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d01_adult__r05_fanny_hill__s01 | I'm interested in a deeply researched history of the 18th-century erotic novel Fanny Hill, but not just a plot summary. What I'd really like to understand is how this single book became a repeated flashpoint in legal and cultural battles over what societies are willing to permit in print, from its earliest suppression ... |
d01_adult__r05_fanny_hill__s02 | I'm interested in understanding the eighteenth-century novel often called Fanny Hill not just as a scandalous book, but as a case study in how a single work can illuminate broader forces of its era and afterlife. I'd like a well-researched brief that explores the circumstances of its creation, including the author's di... |
d01_adult__r05_fanny_hill__s03 | I'm interested in a deep research overview of the eighteenth-century English novel commonly known as Fanny Hill (Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure), but I'd like it to go well beyond a plot summary. Could you situate it within the broader development of the early novel—how its first-person, letter-based storytelling and i... |
d01_adult__r10_american_burlesque__s01 | I'd like a well-researched history of American burlesque that goes beyond simple definitions and traces where it actually came from and how it changed over time. I'm especially curious about the tangle of earlier stage traditions it borrowed from—imported British comic and variety forms, working-class song-and-dance en... |
d01_adult__r10_american_burlesque__s02 | I'd like a thorough research brief on the history of American burlesque as a form of popular entertainment, tracing how it developed from the early 20th century through its decline. I'm especially curious about the business side: how competing theatrical circuits and organized enterprises shaped what audiences saw, how... |
d01_adult__r10_american_burlesque__s03 | I'd like a deep, well-sourced research overview of American burlesque that traces its arc from its rowdy popular-theater origins through its so-called golden age of star striptease performers and up to its late-20th-century revival and continued life today. I'm especially curious about how the form evolved as a piece o... |
d02_art_design__r01_black_mountain_college__s01 | I'm trying to understand the short-lived experimental college in North Carolina that operated from the 1930s into the 1950s and became famous for putting creative and artistic practice at the heart of learning. I'd like a research-oriented report that goes beyond a basic history and instead explains why it emerged when... |
d02_art_design__r01_black_mountain_college__s02 | I'm trying to understand why a small, short-lived experimental college in the American South ended up having such an outsized influence on twentieth-century art and culture. I'd like a research-oriented report centered on Black Mountain College that goes beyond a basic history and instead explores how its unusual educa... |
d02_art_design__r01_black_mountain_college__s03 | I'm trying to put together a well-rounded research brief on Black Mountain College that goes beyond the usual celebration of its famous artists and instead explains how it actually came to exist, evolved, and left a lasting mark. I'm especially curious about the practical circumstances of its founding and its physical ... |
d02_art_design__r03_constructivism_art__s01 | I'm trying to understand Constructivism in art as more than just a style with a bold geometric look, and I'd like a well-researched overview that explains why it emerged when and where it did. Could you trace how it grew out of the broader upheavals in early twentieth-century Russian avant-garde practice and the afterm... |
d02_art_design__r03_constructivism_art__s02 | I'd like a well-researched brief on Constructivism as an art movement that goes beyond describing its style and instead traces how it spread outward and reshaped fields well beyond fine art. I'm especially curious about how the movement moved across national borders, particularly the exchange of ideas between revolutio... |
d02_art_design__r03_constructivism_art__s03 | I'd like a deep, well-researched report on Constructivism as an art movement, but framed around how it emerged from and interacted with the turbulent political and economic conditions of early revolutionary Russia rather than just describing its visual style. I'm especially curious about how the movement's artists tied... |
d03_crime_law__r02_guildford_four_and_maguire_seven__s01 | I'd like a thorough, research-style report on the Guildford Four and Maguire Seven that goes well beyond a summary of who was convicted and later cleared. I'm especially interested in understanding how these wrongful convictions actually happened and why they took so long to overturn. Could you examine the investigativ... |
d03_crime_law__r02_guildford_four_and_maguire_seven__s02 | I'd like a well-researched report on the wrongful convictions of the two groups linked to the mid-1970s pub bombing cases, mostly involving people from Northern Ireland. I'm less interested in a simple retelling of the bombings and more in understanding how the miscarriage of justice happened and why it took so long to... |
d03_crime_law__r02_guildford_four_and_maguire_seven__s03 | I'd like a deeply researched report on the Guildford Four and Maguire Seven that goes beyond a basic retelling and instead examines why this became one of the most influential wrongful-conviction stories in modern British history. I'm especially interested in how the convictions came about in the first place: what pres... |
d03_crime_law__r05_lindbergh_kidnapping__s01 | I'm trying to understand the Lindbergh kidnapping not just as a famous crime but as a case study in how justice was actually built and contested in the 1930s. I'd like a research-style report centered on this case that examines a few connected threads. First, how did the investigation and prosecution assemble their cas... |
