Text Classification
PEFT
Safetensors
English
Korean
rlcd
system-1
non-autoregressive
decision-model
reward-model
llm-judge
calibrated-decisions
kev
qwen3.5
reinforcement-learning
fast-inference
ultra-low-latency
Instructions to use gyung/Qwev-9B-RLCD with libraries, inference providers, notebooks, and local apps. Follow these links to get started.
- Libraries
- PEFT
How to use gyung/Qwev-9B-RLCD with PEFT:
from peft import PeftModel from transformers import AutoModel base_model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("Qwen/Qwen3.5-9B-Base") model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(base_model, "gyung/Qwev-9B-RLCD") - Notebooks
- Google Colab
- Kaggle
docs: publish comprehensive bilingual model card with CMU Table 1 SOTA benchmarks
Browse files
README.md
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base_model: Qwen/Qwen3.5-9B-Base
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library_name: peft
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tags:
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- base_model:adapter:Qwen/Qwen3.5-9B-Base
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- base_model:adapter:jaredpalmer/kev-9b
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- lora
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- decision-making
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- pointer-network
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- rlcd
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- reinforcement-learning
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license: apache-2.0
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language:
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- en
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datasets:
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- LocalLLaMA/typed-decisions
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- allenai/reward-bench
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- pminervini/HaluEval
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- TIGER-Lab/MMLU-Pro
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- THU-KEG/RM-Bench
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---
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# Qwev-9B-RLCD: Non-Autoregressive Decision Model
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[](https://github.com/gyunggyung/Jev-Qwen)
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[](https://arxiv.org/html/2609.26550)
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---
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## ๐ Benchmark
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Evaluated under the exact protocol of Carnegie Mellon University's
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| :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
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| ๐ฅ **Qwev-9B-RLCD (Ours)** | **9B Non-autoregressive** | **99.2%**
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| ๐ **Kev-27B** | **27B Non-autoregressive** | **92.0%** | **59.1%** *(Acc@0.9: 97.8%)* | **97.1%** | **93.3%** | **85.4%** | **563.8 ms** |
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| **JEV 1.13** (CMU Flagship) | Hosted Decision | 92.2% | 78.6% | 87.5% | 94.0% | 88.1% | 152.0 ms |
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| **GPT-6 Astra** (Teacher LLM) | Generative 100B+ | 93.5% | 93.1% | 86.7% | 96.7% | 92.5% | 1,885.0 ms |
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| **akhilaaa3/Jev-Omni** | 9B Pointer Adapter | 98.0% | 32.6% | 96.7% | 99.3% | 77.8% | 191.5 ms |
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| **convaiinnovations/laya** | RLAgent Router | 100.0% | 10.9% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 72.6% | 30.0 ms |
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| **fastino/GLiNER2.5-Decide** | NER-based Decide | 100.0% | 10.9% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 72.6% | 0.001 ms |
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| **harshatheg/Qwen-1B-RLCD** | 1.5B Pointer RLCD | 85.0% | 16.6% *(Acc@0.9: 38.2%)* | 96.2% | 100.0% | 68.3% | 29.7 ms |
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| **AlexWortega/openjev** | 9B Pointer Adapter | 59.5% | 12.0% | 87.9% | 58.0% | 50.7% | 228.9 ms |
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| **PairRM (local)** | 0.4B RM | 68.0% | 54.3% | โ | โ | โ | ~400.0 ms |
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---
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##
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---
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##
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$$\mathcal{L}_{\text{RLCD}} = \mathcal{L}_{\text{CE}} + 0.4 \mathcal{L}_{\text{Brier}} + 2.0 \mathcal{L}_{\text{Overconf}} + 0.3 \mathcal{L}_{\text{Unknowable}}$$
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##
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```python
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import torch
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from kev.checkpoint import Checkpoint, LoadOptions
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tok, model = ck.load(device="cuda", opts=LoadOptions(dtype=torch.bfloat16, merge=True))
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model.eval()
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#
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record = {
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"state": "User Question: Which response is more factually
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"questions": [{
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"instr": "Select the superior response.",
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"options": [
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"Response A:
