| --- |
| dataset_info: |
| - config_name: de |
| features: |
| - name: word |
| dtype: string |
| - name: gloss |
| dtype: string |
| - name: gold_glosses |
| sequence: string |
| - name: base |
| dtype: string |
| - name: affix |
| sequence: string |
| - name: function |
| dtype: string |
| - name: derived_freq |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: base_exposure |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: status |
| dtype: string |
| - name: dictcc_tags |
| sequence: string |
| - name: segmentation |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: train |
| num_bytes: 2202109 |
| num_examples: 8709 |
| - name: dev |
| num_bytes: 288766 |
| num_examples: 1015 |
| - name: test_unseen_basehigh |
| num_bytes: 106677 |
| num_examples: 376 |
| - name: test_unseen_baselow |
| num_bytes: 144077 |
| num_examples: 526 |
| - name: test_seen_basehigh |
| num_bytes: 268386 |
| num_examples: 882 |
| - name: test_seen_baselow |
| num_bytes: 134996 |
| num_examples: 434 |
| download_size: 1636638 |
| dataset_size: 3145011 |
| - config_name: en |
| features: |
| - name: word |
| dtype: string |
| - name: gloss |
| dtype: string |
| - name: gold_glosses |
| sequence: string |
| - name: base |
| dtype: string |
| - name: affix |
| sequence: string |
| - name: function |
| dtype: string |
| - name: derived_freq |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: base_exposure |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: status |
| dtype: string |
| - name: dictcc_tags |
| sequence: string |
| - name: wiktionary_tags |
| sequence: string |
| - name: segmentation |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: train |
| num_bytes: 3169003 |
| num_examples: 13715 |
| - name: dev |
| num_bytes: 533765 |
| num_examples: 1892 |
| - name: test_unseen_basehigh |
| num_bytes: 405963 |
| num_examples: 1494 |
| - name: test_unseen_baselow |
| num_bytes: 398235 |
| num_examples: 1508 |
| - name: test_seen_basehigh |
| num_bytes: 235910 |
| num_examples: 605 |
| - name: test_seen_baselow |
| num_bytes: 120271 |
| num_examples: 295 |
| download_size: 2313761 |
| dataset_size: 4863147 |
| - config_name: fr |
| features: |
| - name: word |
| dtype: string |
| - name: gloss |
| dtype: string |
| - name: gold_glosses |
| list: string |
| - name: base |
| dtype: string |
| - name: affix |
| dtype: string |
| - name: function |
| dtype: string |
| - name: derived_freq |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: base_exposure |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: status |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: train |
| num_bytes: 2035556 |
| num_examples: 10600 |
| - name: dev |
| num_bytes: 371331 |
| num_examples: 1475 |
| - name: test_unseen_basehigh |
| num_bytes: 93897 |
| num_examples: 384 |
| - name: test_unseen_baselow |
| num_bytes: 147039 |
| num_examples: 646 |
| - name: test_seen_basehigh |
| num_bytes: 301375 |
| num_examples: 1114 |
| - name: test_seen_baselow |
| num_bytes: 223518 |
| num_examples: 873 |
| download_size: 2010995 |
| dataset_size: 3172716 |
| - config_name: tr |
| features: |
| - name: word |
| dtype: string |
| - name: gloss |
| dtype: string |
| - name: gold_glosses |
| sequence: string |
| - name: base |
| dtype: string |
| - name: affix |
| dtype: string |
| - name: function |
| dtype: string |
| - name: derived_freq |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: base_exposure |
| dtype: int64 |
| - name: status |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: train |
| num_bytes: 848753 |
| num_examples: 5523 |
| - name: dev |
| num_bytes: 116400 |
| num_examples: 674 |
| - name: test_unseen_basehigh |
| num_bytes: 70010 |
| num_examples: 403 |
| - name: test_unseen_baselow |
| num_bytes: 27184 |
| num_examples: 172 |
| - name: test_seen_basehigh |
| num_bytes: 163023 |
| num_examples: 824 |
| - name: test_seen_baselow |
| num_bytes: 14233 |
| num_examples: 84 |
| download_size: 664315 |
| dataset_size: 1239603 |
|
|
| configs: |
| - config_name: de |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: de/train-* |
| - split: dev |
| path: de/dev-* |
| - split: test_unseen_basehigh |
| path: de/test_unseen_basehigh-* |
| - split: test_unseen_baselow |
| path: de/test_unseen_baselow-* |
| - split: test_seen_basehigh |
| path: de/test_seen_basehigh-* |
| - split: test_seen_baselow |
| path: de/test_seen_baselow-* |
| - config_name: en |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: en/train-* |
| - split: dev |
| path: en/dev-* |
| - split: test_unseen_basehigh |
| path: en/test_unseen_basehigh-* |
| - split: test_unseen_baselow |
| path: en/test_unseen_baselow-* |
| - split: test_seen_basehigh |
| path: en/test_seen_basehigh-* |
| - split: test_seen_baselow |
| path: en/test_seen_baselow-* |
