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90,300 | Koenig is the recipient of an ACM Recognition of Service Award, an NSF CAREER award, an IBM Faculty Partnership Award, a Charles Lee Powell Foundation Award, a Raytheon Faculty Fellowship Award, a Mellon Mentoring Award, a Fulbright Fellowship, the IEEE Computer Science and Engineering Undergraduate Teaching Award, and... | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,301 | Koenig is an artificial intelligence and robotics researcher who develops techniques for planning and learning under uncertainty and time constraints, both for single agents and teams of agents. His research often combines ideas from artificial intelligence and robotics with ideas from other disciplines, such as decisi... | Sven Koenig (computer scientist) | 0.780954 |
90,302 | Elliott Irving Organick (February 25, 1925 – December 21, 1985) was a computer scientist and pioneer in operating systems development and education. He was considered "the foremost expositor writer of computer science", and was instrumental in founding the ACM Special Interest Group for Computer Science Education. | Elliott Organick | 0.780954 |
90,303 | He was editor of ACM Computing Surveys (ISSN 0360-0300) between 1973 and 1976. In 1985 he received the ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Science Education Award for Outstanding Contribution to Computer Science Education.He died of leukemia on December 21, 1985. He taught at the University of Utah, where a Memorial... | Elliott Organick | 0.780954 |
90,304 | Organick described the Burroughs large systems in an ACM monograph of which he was the sole author, covering the work of Robert (Bob) Barton and others. He also wrote a monograph about the Multics timesharing operating system. By the mid 1970s he had become "the foremost expositor writer of computer science"; he publis... | Elliott Organick | 0.780954 |
90,305 | One drawback of this type of planning system is that it requires a lot more computational power for each node. This higher per-node cost occurs because the algorithm for partial-order planning is more complex than others. This has important artificial intelligence implications. When coding a robot to do a certain task,... | Partial-order planning | 0.780951 |
90,306 | A plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is a hybrid electric vehicle whose battery pack can be recharged by plugging a charging cable into an external electric power source, in addition to internally by its on-board internal combustion engine-powered generator. Most PHEVs are passenger cars, but there are also PHEV ve... | Plug-in Hybrid | 0.780951 |
90,307 | A 2008 study by researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory analyzed oil use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of plug-in hybrids relative to hybrid electric vehicles under several scenarios for years 2020 and 2030. The study considered the mix of power sources for 13 U.S. regions that would be used during recharging... | Plug-in Hybrid | 0.780951 |
90,308 | These studies are presently limited to several months by the longevity of the implants. The array now forms the sensor component of the Braingate. Much research is also being done on the surface chemistry of neural implants in effort to design products which minimize all negative effects that an active implant can have... | Brain implants | 0.78095 |
90,309 | The Manchurian Candidate (2004): For a means of mind control, the presidential hopeful Raymond Shaw unknowingly has a chip implanted in his head by Manchurian Global, a fictional geopolitical organization aimed at making parts of the government sleeper cells, or puppets for their monetary advancement. Hardwired (2009):... | Brain implants | 0.78095 |
90,310 | F-102B: The original designation of the F-106A. F-106A: (Convair Model 8-24) Improved version of the F-102. Fitted with the MA-1 Integrated Fire Control System with SAGE datalink, J-75 afterburning turbojet, enlarged intake, variable-geometry inlet ramps and shortened intake ducts, refined fuselage shape, modified wing... | F-106A/B Delta Dart | 0.780948 |
90,311 | However, while initial work on the Olympus appeared to go well, by August 1953 Wright was already a full year behind schedule in development. Continued development did not resolve problems with the engine, and in early 1955 the Air Force approved the switch to the Pratt & Whitney J75.The J75 was somewhat larger than th... | F-106A/B Delta Dart | 0.780948 |
90,312 | Major differences from the F-102 included the adoption of the more powerful Pratt & Whitney J75 turbojet engine, heavily redesigned air inlets along with a variable-geometry inlet duct to suit a wide range of supersonic speeds, application of the area rule to the fuselage shaping, and a general increase in size. On 26 ... | F-106A/B Delta Dart | 0.780948 |