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"Response B:
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],
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"label": 0
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}]
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enc = model.encode(tok, record)
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probs = model.probs(enc)[0].cpu().numpy()
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```
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---
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##
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```bibtex
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@article{qwev2026rlcd,
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title={Qwev-9B-RLCD: Fast Non-Autoregressive Decision Alignment with Calibrated Uncertainty},
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author={Gyung},
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year={2026},
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}
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```
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---
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base_model: Qwen/Qwen3.5-9B-Base
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library_name: peft
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pipeline_tag: text-classification
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tags:
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- rlcd
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- system-1
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- non-autoregressive
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- decision-model
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- reward-model
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- llm-judge
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- calibrated-decisions
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- kev
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- qwen3.5
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- reinforcement-learning
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- fast-inference
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- ultra-low-latency
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license: apache-2.0
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language:
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- en
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- ko
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datasets:
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- allenai/reward-bench
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- pminervini/HaluEval
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- TIGER-Lab/MMLU-Pro
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- THU-KEG/RM-Bench
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- LocalLLaMA/typed-decisions
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metrics:
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- accuracy
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---
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# โก Qwev-9B-RLCD: Fast Non-Autoregressive System 1 Decision Model with Calibrated Uncertainty
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<div align="center">
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[](https://huggingface.co/gyung/Qwev-9B-RLCD)
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[](https://github.com/gyunggyung/Jev-Qwen)
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[](https://arxiv.org/html/2609.26550)
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[](LICENSE)
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</div>
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> **"Accept When Confident, Escalate When Unsure."**
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> **Qwev-9B-RLCD** is a non-autoregressive System 1 decision model aligned with **Reinforcement Learning from Calibrated Decisions (RLCD)**. It solves complex LLM Judge, hallucination detection, and alignment preference routing in a **single forward pass (168 ms)** with mathematically calibrated confidence scores.
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---
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## ๐ Key Highlights
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- ๐ **1-Pass Non-Autoregressive Inference**: Zero token generation overhead. Decisions are made in **168.4 ms** (~11x faster than generative LLMs like GPT-6 Astra at 1,885 ms).
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- ๐ **SOTA Decision Accuracy**:
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- **RewardBench (400 samples)**: **99.2%** *(Outperforming CMU JEV 1.13: 92.2% & GPT-6 Astra: 93.5%)*
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- **HaluEval (240 samples)**: **98.8%** *(Outperforming CMU JEV 1.13: 87.5% & GPT-6 Astra: 86.7%)*
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- **RM-Bench-Hard (150 samples)**: **98.0%** *(Outperforming CMU JEV 1.13: 94.0%)*
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- ๐ฏ **Calibrated Uncertainty (Near-Zero ECE)**:
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- On graduate-level 10-choice `JudgeBench` (random guess = 10%), Qwev-9B achieves **41.7% standalone accuracy** with an average confidence of **42.3%** (no overconfident hallucinations).
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- When filtering for confident answers ($\tau \ge 0.90$), **accepted accuracy is 97.06%** (33/34 correct), while unconfident queries escalate safely to GPT-6 for a **93.5% composite cascade accuracy**.
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- ๐ **100% Kev Compatible**: Native drop-in LoRA adapter + pointer head architecture built on [`jaredpalmer/kev-9b`](https://huggingface.co/jaredpalmer/kev-9b) (`Qwen/Qwen3.5-9B-Base`).
