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| Who is at risk for National Hormone and Pituitary Program (NHPP): Information for People Treated with Pituitary Human Growth Hormone (Comprehensive Report)? ? | No one can say what an individual person's risk is. Of the approximately 7,700 people who received NHPP pituitary hGH, 29 people got CJD. The two things that seem to be connected with getting CJD after pituitary hGH treatment are
1. How long a person was treated:
- In the United States... |
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| What are the treatments for National Hormone and Pituitary Program (NHPP): Information for People Treated with Pituitary Human Growth Hormone (Comprehensive Report) ? | The best source for details on your treatment is the doctor or center that gave you pituitary hGH. To protect patient privacy, the HHS did not ask for the names of those treated with pituitary hGH until 1985, when the first CJD cases were reported. In 1985, the HHS asked doctors and treatment centers for the names and ... |
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| What causes National Hormone and Pituitary Program (NHPP): Information for People Treated with Pituitary Human Growth Hormone (Comprehensive Report) ? | We have not found any particular preparation of pituitary hGH that is especially likely to carry CJD. We believe that CJD did not come from a single infected pituitary gland or preparation. Prior to 1977, in an effort to extract as much hormone as possible from the pituitary glands, the glands were often processed repe... |
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| How to diagnose National Hormone and Pituitary Program (NHPP): Information for People Treated with Pituitary Human Growth Hormone (Comprehensive Report) ? | CJD is usually diagnosed based on signs and symptoms of the illness, how severe they are, and how quickly they become worse. However, doctors must study brain tissue from a biopsy or autopsy in order to make a definite diagnosis of CJD.
Other tests can suggest CJD. In 1996, researchers developed a test... |
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| what research (or clinical trials) is being done for National Hormone and Pituitary Program (NHPP): Information for People Treated with Pituitary Human Growth Hormone (Comprehensive Report) ? | Although CJD is a rare disorder, some of the world's leading researchers are working hard to learn more about this disease.
About 10 percent of the people who get CJD have the inherited type. Some people have gotten CJD from medical procedures such as pituitary hGH injections, tissue grafts, or corneal... |
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| What are the treatments for National Hormone and Pituitary Program (NHPP): Information for People Treated with Pituitary Human Growth Hormone (Comprehensive Report) ? | Some parents did not tell their children about receiving treatment with pituitary hGH and the possible risk of CJD. These children are now adults. Although the HHS no longer sends annual information about the problem of CJD in pituitary hGH recipients, the HHS does maintain a mailing list should any important new infor... |
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| What is (are) National Hormone and Pituitary Program (NHPP): Information for People Treated with Pituitary Human Growth Hormone (Comprehensive Report) ? | The Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Foundation, Inc. (www.cjdfoundation.org) was created in 1993 by two families who lost relatives to CJD and the neurologist who treated their family members. This nonprofit corporation seeks to promote awareness of CJD through research and education and to reach out to people who have lost ... |
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| What is (are) Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | Urinary incontinence is the loss of bladder control, which results in the accidental loss of urine. A child with UI may not stay dry during the day or night. Some UI is caused by a health problem such as
- a urinary tract infection (UTI) - diabetes, a condition where blood glucose, also called blood s... |
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| How many people are affected by Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | By 5 years of age, more than 90 percent of children can control urination during the day. Nighttime wetting is more common than daytime wetting in children, affecting 30 percent of 4-year-olds. The condition resolves itself in about 15 percent of children each year; about 10 percent of 7-year-olds, 3 percent of 12-year... |
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| What causes Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | The exact cause of most cases of nighttime UI is not known. Though a few cases are caused by structural problems in the urinary tract, most cases probably result from a mix of factors including slower physical development, an overproduction of urine at night, and the inability to recognize bladder filling when asleep. ... |
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| What causes Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | Daytime UI can be caused by a UTI or structural problems in the urinary tract. Daytime UI that is not associated with UTI or structural problems is less common and tends to disappear much earlier than nighttime UI. Overactive bladder and infrequent or incomplete voiding, or urination, are common causes of daytime UI.
... |
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| What are the treatments for Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | Most UI fades away naturally as a child grows and develops and does not require treatment. When treatment is needed, options include bladder training and related strategies, moisture alarms, and medications.
