id int32 0 100k | text stringlengths 20 3.54k | source stringlengths 1 104 | similarity float32 0.8 0.91 |
|---|---|---|---|
92,500 | Carbon monoxide has a wide range of functions across all disciplines of chemistry. The four premier categories of reactivity involve metal-carbonyl catalysis, radical chemistry, cation and anion chemistries. | Carbon Monoxide | 0.797337 |
92,501 | Crossovers can also be constructed with mixed-order filters. For example, a second-order low-pass filter can be combined with a third-order high-pass filter. These are generally passive and are used for several reasons, often when the component values are found by computer program optimization. A higher-order tweeter c... | Active crossover | 0.797337 |
92,502 | The U.S. National Research Council (NRC) concurs that new means of assessment are needed to keep pace with recent advances in the development of toxicological test methods, capitalizing on enhanced scientific understanding through modern biochemistry and molecular biology.A key tool in evidence-based medicine that hold... | Evidence-based toxicology | 0.797337 |
92,503 | One of the approaches to representations of finite groups is through module theory. Representations of a group G {\displaystyle G} are replaced by modules over its group algebra K {\displaystyle K} (to be precise, there is an isomorphism of categories between K -Mod {\displaystyle K{\text{-Mod}}} and Rep G {\displays... | Maschke's theorem | 0.797336 |
92,504 | International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ) Alfred P. Sloan Foundation program in Microbiology of the Built Environment | Microbiomes of the built environment | 0.797336 |
92,505 | In computer science, the precision of a numerical quantity is a measure of the detail in which the quantity is expressed. This is usually measured in bits, but sometimes in decimal digits. It is related to precision in mathematics, which describes the number of digits that are used to express a value. | Precision (computer science) | 0.797336 |
92,506 | In differential geometry the Hitchin–Thorpe inequality is a relation which restricts the topology of 4-manifolds that carry an Einstein metric. | Hitchin–Thorpe inequality | 0.797336 |
92,507 | The astroecology results above suggest that humans can expand life in the galaxy through space travel or directed panspermia. The amounts of possible life that can be established in the galaxy, as projected by astroecology, are immense. These projections are based on information about 15 billion past years since the Bi... | Astroecology | 0.797336 |
92,508 | In some cases search and rescue diving teams may also be part of a fire department, paramedical service or lifeguard unit, and may be classed as public service diving.There are also professional divers involved with the underwater environment, such as underwater photographers or underwater videographers, who document t... | Scuba set | 0.797336 |
92,509 | Continuous simulation is a simulation based on continuous-time rather than discrete-time steps, using numerical integration of differential equations.Discrete-event simulation studies systems whose states change their values only at discrete times. For example, a simulation of an epidemic could change the number of inf... | Simulation of production systems | 0.797336 |
92,510 | Research and development of next generation space launch vehicles is done on Pleiades using cutting-edge analysis tools and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation in order to create more efficient and affordable space launch system and vehicle designs. Research has also been done on reducing noise c... | Pleiades (supercomputer) | 0.797336 |
92,511 | Schaum's Easy Outline of Calculus (paperback). Schaum's Easy Outlines (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. | Elliott Mendelson | 0.797336 |
92,512 | Ibercivis projects that have been completed or discontinued as of May 2020 include: Fusion: a star on your screen: this application helped scientists at the Research Center for Energy Environment and Technology (CIEMAT) and at the Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI) perform simulations of... | Ibercivis | 0.797336 |
92,513 | Various techniques exist to train policies to solve tasks with deep reinforcement learning algorithms, each having their own benefits. At the highest level, there is a distinction between model-based and model-free reinforcement learning, which refers to whether the algorithm attempts to learn a forward model of the en... | Deep reinforcement learning | 0.797336 |
92,514 | In number theory, the class number formula relates many important invariants of a number field to a special value of its Dedekind zeta function. | Class number formula | 0.797335 |
