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"""
CropAI Agronomic Knowledge Base - Vegetables Module (सब्जी फसलें: टमाटर, आलू, मिर्च, बैंगन, प्याज, भिंडी, गोभी, लौकी)
Comprehensive coverage of all diseases, pests, insects, viruses, and physiological disorders
across Chhattisgarh (Surguja Mainpat tomato hub, Raipur, Durg, Bilaspur) and All India.
"""
from typing import Dict, Any
VEGETABLES_KNOWLEDGE_BASE: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {
# =========================================================================
# 1. TOMATO (टमाटर)
# =========================================================================
"Tomato___Early_blight": {
"name": "Tomato Early Blight",
"hindi_name": "टमाटर का अगेती झुलसा रोग",
"scientific_name": "Alternaria solani",
"crop": "Tomato",
"category": "Fungal",
"severity": "Moderate",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "August to October and February to March; warm humid weather (Temp 24-29°C), intermittent rain and heavy dews",
"economic_injury_level": "Concentric target spots on lower leaves spreading upward",
"symptoms": [
"Small dark brown to black circular spots that enlarge up to 1 cm with prominent concentric rings ('Target Board' pattern)",
"Yellow chlorotic halo surrounds each lesion; spots coalesce causing extensive leaf yellowing, browning, and defoliation from bottom up",
"Sunken, leathery, dark brown to black lesions at the stem end of green and ripe fruits",
"Extremely common in Surguja (Mainpat, Sitapur tomato hubs) and Raipur/Durg green belts"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Prune and destroy lower diseased leaves touching the soil surface; sanitize pruning shears",
"Mulch around plant base to prevent soil-splashing of fungal spores during watering"
],
"organic_control": [
"Foliar spray of Trichoderma viride @ 5g/L water (80g per 16L tank) or Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 5g/L",
"Apply 5% Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) or Copper Hydroxide 77% WP @ 2g/L (30g per 16L tank)"
],
"chemical_control": [
"Spray Azoxystrobin 18.2% + Difenoconazole 11.4% SC (Amistar Top) @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank; 200ml/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Mancozeb 75% WP (Dithane M-45) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank; 500g/acre)",
"Or Chlorothalonil 75% WP (Kavach) @ 2g/L water (35g per 16L tank; 400g/acre)",
"Or Tebuconazole 25.9% EC (Folicur) @ 1.25ml/L water (20ml per 16L tank)"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Seed treatment with Thiram 75% WP @ 3g/kg seed or Carbendazim @ 2g/kg",
"Stake plants with bamboo sticks and wire trellis to keep foliage elevated off wet ground",
"Grow tolerant varieties: Pusa Rohini, Arka Rakshak, Abhinav"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
"Tomato___Late_blight": {
"name": "Tomato Late Blight (टमाटर का पछेती झुलसा रोग)",
"scientific_name": "Phytophthora infestans",
"crop": "Tomato",
"category": "Fungal",
"severity": "Critical",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "December to February (winter cold spells); cool temperatures (12-20°C), RH > 90%, persistent morning fog and rain showers",
"economic_injury_level": "Water-soaked dark lesions spreading rapidly across canopy",
"symptoms": [
"Irregular, large, water-soaked, dark olive-green to black greasy patches appearing suddenly on leaves and stems",
"White delicate downy fungal mold visible on the underside of infected leaves early in the morning",
"Stems develop dark brown to purplish-black necrotic cankers, collapsing completely in 2-3 days",
"Large, greasy, firm, dark brown or bronze water-soaked rot covering fruits, destroying entire crops overnight",
"Catastrophic winter pathogen wiping out tomato fields across Surguja and Jashpur"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Spray immediately upon first notification of cold foggy weather or appearance of water-soaked spots",
"Remove and deep-bury heavily rotting plants and fruits away from the field"
],
"organic_control": [
"Spray Bordeaux mixture 1% (100g Copper Sulphate + 100g Lime in 10L water) as early preventive shield",
"Apply Copper Hydroxide 77% WP (Kocide) @ 2g/L (30g per 16L tank)",
"Foliar spray of sour buttermilk (खट्टी छाछ) @ 50ml/L water"
],
"chemical_control": [
"Curative systemic spray: Cymoxanil 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP (Curzate) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank; 500g/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP (Ridomil Gold) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank; 500g/acre)",
"Or Dimethomorph 50% WP (Acrobat) @ 1g/L + Mancozeb @ 2g/L water (16g Acrobat + 35g Mancozeb per 16L tank)",
"Or Famoxadone 16.6% + Cymoxanil 22.1% SC (Equation Pro) @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank)",
"Or Mandipropamid 23.4% SC (Revus) @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank)"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Spray preventive contact fungicide (Mancozeb 75% WP @ 2.5g/L) before the onset of winter fog",
"Drip irrigation instead of overhead flooding; wide row spacing for canopy aeration",
"Plant late-blight resistant varieties: Arka Abhed, Kashi Vishesh"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": True
},
"Tomato___Bacterial_spot": {
"name": "Tomato Bacterial Spot & Canker (टमाटर का जीवाणु धब्बा एवं कैंकर)",
"scientific_name": "Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria",
"crop": "Tomato",
"category": "Bacterial",
"severity": "Severe",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "Warm, wet, windy weather (Temp 24-30°C, RH > 85%)",
"economic_injury_level": "Numerous small dark greasy leaf specks and scabbed fruits",
"symptoms": [
"Small (2-3 mm) dark brown to black greasy water-soaked circular spots with yellowish margins on leaves",
"Centers of leaf spots dry out and tear, creating a ragged or shot-hole appearance",
"Distinctive raised, blister-like dark brown scabby warts on green fruits, surrounded by a white halo",
"Leaves turn yellow and drop prematurely; fruits unmarketable due to rough corky spots"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Avoid overhead irrigation; never handle plants while foliage is wet from rain or dew",
