudy Giuliani.","For 10 points, name this theory that decreasing disorder will reduce crime."]}

tossups/46/62df7ca243aee49db2f76946.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.72],[4.84,9.96],[10.08,15.72],[15.84,20.72],[20.84,26.36],[26.48,31.64],[31.76,38.0]],"texts":["This literary work's title character throws a cannon into the sea for being a dishonorable weapon.","One character in this work is saved on the island of Ebuda, after which she gets an invisibility-granting ring.","That woman in this 46-section work carves her name in a tree next to Medoro's name before they elope to India.","This work follows up on an unfinished epic about the title character in love, by Matteo Boiardo.","A home for lost objects is found on the moon in this work, which Astolfo reaches by flying Elijah's chariot there.","In this poem, Ruggiero rides a hippogriff as he rescues Angelica, a woman who jilts the title knight.","For 10 points, name this Italian epic about a paladin of Charlemagne gone mad, by Ludovico Ariosto."]}

tossups/46/62df7ca243aee49db2f76a46.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.88],[6.0,15.2],[15.32,26.2],[26.32,33.56],[33.68,37.72]],"texts":["Many prefer Ferruccio Busoni's arpeggio-less transcription of this piece to the comparably popular one by Carl Tausig.","Different theories posit that this piece was originally written for unaccompanied violin and that its unusual features owe to the limitations of an instrument the composer had to work with in Anhalt-Cothen.","A different piece with the same name, key, and composer as this one is nicknamed the \"Dorian.\" This piece begins with a mordant A in both hands, followed by a rapid descending G-F-E-D-C sharp,","then D. The contrapuntal second title portion of this D minor piece is interspersed with the more virtuosic style of the first title section.","For 10 points, name this spooky organ piece composed by J.S. Bach."]}

tossups/46/62df8012e66cc66ca571d046.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.52],[6.64,10.88],[11.0,18.04],[18.16,22.88],[23.0,29.52]],"texts":["Central Asia and China saw the spreading of this belief system's Naqshbandi sect, which is unique for not being derived from religious orders called tariqa.","Followers attempt to attain a state of oneness with God, or self-annihilation, called fana.","Practitioners may also practice dhikr, the recitation of God's names, to activate extra-sensory organs called the Six Subtleties.","The poet Rumi popularized one sect whose ascetic adherents meditate by spinning in circles.","Featuring the Whirling Dervishes and named for the woolen clothes of its adherents, for 10 points, name this mystical Islamic belief system."]}

tossups/46/62df8012e66cc66ca571d246.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.64],[7.76,18.56],[18.68,24.8],[24.92,35.64],[35.76,39.32]],"texts":["This poet wrote of being left alone on the shore because the title vehicle is too small and full in the title poem of his collection Sonar Tori or The Golden Boat.","He asked \"Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake\" in a poem which begins \"where the mind is without fear\" and which he translated into English as \"Prayer.\" In one of his plays,","the emperor separates himself from the world behind an iron curtain to escape a revolution against a mining company lead by Nandini.","In addition to Red Oleanders, this author wrote lines like \"because I love this life, I know I shall love death as well\" in a collection of 103 poems, for which William Butler Yeats wrote a preface.","For 10 points, name this Bengali author of Gitanjali."]}

tossups/46/62df83920c3a38102cd75846.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,2.2],[2.32,5.2],[5.32,10.08],[10.2,16.08],[16.2,23.56],[23.68,25.44],[25.56,33.52]],"texts":["One feature of some of these is extents.","They can use index, linked, or contiguous allocation.","Fully journaled ones allow for optimal fault recovery, but many only journal metadata.","Unix-like ones often use inodes and, like databases, arrange data using variations on B-trees.","Commonly, their basic units are called clusters and blocks; if the units corresponding to a given item are scattered in one, that one is fragmented.","They must be mounted before use.","For 10 points, name these protocols for organizing data on storage devices like hard drives, examples of which include Reiser, ext2 and 3, and FAT."]}