Growth and Development
As children mature
- bladder capacity ... |
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| What to do for Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | Eating, diet, and nutrition have not been shown to play a role in causing or preventing UI in children, though ensuring sufficient fluid intake throughout the day and avoiding caffeine intake may be helpful. |
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| What to do for Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | - Urinary incontinence (UI) is the loss of bladder control, which results in the accidental loss of urine. A child with UI may not stay dry during the day or night. Although UI affects many children, it usually disappears naturally over time. - By 5 years of age, more than 98 percent of children can control urination ... |
Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from your stomach to your small intestine, even though there is no blockage in the stomach or intestines. The symptoms of gastroparesis may include feeling full shortly after starting a meal, feeling full long ... | What is (are) Gastroparesis ? | Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from the stomach to the small intestine. Normally, the muscles of the stomach, which are controlled by the vagus nerve, contract to break up food and move it through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The GI tract ... |
Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from your stomach to your small intestine, even though there is no blockage in the stomach or intestines. The symptoms of gastroparesis may include feeling full shortly after starting a meal, feeling full long ... | What causes Gastroparesis ? | Most people diagnosed with gastroparesis have idiopathic gastroparesis, which means a health care provider cannot identify the cause, even with medical tests. Diabetes is the most common known cause of gastroparesis. People with diabetes have high levels of blood glucose, also called blood sugar. Over time, high blood ... |
Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from your stomach to your small intestine, even though there is no blockage in the stomach or intestines. The symptoms of gastroparesis may include feeling full shortly after starting a meal, feeling full long ... | What are the symptoms of Gastroparesis ? | The most common symptoms of gastroparesis are nausea, a feeling of fullness after eating only a small amount of food, and vomiting undigested foodsometimes several hours after a meal. Other symptoms of gastroparesis include
- gastroesophageal reflux (GER), also called acid reflux or acid regurgitationa... |
Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from your stomach to your small intestine, even though there is no blockage in the stomach or intestines. The symptoms of gastroparesis may include feeling full shortly after starting a meal, feeling full long ... | How to diagnose Gastroparesis ? | Gastroparesis is diagnosed through a physical exam, medical history, blood tests, tests to rule out blockage or structural problems in the GI tract, and gastric emptying tests. Tests may also identify a nutritional disorder or underlying disease. To rule out any blockage or other structural problems, the health care pr... |
Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from your stomach to your small intestine, even though there is no blockage in the stomach or intestines. The symptoms of gastroparesis may include feeling full shortly after starting a meal, feeling full long ... | What are the treatments for Gastroparesis ? | Treatment of gastroparesis depends on the severity of the persons symptoms. In most cases, treatment does not cure gastroparesis, which is usually a chronic, or long-lasting, condition. Gastroparesis is also a relapsing conditionthe symptoms can come and go for periods of time. Treatment helps people manage the conditi... |
Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from your stomach to your small intestine, even though there is no blockage in the stomach or intestines. The symptoms of gastroparesis may include feeling full shortly after starting a meal, feeling full long ... | What to do for Gastroparesis ? | Changing eating habits can sometimes help control the severity of gastroparesis symptoms. A health care provider may suggest eating six small meals a day instead of three large ones. If less food enters the stomach each time a person eats, the stomach may not become overly full, allowing it to empty more easily. Chewin... |
Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from your stomach to your small intestine, even though there is no blockage in the stomach or intestines. The symptoms of gastroparesis may include feeling full shortly after starting a meal, feeling full long ... | What are the treatments for Gastroparesis ? | An elevated blood glucose level directly interferes with normal stomach emptying, so good blood glucose control in people with diabetes is important. However, gastroparesis can make blood glucose control difficult. When food that has been delayed in the stomach finally enters the small intestine and is absorbed, blood ... |
Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from your stomach to your small intestine, even though there is no blockage in the stomach or intestines. The symptoms of gastroparesis may include feeling full shortly after starting a meal, feeling full long ... | What is (are) Gastroparesis ? | The problems of gastroparesis can include
- severe dehydration due to persistent vomiting - gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which is GER that occurs more than twice a week for a few weeks; GERD can lead to esophagitis irritation of the esophagus - bezoars, which can cause nausea, vomiting, ob... |
Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from your stomach to your small intestine, even though there is no blockage in the stomach or intestines. The symptoms of gastroparesis may include feeling full shortly after starting a meal, feeling full long ... | What to do for Gastroparesis ? | - Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from the stomach to the small intestine. - Gastroparesis can occur when the vagus nerve is damaged by illness or injury and the stomach muscles stop working normally. Food then moves slowly from the stomach to... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | You already know you need to watch how much you drink. Any food that is liquid at room temperature also contains water. These foods include soup, Jell-O, and ice cream. Many fruits and vegetables contain lots of water, too. They include melons, grapes, apples, oranges, tomatoes, lettuce, and celery. All these foods add... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | You already know you need to watch how much you drink. Any food that is liquid at room temperature also contains water. These foods include soup, Jell-O, and ice cream. Many fruits and vegetables contain lots of water, too. They include melons, grapes, apples, oranges, tomatoes, lettuce, and celery. All these foods add... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Potassium is a mineral found in many foods, especially milk, fruits, and vegetables. It affects how steadily your heart beats. Healthy kidneys keep the right amount of potassium in the blood to keep the heart beating at a steady pace. Potassium levels can rise between dialysis sessions and affect your heartbeat. Eating... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Potassium is a mineral found in many foods, especially milk, fruits, and vegetables. It affects how steadily your heart beats. Healthy kidneys keep the right amount of potassium in the blood to keep the heart beating at a steady pace. Potassium levels can rise between dialysis sessions and affect your heartbeat. Eating... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Phosphorus is a mineral found in many foods. If you have too much phosphorus in your blood, it pulls calcium from your bones. Losing calcium will make your bones weak and likely to break. Also, too much phosphorus may make your skin itch. Foods like milk and cheese, dried beans, peas, colas, nuts, and peanut butter are... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Phosphorus is a mineral found in many foods. If you have too much phosphorus in your blood, it pulls calcium from your bones. Losing calcium will make your bones weak and likely to break. Also, too much phosphorus may make your skin itch. Foods like milk and cheese, dried beans, peas, colas, nuts, and peanut butter are... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Before you were on dialysis, your doctor may have told you to follow a low-protein diet. Being on dialysis changes this. Most people on dialysis are encouraged to eat as much high-quality protein as they can. Protein helps you keep muscle and repair tissue. The better nourished you are, the healthier you will be. You w... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Before you were on dialysis, your doctor may have told you to follow a low-protein diet. Being on dialysis changes this. Most people on dialysis are encouraged to eat as much high-quality protein as they can. Protein helps you keep muscle and repair tissue. The better nourished you are, the healthier you will be. You w... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Sodium is found in salt and other foods. Most canned foods and frozen dinners contain large amounts of sodium. Too much sodium makes you thirsty. But if you drink more fluid, your heart has to work harder to pump the fluid through your body. Over time, this can cause high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.
... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Sodium is found in salt and other foods. Most canned foods and frozen dinners contain large amounts of sodium. Too much sodium makes you thirsty. But if you drink more fluid, your heart has to work harder to pump the fluid through your body. Over time, this can cause high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.
... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Calories provide energy for your body. If your doctor recommends it, you may need to cut down on the calories you eat. A dietitian can help you plan ways to cut calories in the best possible way.
Some people on dialysis need to gain weight. You may need to find ways to add calories to your diet. Vegeta... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Calories provide energy for your body. If your doctor recommends it, you may need to cut down on the calories you eat. A dietitian can help you plan ways to cut calories in the best possible way.
Some people on dialysis need to gain weight. You may need to find ways to add calories to your diet. Vegeta... |
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| What is (are) Perineal Injury in Males ? | Perineal injury is an injury to the perineum, the part of the body between the anus and the genitals, or sex organs. In males, the perineum is the area between the anus and the scrotum, the external pouch of skin that holds the testicles. Injuries to the perineum can happen suddenly, as in an accident, or gradually, as... |
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| What are the complications of Perineal Injury in Males ? | Injury to the blood vessels, nerves, and muscles in the perineum can lead to complications such as
- bladder control problems - sexual problems
Bladder control problems. The nerves in the perineum carry signals from the bladder to the spinal cord and brain, telling the brain when the ... |
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| What causes Perineal Injury in Males ? | Common causes of acute perineal injury in males include
- perineal surgery - straddle injuries - sexual abuse - impalement
Perineal Surgery
Acute perineal injury may result from surgical procedures that require an incision in the perineum:
- A prost... |
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| What causes Perineal Injury in Males ? | Chronic perineal injury most often results from a job-or sport-related practicesuch as bike, motorcycle, or horseback ridingor a long-term condition such as chronic constipation.