90,313 | We start with the following data: K is a number field. = n = r1 + 2r2, where r1 denotes the number of real embeddings of K, and 2r2 is the number of complex embeddings of K. ζK(s) is the Dedekind zeta function of K. hK is the class number, the number of elements in the ideal class group of K. RegK is the regulator of K... | Analytic class number formula | 0.780945 |
90,314 | {\displaystyle h(d)={\begin{cases}{\dfrac {w{\sqrt {|d|}}}{2\pi }}L(1,\chi ),&d<0;\\{\dfrac {\sqrt {d}}{\ln \varepsilon }}L(1,\chi ),&d>0.\end{cases}}} This is a special case of Theorem 1 above: for a quadratic field K, the Dedekind zeta function is just ζ K ( s ) = ζ ( s ) L ( s , χ ) {\displaystyle \zeta _{K}(s)=\zet... | Analytic class number formula | 0.780945 |
90,315 | So one can compute the residue of the Dedekind zeta function at s = 1 by computing the average number of representations. As in the article on the Gauss circle problem, one can compute this by approximating the number of lattice points inside of a quarter circle centered at the origin, concluding that the residue is on... | Analytic class number formula | 0.780945 |
90,316 | If the axiom of choice is not true (see Axiom of choice § Independence), there are infinite cardinals that are not aleph numbers. Cardinality is studied for its own sake as part of set theory. It is also a tool used in branches of mathematics including model theory, combinatorics, abstract algebra and mathematical anal... | Cardinal addition | 0.780945 |
90,317 | A fundamental theorem due to Georg Cantor shows that it is possible for infinite sets to have different cardinalities, and in particular the cardinality of the set of real numbers is greater than the cardinality of the set of natural numbers. It is also possible for a proper subset of an infinite set to have the same c... | Cardinal addition | 0.780945 |
90,318 | It was then found that it could be used as an efficient numerical technique for numerically insulating different parts of a simulation model in each times step. It is used in the HOPSAN simulation package (Krus et al. 1990). It is also known as the Transmission Line Modelling (TLM) from an independent development by Jo... | Bi-directional delay line | 0.780941 |
90,319 | In mathematics, a bi-directional delay line is a numerical analysis technique used in computer simulation for solving ordinary differential equations by converting them to hyperbolic equations. In this way an explicit solution scheme is obtained with highly robust numerical properties. It was introduced by Auslander in... | Bi-directional delay line | 0.780941 |
90,320 | A SAW that does not satisfy the excluded volume condition was recently studied to model explicit surface geometry resulting from expansion of a SAW.The properties of SAWs cannot be calculated analytically, so numerical simulations are employed. The pivot algorithm is a common method for Markov chain Monte Carlo simulat... | Self-avoiding walks | 0.78094 |
90,321 | Very little is known rigorously about the self-avoiding walk from a mathematical perspective, although physicists have provided numerous conjectures that are believed to be true and are strongly supported by numerical simulations. In computational physics, a self-avoiding walk is a chain-like path in R2 or R3 with a ce... | Self-avoiding walks | 0.78094 |
90,322 | The main directions of scientific research are mechanochemistry of organic and inorganic substances, mineral and renewable raw materials, reactivity of solids, modification of new structures and materials, mechanisms of solid-phase transformations (including conditions of high pressures and temperatures, combustion and... | Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry | 0.78094 |
90,323 | Kemerovo Division of Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the RAS | Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry | 0.78094 |
90,324 | Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (Russian: Институт химии твердого тела и механохимии СО РАН) is a research institute in Novosibirsk, Russia. It was founded in 1944. | Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry | 0.78094 |
90,325 | Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry is one of the oldest scientific institutes in Siberia. It was founded in 1944 as the Chemical and Metallurgical Institute. Five years later, thanks to the institute, a ceramic pipe plant was launched in Dorogino. Later, the institute became part of the Siberian Br... | Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry | 0.78094 |
90,326 | The Benesi–Hildebrand method is a mathematical approach used in physical chemistry for the determination of the equilibrium constant K and stoichiometry of non-bonding interactions. This method has been typically applied to reaction equilibria that form one-to-one complexes, such as charge-transfer complexes and host–g... | Benesi–Hildebrand method | 0.78094 |
90,327 | In materials science, a Bingham plastic is a viscoplastic material that behaves as a rigid body at low stresses but flows as a viscous fluid at high stress. It is named after Eugene C. Bingham who proposed its mathematical form.It is used as a common mathematical model of mud flow in drilling engineering, and in the ha... | Bingham fluid | 0.78094 |
