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88,500 | 2016: Ethical and Moral Considerations in Non-Human Agents, Stanford Spring Symposium, AAAI Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA). 2017: Future Investment Summit in Riyadh; a robot (called Sophia and referred to with female pronouns) is granted Saudi Arabi... | Robot ethics | 0.781657 |
88,501 | 2008: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ROBOTICS: NEW SCIENCE (20 February 2008, Via della Lungara 10, Rome, Italy). 2009: The IEEE RAS TC on Roboethics organizes another Workshop on Roboethics, ICRA09 (International Conference on Robotics and Automation), (17 May 2009, Kobe, Japan). 2012: We Robot 2012 (University of Miami, FL,... | Robot ethics | 0.781657 |
88,502 | 2006: International Workshop "Ethics of Human Interaction with Robotic, Bionic, and AI Systems: Concepts and Policies"; supported by the ETHICBOTS European Project (17–18 October 2006, Naples, Italy). 2007: The IEEE RAS TC on Roboethics organizes another Workshop on Roboethics, ICRA07 (International Conference on Robot... | Robot ethics | 0.781657 |
88,503 | 2005–2006: E.C. Euron Roboethics Atelier. The Euron Project, coordinated by School of Robotics, involved a large number of roboticists and scholars of humanities who produced the first Roadmap for a Roboethics (February/March 2006, Genoa, Italy) 2006: BioRob2006, the first IEEE / RAS-EMBS International Conference on Bi... | Robot ethics | 0.781657 |
88,504 | 2004: IEEE-RAS establishes a Technical Committee on Roboethics. 2004: Fukuoka World Robot Declaration (25 February 2004, Fukuoka, Japan). 2005: The IEEE RAS TC on Roboethics organizes the ICRA05 (International Conference on Robotics and Automation), a Workshop on Roboethics, (18 April 2005, Barcelona, Spain). | Robot ethics | 0.781657 |
88,505 | Further events in the field are announced by the euRobotics ELS topics group, and by RoboHub: 1942: Asimov's short story "Runaround" explicitly states his Three Laws for the first time. These "Laws" will be reused in later works of robot-related science fiction by Asimov. 2004: First International Symposium on Roboethi... | Robot ethics | 0.781657 |
88,506 | Those who think in terms of long-term ethical questions, about, for example, the “Digital divide” between South and North, or young and elderly. They are aware of the gap between industrialized and poor countries, and wonder whether the former should not change their way of developing robotics to be more useful to the ... | Robot ethics | 0.781657 |
88,507 | The short term "roboethics" was most likely coined by Gianmarco Veruggio.An important event that propelled the concern of roboethics was the First International Symposium on Roboethics in 2004 by the collaborative effort of Scuola di Robotica, the Arts Lab of Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, and the Theological Instit... | Robot ethics | 0.781657 |
88,508 | Some of the central discussion of ethics in relation to the treatment of non-human or non-biological things and their potential "spirituality". Another central topic, has to do with the development of machinery and eventually robots, this philosophy was also applied to robotics. One of the first publications directly a... | Robot ethics | 0.781657 |
88,509 | With contemporary technological issues emerging as society pushes on, one topic that requires thorough thought is robot ethics concerning the law. Academics have been debating the process of how a government could go about creating legislation with robot ethics and law. A pair of scholars that have been asking these qu... | Robot ethics | 0.781657 |
88,510 | Researchers from diverse areas are beginning to tackle ethical questions about creating robotic technology and implementing it in societies, in a way that will still ensure the safety of the human race.While the issues are as old as the word robot, serious academic discussions started around the year 2000. Robot ethics... | Robot ethics | 0.781657 |
88,511 | The Lacto-rpoB RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure identified by bioinformatics. It has been detected only in lactic acid bacteria, and is always located in the presumed 5' untranslated regions of rpoB genes. These genes encode a subunit of RNA polymerase, and it is hypothesized that Lacto-rpoB RNA participate in th... | Lacto-rpoB RNA motif | 0.781657 |
