Datasets:

yuiseki
/

estat-census-mesh-2020

Error code:   FeaturesError
Exception:    UnicodeDecodeError
Message:      'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0x81 in position 588: invalid start byte
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/split/first_rows.py", line 244, in compute_first_rows_from_streaming_response
                  iterable_dataset = iterable_dataset._resolve_features()
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 4523, in _resolve_features
                  features = _infer_features_from_batch(self.with_format(None)._head())
                                                        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2768, in _head
                  return next(iter(self.iter(batch_size=n)))
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2972, in iter
                  for key, pa_table in ex_iterable.iter_arrow():
                                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2483, in _iter_arrow
                  yield from self.ex_iterable._iter_arrow()
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 547, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in iterator:
                                       ^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 430, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.generate_tables_fn(**gen_kwags):
                                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/text/text.py", line 98, in _generate_tables
                  batch = f.read(self.config.chunksize)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/utils/file_utils.py", line 839, in read_with_retries
                  out = read(*args, **kwargs)
                File "<frozen codecs>", line 325, in decode
              UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0x81 in position 588: invalid start byte

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estat-census-mesh-2020

The 2020 census (令和2年国勢調査) of Japan, tabulated by 3rd-order grid square (the 1 km mesh, 基準地域メッシュ), as published by the Statistics Bureau of Japan through e-Stat's statistical GIS. 12 tables x 47 prefectures = 564 files, 2,134,320 rows, fetched on 2026-10-11 (the source lists them as updated 2025-10-09).

Source: 政府統計の総合窓口 (e-Stat) 地図で見る統計 (統計GIS), https://www.e-stat.go.jp/gis/statmap-search?page=1&type=1&toukeiCode=00200521&toukeiYear=2020&aggregateUnit=S&serveyId=S002005112020&statsId=T001100.

Credit (出典): 政府統計の総合窓口(e-Stat) (https://www.e-stat.go.jp/), 「令和2年国勢調査」 (総務省統計局). The Parquet files are converted from the source files (encoding, one table per file); credit them as 「令和2年国勢調査」(総務省統計局) を加工して作成.

Two geodetic datums, two sets of tables

The source publishes every table twice: on JGD2000 and on JGD2011. The two are not the same data. The Statistics Bureau says (https://www.stat.go.jp/data/mesh/pdf/ryuijikou.pdf) that the same mesh code can cover a slightly different area in the two datums, so results differ in 20 prefectures: Aomori, Iwate, Miyagi, Akita, Yamagata, Fukushima, Ibaraki, Tochigi, Gunma, Saitama, Chiba, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Niigata, Toyama, Ishikawa, Fukui, Yamanashi, Nagano and Gifu (codes 02 to 21). The cause is the assignment of small areas to meshes (同定, https://www.e-stat.go.jp/help/data-definition-information/downloaddata/help_mesh_2011.pdf): a small area that lies inside one mesh in JGD2000 may straddle two in JGD2011 and is then split between them in proportion. This copy agrees with that list: in each of the six tables exactly those 20 prefectures differ between the two versions (checked file by file), and in the total-population column the number of differing meshes runs from 81 (Fukui) to 2,164 (Miyagi). Each prefecture's total population is the same in both versions, so people are moved between meshes, not added. Meshes with no population have no record, so a few mesh codes exist in only one of the two versions. Do not merge the two versions; choose one and keep to it. The Bureau's own summary pages use JGD2000. The datum column of the table list below says which tables are which.

Layout

raw/2026-10-11/MANIFEST.json                 url, size, sha256, fetch time and row count of every file
raw/2026-10-11/S/<table>/tbl<table>S<pref>.zip   564 files, 116 MB, exactly as e-Stat serves them
parquet/<table>.parquet                      one file per table, 47 prefectures each
parquet/columns.json                         each table's name, datum and the label of every column

The raw files are zips of one cp932 CSV each: a header line of column ids, a line of Japanese column labels, then one row per mesh. KEY_CODE is the 8-digit mesh code. HTKSYORI, HTKSAKI and GASSAN are the source's flags; in the files, HTKSYORI is 0 for most rows and 2 for rows that carry the code of another mesh in HTKSAKI. The Bureau's Q&A says that the values of a mesh too small to publish are hidden (*) and added to a destination mesh whose values then are the sums, so a destination's breakdown does not add up to its total; which flag column marks which is read from the files, not from a definition sheet. * is a hidden value (the total population, households and household members are never hidden). Meshes with no population have no row. The two averages (mean age, median age) have one decimal place, and Y marks a breakdown whose ages are unknown. The Parquet files hold the same cells as strings (nothing is converted, so * is kept), with a prefecture column (the two-digit code) in front.

table	datum	name	columns	rows
`T001100`	JGD2000	人口及び世帯（JGD2000）	54	177,859
`T001107`	JGD2000	人口移動、就業状態等及び従業地・通学地（JGD2000）	98	177,859
`T001140`	JGD2011	人口及び世帯（JGD2011）	54	177,861
`T001143`	JGD2011	人口移動、就業状態等及び従業地・通学地（JGD2011）	98	177,861
`T001171`	JGD2000	５歳階級別人口（JGD2000）	69	177,859
`T001179`	JGD2000	労働力状態、産業分類及び職業分類別人口（１５歳以上）（JGD2000）	115	177,859
`T001180`	JGD2000	住宅の所有及び建て方（JGD2000）	25	177,859
`T001181`	JGD2000	５年前の常住地及び従業地・通学地等（JGD2000）	124	177,859
`T001188`	JGD2011	５歳階級別人口（JGD2011）	69	177,861
`T001189`	JGD2011	労働力状態、産業分類及び職業分類別人口（１５歳以上）（JGD2011）	115	177,861
`T001190`	JGD2011	住宅の所有及び建て方（JGD2011）	25	177,861
`T001191`	JGD2011	５年前の常住地及び従業地・通学地等（JGD2011）	124	177,861

Licence

e-Stat's terms of use (https://www.e-stat.go.jp/terms-of-use) allow copying, redistribution and adaptation, including for commercial use, on condition of the credit above and a note when the data has been processed. The terms are compatible with CC BY 4.0, and the statistical GIS terms (https://www.e-stat.go.jp/gis-terms, article 6) apply the same terms to the data it provides. This dataset is therefore marked CC BY 4.0. The terms add that the government takes no responsibility for what is done with the data, and that content may be changed or deleted without notice.

Collection code: https://github.com/yuiseki/estat-census-mesh-2020 (MIT).

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