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---
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## ๐ Comprehensive Benchmark Comparison (CMU Table 1 Protocol)
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Evaluated under the exact protocol of Carnegie Mellon University's *"JEV-as-a-Judge: Accept When Confident, Escalate When Unsure"* ([arXiv:2609.26550](https://arxiv.org/html/2609.26550)) on NVIDIA A100-SXM4-80GB (all 1,140 samples):
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| Model | Size / Type | RewardBench (400) | JudgeBench (350) | HaluEval (240) | RM-Bench (150) | Overall Acc (1,140) | Mean Latency |
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| :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
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| ๐ฅ **Qwev-9B-RLCD (Ours)** | **9B Non-autoregressive** | **99.2%** ๐ | **41.7%** *(Acc@0.9: 97.1%)* | **98.8%** ๐ | **98.0%** ๐ | **84.5%** | **168.4 ms** |
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| ๐ **Kev-27B** | **27B Non-autoregressive** | **92.0%** | **59.1%** *(Acc@0.9: 97.8%)* | **97.1%** | **93.3%** | **85.4%** | **563.8 ms** |
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| **JEV 1.13** (CMU Flagship) | Hosted Decision | 92.2% | 78.6% | 87.5% | 94.0% | 88.1% | 152.0 ms |
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| **GPT-6 Astra** (Teacher LLM) | Generative 100B+ | 93.5% | 93.1% | 86.7% | 96.7% | 92.5% | 1,885.0 ms |
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| **akhilaaa3/Jev-Omni** | 9B Pointer Adapter | 98.0% | 32.6% | 96.7% | 99.3% | 77.8% | 191.5 ms |
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| **convaiinnovations/laya** | RLAgent Router | 100.0% | 10.9% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 72.6% | 30.0 ms |
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| **fastino/GLiNER2.5-Decide** | NER-based Decide | 100.0% | 10.9% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 72.6% | ~0.001 ms |
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| **harshatheg/Qwen-1B-RLCD** | 1.5B Pointer RLCD | 85.0% | 16.6% *(Acc@0.9: 38.2%)* | 96.2% | 100.0% | 68.3% | 29.7 ms |
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| **AlexWortega/openjev** | 9B Pointer Adapter | 59.5% | 12.0% | 87.9% | 58.0% | 50.7% | 228.9 ms |
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| **PairRM (local)** | 0.4B RM | 68.0% | 54.3% | โ | โ | โ | ~400.0 ms |
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---
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## โก Speed & Latency Comparison
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| Model | Architecture | Serving Infrastructure | Latency (Per Decision) | Relative Speedup |
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| ๐ฅ **Qwev-9B-RLCD (Ours)** | **Non-autoregressive Pointer** | **Local A100-80GB (1-Pass)** | **168.4 ms (0.16s)** | **1.0x (Baseline)** |
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| **JEV 1.13** (CMU Official) | Non-autoregressive Decision | TypeSafe Dedicated Hosting | 152.0 ms (0.15s) | ~1.1x |
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| **akhilaaa3/Jev-Omni** | 9B Pointer Adapter | Local A100-80GB (1-Pass) | 191.5 ms (0.19s) | ~0.9x |
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| **AlexWortega/openjev** | 9B Pointer Adapter | Local A100-80GB (1-Pass) | 228.9 ms (0.23s) | ~0.7x |
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| **Kev-27B** | 27B Pointer Backbone | Local A100-80GB (1-Pass) | 563.8 ms (0.56s) | ~0.3x |
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| **Qwen3.8 27B** | Generative 27B LLM | Groq LPU Cloud | ~850.0 ms (0.85s) | **5.0x slower** |
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| **Claude Sonnet 5** | Generative Flagship LLM | Anthropic API | ~1,500.0 ms (1.50s) | **8.9x slower** |
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| **GPT-6 Astra** (Teacher) | Generative Flagship LLM | OpenAI API | 1,885.0 ms (1.89s) | **11.2x slower** |
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---
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## ๐ฌ RLCD Training Methodology
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$$\mathcal{L}_{\text{RLCD}} = \mathcal{L}_{\text{CE}} + 0.4 \mathcal{L}_{\text{Brier}} + 2.0 \mathcal{L}_{\text{Overconf}} + 0.3 \mathcal{L}_{\text{Unknowable}}$$
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1. **Brier Calibration Loss ($\mathcal{L}_{\text{Brier}}$)**: Minimizes squared distance between softmax probabilities and one-hot ground truth labels.
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2. **Asymmetric Overconfidence Penalty ($\mathcal{L}_{\text{Overconf}}$)**: Exponentially penalizes high-confidence ($\ge 0.85$) wrong predictions. This eliminates the fatal "confidently wrong" failure mode seen in smaller models.
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3. **Unknowable Entropy Maximization ($\mathcal{L}_{\text{Unknowable}}$)**: Enforces uniform probability distribution ($1/K$) when the decision state lacks sufficient evidence.
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---
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## ๐ฐ๐ท ํ๊ตญ์ด ์๋ด (Korean Overview)
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### Qwev-9B-RLCD๋?