88,512 | In addition to CGI, Perl 5 is used for system administration, network programming, finance, bioinformatics, and other applications, such as for GUIs. It has been nicknamed "the Swiss Army chainsaw of scripting languages" because of its flexibility and power. In 1998, it was also referred to as the "duct tape that holds... | Perl | 0.781655 |
88,513 | The International Journal of Nanoscience is an interdisciplinary peer-reviewed scientific journal published by World Scientific. It covers research in nanometer scale science and technology, with articles ranging from the "basic science of nanoscale physics and chemistry to applications in nanodevices, quantum engineer... | International Journal of Nanoscience | 0.781654 |
88,514 | Instead, in an approach borrowed from chemical engineering,: 81 geochemists average the concentration over regions of the Earth called geochemical reservoirs. The choice of reservoir depends on the problem; for example, the ocean may be a single reservoir or be split into multiple reservoirs. In a type of model called ... | Geochemical research | 0.781654 |
88,515 | Organic geochemistry, the study of the role of processes and compounds that are derived from living or once-living organisms. Photogeochemistry is the study of light-induced chemical reactions that occur or may occur among natural components of the Earth's surface. Regional geochemistry includes applications to environ... | Geochemical research | 0.781654 |
88,516 | Some subfields of geochemistry are: Aqueous geochemistry studies the role of various elements in watersheds, including copper, sulfur, mercury, and how elemental fluxes are exchanged through atmospheric-terrestrial-aquatic interactions. Biogeochemistry is the field of study focusing on the effect of life on the chemist... | Geochemical research | 0.781654 |
88,517 | Organopolonium chemistry describes the synthesis and properties of chemical compounds containing a carbon to polonium chemical bond. As polonium is a highly radioactive element (its most commonly used isotope, 210Po, has a half-life of about 138 days), organopolonium chemistry is mostly unexplored, and what is known is... | Organopolonium chemistry | 0.781651 |
88,518 | In three-dimensional hyperbolic geometry, the alternated hexagonal tiling honeycomb, h{6,3,3}, or , is a semiregular tessellation with tetrahedron and triangular tiling cells arranged in an octahedron vertex figure. It is named after its construction, as an alteration of a hexagonal tiling honeycomb. A geometric honeyc... | Alternated hexagonal tiling honeycomb | 0.781651 |
88,519 | Nets are less ideal for this construction because their domains are extremely varied (for example, the class of all Cauchy nets is not a set); sequences cannot be used in the general case because the topology might not be metrizable, first–countable, or even sequential. The set of all minimal Cauchy filters on a Hausdo... | Filter (topology) | 0.781651 |
88,520 | Then ( x , y ) {\displaystyle (x,y)} is a cluster point of B × C {\displaystyle {\mathcal {B}}\times {\mathcal {C}}} in the product space X × Y . {\displaystyle X\times Y.} However, if X = Y = Q {\displaystyle X=Y=\mathbb {Q} } then there exist sequences ( x i ) i = 1 ∞ ⊆ X and ( y i ) i = 1 ∞ ⊆ Y {\displaystyle \left(... | Filter (topology) | 0.781651 |
88,521 | Every uniformity also generates a canonical induced topology. Filters and prefilters play an important role in the theory of uniform spaces. For example, the completion of a Hausdorff uniform space (even if it is not metrizable) is typically constructed by using minimal Cauchy filters. | Filter (topology) | 0.781651 |
88,522 | Furthermore, this continuous extension will be unique whenever it exists.Products Suppose X ∙ := ( X i ) i ∈ I {\displaystyle X_{\bullet }:=\left(X_{i}\right)_{i\in I}} is a non–empty family of non–empty topological spaces and that is a family of prefilters where each B i {\displaystyle {\mathcal {B}}_{i}} is a prefilt... | Filter (topology) | 0.781651 |
88,523 | Alexander subbase theorem: There exists a subbase S for τ {\displaystyle {\mathcal {S}}{\text{ for }}\tau } such that every cover of X {\displaystyle X} by sets in S {\displaystyle {\mathcal {S}}} has a finite subcover. That this condition is equivalent to compactness can be proven by using only the ultrafilter lemma.I... | Filter (topology) | 0.781651 |