d03_crime_law__r05_lindbergh_kidnapping__s02 | I'm trying to understand the Lindbergh kidnapping as more than just a famous crime story, and I'd like a research-oriented report on why this case became such a turning point in how the United States investigated and prosecuted serious crimes. I'm especially curious about how the case reshaped the boundary between stat... |
d03_crime_law__r05_lindbergh_kidnapping__s03 | I'm trying to understand the Lindbergh kidnapping not just as a sensational crime story but as a case that has been argued over for decades. Could you put together a well-researched brief that traces how the investigation actually unfolded, including the roles played by the various family members, intermediaries, oppor... |
d04_education_jobs__r07_highlander_research_and_education_center__s01 | I'm trying to understand the Highlander Research and Education Center as more than just a historic training school in the American South, and I'd like a well-researched report on why it developed the way it did. Could you trace how its founding in the early 1930s grew out of the economic collapse of that era and the wo... |
d04_education_jobs__r07_highlander_research_and_education_center__s02 | I'm trying to understand the deeper significance of the Highlander Research and Education Center and why so many accounts of the mid-twentieth-century struggle for racial justice in the American South seem to trace back to it. Rather than a simple institutional history, I'd like a well-researched analysis of how its di... |
d04_education_jobs__r07_highlander_research_and_education_center__s03 | I'd like a deeply researched history of the Highlander Research and Education Center that treats it as a hub where cultural work, labor organizing, and activism for social change all intersected over many decades. I'm especially curious about how music and singing became tools this place used to build solidarity, and h... |
d04_education_jobs__r08_educational_testing_service__s01 | I'd like a research-oriented brief on the Educational Testing Service that goes beyond describing it as a big exam company and instead treats it as a hub where measurement science was actually developed and refined over the decades. I'm curious how the organization's in-house researchers shaped the intellectual foundat... |
d04_education_jobs__r08_educational_testing_service__s02 | I'm trying to understand the organization known as Educational Testing Service not just as a company that makes exams, but as an institution whose reach shapes education broadly. I'd like a well-researched report on how it grew into such a central player in assessment across school admissions, graduate and professional... |
d04_education_jobs__r08_educational_testing_service__s03 | I'd like a well-researched report on the Educational Testing Service that goes beyond a simple profile and instead examines how its identity as a mission-driven, tax-exempt educational institution has interacted with its very commercial-looking operations. I'm especially curious about the philanthropic and reform-minde... |
d05_entertainment__r05_the_second_city__s01 | I'm trying to understand the deeper story behind The Second City, the famous Chicago comedy theater, and I'd like a well-researched report that goes beyond a simple timeline. I'm especially curious about where its distinctive style of unscripted, ensemble-based comedy actually came from — the earlier teaching methods, ... |
d05_entertainment__r05_the_second_city__s02 | I'm interested in a research-style overview of The Second City that goes beyond a simple company history and instead examines how this improv and sketch comedy institution grew into a launching pad for so many performers, writers, and producers who later shaped television and film. I'd especially like to understand the... |
d05_entertainment__r05_the_second_city__s03 | I'm hoping for a deep, well-researched history of The Second City, the Chicago improv and sketch comedy institution, that goes beyond a simple timeline. I'm especially curious about two things. First, I'd like to understand how its training and performance philosophy shaped generations of performers who later became ho... |
d05_entertainment__r08_lew_grade__s01 | I'm interested in understanding Lew Grade as a television and film mogul, but I want more than a biography. Could you research how his business instincts and production strategies shaped British television's push into international, and especially American, markets during the postwar decades? I'd like to understand how... |
d05_entertainment__r08_lew_grade__s02 | I'd like a well-researched profile of Lew Grade that goes beyond a simple biography and treats him as a lens for understanding the rise and turbulence of commercial television in mid-twentieth-century Britain. I'm curious how he moved from representing performers and booking variety acts into becoming a powerful broadc... |
d05_entertainment__r08_lew_grade__s03 | I'm trying to understand the career of the British entertainment mogul Lew Grade, particularly his transition from television into big-budget international film production during the 1970s and early 1980s. I'd like a well-researched overview that explains how his instincts and financing strategies produced both remarka... |
d06_fashion_beauty__r02_beauty_pageant__s01 | I'm trying to understand beauty pageants as a global phenomenon and would like a research-style report that goes deeper than a simple history. I'm especially curious about how the most prestigious international contests grew out of a handful of early twentieth-century events and became large commercial enterprises, so ... |
d06_fashion_beauty__r02_beauty_pageant__s02 | I'm trying to understand the deep history of beauty pageants, not just the glamorous modern televised competitions but where the whole idea actually came from and how it evolved into what we see today. I'd love a research-style overview that traces the earliest roots of choosing and honoring someone for beauty, going a... |