"Remove and destroy severely spotted plants"
],
"organic_control": [
"Spray fresh cow dung supernatant (filtered) or Bacillus subtilis @ 3g/L",
"Apply Copper Oxychloride 50% WP @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank)"
],
"chemical_control": [
"Spray Streptocycline 6g + Copper Oxychloride 50% WP 500g in 200L water per acre (0.5g Streptocycline + 40g COC per 16L tank)",
"Or Plantomycin 1g/L + Copper Hydroxide @ 2g/L water",
"Or Kasugamycin 3% SL @ 2ml/L water (32ml per 16L tank)"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Hot water seed treatment at 50°C for 25 minutes or soak in Streptocycline solution (1g in 10L for 30 minutes)",
"3-year crop rotation with non-solanaceous crops (avoid potato, brinjal, chilli)"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": True
},
"Tomato___Tomato_Yellow_Leaf_Curl_Virus": {
"name": "Tomato Leaf Curl Virus / ToLCV (टमाटर का पत्ती मरोड़ रोग / माथा बंधना)",
"scientific_name": "Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Geminivirus (TYLCV) vectored by Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)",
"crop": "Tomato",
"category": "Viral",
"severity": "Critical",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "Throughout the year; peak during hot dry spells (March-May and August-October) favoring whiteflies",
"economic_injury_level": "Appearance of stunted plants with upward cupped chlorotic leaves",
"symptoms": [
"Severe upward and inward curling of leaf margins ('Cupping') and puckering of leaf blades",
"Leaves become abnormally small, thick, leathery, and chlorotic with pale yellow margins",
"Severe shortening of internodes giving the plant a stunted, bushy, bunched broom appearance ('माथा बंधना')",
"Complete flower drop; plants infected early produce zero marketable fruits, leading to 80-100% loss"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Rogue out and destroy infected viral plants immediately during the first 45 days after transplanting",
"Spray systemic insecticide immediately to eradicate whitefly vectors in surrounding fields"
],
"organic_control": [
"Install Yellow Sticky Traps @ 20-25 per acre to capture adult whiteflies continuously",
"Spray 5% Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) or Neem Oil 10,000 PPM @ 3ml/L (50ml per 16L tank)"
],
"chemical_control": [
"Vector control spray: Diafenthiuron 50% WP (Pegasus) @ 1.25g/L water (20g per 16L tank; 250g/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (Benevia) @ 1.8ml/L water (30ml per 16L tank; 360ml/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Thiamethoxam 25% WG (Actara) @ 0.3g/L water (5g per 16L tank; 60g/acre)",
"Or Spiromesifen 22.9% SC (Oberon) @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank)",
"Or Acetamiprid 20% SP @ 0.3g/L water (5g per 16L tank)"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Grow nursery under 40-mesh nylon insect-proof net to prevent whitefly landing on seedlings",
"Seedling root dip in Imidacloprid 17.8% SL (0.5ml/L) for 20 minutes before transplanting",
"Plant ToLCV-resistant hybrids: Arka Rakshak, Arka Samrat, Kashi Aman, US-440, To-1057"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": True
},
"Tomato___Fruit_Borer": {
"name": "Tomato Fruit Borer / Helicoverpa (टमाटर का फल छेदक कीट)",
"scientific_name": "Helicoverpa armigera",
"crop": "Tomato",
"category": "Insect_Pest",
"severity": "Severe",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "October to April (flowering to fruiting stage); sunny warm days",
"economic_injury_level": "1 larva or 1 bored green fruit per plant",
"symptoms": [
"Caterpillars feed on tender foliage before chewing circular entry holes into developing green and ripe fruits",
"Larva feeds inside the fruit with its posterior body remaining outside the hole; bored fruits rot and drop prematurely",
"Secondary bacterial soft rot enters through feeding holes, turning fruits into a watery foul-smelling mess",
"Severe market rejection and 30-50% harvest loss"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Pick and destroy bored fruits and caterpillars by hand; install 5 Pheromone Traps (Helilure) per acre",
"Plant African Marigold (गेंदु) as a trap crop (1 row of marigold for every 16 rows of tomato)"
],
"organic_control": [
"Spray HaNPV @ 250 LE/acre (1.5ml/L) in late afternoon with 0.1% jaggery",
"Spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) @ 2g/L (35g per 16L tank) or Beauveria bassiana @ 5g/L",
"Apply 5% NSKE (Neem Seed Kernel Extract) @ 50ml/L at flower initiation"
],
"chemical_control": [
"Spray Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC (Coragen) @ 0.3ml/L water (5ml per 16L tank; 60ml/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG (Proclaim) @ 0.4g/L water (7g per 16L tank; 80g/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Flubendiamide 39.35% SC (Fame) @ 0.25ml/L water (4ml per 16L tank; 50ml/acre)",
"Or Spinosad 45% SC (Tracer) @ 0.3ml/L water (5ml per 16L tank; 60ml/acre)"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Deep summer ploughing to expose pupae in soil",
"Plant marigold trap crops to attract female moths away from tomatoes"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
"Tomato___healthy": {
"name": "Healthy Tomato Crop (स्वस्थ टमाटर फसल)",
"scientific_name": "Solanum lycopersicum (Optimal Canopy & Fruit Vigor)",
"crop": "Tomato",
"category": "Healthy",
"severity": "Healthy",
"is_healthy": True,
"season_and_weather": "All seasons; deep green compound foliage, sturdy staked stems, prolific flowering clusters and glossy firm fruits",
"economic_injury_level": "None",
"symptoms": [
"Vibrant dark-green compound foliage free from blight spots, leaf curling, or whitefly colonies",
"Sturdy erect stems with abundant yellow flower clusters and healthy calyx development",
"Firm, glossy green and ripening red fruits with smooth skin and zero borer holes"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": ["Maintain consistent drip irrigation to prevent calcium deficiency (Blossom End Rot) and fruit cracking"],
"organic_control": ["Foliar spray of Panchagavya @ 30ml/L or 19:19:19 NPK + Boron @ 1g/L at flowering"],
"chemical_control": ["No pesticide application needed."]