92,515 | Dual-drive hybrid systems combine the usage of separate SSD and HDD devices installed in the same computer. Performance optimizations are managed in one of three ways: By the computer user, who manually places more frequently accessed data onto the faster drive. By the computer's operating system software, which combin... | Hybrid volume | 0.797335 |
92,516 | In mathematics, specifically transcendental number theory, the six exponentials theorem is a result that, given the right conditions on the exponents, guarantees the transcendence of at least one of a set of exponentials. | Six exponentials theorem | 0.797334 |
92,517 | This theorem is important in constructing a configuration interaction method, among other applications. Another interpretation of the theorem is that the ground electronic states solved by one-particle methods (such as HF or DFT) already imply configuration interaction of the ground-state configuration with the singly ... | Brillouin theorem | 0.797334 |
92,518 | In topology, a topological space may be defined as a set of points endowed with certain properties, but in the general setting, the nature of these "points" is left entirely undefined. Likewise, in category theory, a category consists of "objects" and "arrows", which are again primitive, undefined terms. This allows su... | Undefined (mathematics) | 0.797334 |
92,519 | Leipzig: Teubner. Bertrand Russell (1898) An Essay on the Foundations of Geometry, re-issued 1956 by Dover Publications, Inc. Alfred North Whitehead (1898) Universal Algebra, Book VI Chapter 1: Theory of Distance, pp 347–70, especially Section 199 Cayley's Theory of Distance. Hausdorff, F. | Cayley metric | 0.797334 |
92,520 | Concordia Station shares many stressor characteristics similar to that of long-duration deep-space missions, in particular extreme isolation and confinement, and therefore serves as a useful analogue platform for research relevant to space medicine. During the winter, the crew are isolated from the outside world, havin... | Concordia Station | 0.797333 |
92,521 | The last term has constant expected value because the noise is uncorrelated and has zero mean. We can therefore drop both terms from the optimization. | Matched filter | 0.797333 |
92,522 | "Pharmaco" originates from the Greek word "pharmakon", which means drugs or poisons; while "cybernetics" originates from the Greek word "kubernetes", which means "the art of steering". Norbert Wiener first defined cybernetics as the science or study of "control and communication in the animal and the machine". Since th... | Pharmacocybernetics | 0.797333 |
92,523 | In the mathematical surgery theory the surgery exact sequence is the main technical tool to calculate the surgery structure set of a compact manifold in dimension > 4 {\displaystyle >4} . The surgery structure set S ( X ) {\displaystyle {\mathcal {S}}(X)} of a compact n {\displaystyle n} -dimensional manifold X {\displ... | Surgery exact sequence | 0.797332 |
92,524 | He completed an undergraduate thesis, "A theory for the interaction of ecology and the social order," that blended history of ecology with social philosophy and environmental ethics. Immediately upon graduation with a Bachelor of Independent Studies (B.I.S.) in 1979, he took up an internship at the Hastings Centre (Ins... | Eric Higgs (environmental scholar) | 0.797332 |
92,525 | In modern mathematical analysis, it is often instead defined without any reference to geometry; therefore, it also appears in areas having little to do with geometry, such as number theory and statistics. The ubiquity of π makes it one of the most widely known mathematical constants inside and outside of science. Sever... | Archimedes' constant | 0.797332 |
92,526 | Corrosion deposits will normally have composition related to the composition of the substrate. Also, the geometry of the metal-oxide and oxide-fluid interfaces may allow practical distinction between the corrosion and fouling deposits. An example of corrosion fouling can be formation of an iron oxide or oxyhydroxide de... | Fouling | 0.797332 |
92,527 | Eudoxus (408–355 BCE) and Theaetetus (417–369 BCE) formulated theorems but did not prove them. Aristotle (384–322 BCE) said definitions should describe the concept being defined in terms of other concepts already known. | Geometric proof | 0.797331 |
92,528 | By analogy with the photon, which has spin 1, he investigated the consequences of a free massless spin 2 field and derived the Einstein field equation of general relativity, but little more. The computational device that Feynman discovered then for gravity, "ghosts", which are "particles" in the interior of his diagram... | Richard Feynman | 0.797331 |
92,529 | There, he focused on determining the physical and chemical properties of semiconductor clusters. In 1992, he became Professor of Chemistry at Northwestern University, and was later named Dow Chemical Company Research Professor in 2000. While at Northwestern, he worked on advanced mass spectrometry-based-methods to stud... | Martin F. Jarrold | 0.797331 |