d06_fashion_beauty__r02_beauty_pageant__s03 | I'm trying to understand beauty pageants as more than just glamorous competitions, and I'd like a research-oriented report that examines them as a contested cultural institution. Specifically, I'm curious about how the standards used to judge contestants reflect deeper assumptions about attractiveness and gender, and h... |
d06_fashion_beauty__r03_mod_subculture__s01 | I'd like a deeply researched history of the Mod subculture that treats it as more than a fashion phenomenon and instead traces where its sensibility actually came from and how it evolved. I'm especially curious about the musical roots that gave the movement its name and identity: how did the tastes of its earliest devo... |
d06_fashion_beauty__r03_mod_subculture__s02 | I'd like a deep research brief on the Mod subculture that goes beyond a surface description and instead treats it as a case study in how a youth movement emerges, gets defined by outsiders, and evolves over time. I'm especially curious about its social origins: who these young people were, what economic and class condi... |
d06_fashion_beauty__r03_mod_subculture__s03 | I'm trying to understand the Mod subculture in Britain as more than just a fashion or music fad, and I'd like a well-researched report that traces where it really came from and why it kept resurfacing across the decades. I'm curious how its name and outlook connected to earlier intellectual and artistic ideas about bei... |
d07_finance_business__r03_john_law_economist__s01 | I'm trying to understand the Scottish economist John Law not just as a colorful biographical figure but as someone whose ideas about money and state finance genuinely mattered. Could you research how his thinking developed and why the ambitious financial arrangement he built in early 18th-century France rose so dramati... |
d07_finance_business__r03_john_law_economist__s02 | I'm trying to understand the economist John Law not just as a historical curiosity but as someone whose ideas and experiments genuinely shaped how we think about money and credit. Could you research how his own theoretical writings about the value of money and paper credit connected to the ambitious financial system he... |
d07_finance_business__r03_john_law_economist__s03 | I've become fascinated by John Law, the Scottish-born economist whose ambitious monetary and financial ideas ended up reshaping early eighteenth-century France, and I'd like a well-researched brief that goes beyond a simple biography. I'm especially curious about how his origins and early financial proposals in his hom... |
d07_finance_business__r05_grameen_bank__s01 | I'm trying to understand the Grameen Bank not just as a famous institution but as an idea about how lending to poor people can actually work. I'd like a research-style report that traces how its founding vision responded to the everyday financial traps faced by the very poor, especially in the countryside, and how its ... |
d07_finance_business__r05_grameen_bank__s02 | I'd like a deep, well-sourced research brief on the Grameen Bank that goes beyond a simple description of how it lends money. I'm especially interested in understanding its origins as a practical experiment born out of academic fieldwork and how it grew from a small pilot effort into a national institution, so please t... |
d07_finance_business__r05_grameen_bank__s03 | I'm trying to understand how a single microfinance institution in Bangladesh grew into something much larger than a lender to the rural poor, and I'd like a research-style report centered on that organization. Beyond its original credit model, I'm curious how it spun off or inspired a whole cluster of affiliated ventur... |
d08_food_dining__r05_horn_hardart__s01 | I'm interested in a deep, research-style history of Horn & Hardart, the once-iconic American restaurant chain, and I'd like to understand it as more than just a nostalgic memory. Could you trace how its founders drew inspiration from an idea observed overseas and adapted it into a distinctly American self-service dinin... |
d08_food_dining__r05_horn_hardart__s02 | I'd like a thorough research brief on Horn & Hardart, the automat restaurant chain, that goes well beyond a simple company history. I'm especially curious about why this style of coin-operated, self-service dining rose to prominence and why it eventually faded. Please explore how broad economic conditions of the early-... |
d08_food_dining__r05_horn_hardart__s03 | I'd like a well-researched cultural history of Horn & Hardart, the automat chain, that goes beyond describing how the vending-style restaurants worked and instead examines why this company became such a durable fixture in American popular imagination. I'm especially curious about how the company built its public presen... |
d08_food_dining__r07_culinary_institute_of_america__s01 | I'd like a well-researched history of the Culinary Institute of America that goes beyond a basic profile and really explains how and why it grew from a modest postwar vocational training effort into a major degree-granting culinary school. I'm especially curious about the circumstances of its founding in the mid-1940s:... |
d08_food_dining__r07_culinary_institute_of_america__s02 | I'm trying to understand the Culinary Institute of America as more than just a famous cooking school, and I'd like a well-researched report on how it grew from a single flagship campus into a multi-site institution spanning different regions of the United States and even an overseas location. I'm especially curious abo... |
d08_food_dining__r07_culinary_institute_of_america__s03 | I'm trying to understand the Culinary Institute of America not just as a well-known cooking school, but as an institution that has evolved over time, and I'd love a well-researched overview centered on it. Specifically, I'm curious how it grew from teaching classic professional kitchen techniques and traditions rooted ... |