},
"prevention": ["Keep vines staked and maintain regular pruning of sucker shoots"],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
# =========================================================================
# 2. POTATO (आलू)
# =========================================================================
"Potato___Late_blight": {
"name": "Potato Late Blight (आलू का पछेती झुलसा रोग)",
"scientific_name": "Phytophthora infestans",
"crop": "Potato (आलू)",
"category": "Fungal",
"severity": "Critical",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "December to January (winter cold spells); Temp 10-18°C, RH > 90%, cloudy overcast days and dense morning fog",
"economic_injury_level": "Water-soaked lesions on foliage with white downy margin",
"symptoms": [
"Water-soaked irregular blackish-brown lesions starting from leaf tips and margins, rapidly spreading across the blade",
"White delicate downy fungal mold visible on the underside of infected leaves early morning",
"Entire foliage turns brown, rots, and collapses within 3-4 days, emitting a characteristic foul decaying smell",
"Underground tubers show irregular brown to purplish sunken patches on skin; internal flesh turns reddish-brown granular rot",
"The historic Great Irish Potato Famine (1845) pathogen; major annual winter disaster in Surguja, Mainpat and UP/Bengal"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Spray systemic fungicide immediately upon forecast of cloudy foggy weather (before visible lesions spread)",
"Earthing-up of potato ridges to a height of 15 cm to prevent fungal sporangia from washing down into tubers"
],
"organic_control": [
"Prophylactic spray of Bordeaux mixture 1% (1 kg Copper Sulphate + 1 kg Lime in 100L water) before fog",
"Apply Copper Hydroxide 77% WP @ 2g/L (30g per 16L tank) or Copper Oxychloride @ 2.5g/L"
],
"chemical_control": [
"Curative systemic spray: Cymoxanil 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP (Curzate) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank; 500g/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP (Ridomil Gold) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank; 500g/acre)",
"Or Dimethomorph 50% WP (Acrobat) @ 1g/L + Mancozeb @ 2g/L water (16g Acrobat + 35g Mancozeb per 16L tank)",
"Or Mandipropamid 23.4% SC (Revus) @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank)",
"Or Fenamidone 10% + Mancozeb 50% WG (Sectin) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank)"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Use certified disease-free seed tubers from cold storage; reject any seed tuber showing brown flesh rot",
"Pre-sowing tuber treatment with Mancozeb @ 2.5g/L for 10 minutes",
"Dehaulming: Cut potato foliage (haulms) 10-12 days before harvest to prevent tuber contamination during digging",
"Plant resistant varieties: Kufri Girdhari, Kufri Khyati, Kufri Pukhraj"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": True
},
"Potato___Early_blight": {
"name": "Potato Early Blight (आलू का अगेती झुलसा)",
"scientific_name": "Alternaria solani",
"crop": "Potato (आलू)",
"category": "Fungal",
"severity": "Moderate",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "November to December; warm sunny days alternating with humid nights (Temp 24-28°C)",
"economic_injury_level": "Concentric target spots on lower foliage",
"symptoms": [
"Dark brown to black angular or circular spots on lower leaves with distinct concentric rings ('Target Board')",
"Yellowing around lesions; spots coalesce causing leaves to dry up, curl, and hang down on stems ('Foliage Blight')",
"Brown, sunken, corky circular lesions on tubers, reducing storage life"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": ["Spray upon initial spot emergence on lower canopy; maintain balanced irrigation"],
"organic_control": ["Foliar spray of Trichoderma viride @ 5g/L water", "Apply 5% NSKE @ 50ml/L"],
"chemical_control": [
"Spray Mancozeb 75% WP (Dithane M-45) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank; 500g/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Azoxystrobin 18.2% + Difenoconazole 11.4% SC @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank)",
"Or Chlorothalonil 75% WP (Kavach) @ 2g/L water (35g per 16L tank)",
"Or Propineb 70% WP (Antracol) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank)"
]
},
"prevention": ["Tuber seed treatment with Mancozeb @ 2.5g/kg", "Avoid moisture stress and plant certified seeds"],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
"Potato___Black_Scurf": {
"name": "Potato Black Scurf / Stem Canker (आलू का काली पपड़ी रोग)",
"scientific_name": "Rhizoctonia solani",
"crop": "Potato (आलू)",
"category": "Fungal",
"severity": "Moderate",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "Cool, moist soil conditions; seed and soil-borne",
"economic_injury_level": "Black encrustations on harvested tubers",
"symptoms": [
"Brownish-black, hard, irregular crust-like sclerotial bodies adhering tightly to the surface of potato tubers ('Dirt that will not wash off')",