90,328 | The Hogel processing unit (HPU) is a computation for rendering hogels. HPU parallelism Since many (possibly hundreds) HPUs would be required to drive a single light-field display, it is important that the HPU be an independent processor, requiring minimal support logic and interconnect. The HPU interconnect framework s... | Hogel Processing Unit | 0.780939 |
90,329 | In cryptography, a codebook is a document used for implementing a code. A codebook contains a lookup table for coding and decoding; each word or phrase has one or more strings which replace it. To decipher messages written in code, corresponding copies of the codebook must be available at either end. The distribution a... | Code book | 0.780938 |
90,330 | A codebook is a type of document used for gathering and storing cryptography codes. Originally codebooks were often literally books, but today codebook is a byword for the complete record of a series of codes, regardless of physical format. | Code book | 0.780938 |
90,331 | In mathematics, specifically in complex geometry, the Kähler quotient of a Kähler manifold X {\displaystyle X} by a Lie group G {\displaystyle G} acting on X {\displaystyle X} by preserving the Kähler structure and with moment map μ: X → g ∗ {\displaystyle \mu :X\to {\mathfrak {g}}^{*}} (with respect to the Kähler form... | Kähler quotient | 0.780938 |
90,332 | More recently, with the increasing role of Artificial Intelligence technologies in engineering, the idea of using data to create data-driven models of existing networks has been proposed. By analyzing large network data, also the less desired behaviors that may occur in real-world networks can be understood, worked aro... | Network planning and design | 0.780937 |
90,333 | In 1986, human TILs from resected melanomas were found to contain cells that could recognize autologous tumors. In 1988 autologous TILs were shown to reduce metastatic melanoma tumors. Tumor-derived TILs are generally mixtures of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells with few major contaminating cells.In 1989 Zelig Eshhar published th... | Adoptive cell transfer | 0.780937 |
90,334 | The university has two Faculties and a centre: Faculty of Engineering & Technology Faculty of Sciences Centre for Business Management, Entrepreneurship and General EducationFaculty of Engineering & Technology Department of Mining & Geological Engineering Department of Mechanical, Energy & Industrial Engineering Departm... | Botswana International University of Science and Technology | 0.780936 |
90,335 | The Botswana International University of Science & Technology, or BIUST, is an international university located in the town of Palapye, Botswana. It is the nation's second university, after the University of Botswana in the country's capital, Gaborone. The location is a 2,500-hectare (9.7 sq mi) site of gently sloping ... | Botswana International University of Science and Technology | 0.780936 |
90,336 | For instance, the size of red blood cells can be found by comparing their diffraction pattern with an array of small holes. One consequence of Babinet's principle is the extinction paradox, which states that in the diffraction limit, the radiation removed from the beam due to a particle is equal to twice the particle's... | Babinet's principle | 0.780936 |
90,337 | In physics, Babinet's principle states that the diffraction pattern from an opaque body is identical to that from a hole of the same size and shape except for the overall forward beam intensity. It was formulated in the 1800s by French physicist Jacques Babinet. A quantum version of Babinet's principle has been derived... | Babinet's principle | 0.780936 |
90,338 | A Lagrangian fibration of a symplectic manifold M is a fibration where all of the fibres are Lagrangian submanifolds. Since M is even-dimensional we can take local coordinates (p1,…,pn, q1,…,qn), and by Darboux's theorem the symplectic form ω can be, at least locally, written as ω = ∑ dpk ∧ dqk, where d denotes the ext... | Lagrangian map | 0.780934 |
90,339 | In physics, a ripple tank is a shallow glass tank of water used to demonstrate the basic properties of waves. It is a specialized form of a wave tank. The ripple tank is usually illuminated from above, so that the light shines through the water. Some small ripple tanks fit onto the top of an overhead projector, i.e. th... | Ripple tank | 0.780931 |
90,340 | In a hierarchical model, data is organized into a tree-like structure, implying a single parent for each record. A sort field keeps sibling records in a particular order. Hierarchical structures were widely used in the early mainframe database management systems, such as the Information Management System (IMS) by IBM, ... | Database modelling | 0.780929 |
90,341 | The relational model was introduced by E.F. Codd in 1970 as a way to make database management systems more independent of any particular application. It is a mathematical model defined in terms of predicate logic and set theory, and implementations of it have been used by mainframe, midrange and microcomputer systems. ... | Database modelling | 0.780929 |