d09_games__r03_roguelike__s01 | I'm trying to understand the origins of the roguelike video game genre and would love a well-researched history that goes beyond just listing famous titles. I'm especially curious about how the genre actually came together in the late 1970s and early 1980s: what earlier interactive and exploration-style games inspired ... |
d09_games__r03_roguelike__s02 | I'd like a well-researched report on the roguelike as a genre of computer games, but focused less on a simple definition and more on how it actually took shape and evolved over time. I'm curious about how a single early game spawned a whole family of successor titles, and how the community itself eventually tried to fo... |
d09_games__r03_roguelike__s03 | I'd like a well-researched overview of the roguelike as a video game genre, but one that goes beyond just defining its classic 'permadeath and procedural generation' roots and instead explains how it transformed into one of the most influential design frameworks in modern gaming. I'm especially curious about why this o... |
d09_games__r05_games_workshop__s01 | I'm interested in a well-researched history of Games Workshop that traces how it grew from a very small British startup in the mid-1970s into a major force in hobby gaming. I'd like to understand the founding circumstances and early business model, including how its first modest product line and mail-order approach gav... |
d09_games__r05_games_workshop__s02 | I'm trying to understand the company behind a whole ecosystem of tabletop miniature games and hobby products, and I'd like a research-oriented report centered on Games Workshop rather than any single one of its games. I'm curious about how it grew from making game products into a business built around designing, produc... |
d09_games__r05_games_workshop__s03 | I'd like a deep research brief on Games Workshop that treats it as a business case study rather than just a hobby brand. I'm curious how its ownership and financing evolved over the decades—from private control through changes in who backed and steered it, and eventually to becoming a prominent publicly traded company ... |
d10_hardware__r02_xerox_alto__s01 | I'm trying to understand the Xerox Alto not just as an early personal computer but as a genuine engineering turning point, and I'd like a well-researched brief that explains why its design choices mattered so much for what came later. I'm especially curious about how the machine was actually built out of the electronic... |
d10_hardware__r02_xerox_alto__s02 | I'm trying to understand the Xerox Alto not just as an early machine but as a turning point in how people came to interact with computers. Could you put together a well-researched brief that explains where its most influential ideas actually came from, including the earlier research demonstrations and inspirations that... |
d10_hardware__r02_xerox_alto__s03 | I'm trying to understand the Xerox Alto as more than just an early computer, and I'd like a well-researched report on why it mattered so much even though it never became a mass-market product. I'm especially curious about the research environment and the people and leadership that made its design possible, and how a sm... |
d10_hardware__r03_cray_1__s01 | I'd like a thorough research brief on the Cray-1 that goes beyond a basic product description and treats it as a turning point in high-performance computing. I'm especially curious about why its design choices proved so effective compared to earlier machines that tried to speed up scientific number-crunching but fell s... |
d10_hardware__r03_cray_1__s02 | I'm trying to understand the Cray-1 not just as a famous machine but as a turning point in computing history, and I'd like a research-oriented report that explains why it mattered and how it came to exist. I'm especially curious about the backstory: how the designer's earlier work and frustrations at a previous employe... |
d10_hardware__r03_cray_1__s03 | I'm trying to understand the broader significance of the Cray-1 supercomputer beyond just its technical specifications. What I'd really like is a well-researched brief on who actually competed to acquire and use these early machines and why, and how the diversity of those first customers shaped the way this kind of com... |
d11_health__r03_ignaz_semmelweis__s01 | I'd like a deep, well-sourced research brief on Ignaz Semmelweis that goes beyond a simple biography and treats him as a case study in how medical knowledge is discovered, resisted, and eventually accepted. I'm especially curious about how he moved from observing a puzzling difference in death rates among patients care... |
d11_health__r03_ignaz_semmelweis__s02 | I'd like a deeply researched profile of Ignaz Semmelweis that goes beyond the familiar story of hand-washing and instead examines why his discovery was so hard for his contemporaries to accept and act upon. Please explore the medical worldview that dominated his era, including the older frameworks of illness and the ro... |
d11_health__r03_ignaz_semmelweis__s03 | I'd like a deeply researched profile of Ignaz Semmelweis that treats his life as a case study in how a genuine medical insight can be discovered, resisted, and only slowly vindicated. Please set the stage with the political and institutional world he was born and trained in, including how upheaval and shifting authorit... |
d11_health__r04_john_snow__s01 | I'd like a well-researched historical and analytical profile of John Snow that goes beyond a simple biography and treats him as a turning point in how disease was understood and investigated. I'm especially interested in how he built his argument against the prevailing beliefs of his era about how epidemics spread, and... |