"Sunken brown necrotic cankers on underground sprouts and stolons, causing sprout mortality ('Girdling')",
"Aerial tubers develop in leaf axils due to blocked downward translocation of food",
"Severe reduction in tuber market value and seed certification rejection"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": ["Never plant seed tubers having black scurf crusts without chemical treatment"],
"organic_control": ["Tuber dip in Trichoderma viride @ 10g/L water for 20 minutes before planting"],
"chemical_control": [
"Tuber seed treatment: Dip unsprouted seed tubers in Monceren (Pencycuron 250 SC) @ 2.5ml/L water for 10 minutes",
"Or treat tubers with Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5% @ 2g/L water",
"Or Azoxystrobin 23% SC @ 1ml/L water"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Deep summer ploughing and soil solarization",
"Green manuring with Sesbania (Dhaincha) prior to potato planting"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
"Potato___healthy": {
"name": "Healthy Potato Crop (स्वस्थ आलू फसल)",
"scientific_name": "Solanum tuberosum (Optimal Canopy & Tuberization)",
"crop": "Potato (आलू)",
"category": "Healthy",
"severity": "Healthy",
"is_healthy": True,
"season_and_weather": "Rabi season; dense bushy dark-green canopy, sturdy ridged stems, vigorous underground tuber setting",
"economic_injury_level": "None",
"symptoms": [
"Dense lush green compound foliage free from water-soaked blight lesions or viral mottling",
"Sturdy upright ridged stems with healthy stolons producing abundant clean smooth-skinned tubers",
"Underground tubers free from black scurf, scab, or rotting"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": ["Maintain optimal ridge soil moisture; keep tubers well covered with soil to avoid greening"],
"organic_control": ["Apply vermicompost and microbial bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter + PSB)"],
"chemical_control": ["No pesticide application needed."]
},
"prevention": ["Perform timely earthing-up and stop irrigation 10 days before dehaulming"],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
# =========================================================================
# 3. CHILLI / CAPSICUM (मिर्च)
# =========================================================================
"Chilli___Leaf_Curl_Virus": {
"name": "Chilli Leaf Curl / Murda Rog / Churra-Murra (मिर्च का मुर्राह / चुर्रा-मुर्रा / कुकड़ा रोग)",
"scientific_name": "Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (ChiLCV) & Thrips/Mites Vector Complex",
"crop": "Chilli / Capsicum (मिर्च)",
"category": "Viral",
"severity": "Critical",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "August to December; dry hot spells favoring thrips and yellow mites multiplication",
"economic_injury_level": "Upward or downward leaf curling with bushy stunting",
"symptoms": [
"Upward boat-shaped curling of leaves with roughened brittle texture (caused by Thrips - Scirtothrips dorsalis)",
"Downward inverted cup-shaped curling with elongated petiole and bronze/purplish leaf underside (caused by Yellow Mite - Polyphagotarsonemus latus)",
"Severe shortening of internodes and dwarfing; leaves become tiny, clustered into a dense rosette bush ('माथा बंधना / कुकड़ा')",
"Flower buds drop off; infected plants produce zero marketable fruits, inflicting up to 80% loss in Raipur and Guntur belts"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Differentiate curling cause: Upward cup = Thrips; Downward cup = Yellow Mite; Mosaic chlorosis = Gemini Virus",
"Rogue out and burn stunted virus-infected plants immediately during early stages"
],
"organic_control": [
"Install Blue Sticky Traps @ 15/acre (for Thrips) and Yellow Sticky Traps @ 15/acre (for Whitefly)",
"Spray wettable sulfur 80% WDG @ 3g/L (50g per 16L tank) - highly effective against yellow mites",
"Spray 5% NSKE (Neem Seed Kernel Extract) or Neem Oil 10,000 PPM @ 3ml/L (50ml per 16L tank)"
],
"chemical_control": [
"For Thrips (Upward curl): Fipronil 5% SC (Regent) @ 2ml/L water (32ml per 16L tank; 400ml/acre in 200L water) OR Spinetoram 11.7% SC (Delegate) @ 0.8ml/L (13ml per 16L tank) OR Cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (Benevia) @ 1.8ml/L",
"For Yellow Mites (Downward curl): Spiromesifen 22.9% SC (Oberon) @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank; 200ml/acre) OR Diafenthiuron 50% WP (Pegasus) @ 1.25g/L water (20g per 16L tank)",
"For Whitefly (Virus vector): Acetamiprid 20% SP @ 0.3g/L water (5g per 16L tank) OR Thiamethoxam 25% WG @ 0.3g/L"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Nursery raising under 40-mesh insect-proof nylon net",
"Seedling root dip in Imidacloprid 17.8% SL (0.5ml/L) for 20 minutes before transplanting",
"Grow leaf-curl tolerant hybrids: US-341, Sitara, Armoor, Kashi Anmol"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": True
},
"Chilli___Anthracnose_Fruit_Rot": {
"name": "Chilli Anthracnose / Dieback / Fruit Rot (मिर्च का फल सड़न / डाईबैक रोग)",
"scientific_name": "Colletotrichum capsici & Colletotrichum gloeosporioides",
