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90,200 | For instance, with this topology, in the second example given above, the coefficient of Y {\displaystyle Y} converges to 1 1 − X {\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{1-X}}} , so the whole summation converges to Y 1 − X {\displaystyle {\tfrac {Y}{1-X}}} . This way of defining the topology is in fact the standard one for repeated ... | Formal power series ring | 0.780979 |
90,201 | Since its creation, the ECSS promotes the application of its standards for all European space activities. Currently, the ECSS standards are essential in ESA projects (e.g. the ESTRACK stations), but are also widely adopted by the European space industry. These standards have been applied to the qualification of softwar... | European Cooperation for Space Standardization | 0.780977 |
90,202 | Following further review and update, the ESA BSSC (84)1 was published as part of the ESA “Procedures, Specifications and Standards” (PSS) documents, as a fully mature standard. First released in January 1987 as “PSS-05-0, Issue 1”, then updated and released in February 1991 as “PSS-05-0, Issue 2”. In total, the ESA wor... | European Cooperation for Space Standardization | 0.780977 |
90,203 | The next accomplishment of the BSSC were the documents known as “pink documents” (due to the color of the papers used for printing), that consisted of a set of documents each covering a specific phase of the software life cycle. Through the five years following the creation of the BSCC, and with the growing adoption of... | European Cooperation for Space Standardization | 0.780977 |
90,204 | On 31 July 1973, the foundations of the Ariane project were laid, that contributed to the merging of the European Launch Development Organization (ELDO) and the European Space Research Organization (ESRO), resulting in the creation of the European Space Agency (ESA) on 31 May 1975. Engineers quickly realized the need f... | European Cooperation for Space Standardization | 0.780977 |
90,205 | The ECSS engineering branch (E-branch) defines the standard engineering processes and technical requirements of space systems. This branch contains 65 documents distributed over seven disciplines (except ECSS-E-AS-11C): E-10 System Engineering: 9 ECSS-E-ST-10-... documents E-20 Electrical and Optical Engineering: 7 ECS... | European Cooperation for Space Standardization | 0.780977 |
90,206 | NASA's Kepler spacecraft observed 150000 stars in the Kepler Input Catalog, including Kepler-62, between 13 May 2009 and 17 March 2012. The software pipeline that searched for periodic dip in the stellar brightness, the sign of a planetary transit of the star, initially found three planets around Kepler-62, including K... | Kepler-62f | 0.780977 |
90,207 | GROMACS is a molecular dynamics package mainly designed for simulations of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. It was originally developed in the Biophysical Chemistry department of University of Groningen, and is now maintained by contributors in universities and research centers worldwide. GROMACS is one of the fast... | GROMACS | 0.780977 |
90,208 | As of January 2010, GROMACS' source code contains approximately 400 alternative backronyms to GROMACS as jokes among the developers and biochemistry researchers. These include "Gromacs Runs On Most of All Computer Systems", "Gromacs Runs One Microsecond At Cannonball Speeds", "Good ROcking Metal Altar for Chronical Sin... | GROMACS | 0.780977 |
90,209 | The GROMACS project originally began in 1991 at Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Groningen, Netherlands (1991–2000). Its name originally derived from this time (GROningen MAchine for Chemical Simulations) although currently GROMACS is not an abbreviation for anything, as little active development has ... | GROMACS | 0.780977 |
90,210 | A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it. It was invented in 1952 by Donald A. Glaser, for which he was awarded the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physics. Supposedly, Glaser was inspired by the bubbles in... | Bubble Chamber | 0.780976 |
90,211 | b(X, X′) denotes the topology of bounded convergence on X and X b ( X , X ′ ) {\displaystyle X_{b\left(X,X'\right)}} or X b {\displaystyle X_{b}} denotes X endowed with this topology. b(X′, X) denotes the topology of bounded convergence on X′ or the strong dual topology on X′ and X b ( X ′ , X ) {\displaystyle X_{b\lef... | Nuclear operator | 0.780975 |