d11_health__r04_john_snow__s02 | I'd like a well-researched profile of John Snow that goes beyond the familiar summary of his life and instead examines his role in the early development of surgical pain relief in mid-nineteenth-century Britain. I'm especially interested in how he moved this practice from risky improvisation toward something more measu... |
d11_health__r04_john_snow__s03 | I'd like a deeply researched brief on John Snow that goes beyond retelling the famous cholera investigation and instead examines why his work became a lasting turning point in how disease and health were understood. I'm especially curious about how his methods of tracing illness to contaminated water challenged the pre... |
d12_history__r08_taiping_rebellion__s01 | I'm trying to understand the Taiping Rebellion not just as a violent nineteenth-century civil war in China but as a movement that emerged from a very particular mix of personal frustration, ethnic and regional identity, and an unusual reworking of foreign religious ideas into something distinctly Chinese. Could you res... |
d12_history__r08_taiping_rebellion__s02 | I'm trying to understand the Taiping Rebellion not just as a chronological event but as a turning point in how mid-19th-century China organized itself militarily and politically. I'd like a research brief that explains why the imperial government's regular armies proved so inadequate and how the crisis pushed authority... |
d12_history__r08_taiping_rebellion__s03 | I'm trying to understand the Taiping Rebellion not just as a single mid-nineteenth-century upheaval but as a turning point that reshaped the trajectory of imperial China and its long transition toward the modern era. Could you research how this rebellion fit into the broader crisis facing the ruling dynasty, especially... |
d12_history__r10_bandung_conference__s01 | I'm trying to understand the 1955 Bandung Conference not just as a single diplomatic event but as a turning point that both grew out of and reshaped the wider political currents of the mid-twentieth century. Could you research how the leaders and newly independent governments who organized and attended it were themselv... |
d12_history__r10_bandung_conference__s02 | I'd like a deep, well-sourced research brief on the 1955 Bandung Conference that treats it as more than a one-off diplomatic gathering. I'm curious how the global tensions of the mid-twentieth century shaped why newly independent states in Asia and Africa felt they needed to meet at all, and how the shared experience o... |
d12_history__r10_bandung_conference__s03 | I'm trying to understand the Bandung Conference not just as a single 1955 meeting but as a turning point whose promises and tensions played out over the following decades. Could you research how the gathering both reflected and reshaped relations among newly independent and still-decolonizing states, paying attention t... |
d13_home_hobbies__r01_royal_horticultural_society__s01 | I'm hoping for a well-researched overview of the Royal Horticultural Society that goes beyond a basic description of what it does and instead explores how it grew into such an influential force in British gardening. I'm especially curious about its network of major flagship gardens across different regions of the count... |
d13_home_hobbies__r01_royal_horticultural_society__s02 | I'd like a deeply researched history of the Royal Horticultural Society that focuses less on what it does today and more on how and why it came into being in the early nineteenth century and how it evolved over its first several decades. I'm curious about the mix of people who founded it—the naturalists, plant enthusia... |
d13_home_hobbies__r01_royal_horticultural_society__s03 | I'd like a well-researched history and analysis of the Royal Horticultural Society that goes beyond a basic profile and instead explains how this organization grew from its early nineteenth-century origins into the influential national institution it is today. I'm especially curious about how it built and sustained its... |
d13_home_hobbies__r03_amateur_radio__s01 | I'd like a well-researched overview of amateur radio that goes beyond a basic hobby description and instead examines how it came to be governed and shaped by layers of rules operating at different scales. I'm especially curious about the relationship between global coordination of the airwaves and national-level rulema... |
d13_home_hobbies__r03_amateur_radio__s02 | I'm trying to understand amateur radio not just as a hobby but as a long evolving communication practice, and I'd like a well-researched overview centered on how its methods of sending information have changed over time. I'm especially curious about the lineage that connects very early hand-keyed and coded signaling to... |
d13_home_hobbies__r03_amateur_radio__s03 | I'm trying to understand amateur radio not just as a technical hobby but as a surprisingly multi-purpose activity, and I'd like a well-researched overview centered on it. What I keep noticing is that the same community seems to span playful competition, disciplined public service during disasters, youth education and o... |
d14_industrial__r05_birmingham_small_arms_company__s01 | I'm trying to understand the full arc of the Birmingham Small Arms Company as a case study in how a private British manufacturer navigated shifting relationships with the state, the military, and the wider armaments industry over roughly a century. I'd like a research-style report that explains why the firm came into b... |
d14_industrial__r05_birmingham_small_arms_company__s02 | I'm trying to understand the long arc of the Birmingham Small Arms Company and would like a well-researched brief that treats the company itself as the central subject. I'm less interested in a simple company profile and more in how a firm that began in one line of manufacturing repeatedly reinvented itself, moving int... |