88,524 | The above statement but with the word "prefilter" replaced by any one of the following: filter, ultra prefilter, ultrafilter. Compactness As discussed in this article, the Ultrafilter Lemma is closely related to many important theorems involving compactness. | Filter (topology) | 0.781651 |
88,525 | In organic chemistry, a dioxazolone is a cyclic carbonate incorporated into C2NO2 ring. It is an uncommon heterocyclic compound. They arise by the phosgenation of hydroxamic acids: RC(O)NHOH + COCl2 → RC=NO2CO + 2 HClAlthough dioxazolones are often explosive, they are of interest as precursors to isocyanates: RC=NO2CO ... | Dioxazolone | 0.78165 |
88,526 | TeLQAS includes three main subsystems: an online subsystem, an offline subsystem, and an ontology. The online subsystem answers questions submitted by users in real time. During the online process, TeLQAS processes the question using a natural language processing component that implements part-of-speech tagging and sim... | TeLQAS | 0.78165 |
88,527 | Organokrypton chemistry describes the synthesis and properties of organokrypton compounds, chemical compounds containing a carbon to krypton chemical bond. Far fewer such compounds are known than organoxenon compounds. The first organokrypton compound, HKrCCH, was reported in 2003 and made by photolytic insertion of a ... | Organokrypton chemistry | 0.781649 |
88,528 | The conjecture was proven in the special case where n is a prime power by Klin and Poschel in 1978, and by Golfand, Najmark, and Poschel in 1984.The conjecture was then fully proven by Muzychuk, Klin, and Poschel in 2001 by using Schur algebra, and simultaneously by Dobson and Morris in 2002 by using the classification... | Toida's conjecture | 0.781649 |
88,529 | The Markov chain central limit theorem can be guaranteed for functionals of general state space Markov chains under certain conditions. In particular, this can be done with a focus on Monte Carlo settings. An example of the application in a MCMC (Markov Chain Monte Carlo) setting is the following: Consider a simple har... | Markov chain central limit theorem | 0.781648 |
88,530 | In the mathematical theory of random processes, the Markov chain central limit theorem has a conclusion somewhat similar in form to that of the classic central limit theorem (CLT) of probability theory, but the quantity in the role taken by the variance in the classic CLT has a more complicated definition. See also the... | Markov chain central limit theorem | 0.781648 |
88,531 | We assume that our source lies in a two-dimensional plane. In reality, astronomical sources are three-dimensional. However, because they are in the far field, their angular distribution does not change with distance. Therefore when we measure an astronomical source, its three-dimensional structure becomes projected upo... | Mutual coherence function | 0.781648 |
88,532 | The van Cittert–Zernike theorem rests on a number of assumptions, all of which are approximately true for nearly all astronomical sources. The most important assumptions of the theorem and their relevance to astronomical sources are discussed here. | Mutual coherence function | 0.781648 |
88,533 | Because the wavefront does not pass through a perfectly uniform medium as it travels through the interstellar (and possibly intergalactic) medium and into the Earth's atmosphere, the van Cittert–Zernike theorem does not hold exactly true for astronomical sources. In practice, however, variations in the refractive index... | Mutual coherence function | 0.781648 |
88,534 | The van Cittert–Zernike theorem assumes that the medium between the source and the imaging plane is homogeneous. If the medium is not homogeneous then light from one region of the source will be differentially refracted relative to other regions of the source due to the difference in light travel time through the mediu... | Mutual coherence function | 0.781648 |
88,535 | The sensitivity of this technique is limited by the van Cittert–Zernike theorem. If an extended source is imaged, the contrast between the fringes will be reduced by a factor proportional to the Fourier transform of the brightness distribution of the source. The van Cittert–Zernike theorem implies that the mutual coher... | Mutual coherence function | 0.781648 |