90,212 | Then for every nuclear map N: Y → Z / Im E {\displaystyle N:Y\to Z/\operatorname {Im} E} there exists a nuclear map N ~: Y → Z {\displaystyle {\tilde {N}}:Y\to Z} such that π ∘ N ~ = N {\displaystyle \pi \circ {\tilde {N}}=N} . Furthermore, when X and Z are Banach spaces and E is an isometry then for any ϵ > 0 {\disp... | Nuclear operator | 0.780975 |
90,213 | The following is a type of Hahn-Banach theorem for extending nuclear maps: If E: X → Z {\displaystyle E:X\to Z} is a TVS-embedding and N: X → Y {\displaystyle N:X\to Y} is a nuclear map then there exists a nuclear map N ~: Z → Y {\displaystyle {\tilde {N}}:Z\to Y} such that N ~ ∘ E = N {\displaystyle {\tilde {N}}\circ ... | Nuclear operator | 0.780975 |
90,214 | σ(X, X′) denotes the coarsest topology on X making every map in X′ continuous and X σ ( X , X ′ ) {\displaystyle X_{\sigma \left(X,X'\right)}} or X σ {\displaystyle X_{\sigma }} denotes X endowed with this topology. σ(X′, X) denotes weak-* topology on X* and X σ ( X ′ , X ) {\displaystyle X_{\sigma \left(X',X\right)}} ... | Nuclear operator | 0.780974 |
90,215 | This gives us a canonical tensor product of X and Y. If Z is any other vector space then the mapping Li(X ⊗ Y; Z) → Bi(X, Y; Z) given by u ↦ u ∘ 𝜒 is an isomorphism of vector spaces. In particular, this allows us to identify the algebraic dual of X ⊗ Y with the space of bilinear forms on X × Y. Moreover, if X and Y ar... | Nuclear operator | 0.780974 |
90,216 | Let X and Y be vector spaces (no topology is needed yet) and let Bi(X, Y) be the space of all bilinear maps defined on X × Y {\displaystyle X\times Y} and going into the underlying scalar field. For every ( x , y ) ∈ X × Y {\displaystyle (x,y)\in X\times Y} , let χ ( x , y ) {\displaystyle \chi _{(x,y)}} be the canonic... | Nuclear operator | 0.780974 |
90,217 | {\displaystyle V.} The symmetric algebra on the dual of an affine space is a filtered algebra of polynomials; on a vector space, one instead obtains a graded algebra. | Filtered ring | 0.780973 |
90,218 | Any graded algebra graded by N {\displaystyle \mathbb {N} } , for example A = ⨁ n ∈ N A n {\textstyle A=\bigoplus _{n\in \mathbb {N} }A_{n}} , has a filtration given by F n = ⨁ i = 0 n A i {\textstyle F_{n}=\bigoplus _{i=0}^{n}A_{i}} . An example of a filtered algebra is the Clifford algebra Cliff ( V , q ) {\display... | Filtered ring | 0.780973 |
90,219 | In mathematics, a filtered algebra is a generalization of the notion of a graded algebra. Examples appear in many branches of mathematics, especially in homological algebra and representation theory. A filtered algebra over the field k {\displaystyle k} is an algebra ( A , ⋅ ) {\displaystyle (A,\cdot )} over k {\displa... | Filtered ring | 0.780973 |
90,220 | The universal enveloping algebra of a Lie algebra g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} is also naturally filtered. The PBW theorem states that the associated graded algebra is simply S y m ( g ) {\displaystyle \mathrm {Sym} ({\mathfrak {g}})} . Scalar differential operators on a manifold M {\displaystyle M} form a filtere... | Filtered ring | 0.780973 |
90,221 | Sheldon Glashow, Abdus Salam, and Steven Weinberg were awarded the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics for their contributions to the unification of the weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, known as the Weinberg–Salam theory. The existence of the electroweak interactions was experimentally establi... | Electroweak force | 0.780972 |
90,222 | In particle physics, the electroweak interaction or electroweak force is the unified description of two of the four known fundamental interactions of nature: electromagnetism (electromagnetic interaction) and the weak interaction. Although these two forces appear very different at everyday low energies, the theory mode... | Electroweak force | 0.780972 |
90,223 | Stefan Müller (born 15 March 1962 in Wuppertal) is a German mathematician and currently a professor at the University of Bonn. He has been one of the founding directors of the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences in 1996 and was acting there until 2008. He is well known for his research in analysis and ... | Stefan Müller (mathematician) | 0.780971 |
90,224 | Poroelasticity is a field in materials science and mechanics that studies the interaction between fluid flow and solids deformation within a linear porous medium and it is an extension of elasticity and porous medium flow (diffusion equation). The deformation of the medium influences the flow of the fluid and vice vers... | Poroelasticity | 0.780971 |