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**Qwev-9B-RLCD**๋ ์นด๋ค๊ธฐ ๋ฉ๋ก ๋ํ๊ต(CMU)์ *"JEV-as-a-Judge: Accept When Confident, Escalate When Unsure"* ๋
ผ๋ฌธ์ ํต์ฌ ์ฒ ํ์ ์๋ฒฝํ๊ฒ ๊ตฌํํ **์ด์ ์ง์ฐ ๋น์์ฑํ ์์ฌ๊ฒฐ์ ๋ชจ๋ธ**์
๋๋ค.
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- **์ด๊ณ ์ 1-Pass ์ถ๋ก **: ํ ํฐ์ ์์ฑํ์ง ์๊ณ ํฌ์ธํฐ ํค๋๋ก ๋จ **0.16์ด(168.4ms)**๋ง์ ์ ๋ต์ ๊ฒฐ์ ํฉ๋๋ค.
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- **SOTA ๋ฒค์น๋งํฌ**: RewardBench **99.2%**, HaluEval **98.8%**, RM-Bench **98.0%**๋ก CMU JEV 1.13 ๋ฐ GPT-6 Astra๋ฅผ ์๋ํฉ๋๋ค.
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- **์ ์งํ ํ์ ๋(Uncertainty Calibration)**: 10์ง์ ๋ค ๊ณ ๋๋ JudgeBench์์ ๋ฌด์์ ์ฐ์ง ์๊ณ ํ๊ท ํ์ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๋ฅผ **42.3%**๋ก ์ ์งํ๊ฒ ๋ฎ์ถ์ด, ํ์ ๋ 90% ์ด์ ์ฑํ ์ **97.06%์ ์ ํ๋**๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฅํฉ๋๋ค.
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- **์บ์ค์ผ์ด๋ ๋น์ฉ ์ ๊ฐ**: ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์์ ํ๋๊ทธ์ญ LLM์ผ๋ก ์์ค์ปฌ๋ ์ด์
ํ์ฌ **GPT-6๊ธ ์ฑ๋ฅ(93.5%)์ ์ ์งํ๋ฉด์๋ API ๋น์ฉ์ ~71.4% ์ ๊ฐ**ํฉ๋๋ค.
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---
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## ๐ป Quickstart (Code Example)
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Install dependencies:
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```bash
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pip install torch transformers peft
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git clone https://github.com/gyunggyung/Jev-Qwen.git
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cd Jev-Qwen
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pip install -e kev
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```
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Run 1-Pass Decision:
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```python
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import torch
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from kev.checkpoint import Checkpoint, LoadOptions
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tok, model = ck.load(device="cuda", opts=LoadOptions(dtype=torch.bfloat16, merge=True))
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model.eval()
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# Input State and Choices
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record = {
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"state": "User Question: Which response is more factually grounded without hallucination?",
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"questions": [{
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"instr": "Select the factually superior response.",
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"options": [
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"Response A: The Eiffel Tower was completed in 1889 for the Paris World's Fair.",
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"Response B: The Eiffel Tower was built in 1952 by British engineers."
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],
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"label": 0
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}]
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enc = model.encode(tok, record)
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probs = model.probs(enc)[0].cpu().numpy()
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+
print(f"Probabilities: {probs}")
|
| 155 |
+
# -> [0.998, 0.002] (Confidence: 99.8% on Option A)
|
| 156 |
```
|
| 157 |
|
| 158 |
---
|
| 159 |
|
| 160 |
+
## ๐ Citation
|
| 161 |
|
| 162 |
```bibtex
|
| 163 |
@article{qwev2026rlcd,
|
| 164 |
title={Qwev-9B-RLCD: Fast Non-Autoregressive Decision Alignment with Calibrated Uncertainty},
|
| 165 |
author={Gyung},
|
| 166 |
year={2026},
|
| 167 |
+
publisher={Hugging Face},
|
| 168 |
+
journal={GitHub repository},
|
| 169 |
+
howpublished={\url{https://huggingface.co/gyung/Qwev-9B-RLCD}}
|
| 170 |
}
|
| 171 |
```
|