d14_industrial__r05_birmingham_small_arms_company__s03 | I'm trying to understand the long and complicated corporate story of the Birmingham Small Arms Company, and I'd like a research-oriented report rather than a simple summary. My main interest is how this firm grew from its origins into a sprawling industrial group through a series of mergers, acquisitions, and diversifi... |
d14_industrial__r07_saltaire__s01 | I'm hoping for a well-researched brief on Saltaire that goes beyond describing its mill and streets and instead treats it as a case study in why certain nineteenth-century industrialists chose to build entire planned settlements for their workers. I'd like to understand what economic, moral, and social motivations push... |
d14_industrial__r07_saltaire__s02 | I'm hoping for a well-researched brief on Saltaire, the Victorian-era model industrial village in West Yorkshire, that goes beyond a basic description and instead treats it as a case study in how one industrialist's vision translated into a fully planned community. I'm especially curious about the interplay between the... |
d14_industrial__r07_saltaire__s03 | I'd like a deep, research-style history of Saltaire, the Victorian model village and mill complex in West Yorkshire, that goes well beyond a basic description. I'm especially curious about why it was built the way it was: what social conditions and industrial ambitions of the surrounding region motivated its planned, p... |
d15_literature__r01_hugo_award__s01 | I'd like a well-researched brief on the Hugo Award that goes beyond a basic description and instead examines how it came to be one of the defining honors in its field. I'm curious about the origins of its name and the early publishing and fan culture that shaped it, and how the models of other, more mainstream entertai... |
d15_literature__r01_hugo_award__s02 | I'd like a well-researched report on the Hugo Award that goes beyond a simple description and instead traces how its structure of categories has evolved over the decades. I'm especially curious about how the awards began without formal published rules and then acquired a governing framework, and how new categories were... |
d15_literature__r01_hugo_award__s03 | I'd like a well-researched report on the Hugo Award that treats it less as a list of winners and more as a case study in how a fan-run literary prize has repeatedly become a flashpoint for larger cultural and political conflicts. I'm curious about the recurring pattern where the award's open, community-based nomination... |
d15_literature__r05_new_journalism__s01 | I'm trying to understand New Journalism not just as a label but as a genuine turning point in how American nonfiction was written and received, roughly from the late 1950s through the 1970s. I'd like a research-style overview that explains how a cluster of ambitious reporters and novelists came to borrow the techniques... |
d15_literature__r05_new_journalism__s02 | I'm trying to understand New Journalism not just as a label but as a genuine shift in how American writers reported reality during the mid-twentieth century. Could you research how this movement emerged from earlier traditions of literary and investigative reporting, and how its practitioners deliberately borrowed stor... |
d15_literature__r05_new_journalism__s03 | I'm trying to understand New Journalism not just as a 1960s-70s style of immersive, literary reporting, but as a label with a much longer and more tangled history. I've noticed that the same phrase seems to have been applied decades earlier, on both sides of the Atlantic, to describe controversial newspaper innovations... |
d16_politics__r03_non_aligned_movement__s01 | I'd like a thorough research brief on the Non-Aligned Movement that goes beyond a basic description and really examines why it emerged and how its meaning shifted over time. I'm especially curious about the historical conditions that pushed newly independent and developing states to seek a distinct path in an increasin... |
d16_politics__r03_non_aligned_movement__s02 | I'm trying to understand the origins and early development of the Non-Aligned Movement in a deeper way than a basic overview would give. I'm especially curious about how the movement grew out of the broader wave of decolonization and anti-colonial struggle after World War II, and how the founding leaders—coming from ve... |
d16_politics__r03_non_aligned_movement__s03 | I'd like a deep, well-researched analysis of the Non-Aligned Movement that goes beyond a basic history and instead examines how and why it tried to reshape the international order during and after the Cold War. I'm especially interested in the connections between its political goals and its economic ambitions: how a co... |
d16_politics__r07_treaty_of_waitangi__s01 | I'm trying to understand the Treaty of Waitangi not just as a document signed in 1840 but as the product of a longer chain of events and competing interests, and I'd love a well-researched brief that explains how it came to be and why it turned out the way it did. Could you trace the political and diplomatic groundwork... |
d16_politics__r07_treaty_of_waitangi__s02 | I'm trying to understand the Treaty of Waitangi not just as a historical document but as something whose meaning has been contested ever since it was signed. I'd like a research-focused brief that explains how the treaty came to exist as two versions in different languages, why the act of translating key governance and... |
d16_politics__r07_treaty_of_waitangi__s03 | I'd like a well-researched overview of the Treaty of Waitangi that goes beyond what the document said in 1840 and instead traces how its legal and political meaning has shifted over time. I'm especially curious about how early court rulings once treated it as having little standing, and then how, over the following cen... |