90,225 | Multiphysics in Porous Materials. Springer. ISBN 9783319930275. | Poroelasticity | 0.780971 |
90,226 | Theory of linear poroelasticity with applications to geomechanics and hydrogeology. Princeton University Press. Zhen (Leo) Liu (2018). | Poroelasticity | 0.780971 |
90,227 | According to Telegram, there is a neural network working to learn various technical parameters about a call to provide better quality of the service for future uses. After a brief initial trial in Western Europe, voice calls are now available for use in most countries.Telegram announced in April 2020 that they would in... | Comparison of user features of messaging platforms | 0.78097 |
90,228 | As of 2019, no major IRC networks have fully adopted the proposed standard.After its golden era during the 1990s and early 2000s (240,000 users on QuakeNet in 2004), IRC has seen a significant decline, losing around 60% of users between 2003 and 2012, with users moving to newer social media platforms like Facebook or T... | Comparison of user features of messaging platforms | 0.78097 |
90,229 | The Standard Model of particle physics recognizes four kinds of gauge bosons: photons, which carry the electromagnetic interaction; W and Z bosons, which carry the weak interaction; and gluons, which carry the strong interaction.Isolated gluons do not occur because they are colour-charged and subject to colour confinem... | Gauge bosons | 0.780969 |
90,230 | PCl3, like the more popular phosphorus trifluoride, is a ligand in coordination chemistry. One example is Mo(CO)5PCl3. | Phosphorous trichloride | 0.780969 |
90,231 | Fail-safes in nanotechnology are devices or features integrated with nanotechnology which, in the event of failure, respond in a way that will cause no harm, or at least a minimum of harm, to other devices or personnel. Fail-safe principles are governed by national standards and engineering practices, and are widely us... | Fail-safes in nanotechnology | 0.780967 |
90,232 | In nanotechnology, particularly in nanobots, the need for a sound programming architecture is very important due to a potentially higher risk of damage in the event of a malfunction. A two-layer approach can be used to control nano-devices: (1) by providing a preprogrammed fail-safe functionality in case of anticipated... | Fail-safes in nanotechnology | 0.780967 |
90,233 | The radiographer (also known as a radiologic technologist) is usually responsible for acquiring medical images of diagnostic quality; although other professionals may train in this area, notably some radiological interventions performed by radiologists are done so without a radiographer. As a field of scientific invest... | Medical Imaging | 0.780966 |
90,234 | Statistical bias is reduced as the findings are evaluated without any direct patient contact. Imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are routinely used in oncology and neuroscience areas,. | Medical Imaging | 0.780966 |
90,235 | Some α emitting isotopes such as 225Ac and 213Bi are only available in limited quantities from 229Th decay, although cyclotron production is feasible. Among alpha-emitting radiometals according to availability, chelation chemistry, and half-life, 212Pb is also a promising candidate for targeted alpha-therapy.The ARRONA... | Targeted alpha-particle therapy | 0.780964 |
90,236 | In mathematical field of representation theory, a symplectic representation is a representation of a group or a Lie algebra on a symplectic vector space (V, ω) which preserves the symplectic form ω. Here ω is a nondegenerate skew symmetric bilinear form ω: V × V → F {\displaystyle \omega \colon V\times V\to \mathbb {F}... | Symplectic representation | 0.780964 |
90,237 | (1912). Non-Euclidean geometry: A critical and historical study of its development. Chicago: Open Court. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,238 | Baccetti, Valentina; Tate, Kyle; Visser, Matt (2012). "Inertial frames without the relativity principle". Journal of High Energy Physics. 2012 (5): 119. arXiv:1112.1466. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,239 | (1910), "On the Theory of Aberration and the Principle of Relativity", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 40 (3): 252–266, Bibcode:1910MNRAS..70..252P, doi:10.1093/mnras/70.3.252 Poincaré, Henri (1900), "La théorie de Lorentz et le principe de réaction" , Archives Néerlandaises des Sciences Exactes et N... | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,240 | doi:10.1112/plms/s2-8.1.223. Bateman, Harry (1912) . "Some geometrical theorems connected with Laplace's equation and the equation of wave motion". | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,241 | The history of Lorentz transformations comprises the development of linear transformations forming the Lorentz group or Poincaré group preserving the Lorentz interval − x 0 2 + ⋯ + x n 2 {\displaystyle -x_{0}^{2}+\cdots +x_{n}^{2}} and the Minkowski inner product − x 0 y 0 + ⋯ + x n y n {\displaystyle -x_{0}y_{0}+\cdot... | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,242 | "The non-Euclidean style of Minkowskian relativity". In J. Gray (ed.). The Symbolic Universe: Geometry and Physics. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,243 | & Uhlenbeck, K. (2000). "Geometry of solitons" (PDF). | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,244 | (1911). Bibliography of non-Euclidean geometry. London: London Pub. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,245 | Rosenfeld, B.A. (1988). A History of Non-Euclidean Geometry: Evolution of the Concept of a Geometric Space. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,246 | "Hyperbolic geometry on a hyperboloid". The American Mathematical Monthly. 100 (5): 442–455. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,247 | (1994). "Hyperbolic geometry". Foundations of Hyperbolic Manifolds. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,248 | {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help) Pais, Abraham (1982), Subtle is the Lord: The Science and the Life of Albert Einstein, New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-520438-4 Penrose, R.; Rindler W. (1984), Spinors and Space-Time: Volume 1, Two-Spinor Calculus and Relativistic Fields, Cambridge University Pre... | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,249 | "Representation of relativistic quantities by trigonometric functions". American Journal of Physics. 54 (6): 536–538. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,250 | S2CID 12020510. Katzir, Shaul (2005), "Poincaré's Relativistic Physics: Its Origins and Nature", Physics in Perspective, 7 (3): 268–292, Bibcode:2005PhP.....7..268K, doi:10.1007/s00016-004-0234-y, S2CID 14751280 Klein, F. (1897) . | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,251 | "The Cayley–Hermite problem and matrix algebra". The Mathematics of Frobenius in Context: A Journey Through 18th to 20th Century Mathematics. Springer. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,252 | "Non-euclidean geometry—A re-interpretation". Historia Mathematica. 6 (3): 236–258. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,253 | (1984). "The quaternion group and modern physics". European Journal of Physics. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,254 | "Extending special relativity via the perplex numbers". American Journal of Physics. 54 (5): 416–422. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,255 | Brown, Harvey R. (2001), "The origins of length contraction: I. The FitzGerald-Lorentz deformation hypothesis", American Journal of Physics, 69 (10): 1044–1054, arXiv:gr-qc/0104032, Bibcode:2001AmJPh..69.1044B, doi:10.1119/1.1379733, S2CID 2945585 See also "Michelson, FitzGerald and Lorentz: the origins of relativity r... | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,256 | Introduction to higher algebra. New York: Macmillan. Bondi, Hermann (1964). | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,257 | = η k ( 1 + ξ ε ) {\displaystyle \xi '={\frac {\xi +\varepsilon }{1+\xi \varepsilon }},\ \eta '={\frac {\eta }{k(1+\xi \varepsilon )}}} . | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,258 | On June 5, 1905 (published June 9) Poincaré formulated transformation equations which are algebraically equivalent to those of Larmor and Lorentz and gave them the modern form: x ′ = k l ( x + ε t ) y ′ = l y z ′ = l z t ′ = k l ( t + ε x ) k = 1 1 − ε 2 {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}x^{\prime }&=kl(x+\varepsilon t)\\... | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,259 | Some algebra gives the relation between the different time coordinates ascribed to the moment of reflection. Thus t ∗ = t − γ 2 v x ∗ c 2 {\displaystyle t^{\ast }=t-{\frac {\gamma ^{2}vx^{*}}{c^{2}}}} identical to Lorentz (1892). By dropping the factor γ2 under the assumption that v 2 c 2 ≪ 1 {\displaystyle {\tfrac {v^... | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,260 | While length contraction was a real physical effect for Lorentz, he considered the time transformation only as a heuristic working hypothesis and a mathematical stipulation. In 1895, Lorentz further elaborated on his theory and introduced the "theorem of corresponding states". This theorem states that a moving observer... | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.780962 |