92,530 | Automatic summarization is the process of shortening a set of data computationally, to create a subset (a summary) that represents the most important or relevant information within the original content. Artificial intelligence algorithms are commonly developed and employed to achieve this, specialized for different typ... | Automatic summarisation | 0.79733 |
92,531 | The generalization in higher dimension may be stated as: Let n projective hypersurfaces be given in a projective space of dimension n over an algebraically closed field, which are defined by n homogeneous polynomials in n + 1 variables, of degrees d 1 , … , d n . {\displaystyle d_{1},\ldots ,d_{n}.} Then either the num... | Bézout's theorem | 0.79733 |
92,532 | Condensation is a probabilistic algorithm that attempts to solve this problem. The algorithm itself is described in detail by Isard and Blake in a publication in the International Journal of Computer Vision in 1998. One of the most interesting facets of the algorithm is that it does not compute on every pixel of the im... | Condensation algorithm | 0.79733 |
92,533 | The adjustable nature of adaptive trials inherently suggests the use of Bayesian statistical analysis. Bayesian statistics inherently address updating information such as that seen in adaptive trials that change from updated information derived from interim analysis. The problem of adaptive clinical trial design is mor... | Adaptive design (medicine) | 0.79733 |
92,534 | That money covered the approximately $5 million that NTI had put into development of memantine.In 2004 NTI acquired Empire Pharmaceuticals, which had one product: ancrod (Viprinex). Empire had been formed by former employees of Knoll Pharmaceuticals, the German company that had discovered and started developing ancrod,... | Neurobiological Technologies | 0.79733 |
92,535 | Radio Physics Laboratory(RPL) is a joint initiative of National Centre for Radio Astrophysics (NCRA-TIFR) and Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA). It has set up several radio antennas in the campus itself. These contain 3-metre and 4-metre radio antennas as well as the construction of a 15-me... | National Centre for Radio Astrophysics | 0.79733 |
92,536 | In algebraic geometry and complex geometry, the Harder–Narasimhan stratification is any of a stratification of the moduli stack of principal G-bundles by locally closed substacks in terms of "loci of instabilities". In the original form due to Harder and Narasimhan, G was the general linear group; i.e., the moduli stac... | Harder–Narasimhan stratification | 0.79733 |
92,537 | In chemistry, homogeneous catalysis is catalysis where the catalyst is in same phase as reactants, principally by a soluble catalyst a in solution. In contrast, heterogeneous catalysis describes processes where the catalysts and substrate are in distinct phases, typically solid-gas, respectively. The term is used almos... | Homogeneous catalysis | 0.79733 |
92,538 | Eventually, Ögelman arranged for funding from the Ford Foundation and the USAID to start a modern research laboratory in the campus. He also took an interest in the local economy and needs of the people, and encouraged the faculty to research in fields with most benefit to the region. One of the most important topics t... | Hakkı Ögelman | 0.79733 |
92,539 | As background on the geometry covered in this book, reviewer R. P. Burn suggests two other books, Modern Geometry: The Straight Line and Circle by C. V. Durell, and Geometry: A Comprehensive Course by Daniel Pedoe.Other books using complex numbers for analytic geometry include Complex Numbers and Geometry by Liang-shin... | Geometry of Complex Numbers | 0.79733 |
92,540 | In type theory, the type of functions accepting values of type A and returning values of type B may be written as A → B or BA. In the Curry–Howard correspondence, function types are related to logical implication; lambda abstraction corresponds to discharging hypothetical assumptions and function application correspond... | First-class functions | 0.797329 |
92,541 | A cut is minimum if the size or weight of the cut is not larger than the size of any other cut. The illustration on the right shows a minimum cut: the size of this cut is 2, and there is no cut of size 1 because the graph is bridgeless. The max-flow min-cut theorem proves that the maximum network flow and the sum of th... | Cut set | 0.797329 |
92,542 | A photocathode is a surface engineered to convert light (photons) into electrons using the photoelectric effect. Photocathodes are important in accelerator physics where they are utilised in a photoinjector to generate high brightness electron beams. Electron beams generated with photocathodes are commonly used for fre... | Photocathode | 0.797329 |