d17_religion__r01_albigensian_crusade__s01 | I'd like a well-researched report on the Albigensian Crusade that goes beyond the sequence of sieges and battles and instead helps me understand why this conflict happened and what deeper forces it exposed. I'm especially curious about the religious movement it was meant to suppress: where its beliefs came from, how th... |
d17_religion__r01_albigensian_crusade__s02 | I'm trying to understand the Albigensian Crusade as more than a list of battles and sieges, and I'd like a well-researched overview centered on it. Could you explain how a religious campaign against a regional dissenting movement ended up transforming the political map of southern France, drawing in church authorities,... |
d17_religion__r01_albigensian_crusade__s03 | I'm trying to understand the Albigensian Crusade not just as a sequence of military campaigns, but as an event whose meaning and consequences kept being reshaped long after it ended. Could you research how this crusade transformed the political landscape of southern France, especially the way it drew the region more ti... |
d17_religion__r05_guru_granth_sahib__s01 | I'm trying to understand the Guru Granth Sahib not just as a sacred book but as something that took shape over generations and eventually came to hold a completely unique kind of authority within its tradition. Could you research how this scripture developed from its earliest compilation through later recensions, focus... |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
DRBenchPro
A Knowledge-Centric Benchmark for Professional Deep Research Agents
Code · Evaluation Guide · Queries · Cases
Overview
DRBenchPro measures how broadly and deeply a research report covers a structured body of knowledge. Starting from Wikipedia root entities, we construct local knowledge graphs and sample research trees. Each sampled tree provides both a research query and evidence-grounded evaluation rubrics.
The evaluated agent receives the query and produces a report using its own research workflow. A separate Judge scores the report against the rubrics; their parent relationships support topology-aware Breadth, Depth, and Overall Coverage metrics. This structure makes coverage across research directions and along knowledge chains explicit.
Dataset Summary
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Domains | 24 |
| Root entities | 48, two per domain |
| Research cases | 144, six per domain |
| Evaluation rubrics | 44,102 |
| Rubrics per case | 236–310 |
| Research directions per case | 10 |
| Maximum rubric depth | 3 |
| Split | test |
All 24 domains
Adult; Art & Design; Crime & Law; Education & Jobs; Entertainment; Fashion & Beauty; Finance & Business; Food & Dining; Games; Hardware; Health; History; Home & Hobbies; Industrial; Literature; Politics; Religion; Science & Technology; Social Life; Software; Software Development; Sports & Fitness; Transportation; Travel.
Dataset Files and Configurations
| HF configuration | File | Rows | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
queries (default) |
queries.jsonl | 144 | Model input: case ID and research query |
cases |
cases.jsonl | 144 | Evaluator reference: query, domain, rubrics, and tree relationships |
Both configurations describe the same 144 cases and use the test split.
The files are uncompressed UTF-8 JSONL, with one complete JSON object per line.
Select queries or cases in the HF data preview to browse the corresponding
records. The full Wikipedia snapshot/index and container image are not included
in this dataset; see the container guide
for the complete research environment.
Give only the query to the model generating the report. Keep the evaluator's rubrics and reference trees out of its context.
Data Format and Example
| Field | Present in | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
case_id |
Both files | Case identifier used to join inputs, reports, and scores |
query |
Both files | Research request given to the evaluated agent |
domain |
cases |
Topic domain |
rubrics |
cases |
Evaluation criteria and their parent relationships |
Each object in rubrics has the following fields:
| Field | Type | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
rubric_id |
string | Rubric identifier, unique within a case |
rubric_text |
string | Knowledge criterion checked by the Judge |
rubric_depth |
integer | Tree level: 1, 2, or 3 |
parent_rubric_id |
string or null | Parent rubric in the same case; null at level 1 |
source_title |
string | Source Wikipedia article title for the relationship |
target_title |
string | Target Wikipedia article title for the relationship |
The following excerpt shows two actual rubrics from one case. The query is shortened to its opening sentence, and the other rubrics are omitted for readability; use the complete files for evaluation.
{
"case_id": "d18_science_technology__r02_international_geophysical_year__s01",
"query": "I'm trying to understand the International Geophysical Year as a turning point in how scientists studied the planet, and I'd like a well-researched brief that goes beyond a simple summary of what it was.",
"domain": "Science & Technology",
"rubrics": [
{
"rubric_id": "rubric_subgraph_01_edge_0006",
"rubric_text": "The report explicitly states or clearly paraphrases that the International Geophysical Year encompassed multiple Earth science disciplines (fourteen in total), establishing it as a project spanning the fields of Earth science.",
"rubric_depth": 1,
"parent_rubric_id": null,
"source_title": "International Geophysical Year",
"target_title": "Earth science"
},
{
"rubric_id": "rubric_subgraph_01_edge_0076",
"rubric_text": "The report explicitly states or clearly paraphrases that geology, a branch of Earth science, is the study of Earth's structure, substance, and processes.",
"rubric_depth": 2,
"parent_rubric_id": "rubric_subgraph_01_edge_0006",
"source_title": "Earth science",
"target_title": "Geology"
}
]
}
Every non-root rubric references one parent at the preceding level. Rubric IDs
are local to a case: identify a criterion using (case_id, rubric_id).