88,536 | The van Cittert–Zernike theorem also places constraints on the sensitivity of an adaptive optics system. In an adaptive optics (AO) system, a distorted wavefront is provided and must be transformed to a distortion-free wavefront. An AO system must make a number of different corrections to remove the distortions from th... | Mutual coherence function | 0.781648 |
88,537 | In the proof of the theorem we assume that R ≫ x 1 − x 2 {\displaystyle R\gg x_{1}-x_{2}} and R ≫ y 1 − y 2 {\displaystyle R\gg y_{1}-y_{2}} . That is, we assume that the distance to the source is much greater than the size of the observation area. More precisely, the van Cittert–Zernike theorem requires that we observ... | Mutual coherence function | 0.781648 |
88,538 | In the derivation of the van Cittert–Zernike theorem we write the direction cosines l {\displaystyle l} and m {\displaystyle m} as 1 2 ( x 1 + x 2 ) / R {\displaystyle {\frac {1}{2}}(x_{1}+x_{2})/R} and 1 2 ( y 1 + y 2 ) / R {\displaystyle {\frac {1}{2}}(y_{1}+y_{2})/R} . There is, however, a third direction cosine whi... | Mutual coherence function | 0.781648 |
88,539 | Horses carrying genetics for frame and other white-spotting patterns may be so minimally marked as to lack the registry's minimum requirements for white. This helps to account for allegedly solid horses producing spotted offspring, called cropouts.The long-standing practice of categorizing Paint horses in this manner c... | Lethal white syndrome | 0.781647 |
88,540 | However, no fewer than four—and likely many more—genetically distinct patterns are included under the term "overo". To be categorized as "overo" by the APHA, a horse must fit a written description: white spotting does not cross the back, at least one solid-colored leg, solid tail, face markings, and irregular, scattere... | Lethal white syndrome | 0.781647 |
88,541 | In addition to cryptic frames, a significant proportion of horses with the frame phenotype are visually misidentified, even in clinical settings. One study found from a group of visually inspected registered Paints, 18% of breeding stock solids and 35% of bald-faced horses were actually frames. However, over one-quarte... | Lethal white syndrome | 0.781647 |
88,542 | From very early in research into its genetics, LWS has been compared to Hirschsprung's disease in humans, which is also caused by mutations on the EDNRB gene. Various polymorphisms on this gene result in intestinal agangliosis, in some cases attended by unusual pigmentation of the skin and eyes, and deafness. The occas... | Lethal white syndrome | 0.781647 |
88,543 | Spotted coat colors, including frame, are popular and sought-after by breeders. While many lethal white syndrome foals are accidentally produced when breeders cross two untested cryptic frames, or a known frame and a cryptic frame, some are produced by the intentional breeding of two known frames, whether out of ignora... | Lethal white syndrome | 0.781647 |
88,544 | A similar-looking "pseudo double dilute" can be produced with help from the pearl gene or "barlink factor" or the champagne gene. The combination of tobiano with other white-spotting patterns can produce white or nearly white horses, which may have blue eyes. Sabino horses that are homozygous for the sabino-1 (Sb-1) ge... | Lethal white syndrome | 0.781647 |
88,545 | Lethal white syndrome has been described by researchers as both dominantly and recessively inherited. Lethal white syndrome is described as recessive because heterozygotes (written Oo or N/O) are not affected by intestinal agangliosis. However, if the frame pattern trait is included, inheritance of the trait follows an... | Lethal white syndrome | 0.781647 |
88,546 | The gene for LWS is most common in the American Paint Horse, but occurs in any breed that may carry frame genetics, including American Quarter Horses, Appaloosas, Thoroughbreds, Morgan Horses, Miniature Horses, Tennessee Walking Horses, and mustangs, as well as horses that are descended from these breeds. Only two Morg... | Lethal white syndrome | 0.781647 |
88,547 | Not all white, blue-eyed foals are affected with LWS. Other genes can produce healthy pink-skinned, blue-eyed horses with a white or very light cream-colored coat. For a time, some of these completely white horses were called "living lethals", but this is a misnomer. Before reliable information and the DNA test were av... | Lethal white syndrome | 0.781647 |
88,548 | The Haag–Kastler axioms axiomatize QFT in terms of nets of algebras. | Axiomatic quantum field theory | 0.781647 |