"crop": "Chilli / Capsicum (मिर्च)",
"category": "Fungal",
"severity": "Severe",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "September to November (flowering and fruit ripening); warm humid weather, continuous rain showers, Temp 26-30°C",
"economic_injury_level": "Sunken circular spots on ripening red fruits and dying shoot tips",
"symptoms": [
"Dieback Phase: Tender shoot tips and branches dry up from the top downwards ('Die Back'), turning bleached white with black dots",
"Fruit Rot Phase: Circular sunken dark spots on ripening green and red chillies with concentric rings of black acervuli dots",
"Infected fruits become dry, straw-coloured, shrivelled, and drop prematurely; diseased chillies lose pungency and market value"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Collect and burn infected rotting fruits and withered twigs to eliminate sporulation source",
"Spray systemic fungicide immediately at flowering and fruit formation stages"
],
"organic_control": [
"Foliar spray of Trichoderma viride @ 5g/L water (80g per 16L tank) or Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 5g/L",
"Apply Copper Oxychloride 50% WP @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank)"
],
"chemical_control": [
"Spray Azoxystrobin 18.2% + Difenoconazole 11.4% SC (Amistar Top) @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank; 200ml/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG (Nativo) @ 0.5g/L water (8g per 16L tank; 100g/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Pyraclostrobin 20% WG @ 1g/L water (16g per 16L tank; 200g/acre)",
"Or Mancozeb 75% WP (Dithane M-45) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank; 500g/acre)"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Seed treatment with Thiram 75% WP @ 3g/kg seed or Carbendazim @ 2g/kg",
"Avoid sprinkler irrigation that splashes fungal spores onto fruit bunches",
"Plant resistant varieties: Arka Suphal, Pant C-1, Pusa Sadabahar"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": True
},
"Chilli___healthy": {
"name": "Healthy Chilli Crop (स्वस्थ मिर्च फसल)",
"scientific_name": "Capsicum annuum (Optimal Foliage & Pungency Vigor)",
"crop": "Chilli / Capsicum (मिर्च)",
"category": "Healthy",
"severity": "Healthy",
"is_healthy": True,
"season_and_weather": "All seasons; deep glossy green smooth leaves, erect branching, prolific white flowering and firm green chillies",
"economic_injury_level": "None",
"symptoms": [
"Uniform glossy emerald-green leaves free from upward/downward curling or yellow mottling",
"Prolific white star-shaped flowers with healthy pollination and fruit setting",
"Abundant firm, glossy green and ripening red chillies free from anthracnose spots or fruit borer holes"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": ["Maintain optimal moisture; avoid waterlogging around collar zone"],
"organic_control": ["Foliar spray of 19:19:19 NPK + micronutrients at flowering to boost fruit size"],
"chemical_control": ["No pesticide application required."]
},
"prevention": ["Scout leaf undersides weekly for early thrips and yellow mite nymphs"],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
# =========================================================================
# 4. BRINJAL / EGGPLANT (बैंगन)
# =========================================================================
"Brinjal___Shoot_and_Fruit_Borer": {
"name": "Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (बैंगन का तना एवं फल छेदक कीट)",
"scientific_name": "Leucinodes orbonalis",
"crop": "Brinjal / Eggplant (बैंगन)",
"category": "Insect_Pest",
"severity": "Critical",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "Throughout the year; severe in warm humid summer and rainy seasons",
"economic_injury_level": "5% shoot or fruit infestation",
"symptoms": [
"Young caterpillars bore into growing shoot tips, causing tender vegetative shoots to wilt, droop down, and dry ('Drooping Shoots')",
"Later larvae bore into developing flower buds and green/purple fruits through small entry holes plugged with dark frass",
"Inside the fruit, the pinkish-white caterpillar tunnels through the pulp, feeding on seeds and rendering fruits unfit for sale",
"The #1 devastating pest of brinjal across India, causing 50-80% direct crop loss"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Manually clip and destroy drooping shoots along with larvae inside at weekly intervals",
"Pick and deep-bury all bored fruits containing frass; install 10-12 Pheromone Traps (Lucilure) per acre"
],
"organic_control": [
"Release egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis @ 50,000/acre at weekly intervals",
"Spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) @ 2g/L (35g per 16L tank) or Beauveria bassiana @ 5g/L",
"Apply 5% Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) or Neem Oil 10,000 PPM @ 3ml/L (50ml per 16L tank)"
],
"chemical_control": [