Quick Start
Load and download
Install datasets and huggingface_hub in your Python environment, then load
either configuration:
from datasets import load_dataset
queries = load_dataset("zhuiluozhiji/DRBenchPro", "queries", split="test")
cases = load_dataset("zhuiluozhiji/DRBenchPro", "cases", split="test")
print(queries[0]["case_id"])
print(queries[0]["query"])
To download the original JSONL files for the evaluator:
from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
for filename in ("queries.jsonl", "cases.jsonl"):
hf_hub_download(
repo_id="zhuiluozhiji/DRBenchPro",
repo_type="dataset",
filename=filename,
local_dir="drbenchpro-data",
)
For repeatable experiments, pass the same published commit hash as revision
to both loading and download functions.
Generate reports and evaluate
Use each query with your own model or research system. Save one complete report
per case and system in my-reports.jsonl:
{"case_id":"d18_science_technology__r02_international_geophysical_year__s01","system_id":"my-model","report":"Your complete generated report..."}
Preserve case IDs exactly and JSON-encode newlines inside report strings.
Install the evaluator from the code repository
and configure an OpenAI-compatible Chat Completions Judge using JUDGE_API_KEY,
JUDGE_BASE_URL, and JUDGE_MODEL. Run the following from the directory
containing my-reports.jsonl and the downloaded drbenchpro-data/ directory:
drbenchpro validate-reports --cases drbenchpro-data/cases.jsonl \
--reports my-reports.jsonl --require-full
drbenchpro evaluate --cases drbenchpro-data/cases.jsonl \
--reports my-reports.jsonl --output outputs/my-evaluation
drbenchpro metrics --cases drbenchpro-data/cases.jsonl \
--scores outputs/my-evaluation/scores.jsonl \
--output outputs/my-evaluation/metrics.json \
--csv outputs/my-evaluation/systems.csv \
--case-csv outputs/my-evaluation/cases.csv
This external-report workflow requires no Wikipedia service, GPU, or Docker. The Local Research Framework is an optional report-generation workflow. Judge calls may incur provider charges; report validation and metric calculation do not call models. The evaluation guide documents configuration and resuming interrupted runs.
Evaluation Protocol
The formal CLI uses the English score_only-half Judge prompt, requesting
rubric IDs and scores without reasons. The paper uses Gemini 2.5 Pro as Judge;
using a different Judge can change scores.
| Judge score | Interpretation | Coverage value used by structural metrics |
|---|---|---|
1 |
Satisfied | 1 |
0.5 |
Partially satisfied | 0 |
0 |
Not satisfied | 0 |
Coverage is aggregated from the leaves upward through the rubric tree:
| Metric | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| Breadth | Coverage across the case's research directions |
| Depth | Coverage along related knowledge chains |
| Overall Coverage | sqrt(Breadth × Depth), computed for each case |
System results average each metric across cases separately. Consequently, system Overall Coverage is generally different from the geometric mean of system mean Breadth and mean Depth. Full evaluations require complete report and rubric-score coverage; missing outputs must not be replaced with zeros. See the metric reference for the recursive definitions and aggregation parameters.
Data Sources and Usage Notes
The benchmark is constructed from Wikipedia page relationships/content and generated queries and rubrics. Article titles preserve the source/target relationships used for each criterion. The released cases contain evaluator references; full source-page evidence archives are not included.
DRBenchPro supports comparison of research agents and analysis of structured knowledge coverage. Its scope is English research tasks across the listed domains. Coverage scores characterize performance against these reference trees; they are not a complete assessment of writing quality, factual accuracy, or citation quality. Keep Judge models, prompts, and evaluation settings consistent when comparing systems, and record the dataset revision used.
License and Attribution
Dataset redistribution terms are awaiting selection by the project owner. This card does not grant a data license. The code license and dataset terms must be considered separately; Wikipedia-derived material retains its applicable terms. See the data licensing and attribution notes and Wikimedia Terms of Use. The approved data license and required attribution/provenance information must be supplied for public redistribution.
Citation and Contact
Formal paper citation details and paper/project-page links will be added when available. For now, reference this dataset repository and record the exact revision used in your experiments.
For questions or feedback, open a GitHub issue or contact the corresponding author at syl@zju.edu.cn.
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