88,549 | The first set of axioms for quantum field theories, known as the Wightman axioms, were proposed by Arthur Wightman in the early 1950s. These axioms attempt to describe QFTs on flat Minkowski spacetime by regarding quantum fields as operator-valued distributions acting on a Hilbert space. In practice, one often uses the... | Axiomatic quantum field theory | 0.781647 |
88,550 | Axiomatic quantum field theory is a mathematical discipline which aims to describe quantum field theory in terms of rigorous axioms. It is strongly associated with functional analysis and operator algebras, but has also been studied in recent years from a more geometric and functorial perspective. There are two main ch... | Axiomatic quantum field theory | 0.781647 |
88,551 | The first experimental evidence for the effect came from Robert W. Wood, and Lord Rayleigh. The effect is named after Wilhelm Hanle, who was the first to explain the effect, in terms of classical physics, in Zeitschrift für Physik in 1924. Initially, the causes of the effect were controversial, and many theorists mista... | Hanle effect | 0.781646 |
88,552 | Observation of the Hanle effect on the light emitted by the Sun is used to indirectly measure the magnetic fields within the Sun, see: Polarization in astronomy Imaging spectroscopyThe effect was initially considered in the context of gasses, followed by applications to solid state physics. It has been used to measure ... | Hanle effect | 0.781646 |
88,553 | Trade-offs between HSS and TCT annular cutters include: Cost - HSS annular cutters are cheaper than the TCT for smaller diameters up to 40 mm, while TCT are cheaper for diameters above 41 mm. Re-sharpening - A HSS annular cutter can be resharpened while re-grinding a TCT is possible but more difficult due to the geomet... | Annular cutter | 0.781645 |
88,554 | An annular cutter (also called a core drill, core cutter, broach cutter, trepanning drill, hole saw, or cup-type cutter) is a form of core drill used to create holes in metal. An annular cutter, named after the annulus shape, cuts only a groove at the periphery of the hole and leaves a solid core or slug at the center.... | Annular cutter | 0.781645 |
88,555 | The biggest disadvantage of a core drill or annular cutter is that it can not drill blind holes. A core drill, due to its hollow geometry, can only make it through holes. The cost of a core drill is high compared to a twist drill, but the cost per hole made with the core drill is less as compared to twist drills, this ... | Annular cutter | 0.781645 |
88,556 | Their role includes analysis and synthesis of the data they find, Brokers may find everything else they can about an individual on the Internet, and aggregate that data with information from a variety of other sources.Information brokers sometimes specialise in a specific area, such as market research, statistics, or s... | Data brokers | 0.781645 |
88,557 | In probability theory, a piecewise-deterministic Markov process (PDMP) is a process whose behaviour is governed by random jumps at points in time, but whose evolution is deterministically governed by an ordinary differential equation between those times. The class of models is "wide enough to include as special cases v... | Piecewise-deterministic Markov process | 0.781644 |
88,558 | The development of étale cohomology as a whole was fueled by the desire to produce a 'topological' theory of cohomology for algebraic varieties, i.e. a Weil cohomology theory that works in any characteristic. An essential feature of such a theory is that it admits coefficients in a field of characteristic 0. However, c... | ℓ-adic formalism | 0.781643 |
88,559 | The two conditions required by the theorem are trivially satisfied by any stochastic process. For example, consider a real-valued discrete-time stochastic process X {\displaystyle X} . Then the probability P ( X 1 > 0 , X 2 < 0 ) {\displaystyle \mathbb {P} (X_{1}>0,X_{2}<0)} can be computed either as ν 1 , 2 ( R + × R ... | Kolmogorov extension theorem | 0.781642 |
88,560 | According to John Aldrich, the theorem was independently discovered by British mathematician Percy John Daniell in the slightly different setting of integration theory. | Kolmogorov extension theorem | 0.781642 |