92,543 | The term was coined in 2004 by Ralf Aurich, Sven Lustig, Frank Steiner, and Holger Then in their paper Hyperbolic Universes with a Horned Topology and the CMB Anisotropy.The model was chosen in an attempt to describe the microwave background radiation apparent in the universe, and has finite volume and useful spectral ... | Picard horn | 0.797329 |
92,544 | For systems formulated in the sequent calculus, analytic proofs are those proofs that do not use Cut. Typically such a proof will be longer, of course, and not necessarily trivially so. In his essay "Don't Eliminate Cut!" George Boolos demonstrated that there was a derivation that could be completed in a page using cut... | Cut elimination theorem | 0.797329 |
92,545 | As a consequence of quantum spin tunneling, the magnetization of a system can switch between states with opposite magnetization that are separated by an energy barrier much larger than thermal energy. Thus, quantum spin tunneling provides a pathway to magnetization switching forbidden in classical physics. Whereas quan... | Quantum spin tunneling | 0.797329 |
92,546 | in chemical engineering from the University of Illinois in 1983 and 1985 respectively. He was a research scientist at the Eastman Kodak Research Laboratories in Rochester, New York from 1985 to 1987. He has been on the faculty of UCSD since 1987. | Constantine Pozrikidis | 0.797328 |
92,547 | The gene responsible for this defect is the KIT gene and the disease is studied in the hope that it may shed light on the causes of hereditary deafness in humans. Mutations in this gene also causes white spotting.Since a large variety of coat patterns exist within the various cat breeds, the cat is an excellent animal ... | Cat genetics | 0.797328 |
92,548 | Currently the organization is focused on establishing Global Alliance for Nano-Bio-Electronics through its National Center for NanoBioElectronic and has shaped policies in the field of Nanoneuroscience and Nanoneurosurgery. In this regard, the foundation has established significant ties with international partners and ... | Brain Mapping Foundation | 0.797328 |
92,549 | While bivectors are isomorphic to vectors (via the dual) in three dimensions they can be represented by skew-symmetric matrices in any dimension. This is useful for relating bivectors to problems described by matrices, so they can be re-cast in terms of bivectors, given a geometric interpretation, then often solved mor... | Oriented plane segment | 0.797327 |
92,550 | Xing Qiyi (Chinese: 邢其毅; pinyin: Xíng Qíyì; Wade–Giles: Hsing Ch'i-i) was a Chinese organic chemist who contributed to the total synthesis of bovine insulin, Xing is still well-known nowadays in China as the main editor of a highly-influential organic chemistry textbook. He was a member of China Democratic League since... | Xing Qiyi | 0.797327 |
92,551 | The Airy function example can be generalized to a broad class of second order linear differential equations as follows. By standard changes of variables, a second order equation can often be changed to one of the form d 2 w d z 2 = f ( z ) w {\displaystyle {\frac {d^{2}w}{dz^{2}}}=f(z)w} where f is holomorphic in a sim... | Stokes phenomenon | 0.797327 |
92,552 | In addition to printer type, specific printer parameters significantly impact the final performance of 3D printed concrete and must be carefully selected when planning for 3D printing construction. These parameters can simply be broken down into print head design and print speed. | 3D concrete printing | 0.797326 |
92,553 | A physical data model (or database design) is a representation of a data design as implemented, or intended to be implemented, in a database management system. In the lifecycle of a project it typically derives from a logical data model, though it may be reverse-engineered from a given database implementation. A comple... | Physical schema | 0.797326 |
92,554 | Also, by arguments analogous to the derivation of Boltzmann statistics, the ratio of N i {\displaystyle N_{i}} and N j {\displaystyle N_{j}} is g i / g j exp ( E j − E i ) / ( k T ) , {\displaystyle g_{i}/g_{j}\exp {(E_{j}-E_{i})/(kT)},} where g i {\displaystyle g_{i}} and g j {\displaystyle g_{j}} are the degeneracy... | Light quanta | 0.797326 |
92,555 | Genetic studies of common diseases in humans suffer significant limitations for practical and ethical reasons. Human cell lines can be used to model disease but it is difficult to study processes at the tissue level, within an organ or across the entire body. Mice can be a good representation of diseases in humans beca... | Mouse models of breast cancer metastasis | 0.797325 |
92,556 | The Poincaré conjecture, proposed by mathematician Henri Poincaré in 1904, was throughout the 20th century regarded as a key problem in topology. On the 3-sphere, defined as the set of points at unit length from the origin in four-dimensional Euclidean space, any loop can be contracted into a point. Poincaré suggested ... | Grigori Perelman | 0.797325 |