90,342 | A given database management system may provide one or more models. The optimal structure depends on the natural organization of the application's data, and on the application's requirements, which include transaction rate (speed), reliability, maintainability, scalability, and cost. Most database management systems are... | Database modelling | 0.780929 |
90,343 | Others have attacked the problem from the database end, by defining an object-oriented data model for the database, and defining a database programming language that allows full programming capabilities as well as traditional query facilities. Object databases suffered because of a lack of standardization: although sta... | Database modelling | 0.780929 |
90,344 | Organolanthanide chemistry is the field of chemistry that studies organolanthanides, compounds with a lanthanide-to-carbon bond. Organolanthanide compounds are different from their organotransition metal analogues in the following ways: They are far more air- and water-sensitive and are often pyrophoric. Chemistry in t... | Organolanthanide compound | 0.780928 |
90,345 | In mathematics, the tameness theorem states that every complete hyperbolic 3-manifold with finitely generated fundamental group is topologically tame, in other words homeomorphic to the interior of a compact 3-manifold. The tameness theorem was conjectured by Marden (1974). It was proved by Agol (2004) and, independent... | Marden conjecture | 0.780926 |
90,346 | In methods of general perturbations, general differential equations, either of motion or of change in the orbital elements, are solved analytically, usually by series expansions. The result is usually expressed in terms of algebraic and trigonometric functions of the orbital elements of the body in question and the per... | Orbital perturbation analysis (spacecraft) | 0.780926 |
90,347 | The various versions of Fubini's theorem are similar to the versions above, with the following minor differences: Instead of taking a product X × Y {\displaystyle X\times Y} of two measure spaces, one takes the completion of some product. If f {\displaystyle f} is measurable on the completion of X × Y {\displaystyle X\... | Fubini's Theorem | 0.780925 |
90,348 | The versions of Fubini's and Tonelli's theorems above do not apply to integration on the product of the real line R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} } with itself with Lebesgue measure. The problem is that Lebesgue measure on R × R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} \times \mathbb {R} } is not the product of Lebesgue measure on R {\... | Fubini's Theorem | 0.780925 |
90,349 | (Carathéodory's extension theorem gives a measure on a measure space that in general contains more measurable sets than the measure space X × Y, so strictly speaking the measure should be restricted to the σ-algebra generated by the products A × B of measurable subsets of X and Y.) The product of two complete measure s... | Fubini's Theorem | 0.780925 |
90,350 | If X and Y are measure spaces with measures, there are several natural ways to define a product measure on their product. The product X × Y of measure spaces (in the sense of category theory) has as its measurable sets the σ-algebra generated by the products A × B of measurable subsets of X and Y. A measure μ on X × Y ... | Fubini's Theorem | 0.780925 |
90,351 | Fubini's theorem holds for spaces even if they are not assumed to be σ-finite provided one uses the maximal product measure. In the example above, for the maximal product measure, the diagonal has infinite measure so the double integral of |f| is infinite, and Fubini's theorem holds vacuously. However, if we give X×Y t... | Fubini's Theorem | 0.780925 |
90,352 | Combining Fubini's theorem with Tonelli's theorem gives the Fubini–Tonelli theorem (often just called Fubini's theorem), which states that if X {\displaystyle X} and Y {\displaystyle Y} are σ-finite measure spaces, and if f {\displaystyle f} is a measurable function, then Besides if any one of these integrals is finite... | Fubini's Theorem | 0.780925 |
90,353 | Tonelli's theorem, introduced by Leonida Tonelli in 1909, is similar, but applies to a non-negative measurable function rather than one integrable over their domains. A related theorem is often called Fubini's theorem for infinite series, which states that if { a m , n } m = 1 , n = 1 ∞ {\textstyle \{a_{m,n}\}_{m=1,n=1... | Fubini's Theorem | 0.780925 |
90,354 | In mathematical analysis, Fubini's theorem is a result that gives conditions under which it is possible to compute a double integral by using an iterated integral, introduced by Guido Fubini in 1907. One may switch the order of integration if the double integral yields a finite answer when the integrand is replaced by ... | Fubini's Theorem | 0.780925 |