88,561 | In many situations, this means that one does not have to be explicit about what the probability space is. Many texts on stochastic processes do, indeed, assume a probability space but never state explicitly what it is. The theorem is used in one of the standard proofs of existence of a Brownian motion, by specifying th... | Kolmogorov extension theorem | 0.781642 |
88,562 | Since the two conditions are trivially satisfied for any stochastic process, the power of the theorem is that no other conditions are required: For any reasonable (i.e., consistent) family of finite-dimensional distributions, there exists a stochastic process with these distributions. The measure-theoretic approach to ... | Kolmogorov extension theorem | 0.781642 |
88,563 | In mathematics, the Kolmogorov extension theorem (also known as Kolmogorov existence theorem, the Kolmogorov consistency theorem or the Daniell-Kolmogorov theorem) is a theorem that guarantees that a suitably "consistent" collection of finite-dimensional distributions will define a stochastic process. It is credited to... | Kolmogorov extension theorem | 0.781642 |
88,564 | Land development puts more emphasis on the expected economic development as a result of the process; "land conversion" tries to focus on the general physical and biological aspects of the land use change. "Land improvement" in the economic sense can often lead to land degradation from the ecological perspective. Land d... | Agricultural conversion | 0.781642 |
88,565 | . , t k ∈ T {\displaystyle t_{1},...,t_{k}\in T} . The stochastic process would simply be the canonical process ( π t ) t ∈ T {\displaystyle (\pi _{t})_{t\in T}} , defined on Ω = ( R n ) T {\displaystyle \Omega =(\mathbb {R} ^{n})^{T}} with probability measure P = μ {\displaystyle P=\mu } . The reason that the original... | Kolmogorov extension theorem | 0.781642 |
88,566 | Note that the original statement of the theorem is just a special case of this theorem with Ω t = R n {\displaystyle \Omega _{t}=\mathbb {R} ^{n}} for all t ∈ T {\displaystyle t\in T} , and μ { t 1 , . . | Kolmogorov extension theorem | 0.781642 |
88,567 | Then there exists a unique probability measure μ {\displaystyle \mu } on Ω T {\displaystyle \Omega _{T}} such that μ F = ( π F T ) ∗ μ {\displaystyle \mu _{F}=(\pi _{F}^{T})_{*}\mu } for every finite subset F ⊂ T {\displaystyle F\subset T} . As a remark, all of the measures μ F , μ {\displaystyle \mu _{F},\mu } are def... | Kolmogorov extension theorem | 0.781642 |
88,568 | For each finite subset J ⊂ T {\displaystyle J\subset T} , define Ω J := ∏ t ∈ J Ω t {\displaystyle \Omega _{J}:=\prod _{t\in J}\Omega _{t}} .For subsets I ⊂ J ⊂ T {\displaystyle I\subset J\subset T} , let π I J: Ω J → Ω I {\displaystyle \pi _{I}^{J}:\Omega _{J}\to \Omega _{I}} denote the canonical projection map ω ↦ ω ... | Kolmogorov extension theorem | 0.781642 |
88,569 | The Kolmogorov extension theorem gives us conditions for a collection of measures on Euclidean spaces to be the finite-dimensional distributions of some R n {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{n}} -valued stochastic process, but the assumption that the state space be R n {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{n}} is unnecessary. In fac... | Kolmogorov extension theorem | 0.781642 |
88,570 | (Since in practice k is often an integer, the (−1)2 k factor is sometimes omitted in literature.) With this choice of normalization, the reduced matrix element satisfies the relation: ⟨ j ‖ T † ( k ) ‖ j ′ ⟩ R = ( − 1 ) k + j ′ − j ⟨ j ′ ‖ T ( k ) ‖ j ⟩ R ∗ , {\displaystyle \langle j\|T^{\dagger (k)}\|j'\rangle _{\math... | Wigner–Eckart theorem | 0.78164 |
88,571 | Hall, Brian C. (2015), Lie groups, Lie algebras, and representations: An elementary introduction, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, vol. 222 (2nd ed. ), Springer, ISBN 978-3319134666 | Wigner–Eckart theorem | 0.78164 |
88,572 | The matrix element one finds for the spherical tensor operator is proportional to a Clebsch–Gordan coefficient, which arises when considering adding two angular momenta. When stated another way, one can say that the Wigner–Eckart theorem is a theorem that tells how vector operators behave in a subspace. Within a given ... | Wigner–Eckart theorem | 0.78164 |