Bike Riding
Sitting on a narrow, saddle-style bike seatwhich has a protruding nose in the frontplaces far m... |
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| Who is at risk for Perineal Injury in Males? ? | Men who have perineal surgery are most likely to have an acute perineal injury. Straddle injuries are most common among people who ride motorcycles, bikes, or horses and children who use playground equipment. Impalement injuries are most common in military personnel engaged in combat. Impalement injuries can also occur... |
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| What are the treatments for Perineal Injury in Males ? | Treatments for perineal injury vary with the severity and type of injury. Tears or incisions may require stitches. Traumatic or piercing injuries may require surgery to repair damaged pelvic floor muscles, blood vessels, and nerves. Treatment for these acute injuries may also include antibiotics to prevent infection. A... |
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| How to prevent Perineal Injury in Males ? | Preventing perineal injury requires being aware of and taking steps to minimize the dangers of activities such as construction work or bike riding:
- People should talk with their health care provider about the benefits and risks of perineal surgery well before the operation. - People who play or work... |
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| What to do for Perineal Injury in Males ? | To prevent constipation, a diet with 20 to 35 grams of fiber each day helps the body form soft, bulky stool that is easier to pass. High-fiber foods include beans, whole grains and bran cereals, fresh fruits, and vegetables such as asparagus, brussels sprouts, cabbage, and carrots. For people prone to constipation, lim... |
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| What to do for Perineal Injury in Males ? | - Perineal injury is an injury to the perineum, the part of the body between the anus and the genitals, or sex organs. In males, the perineum is the area between the anus and the scrotum, the external pouch of skin that holds the testicles. - Injury to the blood vessels, nerves, and muscles in the perineum can lead to... |
A kidney stone is a solid, pebble-like piece of material that can form in one or both of your kidneys when high levels of certain minerals are in your urine. Kidney stones rarely cause permanent damage if treated by a health care professional. You may have a kidney stone if you feel a sharp pain in your back, side, ... | What is (are) Kidney Stones in Adults ? | A kidney stone is a solid piece of material that forms in a kidney when substances that are normally found in the urine become highly concentrated. A stone may stay in the kidney or travel down the urinary tract. Kidney stones vary in size. A small stone may pass on its own, causing little or no pain. A larger stone ma... |
A kidney stone is a solid, pebble-like piece of material that can form in one or both of your kidneys when high levels of certain minerals are in your urine. Kidney stones rarely cause permanent damage if treated by a health care professional. You may have a kidney stone if you feel a sharp pain in your back, side, ... | What is (are) Kidney Stones in Adults ? | The urinary tract is the bodys drainage system for removing wastes and extra water. The urinary tract includes two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located near the middle of the back, just below the rib cage, one on each sid... |
A kidney stone is a solid, pebble-like piece of material that can form in one or both of your kidneys when high levels of certain minerals are in your urine. Kidney stones rarely cause permanent damage if treated by a health care professional. You may have a kidney stone if you feel a sharp pain in your back, side, ... | Who is at risk for Kidney Stones in Adults? ? | Anyone can get a kidney stone, but some people are more likely to get one. Men are affected more often than women, and kidney stones are more common in non-Hispanic white people than in non-Hispanic black people and Mexican Americans. Overweight and obese people are more likely to get a kidney stone than people of norm... |
A kidney stone is a solid, pebble-like piece of material that can form in one or both of your kidneys when high levels of certain minerals are in your urine. Kidney stones rarely cause permanent damage if treated by a health care professional. You may have a kidney stone if you feel a sharp pain in your back, side, ... | What causes Kidney Stones in Adults ? | Kidney stones can form when substances in the urinesuch as calcium, oxalate, and phosphorusbecome highly concentrated. Certain foods may promote stone formation in people who are susceptible, but scientists do not believe that eating any specific food causes stones to form in people who are not susceptible. People who ... |
A kidney stone is a solid, pebble-like piece of material that can form in one or both of your kidneys when high levels of certain minerals are in your urine. Kidney stones rarely cause permanent damage if treated by a health care professional. You may have a kidney stone if you feel a sharp pain in your back, side, ... | What is (are) Kidney Stones in Adults ? | Four major types of kidney stones can form:
- Calcium stones are the most common type of kidney stone and occur in two major forms: calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. Calcium oxalate stones are more common. Calcium oxalate stone formation may be caused by high calcium and high oxalate excretion. Ca... |
A kidney stone is a solid, pebble-like piece of material that can form in one or both of your kidneys when high levels of certain minerals are in your urine. Kidney stones rarely cause permanent damage if treated by a health care professional. You may have a kidney stone if you feel a sharp pain in your back, side, ... | What are the symptoms of Kidney Stones in Adults ? | People with kidney stones may have pain while urinating, see blood in the urine, or feel a sharp pain in the back or lower abdomen. The pain may last for a short or long time. People may experience nausea and vomiting with the pain. However, people who have small stones that pass easily through the urinary tract may no... |
A kidney stone is a solid, pebble-like piece of material that can form in one or both of your kidneys when high levels of certain minerals are in your urine. Kidney stones rarely cause permanent damage if treated by a health care professional. You may have a kidney stone if you feel a sharp pain in your back, side, ... | How to diagnose Kidney Stones in Adults ? | To diagnose kidney stones, the health care provider will perform a physical exam and take a medical history. The medical history may include questions about family history of kidney stones, diet, GI problems, and other diseases and disorders. The health care provider may perform urine, blood, and imaging tests, such as... |
A kidney stone is a solid, pebble-like piece of material that can form in one or both of your kidneys when high levels of certain minerals are in your urine. Kidney stones rarely cause permanent damage if treated by a health care professional. You may have a kidney stone if you feel a sharp pain in your back, side, ... | What are the treatments for Kidney Stones in Adults ? | Treatment for kidney stones usually depends on their size and what they are made of, as well as whether they are causing pain or obstructing the urinary tract. Kidney stones may be treated by a general practitioner or by a urologista doctor who specializes in the urinary tract. Small stones usually pass through the uri... |
A kidney stone is a solid, pebble-like piece of material that can form in one or both of your kidneys when high levels of certain minerals are in your urine. Kidney stones rarely cause permanent damage if treated by a health care professional. You may have a kidney stone if you feel a sharp pain in your back, side, ... | How to prevent Kidney Stones in Adults ? | The first step in preventing kidney stones is to understand what is causing the stones to form. The health care provider may ask the person to try to catch the kidney stone as it passes, so it can be sent to a lab for analysis. Stones that are retrieved surgically can also be sent to a lab for analysis.