tossups/46/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37946.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.48],[10.6,15.44],[15.56,19.2],[19.32,21.28],[21.4,23.76],[23.88,28.88],[29.0,33.0],[33.12,37.32]],"texts":["The law of this system states that n times p is equal to n-sub-i squared times e to the q times V-sub-A over k T. A hyperabrupt form of this system is used in varactors.","This system undergoes two types of capacitance: diffusion and its namesake type.","A plot of the current density of this system looks like a pair of scissors.","It contains a single space-charge region.","The first solar cells were based on this system.","Increasing the doping on one side of this system pushes the depletion region further into the other side.","This system can be in equilibrium or forward or reverse bias.","For 10 points, identify this system upon which simple diodes are based."]}

tossups/46/62df8ab610329be735a33e46.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.76],[5.88,11.4],[11.52,17.2],[17.32,23.48],[23.6,28.72],[28.84,36.32]],"texts":["At one point in this film, a group of women dressed as soldiers help load a cannon before they all wave their hats together.","One man in this film places his umbrella into the ground, upon which it promptly turns into a giant mushroom.","Thomas Edison made secret copies of this film, earning a fortune off of it while its European director went bankrupt.","Its most iconic scene features an object shaped like a face slowly getting closer to the viewer until a bullet-shaped vessel hits its eye.","This film begins at a conference where a group of skeptical astronomers eventually approve the title event.","For 10 points, name this science-fiction film directed by Georges Melies, a pioneering film in the genre about an expedition to Earth's only satellite."]}

tossups/46/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95646.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.88],[8.0,16.48],[16.6,27.08],[27.2,34.2],[34.32,39.96],[40.08,45.72],[45.84,51.36]],"texts":["The protagonist of one work in this genre briefy works for the water purifcations expert Doctor Irving and is given a new name by Captain Michael Henry Pascal.","In another book in this genre, the protagonist defeats Tibaut in hand-to-hand com-bat even though Tibaut has an axe, afer he was drugged by Brown and Hamilton in Washington DC.","The narrator uses the term the \"loophole of retreat\" to refer to a seven-year period she lived in a cramped attic in one of these works that fctionalizes writer Nathaniel Parker Willis as the character Mister Bruce.","In that book the protagonist sleeps with Mister Sands to avoid being raped by Doctor Flint, and the author wrote it under the pseudonym Linda Brent.","One example of this genre was written by Gustavus Vassa, also known as Olaudah Equiano.","The most famous work of this genre mentions Sophia Auld teaching the protagonist how to read afer he moves to Baltimore.","For 10 points, identify this genre of literature that includes memoirs by Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglass."]}

tossups/46/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95846.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.64],[6.76,16.28],[16.4,19.28],[19.4,24.4],[24.52,28.24],[28.36,36.96],[37.08,38.12],[38.24,44.2],[44.32,49.88],[50.0,55.76]],"texts":["The frst movement of one symphony by this composer contains a second subject stated in E minor by the clarinet against two futes,","and a coda sustained over a bass playing an unchanging E. Another symphony by this composer begins with string tremolos, followed by a solo horn sounding the phrase B-fat-E-fat-B-fat,","followed by C-fat-E-fat-B-fat.","Despite the pres-ence of six question marks and the words \"not valid\" in the score of one of this man's symphonies,","most people still play the cymbal clash and the triangle at the end of its second movement.","That E-major symphony, which begins with a theme that was supposedly whistled to the composer by his friend in a dream, and later contains a dirge played by four misleadingly-named modifed horns,","was his seventh.","His most famous symphony includes a fortissimo passage in which the orchestra plays two quarter notes followed by a quarter note rhythm,","known as its composer's namesake \"rhythm,\" and includes a 2/4 \"Hunting Scherzo\" as its third movement.","For 10 points, name this Austrian composer who idolized Wagner and composed the Roman-tic fourth symphony."]}

