| """ |
| CropAI Physics-Informed Disease Micro-Climate Twin (Bio-Twin™) |
| Computes Leaf Wetness Duration (LWD), Dew-Point Differential, and Spore Germination Index (SGI) |
| to forecast fungal infection windows before spore penetration occurs. |
| """ |
|
|
| import math |
| from typing import Dict, Any, List |
|
|
|
|
| class PhysicsBioTwinEngine: |
| """Physics-Informed Neural & Thermodynamic Fungal Infection Predictor.""" |
|
|
| @staticmethod |
| def calculate_dew_point(temp_c: float, humidity_pct: float) -> float: |
| """Calculates dew point using the Magnus-Tetens formula.""" |
| a = 17.27 |
| b = 237.7 |
| alpha = ((a * temp_c) / (b + temp_c)) + math.log(max(humidity_pct, 1.0) / 100.0) |
| dew_point = (b * alpha) / (a - alpha) |
| return round(dew_point, 2) |
|
|
| @staticmethod |
| def simulate_microclimate_infection_risk( |
| crop: str, |
| temperature_c: float, |
| humidity_pct: float, |
| wind_speed_kmh: float, |
| leaf_wetness_hours: float, |
| cloud_cover_pct: float = 60.0 |
| ) -> Dict[str, Any]: |
| """ |
| Simulates micro-climate conditions inside the crop canopy and computes |
| the Spore Germination Index (SGI: 0.0 to 1.0) for high-risk pathogens. |
| """ |
| dew_point = PhysicsBioTwinEngine.calculate_dew_point(temperature_c, humidity_pct) |
| temp_dew_diff = max(0.0, temperature_c - dew_point) |
|
|
| |
| |
| wind_factor = max(0.2, 1.0 - (wind_speed_kmh / 40.0)) |
| humidity_factor = max(0.0, (humidity_pct - 65.0) / 35.0) |
| |
| effective_lwd = leaf_wetness_hours + (humidity_factor * wind_factor * 3.5) |
| effective_lwd = min(24.0, max(0.0, effective_lwd)) |
|
|
| |
| crop_lower = crop.lower() |
| if "rice" in crop_lower or "paddy" in crop_lower: |
| target_disease = "Paddy Blast (Magnaporthe oryzae)" |
| |
| temp_suitability = math.exp(-0.5 * ((temperature_c - 26.0) / 4.0) ** 2) |
| lwd_suitability = 1.0 / (1.0 + math.exp(-0.8 * (effective_lwd - 7.0))) |
| hum_suitability = 1.0 / (1.0 + math.exp(-0.2 * (humidity_pct - 82.0))) |
| sgi = temp_suitability * lwd_suitability * hum_suitability |
| critical_window_hours = 18 |
|
|
| elif "wheat" in crop_lower: |
| target_disease = "Yellow / Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis)" |
| |
| temp_suitability = math.exp(-0.5 * ((temperature_c - 15.0) / 3.5) ** 2) |
| lwd_suitability = 1.0 / (1.0 + math.exp(-0.7 * (effective_lwd - 6.0))) |
| hum_suitability = 1.0 / (1.0 + math.exp(-0.15 * (humidity_pct - 80.0))) |
| sgi = temp_suitability * lwd_suitability * hum_suitability |
| critical_window_hours = 24 |
|
|
| elif "potato" in crop_lower or "tomato" in crop_lower: |
| target_disease = "Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans)" |
| |
| temp_suitability = math.exp(-0.5 * ((temperature_c - 18.0) / 3.0) ** 2) |
| lwd_suitability = 1.0 / (1.0 + math.exp(-0.9 * (effective_lwd - 8.0))) |
| hum_suitability = 1.0 / (1.0 + math.exp(-0.2 * (humidity_pct - 85.0))) |
| sgi = temp_suitability * lwd_suitability * hum_suitability |
| critical_window_hours = 12 |
|
|
| else: |
| target_disease = "General Fungal Leaf Spot / Blight" |
| sgi = (humidity_pct / 100.0) * min(1.0, effective_lwd / 12.0) |
| critical_window_hours = 24 |
|
|
| sgi = min(1.0, max(0.05, sgi)) |
| sgi_pct = round(sgi * 100.0, 1) |
|
|
| |
| if sgi >= 0.70: |
| risk_category = "CRITICAL_SPORE_GERMINATION_ALERT" |
| forecast_message = ( |
| f"High-risk fungal germination window active for {target_disease}. " |
| f"Leaf canopy wetness ({round(effective_lwd, 1)} hrs) and thermal conditions " |
| f"are optimal for spore hyphae penetration within the next {critical_window_hours} hours." |
| ) |
| preventive_actions = [ |
| "Drain standing water from furrows to reduce canopy relative humidity.", |
| "Apply prophylactic bio-shield (Pseudomonas fluorescens 0.5% or Trichoderma viride) within 24h.", |
| "Avoid nitrogenous top-dressing fertilizer which promotes lush, susceptible succulent leaf tissue." |
| ] |
| elif sgi >= 0.40: |
| risk_category = "MODERATE_MICROCLIMATE_RISK" |
| forecast_message = ( |
| f"Moderate micro-climate risk for {target_disease}. " |
| "Conditions favor spore survival. Monitor field closely." |
| ) |
| preventive_actions = [ |
| "Inspect lower canopy leaves during early morning dew hours.", |
| "Ensure weed-free field borders to improve air circulation." |
| ] |
| else: |
| risk_category = "LOW_MICROCLIMATE_RISK" |
| forecast_message = f"Canopy micro-climate is unfavorable for {target_disease} spore germination." |
| preventive_actions = [ |
| "Maintain normal crop irrigation schedule." |
| ] |
|
|
| return { |
| "crop": crop, |
| "target_pathogen": target_disease, |
| "spore_germination_index_pct": sgi_pct, |
| "risk_classification": risk_category, |
| "calculated_dew_point_c": dew_point, |
| "effective_leaf_wetness_hours": round(effective_lwd, 1), |
| "critical_infection_window_hours": critical_window_hours, |
| "physics_forecast_summary": forecast_message, |
| "preventive_canopy_actions": preventive_actions |
| } |
|
|
|
|
| bio_twin_engine = PhysicsBioTwinEngine() |
|
|