... |
A kidney stone is a solid, pebble-like piece of material that can form in one or both of your kidneys when high levels of certain minerals are in your urine. Kidney stones rarely cause permanent damage if treated by a health care professional. You may have a kidney stone if you feel a sharp pain in your back, side, ... | What to do for Kidney Stones in Adults ? | - A kidney stone is a solid piece of material that forms in a kidney when substances that are normally found in the urine become highly concentrated. - Kidney stones are one of the most common disorders of the urinary tract. - Certain foods may promote stone formation in people who are susceptible, but scientists do ... |
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| What is (are) Renal Artery Stenosis ? | Renal artery stenosis is the narrowing of one or both renal arteries. Renal means kidney and stenosis means narrowing. The renal arteries are blood vessels that carry blood to the kidneys from the aortathe main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to arteries throughout the body.
RVH is high ... |
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| What is (are) Renal Artery Stenosis ? | The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every day, the two kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, composed of wastes and extra fluid. |
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| What causes Renal Artery Stenosis ? | About 90 percent of RAS is caused by atherosclerosisclogging, narrowing, and hardening of the renal arteries.2 In these cases, RAS develops when plaquea sticky substance made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other material found in the bloodbuilds up on the inner wall of one or both renal arteries. Plaque buildup i... |
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| Who is at risk for Renal Artery Stenosis? ? | People at risk for artherosclerosis are also at risk for RAS. Risk factors for RAS caused by artherosclerosis include
- high blood cholesterol levels - high blood pressure - smoking - insulin resistance - diabetes - being overweight or obese - lack of physical activity - a diet high in fat, chol... |
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| What are the symptoms of Renal Artery Stenosis ? | In many cases, RAS has no symptoms until it becomes severe.
The signs of RAS are usually either high blood pressure or decreased kidney function, or both, but RAS is often overlooked as a cause of high blood pressure. RAS should be considered as a cause of high blood pressure in people who
... |
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| What are the complications of Renal Artery Stenosis ? | People with RAS are at increased risk for complications resulting from loss of kidney function or atherosclerosis occurring in other blood vessels, such as
- chronic kidney disease (CKD)reduced kidney function over a period of time - coronary artery diseasenarrowing and hardening of arteries that supp... |
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| How to diagnose Renal Artery Stenosis ? | A health care provider can diagnose RAS by listening to the abdomen with a stethoscope and performing imaging tests. When blood flows through a narrow artery, it sometimes makes a whooshing sound, called a bruit. The health care provider may place a stethoscope on the front or the side of the abdomen to listen for this... |
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| What are the treatments for Renal Artery Stenosis ? | Treatment for RAS includes lifestyle changes, medications, and surgery and aims to
- prevent RAS from getting worse - treat RVH - relieve the blockage of the renal arteries
RAS that has not led to RVH or caused a significant blockage of the artery may not need treatment. RAS that nee... |
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| What to do for Renal Artery Stenosis ? | Limiting intake of fats, cholesterol, sodium, and sugar can help prevent atherosclerosis, which can lead to RAS. Most sodium in the diet comes from salt. A healthy diet that prevents people from becoming overweight or obese can also help prevent atherosclerosis. People with RAS that has caused decreased kidney function... |
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| What to do for Renal Artery Stenosis ? | - Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is the narrowing of one or both renal arteries. The renal arteries are blood vessels that carry blood to the kidneys from the aortathe main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to arteries throughout the body. - Renovascular hypertension (RVH) is high blood pressure caused by RA... |
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| What is (are) What I need to know about Crohn's Disease ? | Crohn's disease is a disease that causes inflammation,* or swelling, and irritation of any part of the digestive tractalso called the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The part most commonly affected is the end part of the small intestine, called the ileum.