tossups/46/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95946.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.24],[8.36,18.16],[18.28,33.8],[33.92,38.2],[38.32,46.16]],"texts":["One poem in this language was written in response to a Napoleonic decree that banned the living from visiting graves and dictated set distances between cemeteries and inhabited areas.","In addition to \"On Sepulchres\", Ezra Pound translated another poem from this language that begins, \"Who is she coming, drawing all men's gazes, who makes the air one trembling clarity\".","Another poem in this language describes Love visiting the poet afer he has a dream of a fgure telling him \"Ego dominuus tuus\" or \"I am your Lord.\" That poem in this language appears in a work that ends with the speaker resolving to stop writing about his beloved until he can write \"of her what has never been said of any woman\",","and that work begins with the statement,\"In that book which is my memory on the frst page . . .","Appears the words Here begins a new life.\" For 10 points, name this language whose notable poets include Guido Cavalcanti and Dante."]}

tossups/46/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b46.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.8],[4.92,9.48],[9.6,16.52],[16.64,22.92],[23.04,32.04],[32.16,41.04],[41.16,45.0]],"texts":["This pope called a synod at Melfi where he controversially appointed the monk Rangerius to the see of Reggio.","He was present at the Siege of Capua, where he conferred special privileges on the uncle of Roger Borsa.","At another synod, this pope received the confession of Eupraxia of Kiev, who claimed that she was forced into orgies and a black mass.","He excommunicated one ruler for his illegal marriage to Bertrade de Montfort, and another ruler for supporting his rival Clement III.","This pope, who presided over the Council of Piacenza, was recorded by Fulcher of Chartres, and was originally a pupil of the man who founded the Carthusian Order, Saint Bruno of Cologne.","This pope agreed to receive the ambassadors of Alexius I Comnenus, after which he gave a speech that evoked the chant \"God wills it!,\" inspiring men like Bohemond of Taranto.","For 10 points, name this Pope who called the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont."]}

tossups/46/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95c46.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.12],[7.24,10.32],[10.44,17.84],[17.96,28.8],[28.92,37.16],[37.28,45.88]],"texts":["This man hypothesized that new matter was poured into our universe from spiral galaxies from other dimensions in his book Astronomy and Cosmogony.","Donald Lynden-Bell derived this astronomer's \"strong\" theorem,","which states that the distribution function of a steady state system with regular orbits can be written exclusively as functions of the action integrals.","He names a quantity that is equal to the square root of fifteen, times Boltzmann's constant, times temperature, all over four pi, times big G, times the mass per particle times mass density.","That quantity named for him is derived by setting the free-fall time equal to the sound-crossing time and determines when his namesake instability will induce structure formation.","For 10 points, name this scientist, who names the critical length under which a molecular cloud will undergo gravitational collapse, thus causing star formation to begin."]}

tossups/46/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95d46.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.4],[3.52,11.76],[11.88,18.28],[18.4,25.44],[25.56,33.96],[34.08,38.72],[38.84,42.8],[42.92,49.64],[49.76,56.24]],"texts":["The toxin streptolysin O works by binding to this compound.","This compound is hydroxylated twice prior to reacting with HSD3B7 in the beginning of an \"acidic pathway\" which converts it to CDCA.","Type C Niemann-Pick disease is typically diag-nosed by filipin staining to detect the presence of this compound.","This compound and its fungal analogue can be removed from cells by nystatin, amphotericin B, or methyl-beta-cyclodextrin.","The enzymes DHCR7 and CYP51 catalyze the biosynthesis of this compound, which is regulated by the transcription factor SREBP-2.","Macrophages which have ingested large amounts of this compound turn into foam cells.","This compound is the starting point for the synthesis of bile acids in the liver.","This compound's synthesis includes intermediates such as mevalonate and squalene and is suppressed by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.","For 10 points, name this steroid whose levels are lowered by statins, which is carried by HDL and LDL in its good and bad forms."]}