92,557 | In 1917, it was known that extract of cow pineals lightened frog skin. Dermatology professor Aaron B. Lerner and colleagues at Yale University, hoping that a substance from the pineal might be useful in treating skin diseases, isolated and named the hormone melatonin in 1958. The substance did not prove to be helpful a... | Pineal organ | 0.797325 |
92,558 | In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 45 is a family of glycoside hydrolases. Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside h... | Glycoside hydrolase family 45 | 0.797325 |
92,559 | Finally, sequent calculus generalizes the form of a natural deduction judgment to A 1 , … , A n ⊢ B 1 , … , B k , {\displaystyle A_{1},\ldots ,A_{n}\vdash B_{1},\ldots ,B_{k},} a syntactic object called a sequent. The formulas on left-hand side of the turnstile are called the antecedent, and the formulas on right-hand ... | Sequent calculus | 0.797324 |
92,560 | Like a number of other results in combinatorics, Dilworth's theorem is equivalent to Kőnig's theorem on bipartite graph matching and several other related theorems including Hall's marriage theorem (Fulkerson 1956). To prove Dilworth's theorem for a partial order S with n elements, using Kőnig's theorem, define a bipar... | Chain decomposition | 0.797323 |
92,561 | All of the light that is striking the concentrator across the full circular area is reflected to the same spot, as long as the concentrator is pointed at the sun. The wide hemisphere faces the sun. The concentrators are mounted on poles in rigid rigs (ten feet above the ground); the rigs allow a computer system to move... | Cool Earth Solar | 0.797323 |
92,562 | The Tesla Roadster (2008) and other cars produced by the company used a modified form of traditional lithium-ion "laptop battery" cells. Recent EVs are using new variations on lithium-ion chemistry that sacrifice specific energy and specific power to provide fire resistance, environmental friendliness, rapid charging (... | Traction battery | 0.797323 |
92,563 | As a major component of plants, xylan is potentially a significant source of renewable energy especially for second generation biofuels. However, xylose (backbone of xylan) is a pentose sugar that is hard to ferment during biofuel conversion because microorganisms like yeast cannot ferment pentose naturally. == Referen... | Xylan | 0.797323 |
92,564 | This is "special relativity" as usually understood. A description of physics without gravity using arbitrary curvilinear coordinates. This is non-gravitational physics plus general covariance. | Formulations of special relativity | 0.797323 |
92,565 | The location where the organism lives and substrate concentration also affect isotopic composition: rumen methanogenesis, which occurs in a more closed system and with higher partial pressures of hydrogen, exhibits a greater fractionation (−300 to −400‰) than wetland methanogenesis (−250 to −170‰). Recent advances in a... | Hydrogen isotope biogeochemistry | 0.797323 |
92,566 | In mathematics, surfaces of class VII are non-algebraic complex surfaces studied by (Kodaira 1964, 1968) that have Kodaira dimension −∞ and first Betti number 1. Minimal surfaces of class VII (those with no rational curves with self-intersection −1) are called surfaces of class VII0. Every class VII surface is biration... | Global spherical shell | 0.797323 |
92,567 | In quantum mechanics, mixed states are described by density matrices, which are certain trace class operators. Trace-class operators are essentially the same as nuclear operators, though many authors reserve the term "trace-class operator" for the special case of nuclear operators on Hilbert spaces and use the term "nu... | Trace class operator | 0.797322 |
92,568 | The research magazine Horizons (German title: Horizonte, French title: Horizons) is a joint publication of the Swiss National Science Foundation and the Swiss Academies of Arts and Sciences (it was edited by the SNSF alone before 2012). In four quarterly editions, it reports on the latest results and insights from all ... | Swiss National Science Foundation | 0.797322 |
92,569 | Freyd obtained his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1960; his dissertation, on Functor Theory, was written under the supervision of Norman Steenrod and David Buchsbaum. Freyd is best known for his adjoint functor theorem. He was the author of the foundational book Abelian Categories: An Introduction to the Theory of ... | Peter J. Freyd | 0.797322 |
92,570 | Designing DNA-binding proteins that have a specified DNA-binding site has been an important goal for biotechnology. Zinc finger proteins have been designed to bind to specific DNA sequences and this is the basis of zinc finger nucleases. Recently transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) have been create... | DNA binding ligand | 0.797321 |