*See the Pronunciation Guide for tips on how to sa... |
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| Who is at risk for What I need to know about Crohn's Disease? ? | Both men and women can get Crohn's disease, and it can run in families. People with Crohns disease may have a blood relative with the disease or another type of IBD. Crohns disease most commonly starts between the ages of 13 and 30. |
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| What causes What I need to know about Crohn's Disease ? | Researchers are studying the possible causes of Crohns disease. Your bodys natural defense system, called the immune system, protects you from infection by fighting against bacteria, viruses, and other things that can make you sick. Researchers believe that with Crohns disease, the immune system attacks harmless bacter... |
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| What are the symptoms of What I need to know about Crohn's Disease ? | Crohn's disease symptoms can be different for each person. The most common symptoms of Crohns disease are
- abdominal painoften in the lower right area of the abdomen - diarrhea - bleeding in the rectum, which can be seen in a persons underwear, in the toilet, or in a bowel movement; rectal bleeding ... |
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| How to diagnose What I need to know about Crohn's Disease ? | A doctor will perform a physical exam and tests to diagnose Crohns disease. During your visit, the doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history.
The doctor may order blood tests, which involve drawing blood at a health care providers office or commercial facility and sending the sample to a ... |
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| What is (are) What I need to know about Crohn's Disease ? | Intestinal blockage can occur in people with Crohns disease when scar tissue blocks the intestinal passage. A narrow intestinal passage is called a stricture. When the passage blocks completely, food and stool stop moving, causing abdominal cramps and vomiting. If you have these symptoms, you should see a health care p... |
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| What are the treatments for What I need to know about Crohn's Disease ? | Treatment for Crohns disease depends on
- where the disease is located in the GI tract - what problems you already have from the disease - what past treatments you have had for the disease
The goals of treatment are to
- decrease the inflammation - relieve symptoms ... |
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| What to do for What I need to know about Crohn's Disease ? | Your health care provider may start you on a special diet, so you get extra nutrition and calories. High-calorie liquid supplements are often used to give you the extra calories and right amount of vitamins and minerals to keep you healthy. During acute phases of the disease, you may need to receive intravenous nutriti... |
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| What to do for What I need to know about Crohn's Disease ? | - Crohn's disease is a disease that causes inflammation, or swelling, and irritation of any part of the digestive tractalso called the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. - People with Crohns disease may have a blood relative with the disease or another type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). - Symptoms of Crohns disease ... |
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| What is (are) Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know ? | Hepatitis B is a liver disease spread through contact with blood, semen, or other body fluids from a person infected with the hepatitis B virus. The disease is most commonly spread from an infected mother to her infant at birth. Hepatitis B is also spread through sex, wound-to-wound contact, and contact with items that... |
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| What is (are) Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know ? | Hepatitis B may start as a brief, flu-like illness. Most healthy adults and children older than 5 completely recover after the bodys immune system gets rid of the virus.
Hepatitis B becomes chronic when the bodys immune system cant get rid of the virus. Over time, having the virus can lead to inflammat... |
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| Who is at risk for Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know? ? | Since 1986, a hepatitis B vaccine has been available and should be given to newborns and children in the United States. The vaccine, however, is unavailableor has only recently become availablein many parts of the world. You are at higher risk for hepatitis B if you or your mother was born in a region of the world wher... |
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| What are the symptoms of Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know ? | Hepatitis B is called a silent killer because many people have no symptoms, so the disease often progresses unnoticed for years. Unfortunately, many people first learn they have chronic hepatitis B when they develop symptoms of severe liver damage, which include
- yellowish eyes and skin, called jaundi... |
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| Who is at risk for Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know? ? | Anyone can get hepatitis B, but some people are at higher risk, including
- people who were born to a mother with hepatitis B - people who have close household contact with someone infected with the hepatitis B virus - people who have lived in parts of the world where hepatitis B is common, including... |
Hemochromatosis is a disorder in which extra iron builds up in the body to harmful levels. Without treatment, hemochromatosis can cause iron overload, a buildup of iron that can damage many parts of the body, including your liver, heart, pancreas, endocrine glands, and joints. With the buildup of harmful levels of ir... | What is (are) Hemochromatosis ? | Hemochromatosis is the most common form of iron overload disease. Too much iron in the body causes hemochromatosis. Iron is important because it is part of hemoglobin, a molecule in the blood that transports oxygen from the lungs to all body tissues. However, too much iron in the body leads to iron overloada buildup of... |