"Rotate chemical modes of action to prevent resistance: Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC (Coragen) @ 0.4ml/L water (6ml per 16L tank; 80ml/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Flubendiamide 39.35% SC (Fame) @ 0.25ml/L water (4ml per 16L tank; 50ml/acre)",
"Or Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG (Proclaim) @ 0.4g/L water (7g per 16L tank; 80g/acre)",
"Or Spinosad 45% SC (Tracer) @ 0.3ml/L water (5ml per 16L tank; 60ml/acre)",
"Maintain 3-day pre-harvest interval (PHI) before picking brinjals!"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Avoid continuous brinjal cropping on same land; destroy old stubbles after final picking",
"Plant tolerant varieties: Punjab Barsati, Pusa Purple Round, Arka Anand"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": True
},
"Brinjal___Little_Leaf": {
"name": "Little Leaf of Brinjal (बैंगन का छोटी पत्ती रोग)",
"scientific_name": "Phytoplasma vectored by Leafhopper (Hishimonus phycitis)",
"crop": "Brinjal / Eggplant (बैंगन)",
"category": "Bacterial",
"severity": "Critical",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "Throughout the year; warm weather favoring leafhopper vector",
"economic_injury_level": "Appearance of bushy plants with tiny leaves",
"symptoms": [
"Leaves become extremely tiny, thin, pale green, soft and glabrous; petioles shortened drastically",
"Excessive stimulation of axillary buds produces numerous crowded slender branches, giving the plant a bushy 'Witches Broom' appearance",
"Flower parts are phylloid (transformed into green leaf-like sterile structures); plants remain 100% sterile with zero fruit setting"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Rogue out and destroy infected bushy plants immediately upon first symptom emergence",
"Spray insecticide immediately to control the leafhopper vector"
],
"organic_control": [
"Install Yellow Sticky Traps @ 15 per acre to trap leafhopper vectors",
"Spray 5% NSKE (Neem Seed Kernel Extract) @ 50ml/L or Neem Oil @ 4ml/L"
],
"chemical_control": [
"Vector control spray: Dimethoate 30% EC (Rogor) @ 1.7ml/L water (27ml per 16L tank; 350ml/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Imidacloprid 17.8% SL @ 0.3ml/L water (5ml per 16L tank; 60ml/acre)",
"Or Thiamethoxam 25% WG @ 0.3g/L water (5g per 16L tank)"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Seedling root dip in Tetracycline hydrochloride solution (500 ppm - 0.5g/L) for 30 minutes before transplanting",
"Eradicate weed hosts (Datura, Solanum nigrum) around field borders"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": True
},
"Brinjal___healthy": {
"name": "Healthy Brinjal Crop (स्वस्थ बैंगन फसल)",
"scientific_name": "Solanum melongena (Optimal Canopy & Fruit Health)",
"crop": "Brinjal / Eggplant (बैंगन)",
"category": "Healthy",
"severity": "Healthy",
"is_healthy": True,
"season_and_weather": "All seasons; broad lobed dark-green foliage, sturdy branching, violet flowers and glossy firm fruits",
"economic_injury_level": "None",
"symptoms": [
"Broad healthy dark-green lobed leaves with vibrant purple veins and zero little-leaf clustering",
"Vigorous branching with healthy violet flowers and green spiny calyx",
"Glossy, firm, unblemished purple, green or variegated brinjals free from borer bore holes or frass"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": ["Maintain optimal furrow moisture and weed-free condition"],
"organic_control": ["Apply vermicompost and foliar Jeevamrut @ 10% every 15 days"],
"chemical_control": ["No pesticide application needed."]
},
"prevention": ["Scout terminal shoots weekly for early shoot borer wilting"],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
# =========================================================================
# 5. OKRA / BHINDI (भिंडी)
# =========================================================================
"Okra___Yellow_Vein_Mosaic": {
"name": "Okra Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus / YVMV (भिंडी का पीली शिरा मोजेक रोग)",
"scientific_name": "Bhendi Yellow Vein Mosaic Begomovirus (BYVMV) vectored by Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)",
"crop": "Okra / Bhindi (भिंडी)",
"category": "Viral",
"severity": "Critical",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "Summer and rainy season (March to September); hot humid weather favoring whitefly explosion",
"economic_injury_level": "Appearance of yellow network veins on young leaves",
"symptoms": [
"Complete yellow network of veins and veinlets contrasting against green interveinal leaf tissue ('Clear vein pattern')",
"In severe stages, the entire leaf blade turns creamy yellow to white with thickened, raised veins",
"Plants stunted with few small, fibrous, yellowish-white distorted pods that are tough and unmarketable",
"Direct yield loss of 80-90% if crop is infected within first 30 days after germination"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Uproot and destroy infected yellow plants immediately during first 30 days",
"Spray systemic insecticide immediately to control the whitefly vector"
],
"organic_control": [
"Install Yellow Sticky Traps @ 15-20 per acre to mass trap adult whiteflies",