tossups/46/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95e46.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.88],[6.0,13.4],[13.52,19.96],[20.08,24.32],[24.44,30.56],[30.68,39.0],[39.12,46.16]],"texts":["Andre de la Vigne wrote four poems in imitation of this book after reading the translation of it by Octavien de Saint-Gelais.","In one part of this book, the speaker attributes his beauty and wit to his mother's vision of giving birth to a \"great flaming torch.\" In another portion,","a youth in this work inscribes the phrase \"I swear by Artemis that I will marry\" on an apple and tosses it by Cydippe's feet.","One of this collection's speakers reminds the boatsman Phaon about the kisses that he once praised.","The twelfth entry in this volume is addressed to a warrior who is warned by his wife not to be the first to disembark from his ship.","Entries in this collection include one in which Laodamia addresses Protesilaus, and the first one, in which Penelope addresses the long absent Ulysses.","For 10 points, name this collection of verse epistles written mostly from the perspective of troubled mythological women, a work of Ovid."]}

tossups/46/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95f46.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.44],[5.56,10.48],[10.6,15.68],[15.8,20.12],[20.24,26.6],[26.72,36.44],[36.56,40.28]],"texts":["The activity of these things is divided into eight types over four quadrants in Joseph McGrath's circumplex model,","and their development is described by the \"Forming Norming Storming Performing\" model of Bruce Tuckman.","These things dysfunction when they meet one of three \"basic assumptions\" proposed by Wilfred Bion.","Action in these things can be ensured using the by-product theory of Mancur Olsen.","Henri Tajfel developed a \"minimal\" paradigm for these things to explain their segregation into \"in\" and \"out\" types.","Kurt Lewin founded the study of the \"dynamics\" of these things, in which conformity due to a desire for unanimity leads to bad decision making, their namesake \"think.\" For 10 points,","name these hopefully-cohesive collections of people who interact."]}

tossups/57/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4e57.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.24],[9.36,14.08],[14.2,20.32],[20.44,25.0],[25.12,31.12],[31.24,35.68]],"texts":["The coincidence of the constellation Libra with an event in which diyas are used to make offerings to this deity is a reason why it is considered auspicious to balance financial accounts under Libra.","In Orissa, white owls are considered good luck because this deity is always accompanied by one.","This deity emerged along with Kamadhenu, Airavata, Varuni and the apsaras during the churning of the ocean of milk.","Families may clean their houses in order to appease this goddess and bring wealth to the household.","This goddess, who is typically depicted as \"Padma\" standing on a lotus, is the dedicatee of Diwali.","For 10 points, name this goddess of knowledge and fortune who chose Vishnu as her consort."]}

tossups/65/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1b65.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.16],[7.28,12.56],[12.68,17.28],[17.4,21.16],[21.28,29.04],[29.16,31.92],[32.04,40.0]],"texts":["A 2008 report confirmed what historians had long suspected: that this person had ordered the poisoning of a ruler who died a day before this person's own death.","This ruler once shared power with a former colleague and the Prince of Gong in a government based in the Zongli Yamen.","This ruler siphoned large amounts from the naval construction fund to expand the Summer Palace.","The traditional civil service examinations were stopped under this person's orders.","Ronglu, a general loyal to this ruler led forces that forced Kang Youwei into exile and placed the Guangxu Emperor under house arrest to end of the Hundred Days' Reform.","This person publicly backed the Boxer Uprising.","For 10 points, name this woman who had de facto control of China for half a century through her position as Empress Dowager during the late Qing dynasty."]}

tossups/65/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1c65.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.88],[9.0,12.68],[12.8,18.12],[18.24,20.68],[20.8,25.44],[25.56,33.32],[33.44,39.28]],"texts":["One figure with this name chased away the armies of Amalickah after raising the \"Title of Liberty.\" The eighth chapter of this figure's namesake book speaks out against the baptism of children.","Statues of this figure are based on one created by Cyrus Edwin Dallin.","This figure appeared to Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, and Martin Harris, who were known as the Three Witnesses.","This man's people were slaughtered by the Lamanites.","This figure hid the Sword of Laban on Cumorah Hill and was the last prophet of the Nephites.","This supernatural figure directed a human to use the seer stones Urim and Thummim to translate, from \"reformed Egyptian,\" a pair of golden plates.","For 10 points, name this supernatural figure who appeared to Joseph Smith, an angel in Mormon doctrine."]}