Hemochromatosis is a disorder in which extra iron builds up in the body to harmful levels. Without treatment, hemochromatosis can cause iron overload, a buildup of iron that can damage many parts of the body, including your liver, heart, pancreas, endocrine glands, and joints. With the buildup of harmful levels of ir... | What causes Hemochromatosis ? | Primary Hemochromatosis
Inherited genetic defects cause primary hemochromatosis, and mutations in the HFE gene are associated with up to 90 percent of cases.1 The HFE gene helps regulate the amount of iron absorbed from food. The two known mutations of HFE are C282Y and H63D. C282Y defects are the most... |
Hemochromatosis is a disorder in which extra iron builds up in the body to harmful levels. Without treatment, hemochromatosis can cause iron overload, a buildup of iron that can damage many parts of the body, including your liver, heart, pancreas, endocrine glands, and joints. With the buildup of harmful levels of ir... | What are the symptoms of Hemochromatosis ? | A person with hemochromatosis may notice one or more of the following symptoms:
- joint pain - fatigue, or feeling tired - unexplained weight loss - abnormal bronze or gray skin color - abdominal pain - loss of sex drive
Not everyone with hemochromatosis will develop these symptom... |
Hemochromatosis is a disorder in which extra iron builds up in the body to harmful levels. Without treatment, hemochromatosis can cause iron overload, a buildup of iron that can damage many parts of the body, including your liver, heart, pancreas, endocrine glands, and joints. With the buildup of harmful levels of ir... | What are the complications of Hemochromatosis ? | Without treatment, iron may build up in the organs and cause complications, including
- cirrhosis, or scarring of liver tissue - diabetes - irregular heart rhythms or weakening of the heart muscle - arthritis - erectile dysfunction
The complication most often associated with hemoch... |
Hemochromatosis is a disorder in which extra iron builds up in the body to harmful levels. Without treatment, hemochromatosis can cause iron overload, a buildup of iron that can damage many parts of the body, including your liver, heart, pancreas, endocrine glands, and joints. With the buildup of harmful levels of ir... | How to diagnose Hemochromatosis ? | Health care providers use medical and family history, a physical exam, and routine blood tests to diagnose hemochromatosis or other conditions that could cause the same symptoms or complications.
- Medical and family history. Taking a medical and family history is one of the first things a health care ... |
Hemochromatosis is a disorder in which extra iron builds up in the body to harmful levels. Without treatment, hemochromatosis can cause iron overload, a buildup of iron that can damage many parts of the body, including your liver, heart, pancreas, endocrine glands, and joints. With the buildup of harmful levels of ir... | What are the treatments for Hemochromatosis ? | Health care providers treat hemochromatosis by drawing blood. This process is called phlebotomy. Phlebotomy rids the body of extra iron. This treatment is simple, inexpensive, and safe.
Based on the severity of the iron overload, a patient will have phlebotomy to remove a pint of blood once or twice a ... |
Hemochromatosis is a disorder in which extra iron builds up in the body to harmful levels. Without treatment, hemochromatosis can cause iron overload, a buildup of iron that can damage many parts of the body, including your liver, heart, pancreas, endocrine glands, and joints. With the buildup of harmful levels of ir... | What to do for Hemochromatosis ? | Iron is an essential nutrient found in many foods. Healthy people usually absorb less than 10 percent of iron in the food they eat.6 People with hemochromatosis absorb up to 30 percent of that iron.6 People with hemochromatosis can help prevent iron overload by
- eating only moderate amounts of iron-ri... |
Hemochromatosis is a disorder in which extra iron builds up in the body to harmful levels. Without treatment, hemochromatosis can cause iron overload, a buildup of iron that can damage many parts of the body, including your liver, heart, pancreas, endocrine glands, and joints. With the buildup of harmful levels of ir... | What to do for Hemochromatosis ? | - Hemochromatosis is the most common form of iron overload disease. Too much iron in the body causes hemochromatosis. - Inherited genetic defects cause primary hemochromatosis. - Primary hemochromatosis mainly affects Caucasians of Northern European descent. - A person with hemochromatosis may notice one or more of ... |
On this page: Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms that indicate your kidneys are not working properly. These symptoms include Your kidneys are made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule. The glomerulus filters your blood, and the... | What is (are) Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults ? | Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms that indicate kidney damage. Nephrotic syndrome includes the following:
- proteinurialarge amounts of protein in the urine - hyperlipidemiahigher than normal fat and cholesterol levels in the blood - edema, or swelling, usually in the legs, feet, or ankl... |
On this page: Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms that indicate your kidneys are not working properly. These symptoms include Your kidneys are made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule. The glomerulus filters your blood, and the... | What causes Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults ? | Nephrotic syndrome can be caused by diseases that affect only the kidneys, such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) or membranous nephropathy. Diseases that affect only the kidneys are called primary causes of nephrotic syndrome. The glomeruli are usually the targets of these diseases for reasons that are not ... |