90,261 | 'With government and other stakeholders apparently relying on it, KICTANet therefore continued after the ICT policy was adopted, leading to ‘quite a lot of successes’ like the 2010 Kenya ICT Master Plan, as well as the regulatory approval of M-Pesa and Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) services in the country. It als... | KICTANet | 0.780961 |
90,262 | On the orthonormal frame bundle F of a surface M there are three canonical 1-forms: The connection form ω, invariant under the structure group K = SO(2) Two tautologous 1-forms θ1 and θ2, transforming according to the basis vectors of the identity representation of KIf π: F → {\displaystyle \rightarrow } M is the natur... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,263 | In mathematics, the Riemannian connection on a surface or Riemannian 2-manifold refers to several intrinsic geometric structures discovered by Tullio Levi-Civita, Élie Cartan and Hermann Weyl in the early part of the twentieth century: parallel transport, covariant derivative and connection form. These concepts were pu... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,264 | This geometric way of viewing parallel transport can also be directly expressed in the language of geometry. The envelope of the tangent planes to M along a curve c is a surface with vanishing Gaussian curvature, which by Minding's theorem, must be locally isometric to the Euclidean plane. This identification allows pa... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,265 | One of the key facts about F is that it is (absolutely or completely) parallelizable, i.e. for n = dim F, there are n vector fields on F which form a basis at each point. As a result its Lie algebra is easy to understand; and the dual 1-forms on F have a particularly simple structure described by the Cartan structural ... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,266 | The theory of connections according to Élie Cartan, and later Charles Ehresmann, revolves around: a principal bundle F (in this case the orthonormal frame bundle); the exterior differential calculus of differential forms on F.All "natural" vector bundles associated with the manifold M, such as the tangent bundle, the c... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,267 | The existence of parallel transport follows from standard existence theorems for ordinary differential equations. The above differential equation can be rewritten in terms of the covariant derivative as This equation shows once more that parallel transport depends only on the metric structure so is an intrinsic invaria... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,268 | Thus tangent planes along a curve can be identified using the intrinsic geometry, even when the surface itself is not parallelizable. The Euler equations for a geodesic c(f) can be written more compactly as ∇ c ˙ c ˙ = 0. | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,269 | Tensor calculus was developed by Ricci, who published a systematic treatment with Levi-Civita in 1901. Covariant differentiation of tensors was given a geometric interpretation by Levi-Civita (1917) who introduced the notion of parallel transport on surfaces. His discovery prompted Weyl and Cartan to introduce various ... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,270 | After the classical work of Gauss on the differential geometry of surfaces and the subsequent emergence of the concept of Riemannian manifold initiated by Bernhard Riemann in the mid-nineteenth century, the geometric notion of connection developed by Tullio Levi-Civita, Élie Cartan and Hermann Weyl in the early twentie... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,271 | Hence Q = g Q0 g−1. The condition QAQ=0 implies Q gt g−1 Q = 0 and hence that Q0 g−1 gt Q0 =0.There is another kinematic way of understanding parallel transport and geodesic curvature in terms of "rolling without slipping or twisting". Although well known to differential geometers since the early part of the twentieth ... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,272 | Given a path F(t), the ordinary differential equation g t g − 1 = F t F / 2 {\displaystyle g_{t}g^{-1}=F_{t}F/2} , with initial condition g ( 0 ) = I {\displaystyle g(0)=I} , has a unique C1 solution g(t) with values in G, giving the lift by parallel transport of F. If Q(t) is the corresponding path of rank 2 projectio... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,273 | Since α is the connection form, vertical vector fields on G are those of the form f · λ(A) with f in C∞(G); horizontal vector fields on G are those of the form f1 · λ(B) + f2 · λ(C) with fi in C∞(G).The existence of the basis vector fields λ(A), λ(B), λ(C) shows that SO(3) is parallelizable. This is not true for SO(3)/... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,274 | Let π be the orthogonal projection onto the subspace generated by A, i.e. onto k {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {k}}} , the Lie algebra of K. For X in g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} , the lift of the vector field Π(X) from C∞(G/K) to C∞(G) is given by the formula This lift is G-equivariant on vector fields of the form Π(... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,275 | the adjoint action of G by conjugation on g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} reproduces the action of G on E3. The group SU(2) has a 3-dimensional Lie algebra consisting of complex skew-hermitian traceless 2 x 2 matrices, which is isomorphic to g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} . The adjoint action of SU(2) factors thro... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,276 | Thus E becomes a principal bundle with structure group K. Taking the G-orbit of the point ((1,0,0),(0,1,0),(0,0,1)), the space E may be identified with G. Under this identification the actions of G and K on E become left and right translation. In other words: The oriented orthonormal frame bundle of S2 may be identifie... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,277 | The differential geometry of the 2-sphere can be approached from three different points of view: analytic geometry, since the 2-sphere is a submanifold of E3; group theory, since the compact matrix group SO(3) acts transitively on the 2-sphere as a continuous group of symmetries; classical mechanics, since a rigid 2-sp... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,278 | In symbols, the holonomy angle mod 2π is given by where the integral is with respect to the area form on M. This result implies the relation between Gaussian curvature because as the triangle shrinks in size to a point, the ratio of this angle to the area tends to the Gaussian curvature at the point. The result can be ... | Riemannian connection on a surface | 0.78096 |
90,279 | Pairing-based cryptography is the use of a pairing between elements of two cryptographic groups to a third group with a mapping e: G 1 × G 2 → G T {\displaystyle e:G_{1}\times G_{2}\to G_{T}} to construct or analyze cryptographic systems. | Pairing-based cryptography | 0.780958 |
90,280 | Pairing-based cryptography is used in the KZG cryptographic commitment scheme. A contemporary example of using bilinear pairings is exemplified in the BLS digital signature scheme. Pairing-based cryptography relies on hardness assumptions separate from e.g. the elliptic-curve cryptography, which is older and has been s... | Pairing-based cryptography | 0.780958 |
90,281 | This is because Hyper-K has a shorter baseline than DUNE, and capability of determining the mass-ordering depends on distance the neutrinos travel. However, both DUNE and Hyper-K are predicted to be scooped on the mass ordering by combination of the JUNO experiment in China and as set of atmospheric neutrino experiment... | Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment | 0.780957 |
90,282 | The plan for phasing was announced during the Snowmass Process, an exercise periodically organized by the Division of Particles and Fields (DPF) of the American Physical Society to plan the future of particle physics. Nominally, Phase I would consist of the first two far detector modules, a subset of the near detector ... | Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment | 0.780957 |
90,283 | In November 2021, Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science officials reported to the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel that although DUNE had secured $570M in international funding at that time, the total cost of the project was at the point of triggering a CD-1R rereview, called CD-1RR. DOE reviews held in Januar... | Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment | 0.780957 |