"Spray 5% Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) or Neem Oil 10,000 PPM @ 3ml/L (50ml per 16L tank)"
],
"chemical_control": [
"Vector control spray: Diafenthiuron 50% WP (Pegasus) @ 1.25g/L water (20g per 16L tank; 250g/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Thiamethoxam 25% WG (Actara) @ 0.3g/L water (5g per 16L tank; 60g/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Acetamiprid 20% SP @ 0.3g/L water (5g per 16L tank; 60g/acre)",
"Or Spiromesifen 22.9% SC @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank)"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Seed treatment with Imidacloprid 600 FS @ 5ml/kg seed or Thiamethoxam 30% FS @ 4ml/kg",
"Grow YVMV-resistant hybrids: Parbhani Kranti, Arka Anamika, Kashi Kranti, Varsha Uphar, Mahyco-10"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": True
},
"Okra___Shoot_and_Fruit_Borer": {
"name": "Okra Shoot and Fruit Borer / Spotted Bollworm (भिंडी का तना एवं फल छेदक कीट)",
"scientific_name": "Earias vittella & Earias insulana",
"crop": "Okra / Bhindi (भिंडी)",
"category": "Insect_Pest",
"severity": "Severe",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "Summer and Kharif season; warm humid weather",
"economic_injury_level": "5% fruit damage or presence of drooping shoot tips",
"symptoms": [
"Larvae bore into terminal shoots of young plants, causing shoot tips to wilt, droop, and dry up",
"Later caterpillars bore into green okra pods, plugging entry holes with dark excreta frass",
"Infected pods become curled, twisted, deformed, and unfit for consumption or market sale",
"Larva is stout, brownish-green with white and orange spots on body ('Spotted Bollworm')"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"Clip and destroy wilted shoot tips and deformed bored fruits at regular intervals",
"Install 5 Pheromone Traps (Earias lure) per acre"
],
"organic_control": [
"Spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) @ 2g/L (35g per 16L tank) or Beauveria bassiana @ 5g/L",
"Spray 5% NSKE (Neem Seed Kernel Extract) @ 50ml/L or Neem Oil @ 4ml/L"
],
"chemical_control": [
"Spray Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG (Proclaim) @ 0.4g/L water (7g per 16L tank; 80g/acre in 200L water)",
"Or Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC (Coragen) @ 0.3ml/L water (5ml per 16L tank; 60ml/acre)",
"Or Flubendiamide 39.35% SC (Fame) @ 0.25ml/L water (4ml per 16L tank; 50ml/acre)",
"Or Spinosad 45% SC @ 0.3ml/L water (5ml per 16L tank)"
]
},
"prevention": [
"Deep summer ploughing to expose pupae in soil",
"Avoid planting cotton and okra in adjacent plots as they share the same borer pests"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
"Okra___healthy": {
"name": "Healthy Okra / Bhindi (स्वस्थ भिंडी फसल)",
"scientific_name": "Abelmoschus esculentus (Optimal Fruit & Canopy Vigor)",
"crop": "Okra / Bhindi (भिंडी)",
"category": "Healthy",
"severity": "Healthy",
"is_healthy": True,
"season_and_weather": "All seasons; broad deep-green lobed palmate leaves, yellow hibiscus-like flowers, tender straight green pods",
"economic_injury_level": "None",
"symptoms": [
"Broad emerald-green palmate leaves free from yellow vein network or whitefly colonies",
"Vigorous erect stems with prolific yellow flowers having deep red basal spots",
"Tender, straight, crisp green okra pods free from borer holes or twisting"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": ["Pick tender pods every alternate day to stimulate continuous flowering"],
"organic_control": ["Foliar spray of 19:19:19 NPK + micronutrients every 15 days"],
"chemical_control": ["No pesticide application needed."]
},
"prevention": ["Scout leaf undersides weekly for early whitefly and jassid emergence"],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
# =========================================================================
# 7. CUCUMBER & CUCURBITS (खीरा व कद्दूवर्गीय: Cucumis sativus)
# =========================================================================
"Cucumber___Downy_mildew": {
"name": "Cucumber Downy Mildew",
"hindi_name": "खीरा का डाउनी मिल्ड्यू (मृदु रोमिल आसिता)",
"scientific_name": "Pseudoperonospora cubensis",
"crop": "Cucumber (खीरा)",
"category": "Fungal",
"severity": "Severe",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "Monsoon & post-monsoon (August-November) and humid spring; temp 18-24°C, RH > 85%, persistent dew on vine leaves",
"economic_injury_level": "Angular yellow patches bounded by leaf veins with purple-grey felt under leaves",
"symptoms": [
"पत्तियों की ऊपरी सतह पर नसों (veins) द्वारा सीमित कोणीय पीले धब्बे (angular chlorotic lesions)",
"पत्तियों की निचली सतह पर बैगनी-धूसर मखमली फफूंद (purplish-grey velvety downy spore growth)",
"संक्रमण बढ़ने पर पत्तियां तेजी से झुलसकर सूख जाती हैं और कागज की तरह मुड़ जाती हैं",
"पौधों की बढ़वार रुक जाती है और फल कड़वे व अविकसित रह जाते हैं"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"संक्रमित पुरानी पत्तियों को तोड़कर खेत से दूर नष्ट करें",
"फसल पर ऊपर से फव्वारा सिंचाई (overhead sprinkling) तुरंत बंद करें; केवल ड्रिप या थाला विधि अपनाएं"