92,571 | Many permutation statistics and other features of the combinatorics of finite permutations can be extended to the affine case. | Affine symmetric group | 0.79732 |
92,572 | The Institution of Mechanical Engineers has a number of committees that work to promote and develop thought leadership in different industry sectors. The Institution has 8 divisions: - Aerospace, Automobile, Biomedical Engineering Association, Construction & Building Services, Manufacturing Industries, Power Industries... | Institution of Mechanical Engineers | 0.79732 |
92,573 | Lev T. Perelman is an American biological physicist and bioengineer at Harvard. He holds the Mary Tolan and Edward Grzelakowski Endowed Chair, is a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, and is the Director of the Center for Advanced Biomedical Imaging and Photonics at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. He... | Lev T. Perelman | 0.79732 |
92,574 | The last step in the equality can be seen from the figure. Now applying the distributivity of the geometric version of the dot product gives which is precisely the algebraic definition of the dot product. So the geometric dot product equals the algebraic dot product. | Scalar product | 0.79732 |
92,575 | While working with Dirac, Sachs also had the opportunity to discuss ideas with John G. Taylor, John Polkinghorne and graduate students at DAMTP. In 1965 Sachs had had a breakthrough while at the Aspen Center for Physics, Colorado. Sachs was able to derive a result for a unified field theory if quantum mechanics was con... | Mendel Sachs | 0.79732 |
92,576 | The scale was calibrated by defining a magnitude 0 shock as one that produces (at a distance of 100 km (62 mi)) a maximum amplitude of 1 micron (1 µm, or 0.001 millimeters) on a seismogram recorded by a Wood-Anderson torsion seismometer. Finally, Richter calculated a table of distance corrections, in that for distances... | Richter magnitude | 0.79732 |
92,577 | Similarly, Aaron D. Blackwell argued that Jablonka and Lamb propose a new theory of evolution based on the four dimensions they describe, but fail to detail what exactly such a theory would look like. Blackwell acknowledges, however, that "it is hard to fault them for this one" because "ur understandings of epigenetics... | Evolution in Four Dimensions | 0.79732 |
92,578 | Such a view is fundamental in the field of general topology, where limits and continuity at a point are defined in terms of special families of subsets, called filters, or generalized sequences known as nets. Alternatively, the requirement that Y be a Hausdorff space can be relaxed to the assumption that Y be a general... | Epsilon-delta definition | 0.797319 |
92,579 | NTRU is an open-source public-key cryptosystem that uses lattice-based cryptography to encrypt and decrypt data. It consists of two algorithms: NTRUEncrypt, which is used for encryption, and NTRUSign, which is used for digital signatures. Unlike other popular public-key cryptosystems, it is resistant to attacks using S... | NTRU Prime | 0.797319 |
92,580 | A Nv network is a term used in BEAM robotics referring to the small electrical Neural Networks that make up the bulk of BEAM-based robot control mechanisms. | Nv network | 0.797318 |
92,581 | An alphanumeric grid (also known as atlas grid) is a simple coordinate system on a grid in which each cell is identified by a combination of a letter and a number.An advantage over numeric coordinates such as easting and northing, which use two numbers instead of a number and a letter to refer to a grid cell, is that t... | Alpha-numeric grid | 0.797318 |
92,582 | Behavioral ecology – Study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures – Chemical ecology – Study of chemically-mediated interactiond between living organisms – which deals with the ecological role of biological chemicals used in a wide range of areas including defense against predators an... | Outline of ecology | 0.797317 |
92,583 | In geometry, a real projective line is a projective line over the real numbers. It is an extension of the usual concept of a line that has been historically introduced to solve a problem set by visual perspective: two parallel lines do not intersect but seem to intersect "at infinity". For solving this problem, points ... | Real projective line | 0.797317 |
92,584 | Astrobiology Instrument Development. MSL Parachute Enhancement. Autonomous safe long-distance travel. | Astrobiology Field Laboratory | 0.797317 |
92,585 | All carbon blacks have chemisorbed oxygen complexes (i.e., carboxylic, quinonic, lactonic, phenolic groups and others) on their surfaces to varying degrees depending on the conditions of manufacture. These surface oxygen groups are collectively referred to as volatile content. It is also known to be a non-conductive ma... | Carbon nanoparticles | 0.797317 |