88,573 | Let's say we want to calculate transition dipole moments for an electron transition from a 4d to a 2p orbital of a hydrogen atom, i.e. the matrix elements of the form ⟨ 2 p , m 1 | r i | 4 d , m 2 ⟩ {\displaystyle \langle 2p,m_{1}|r_{i}|4d,m_{2}\rangle } , where ri is either the x, y, or z component of the position ope... | Wigner–Eckart theorem | 0.78164 |
88,574 | Automatic Population and Generation Number Calculation. Adaptive and Automatic Cross-Over Probability Calculation. Absolute Descent.Because there are various types of design variables available in the Robust Genetic Algorithms, the users can perform Concurrent Sizing, Shaping and Topology Optimization with SmartDO. | SmartDO | 0.781638 |
88,575 | SmartDO was originated in 1995 by its founder (Dr. Shen-Yeh Chen) during his Ph.D. study in Civil Engineering Department of Arizona State University. During 1998 to 2004, SmartDO was continuously developed and applied on aerospace industry and CAE consulting application as an in-house code. In 2005, Dr. Chen establishe... | SmartDO | 0.781638 |
88,576 | SmartDO uses the Direct Global Search methodology to achieve global optimization, including both Gradient-Based Nonlinear programming and Genetic Algorithm based stochastic programming. These two approaches can also be combined or mixed to solve specific problems. For all the solvers in SmartDO, there is no theoretical... | SmartDO | 0.781638 |
88,577 | SmartDO is a multidisciplinary design optimization software, based on the Direct Global Search technology developed and marketed by FEA-Opt Technology. SmartDO specialized in the CAE-Based optimization, such as CAE (computer-aided engineering), FEA (finite element analysis), CAD (computer-aided design), CFD (Computatio... | SmartDO | 0.781638 |
88,578 | Performance Enhancement of the Golf Club Head. Crashworthiness Optimization of The Crash Box. Ceramic Gas Turbine Engines Rotor Disk Structural Optimization. | SmartDO | 0.781638 |
88,579 | Structural optimization for the wave energy converter. Performance optimization of the jet nozzle. Optimization of the O-Ring Sealing for the steel charger. | SmartDO | 0.781638 |
88,580 | Performance curve optimization for the connectors. Composite structure optimization. Strength optimization of the circulation water pump in power plant. | SmartDO | 0.781638 |
88,581 | Performance optimization of the thermoelectric generator. Weight reduction of the lower A-Arm of the armored tank. Performance curve optimization for the keyboard rubber dome. | SmartDO | 0.781638 |
88,582 | Weight reduction and strength increase of the nuclear heavy-duty lifting hook. Performance optimization of the shock absorbing mechanism. Weight reduction of the air cargo deck. | SmartDO | 0.781638 |
88,583 | Civil structure and resident roof optimization (sizing, shaping and topology). Life prolonging and weight reduction for the components of gas turbine engines. Enhancement for the performance of the fluid power system. | SmartDO | 0.781638 |
88,584 | SmartDO has been widely applied on the industry design and control since 1995. The disciplines and physics phenomena includes Structure CFD Heat Flow Heat Transfer Crashworthiness Structural/Thermal/Electronic Coupled Automatic ControlAnd the application includes Life prolonging of semi-conductor component. Keratotomy ... | SmartDO | 0.781638 |
88,585 | Typically secondary metabolites are not produced in the presence of glucose or other carbon sources which would encourage growth, and like primary metabolites are released into the surrounding medium without rupture of the cell membrane. In the early days of the biotechnology industry, most biopharmaceutical products w... | Industrial fermentation | 0.781637 |
88,586 | In mathematics, Moreau's theorem is a result in convex analysis named after French mathematician Jean-Jacques Moreau. It shows that sufficiently well-behaved convex functionals on Hilbert spaces are differentiable and the derivative is well-approximated by the so-called Yosida approximation, which is defined in terms o... | Moreau's theorem | 0.781635 |
88,587 | The thiol-ene functionalization of surface has been widely investigated in material science and biotechnology. The attachment of a molecule with a sterically accessible alkene or thiol group to a solid surface enables the construction of polymers on the surface through subsequent thiol-ene reactions. Given that in aque... | Thiol-ene reaction | 0.781635 |