| - config_name: fr |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: fr/train-* |
| - split: dev |
| path: fr/dev-* |
| - split: test_unseen_basehigh |
| path: fr/test_unseen_basehigh-* |
| - split: test_unseen_baselow |
| path: fr/test_unseen_baselow-* |
| - split: test_seen_basehigh |
| path: fr/test_seen_basehigh-* |
| - split: test_seen_baselow |
| path: fr/test_seen_baselow-* |
| - config_name: tr |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: tr/train-* |
| - split: dev |
| path: tr/dev-* |
| - split: test_unseen_basehigh |
| path: tr/test_unseen_basehigh-* |
| - split: test_unseen_baselow |
| path: tr/test_unseen_baselow-* |
| - split: test_seen_basehigh |
| path: tr/test_seen_basehigh-* |
| - split: test_seen_baselow |
| path: tr/test_seen_baselow-* |
| --- |
| |
| # MorphBench Task 6 — Complex-Word Definition (EN / DE / FR / TR) |
|
|
| Given a morphologically complex word, generate its dictionary definition: |
|
|
| ``` |
| define word=<word> -> → gloss |
| ``` |
|
|
| One config per language. Derivations come from **UniMorph**, glosses from the |
| **Wiktionary edition of that language**. |
|
|
| ```python |
| from datasets import load_dataset |
| d = load_dataset("yuanxin112/morphbench-task6-final", "en") # or "de" / "fr" |
| d["test_unseen_basehigh"][0] # or "de" / "fr" / "tr" |
| ``` |
|
|
| ## Splits |
|
|
| | | EN | DE | FR | TR | |
| |---|---:|---:|---:||---:| |
| | `train` | 13,715 | 8,709 | 10,600 | 5,523 | |
| | `dev` | 1,892 | 1,015 | 1,475 | 674 | |
| | `test_unseen_basehigh` **← headline** | **1,494** | **376** | **384** | **403** | |
| | `test_unseen_baselow` | 1,508 | 526 | 646 | 172 | |
| | `test_seen_basehigh` | 605 | 882 | 1,114 | 824 | |
| | `test_seen_baselow` | 295 | 434 | 873 | 84 | |
| | **total** | **19,509** | **11,942** | **15,092** | **7,680** | |
|
|
| Cell membership in EN/DE was re-tiered on 2026-09-17: `base`/`affix` now carry the |
| deepest UniMorph decomposition (new `segmentation` column, `affix` is a list) and |
| `base_exposure` was recomputed for the deeper roots, moving rows whose tier crossed |
| the cut. FR is untouched. Results on the pre-2026-09-17 cells are not comparable to |
| the new cell sizes. |
| Splits are **word-family disjoint** — a union-find over the derivation graph |
| puts every member of a family on the same side, so a model cannot be trained on |
| one relative and tested on another. |
|
|
| ## The exposure grid |
|
|
| The test side crosses two axes, both measured on the corpus the evaluated |
| models were actually pretrained on: |
|
|
| * **`derived_freq`** — occurrences of the whole word. Case-folded, and counting |
| its hyphenated spelling and its inflected forms, so `unseen` means the lexeme |
| never appeared in *any* form. `unseen` = 0, `seen` = 1+. |
| * **`base_exposure`** — substring exposure of the base over corpus types seen |
| ≥ 5 times. |
|
|
| **Headline = `test_unseen_basehigh`**: the model has never seen the word but has |
| seen its base, so it has to compose base + affix. |
|
|
| ## Per-language parameters |
|
|
| | | EN | DE | FR | TR | |
| |---|---|---|---|---| |
| | pretraining corpus | BabyLM `babylm_strict_small` (clean_v7) | BabyLM `babylm_deu_10m` | BabyLM `babylm_fra_10m` | BabyLM `babylm_tur_10m` (official babylm-tur core + OPUS TED2020/QED + Wikipedia tr) | |
| | corpus tokens | 9,299,870 | 9,909,390 | 10,734,109 | 9,640,149 | |
| | `base_exposure` cut | 50 | 53 | 58 | 52 | |
| | per million | 5.38 | 5.35 | 5.40 | 5.39 | |
| | `wordfreq` zipf floor on the base | 2.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | |
| | affixes / function labels | 60 / 32 | 154 / 40 | 144 / 30 | 26 / 26 | |
| | eval rows with >1 reference | 51% | 37% | 59% | 30% | |
| | built by | `scripts/en/wiktionary/26_build_task6_definition.py` | `scripts/deu/wiktionary/26_build_task6_definition_deu.py` | `scripts/fra/wiktionary/26_build_task6_definition_fra.py` | `scripts/tur/wiktionary/26_build_task6_definition_tur.py` | |
|
|
| ## Multi-reference scoring |
|
|
| `gold_glosses` holds up to 3 Wiktionary senses, with |
| `gold_glosses[0] == gloss`, the single SFT target. Sense 1 is often not the |
| sense a model would reasonably produce, so generation metrics should score |
| against every reference and keep the best. |
|
|
| It is a scoring field, populated for `dev` and the four test splits only; on |
| `train` it always holds just the target, in all four languages. |
|
|
| ⚠️ Reference counts are **not balanced across cells** — the `seen` cells carry |
| more senses, so the multi-reference lift is larger there. Report the |
| single-reference number alongside, or the exposure contrast will look bigger |
| than it is. |
|
|
| ## Licence |
|
|
| UniMorph is CC-BY-SA; Wiktionary text is CC-BY-SA 3.0, so this dataset inherits |
| CC-BY-SA 4.0. |