92,586 | One was by George Peacock on differential and integral calculus; the other was by Herschel on the calculus of finite differences. They were joined in this by Whewell, who in 1819 published a book, An Elementary Treatise on Mechanics, which used the new notation and which became a standard textbook on the subject.John A... | Analytical Society | 0.797317 |
92,587 | Gifts of the two science schools, We need such technics (1960) Starships should furrow cosmos (1962) Man walking the Moon (1962) Chemistry is making continents (1963) Way through the "no way" (1964) Dispute about a strange planet (1966) Path of the thought (1982) | Dmitri Bilenkin | 0.797317 |
92,588 | This star was observed by the VLT Flames Tarantula Survey collaboration using the VLT, Very Large Telescope in Chile. One member of this team is Matteo Cantiello, an Italian astrophysicist who emigrated to the United States and is currently working at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics at University of Califor... | VFTS 102 | 0.797317 |
92,589 | It is prepared by combining solutions cobaltous sulfate and sodium bicarbonate: CoSO4 + 2 NaHCO3 → CoCO3 + Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2This reaction is used in the precipitation of cobalt from an extract of its roasted ores.CoCO3 adopts a structure like calcite, consisting of cobalt in an octahedral coordination geometry. | Cobalt carbonate | 0.797316 |
92,590 | : 196 As a director and chairman, Alferov sought to ensure support for scientific research through a time of changing political and economic conditions.Alferov worked to foster relationships between early educational institutions and scientific research institutions to train the next generation of scientists, citing Pe... | Zhores Alferov | 0.797316 |
92,591 | Recognizing the speaker can simplify the task of translating speech in systems that have been trained on a specific person's voice or it can be used to authenticate or verify the identity of a speaker as part of a security process. From the technology perspective, speech recognition has a long history with several wave... | Speech recognizer | 0.797316 |
92,592 | In mesoscopic physics, a quantum wire is an electrically conducting wire in which quantum effects influence the transport properties. Usually such effects appear in the dimension of nanometers, so they are also referred to as nanowires. | Quantum wires | 0.797316 |
92,593 | He states It is hardly necessary to add, that this method would not be practically useful on account of the complexity of the linkwork employed, a necessary consequence of the perfect generality of the demonstration. He then calls for the "mathematical artist" to find simpler ways to achieve this result: The method has... | Kempe's universality theorem | 0.797315 |
92,594 | By 1970, Millipore had established subsidiaries in seven countries. The company opened manufacturing plants in Jaffrey, New Hampshire; Molsheim, France; Cork, Ireland; and other locations. Millipore's 2006 acquisition of Serologicals Corporation provided entry to high-growth markets for drug discovery products and serv... | Merck Millipore | 0.797315 |
92,595 | The Centre for High Energy Physics (CHEP) is a federally funded national research institute and a national laboratory site managed by the University of Punjab for the Ministry of Energy (MoE) of the Federal government of Pakistan. CHEP is dedicated towards the scientific advancement and understanding of high energy phy... | Centre for High Energy Physics | 0.797315 |
92,596 | Users create geometry either by using the native TracePro CAD interface or by importing models directly from SolidWorks, Pro/ENGINEER, Solid Edge, Autodesk Inventor or other CAD product that exports IGES or STEP models. TracePro additionally has an add-in to Solidworks, RayViz. RayViz allows users to apply and save opt... | TracePro | 0.797315 |
92,597 | Areas of mathematics used in the social sciences include probability/statistics and differential equations (stochastic or deterministic). These areas are used in fields such as sociology, psychology, economics, finance, and linguistics. The fundamental postulate of mathematical economics is that of the rational individ... | Mathematical discipline | 0.797314 |
92,598 | He was appointed to the Order of Merit in 1995 – as is customary for Presidents of the Royal Society. His certificate of election to the Royal Society reads: Mathematical physicist and crystallographer distinguished for his contributions to molecular biology, especially the structure of viruses. Development of a theory... | Aaron Klug | 0.797314 |
92,599 | DEAD is a reagent in the Mitsunobu reaction where it forms an adduct with phosphines (usually triphenylphosphine) and assists the synthesis of esters, ethers, amines and thioethers from alcohols. Reactions normally result in the inversion of molecular symmetry. DEAD was used in the original 1967 article by Oyo Mitsunob... | Diethyl azodicarboxylate | 0.797314 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.