88,588 | In organosulfur chemistry, the thiol-ene reaction (also alkene hydrothiolation) is an organic reaction between a thiol (R−SH) and an alkene (R2C=CR2) to form a thioether (R−S−R’). This reaction was first reported in 1905, but it gained prominence in the late 1990s and early 2000s for its feasibility and wide range of a... | Thiol-ene reaction | 0.781635 |
88,589 | On December 2, 2010, Tableau deleted WikiLeaks' visualizations about the United States diplomatic cables leak, stating it was due to direct political pressure from US Senator Joe Lieberman.On February 21, 2011, Tableau posted an updated data policy. The accompanying blog post cited the two main changes as (1) creating ... | Tableau Software | 0.781635 |
88,590 | It was later surpassed by Salesforce's acquisition of Slack.The company's founders, Christian Chabot, Pat Hanrahan and Chris Stolte, were researchers at the Department of Computer Science at Stanford University. They specialized in visualization techniques for exploring and analyzing relational databases and data cubes... | Tableau Software | 0.781635 |
88,591 | While at Stanford, founders Hanrahan and Stolte, as well as Diane Tang, created the predecessor to Tableau, named Polaris; Polaris was a data visualization software tool, built with the support of a United States Department of Energy defense program, the Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative (ASCI). ASCI was forme... | Tableau Software | 0.781635 |
88,592 | Photopolymerization is a useful radical-based reaction for applications within the nanotechnology, biomaterial, and material sciences, but these reactions are hindered by the inhibitory capabilities of oxygen. The thiol-ene radical addition combines the benefits of photopolymerization reactions with the aforementioned ... | Thiol-ene reaction | 0.781635 |
88,593 | Dendrimers are promising in medicine, biomaterials, and nanoengineering. These polymers can functions as targeting components, detecting agents, and pharmaceutically-active compounds. Thiol-ene additions are useful in the divergent synthesis of dendrimers due to the characteristics of click chemistry such as the mild r... | Thiol-ene reaction | 0.781635 |
88,594 | Click chemistry reactions are known to be high efficiency and have fast reaction rates, yet there is considerable variability in the overall reaction rate depending on the functionality of the alkene. To better understand the kinetics of thiol-ene reactions, calculations and experiments of transition-state and reaction... | Thiol-ene reaction | 0.781635 |
88,595 | Intramolecular thiol-ene reactions provide a means to create sulphur-containing heterocycles. The radical-initiated thiol-ene reaction has enabled the synthesis of four- to eight-membered rings, as well as macrocycles. While the radical thiol-ene reaction favors the anti-Markovnikov product, the regiochemistry of the c... | Thiol-ene reaction | 0.781635 |
88,596 | OpenSim is used in hundreds of biomechanics laboratories around the world to study movement and has a community of software developers contributing new features. OpenSim is one of the flagship applications from Simbios, a NIH Center for Biomedical Computation at Stanford University. Founded in 2004, Simbios is charged ... | OpenSim (simulation toolkit) | 0.781634 |
88,597 | OpenSim 1.0 was released on August 20, 2007 and provided capabilities for viewing musculoskeletal models, importing models developed in SIMM (Musculographics Inc.), editing muscle paths, and generating muscle actuated simulations that track experimental data. OpenSim 1.1 was released on December 11, 2007, which added n... | OpenSim (simulation toolkit) | 0.781634 |
88,598 | The n-th moment of the ALD about m is given by E = n ! λ n ( κ + 1 / κ ) ( κ − ( n + 1 ) − ( − κ ) n + 1 ) {\displaystyle E={\frac {n! }{\lambda ^{n}(\kappa +1/\kappa )}}\,(\kappa ^{-(n+1)}-(-\kappa )^{n+1})} From the binomial theorem, the n-th moment about zero (for m not zero) is then: E = λ m n + 1 κ + 1 / κ ( ∑ i... | Asymmetric Laplace distribution | 0.781632 |
88,599 | The asymmetric Laplace distribution has applications in finance and neuroscience. For the example in finance, S.G. Kou developed a model for financial instrument prices incorporating an asymmetric Laplace distribution to address problems of skewness, kurtosis and the volatility smile that often occur when using a norma... | Asymmetric Laplace distribution | 0.781632 |
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