],
"organic_control": [
"ट्राइकोडर्मा विरिडी (Trichoderma viride) 1% WP @ 5 ग्राम/लीटर पानी (80 ग्राम प्रति 16L पंप) का छिड़काव",
"नीम तेल (Neem Oil 10,000 PPM) @ 3 मिली/लीटर पानी में घोलकर 7 दिन के अंतराल पर स्प्रे करें"
],
"chemical_control": [
"साइमोक्सानिल 8% + मैंकोज़ेब 64% WP (Curzate) @ 2 ग्राम/लीटर पानी (32 ग्राम प्रति 16L पंप; 400g/एकड़)",
"अथवा मेटालैक्सिल 8% + मैंकोज़ेब 64% WP (Ridomil Gold) @ 2.5 ग्राम/लीटर पानी (40 ग्राम प्रति 16L पंप)",
"अथवा एज़ोक्सीस्ट्रोबिन 23% SC @ 1 मिली/लीटर पानी (16 मिली प्रति 16L पंप)"
]
},
"prevention": [
"खीरे की बेलों को ज़मीन पर फैलाने के बजाय मचान या तार-बांस (trellis) पर चढ़ाएं",
"रोगरोधी किस्मों (जैसे Malini, Pusa Sanyog, Kashi Shital) का चयन करें"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
"Cucumber___Powdery_mildew": {
"name": "Cucumber Powdery Mildew",
"hindi_name": "खीरा का चूर्णिल आसिता (पाउडरी मिल्ड्यू)",
"scientific_name": "Podosphaera xanthii (syn. Sphaerotheca fuliginea)",
"crop": "Cucumber (खीरा)",
"category": "Fungal",
"severity": "Moderate",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "Warm dry days with humid nights (February-April and October-November); temp 25-32°C",
"economic_injury_level": "White talcum powder-like patches covering upper and lower foliage",
"symptoms": [
"पत्तियों, तनों और डंठलों पर सफेद पाउडर (टेलकम पाउडर) जैसे गोल चकत्ते",
"धब्बे आपस में मिलकर पूरी पत्ती को सफेद परत से ढक लेते हैं",
"संक्रमित पत्तियां पीली पड़कर भूरी हो जाती हैं और किनारों से ऊपर की ओर मुड़कर सूख जाती हैं",
"प्रकाश संश्लेषण रुकने से फल छोटे, फीके और समय से पहले पक जाते हैं"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"अत्यधिक प्रभावित पुरानी पत्तियों को काटकर हटा दें",
"खेत में हवा के संचरण के लिए बेलों की अनावश्यक शाखाओं की छंटाई करें"
],
"organic_control": [
"घुलनशील गंधक (Wettable Sulphur 80% WP) @ 2-3 ग्राम/लीटर पानी (40 ग्राम प्रति 16L पंप)",
"कच्चा दूध (10% घोल: 100ml दूध प्रति लीटर पानी) का पत्तियों पर छिड़काव"
],
"chemical_control": [
"डिफेनोकोनाज़ोल 25% EC (Score) @ 0.5 मिली/लीटर पानी (8 मिली प्रति 16L पंप)",
"अथवा हेक्साकोनाज़ोल 5% SC (Contaf) @ 1.5 मिली/लीटर पानी (24 मिली प्रति 16L पंप)",
"अथवा टेबुकोनाज़ोल 25.9% EC @ 1 मिली/लीटर पानी"
]
},
"prevention": [
"बेलों में पर्याप्त दूरी (1.5 - 2 मीटर पंक्ति से पंक्ति) बनाए रखें",
"अधिक नाइट्रोजन उर्वरक देने से बचें, पोटाश की संतुलित मात्रा दें"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
},
"Cucumber___Mosaic_virus": {
"name": "Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV)",
"hindi_name": "खीरा मोज़ेक वायरस (विषाणु रोग)",
"scientific_name": "Cucumber Mosaic Cucumovirus (CMV)",
"crop": "Cucumber (खीरा)",
"category": "Viral",
"severity": "Severe",
"is_healthy": False,
"season_and_weather": "Summer and rainy season; actively transmitted by Aphids (माहू) and Whiteflies",
"economic_injury_level": "Vein clearing, leaf curling, dark and light green mosaic blisters",
"symptoms": [
"पत्तियों पर हल्के और गहरे हरे रंग के चितकबरे धब्बे (Mosaic pattern)",
"पत्तियों के किनारे नीचे की ओर मुड़ना (Downward leaf cupping) और तने की गांठें छोटी होना",
"पौधों का कद छोटा (stunted growth) रह जाना और नई पत्तियां विकृत होना",
"फलों पर खुरदुरे उभार (warts) बनना और फल का स्वाद कड़वा हो जाना"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": [
"वायरस संक्रमित पौधों को जड़ सहित उखाड़कर गहरे गड्ढे में दबाएं या जला दें",
"हाथ व औजारों को साबुन के पानी से धोएं ताकि रस द्वारा वायरस न फैले"
],
"organic_control": [
"माहू व कीट वाहक नियंत्रण हेतु पीले चिपचिपे ट्रैप (Yellow Sticky Traps) प्रति एकड़ 15-20 लगाएं",
"नीम तेल (Neem Oil 10,000 PPM) @ 3-5 मिली/लीटर पानी का छिड़काव"
],
"chemical_control": [
"कीट वाहक (Aphid vector) नियंत्रण: थायमेथॉक्सम 25% WG @ 0.3 ग्राम/लीटर (5 ग्राम प्रति 16L पंप)",
"अथवा एसीटामिप्रिड 20% SP @ 0.5 ग्राम/लीटर पानी (8 ग्राम प्रति 16L पंप)",
"अथवा इमिडाक्लोप्रिड 17.8% SL @ 0.5 मिली/लीटर पानी"
]
},
"prevention": [
"खेत और मेड़ों से खरपतवार (जैसे पार्थेनियम/गाजर घास) को पूरी तरह नष्ट करें",
"सिल्वर या ब्लैक प्लास्टिक मल्चिंग (Mulching) का उपयोग करें जो माहू कीट को दूर भगाती है"
],
"expert_consultation_recommended": True
},
"Cucumber___healthy": {
"name": "Healthy Cucumber (स्वस्थ खीरा फसल)",
"scientific_name": "Cucumis sativus (Vigorous Canopy & Fruit Set)",
"crop": "Cucumber (खीरा)",
"category": "Healthy",
"severity": "Healthy",
"is_healthy": True,
"season_and_weather": "All seasons; broad green angular leaves with prominent veins, bright yellow star flowers, straight tender green fruits",
"economic_injury_level": "None",
"symptoms": [
"स्वस्थ, चौड़ी, गहरे हरे रंग की पत्तियां किसी भी कोणीय पीले या चूर्णिल धब्बों से मुक्त",
"मजबूत बेलों पर भरपूर पीले फूल और स्वस्थ रोमिल तने",
"सीधे, कुरकुरे और चमकदार हरे रंग के खीरे के फल"
],
"treatment": {
"immediate_action": ["नियमित 3-4 दिन के अंतराल पर संतुलित हल्की सिंचाई बनाए रखें"],
"organic_control": ["प्रति 15 दिन में 19:19:19 NPK या वर्मीवॉश 10ml/L का पर्णीय स्प्रे करें"],
"chemical_control": ["किसी भी कीटनाशक की आवश्यकता नहीं है।"]
},
"prevention": ["पत्तियों की निचली सतह का नियमित निरीक्षण करते रहें"],
"expert_consultation_recommended": False
}
}
|