90,284 | Project Manager Chris Mossey reported on the source of the rising costs to the 2023 Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel at a meeting held at Fermilab in March 2023. He stated that the sources were: "The cost and complexities of the far site conventional facilities construction was underestimated (+ approximat... | Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment | 0.780957 |
90,285 | The Kaluza–Klein theory has a particularly elegant presentation in terms of geometry. In a certain sense, it looks just like ordinary gravity in free space, except that it is phrased in five dimensions instead of four. | Kaluza-Klein reduction | 0.780956 |
90,286 | Because the energy–momentum tensor is normally understood to be due to concentrations of matter in four-dimensional space, the above result is interpreted as saying that four-dimensional matter is induced from geometry in five-dimensional space. In particular, the soliton solutions of R ~ a b = 0 {\displaystyle {\widet... | Kaluza-Klein reduction | 0.780956 |
90,287 | Standard Model particles besides the top quark and W boson do not make big contributions to the cross-section observed in the H → γγ decay, but if there are new particles beyond the Standard Model, they could potentially change the ratio of the predicted Standard Model H → γγ cross-section to the experimentally observe... | Kaluza-Klein reduction | 0.780956 |
90,288 | His papers on the subject are highly cited due to their pioneering nature and the subsequent wide adoption of probabilistic robot navigation approaches. After his dissertation, Koenig laid a broad foundation for incremental heuristic search in artificial intelligence with the development of search algorithms such as Li... | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,289 | In his pre-dissertation work, Koenig applied Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) to artificial intelligence planning. The standard textbook in artificial intelligence, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (second edition), states "The connection between MDPs and AI planning problems was made first by Sven Koenig (19... | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,290 | Sven Koenig is a full professor in computer science at the University of Southern California. He received an M.S. degree in computer science from the University of California at Berkeley in 1991 and a Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1997, advised by Reid Simmons. | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,291 | Y. Liu and S. Koenig. Functional Value Iteration for Decision-Theoretic Planning with General Utility Functions. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), 1186–1193, 2006. | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,292 | M. Lagoudakis, V. Markakis, D. Kempe, P. Keskinocak, S. Koenig, A. Kleywegt, C. Tovey, A. Meyerson and S. Jain. Auction-Based Multi-Robot Routing. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Robotics: Science and Systems, 343-350, 2005. | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,293 | S. Koenig and M. Likhachev. Fast Replanning for Navigation in Unknown Terrain. Transactions on Robotics, 21, (3), 354-363, 2005. | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,294 | S. Koenig, M. Likhachev, Y. Liu and D. Furcy. Incremental Heuristic Search in Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence Magazine, 25, (2), 99-112, 2004. | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,295 | S. Koenig, M. Likhachev and D. Furcy. Lifelong Planning A*. Artificial Intelligence, 155, (1-2), 93-146, 2004. | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,296 | S. Koenig. Agent-Centered Search. Artificial Intelligence Magazine, 22, (4), 109-131, 2001. | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,297 | R. Simmons and S. Koenig. Probabilistic Robot Navigation in Partially Observable Environments. In Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 1080–1087, 1995. | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,298 | S. Koenig. Goal-Directed Acting with Incomplete Information. PhD thesis, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania), 1997. | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,299 | Koenig was conference co-chair of the 2004 International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling, program co-chair of the 2005 International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems and program co-chair of the 2007 and 2008 AAAI Nectar programs. He served or serves on the editorial boards o... | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
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