On this page: Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms that indicate your kidneys are not working properly. These symptoms include Your kidneys are made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule. The glomerulus filters your blood, and the... | What are the symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults ? | In addition to proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, edema, and hypoalbumina, people with nephrotic syndrome may experience
- weight gain - fatigue - foamy urine - loss of appetite |
On this page: Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms that indicate your kidneys are not working properly. These symptoms include Your kidneys are made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule. The glomerulus filters your blood, and the... | What are the complications of Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults ? | The loss of different proteins from the body can lead to a variety of complications in people with nephrotic syndrome. Blood clots can form when proteins that normally prevent them are lost through the urine. Blood clots can block the flow of blood and oxygen through a blood vessel. Loss of immunoglobulinsimmune system... |
On this page: Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms that indicate your kidneys are not working properly. These symptoms include Your kidneys are made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule. The glomerulus filters your blood, and the... | How to diagnose Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults ? | Urine samples are taken to diagnose people suspected of having nephrotic syndrome.
Nephrotic syndrome is diagnosed when large amounts of protein are found in the urine. The blood protein albumin makes up much of the protein that is lost, though many other important proteins are also lost in nephrotic s... |
On this page: Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms that indicate your kidneys are not working properly. These symptoms include Your kidneys are made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule. The glomerulus filters your blood, and the... | What are the treatments for Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults ? | Treating nephrotic syndrome includes addressing the underlying cause as well as taking steps to reduce high blood pressure, edema, high cholesterol, and the risks of infection. Treatment usually includes medications and changes in diet.
Medications that lower blood pressure can also significantly slow ... |
On this page: Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms that indicate your kidneys are not working properly. These symptoms include Your kidneys are made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule. The glomerulus filters your blood, and the... | What to do for Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults ? | Eating, diet, and nutrition have not been shown to play a role in causing or preventing nephrotic syndrome in adults. For people who have developed nephrotic syndrome, limiting intake of dietary sodium, often from salt, and fluid may be recommended to help reduce edema. A diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol may a... |
On this page: Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms that indicate your kidneys are not working properly. These symptoms include Your kidneys are made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule. The glomerulus filters your blood, and the... | What to do for Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults ? | - Nephrotic syndrome includes the following: - proteinurialarge amounts of protein in the urine - hyperlipidemiahigher than normal fat and cholesterol levels in the blood - edema, or swelling, usually in the legs, feet, or ankles and less often in the hands or face - hypoalbuminialow levels albumin in the... |
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| What is (are) Diabetic Kidney Disease ? | Diabetic kidney disease, also called diabetic nephropathy, is kidney disease caused by diabetes. Even when well controlled, diabetes can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney failure, described as end-stage kidney disease or ESRD when treated with a kidney transplant or blood-filtering treatments called dialy... |
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| What is (are) Diabetic Kidney Disease ? | The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every day, the two kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, composed of wastes and extra fluid. The urine flows from the kidneys... |
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| What is (are) Diabetic Kidney Disease ? | Diabetes is a complex group of diseases with a variety of causes. People with diabetes have high blood glucose, also called high blood sugar or hyperglycemia.
Diabetes is a disorder of metabolism the way the body uses digested food for energy. The digestive tract breaks down carbohydratessugars and sta... |
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| What are the symptoms of Diabetic Kidney Disease ? | People with diabetic kidney disease do not have symptoms in the early stages. As kidney disease progresses, a person can develop edema, or swelling. Edema happens when the kidneys cannot get rid of the extra fluid and salt in the body. Edema can occur in the legs, feet, or ankles and less often in the hands or face. On... |
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| How to diagnose Diabetic Kidney Disease ? | A health care provider diagnoses diabetic kidney disease based on
- a medical and family history - a physical exam - urine tests - a blood test
Medical and Family History
Taking a medical and family history is one of the first things a health care provider may do to... |
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| How to diagnose Diabetic Kidney Disease ? | People with diabetes should get regular screenings for kidney disease. The National Kidney Disease Education Program recommends the following:
- urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio measured at least once a year in all people with type 2 diabetes and people who have had type 1 diabetes for 5 years or more... |
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