90,355 | Version changes for NVMe, e.g., 1.3 to 1.4, are incorporated within the storage media, and do not affect PCIe-compatible components such as motherboards and CPUs.By its design, NVM Express allows host hardware and software to fully exploit the levels of parallelism possible in modern SSDs. As a result, NVM Express redu... | NVMe over Fabrics | 0.780924 |
90,356 | Thus such a gain medium must have a gain bandwidth sufficiently broad to amplify those frequencies. An example of a suitable material is titanium-doped, artificially grown sapphire (Ti:sapphire), which has a very wide gain bandwidth and can thus produce pulses of only a few femtoseconds duration. Such mode-locked laser... | Continuous wave laser | 0.780923 |
90,357 | In 1963, Roy J. Glauber showed that coherent states are formed from combinations of photon number states, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics. A coherent beam of light is formed by single-frequency quantum photon states distributed according to a Poisson distribution. As a result, the arrival rate of ph... | Continuous wave laser | 0.780923 |
90,358 | The discovery of hyperbolic geometry had important philosophical consequences. Before its discovery many philosophers (for example Hobbes and Spinoza) viewed philosophical rigour in terms of the "geometrical method", referring to the method of reasoning used in Euclid's Elements. Kant in the Critique of Pure Reason cam... | Gauss–Bolyai–Lobachevsky space | 0.780922 |
90,359 | Though hyperbolic geometry applies for any surface with a constant negative Gaussian curvature, it is usual to assume a scale in which the curvature K is −1. This results in some formulas becoming simpler. Some examples are: The area of a triangle is equal to its angle defect in radians. The area of a horocyclic sector... | Gauss–Bolyai–Lobachevsky space | 0.780922 |
90,360 | Hyperbolic geometry generally is introduced in terms of the geodesics and their intersections on the hyperbolic plane.Once we choose a coordinate chart (one of the "models"), we can always embed it in a Euclidean space of same dimension, but the embedding is clearly not isometric (since the curvature of Euclidean space... | Gauss–Bolyai–Lobachevsky space | 0.780922 |
90,361 | When a third line is introduced, then there can be properties of intersecting lines that differ from intersecting lines in Euclidean geometry. For example, given two intersecting lines there are infinitely many lines that do not intersect either of the given lines. These properties are all independent of the model used... | Gauss–Bolyai–Lobachevsky space | 0.780922 |
90,362 | Single lines in hyperbolic geometry have exactly the same properties as single straight lines in Euclidean geometry. For example, two points uniquely define a line, and line segments can be infinitely extended. Two intersecting lines have the same properties as two intersecting lines in Euclidean geometry. For example,... | Gauss–Bolyai–Lobachevsky space | 0.780922 |
90,363 | Non-intersecting lines in hyperbolic geometry also have properties that differ from non-intersecting lines in Euclidean geometry: For any line R and any point P which does not lie on R, in the plane containing line R and point P there are at least two distinct lines through P that do not intersect R.This implies that t... | Gauss–Bolyai–Lobachevsky space | 0.780922 |
90,364 | He was able to show that the maximal time of existence is an explicit constant multiple of the volume enclosed by the initial hypersurface, and that each hypersurface in the flow is smooth and strictly convex, with diameter converging to zero as the time approaches its maximum.In 1999, Ben Andrews succeeded in proving ... | Gauss curvature flow | 0.780922 |
90,365 | Due to the existence & uniqueness theorem above, the Gauss curvature flow has essentially only been studied in the cases of curve shortening flow, and in higher dimensions for closed convex hypersurfaces. Regardless of dimension, it has been most widely studied in the case that (M, g) is the Euclidean space ℝn + 1. In ... | Gauss curvature flow | 0.780922 |
90,366 | In the mathematical fields of differential geometry and geometric analysis, the Gauss curvature flow is a geometric flow for oriented hypersurfaces of Riemannian manifolds. In the case of curves in a two-dimensional manifold, it is identical with the curve shortening flow. The mean curvature flow is a different geometr... | Gauss curvature flow | 0.780922 |
90,367 | == In field theory == In physics, particularly in renormalization theory, an accidental symmetry is a symmetry which is present in a renormalizable theory only because the terms which break it have too high a dimension to appear in the Lagrangian.In the standard model, the lepton number and the baryon number are accide... | Accidental symmetry | 0.780919 |
90,368 | In the latter case, Noether's theorem also guarantees a conserved current. "Accidental" symmetry is the name given to observed degeneracies that are apparently not a consequence of symmetry. The term is misleading as often the observed degeneracy is not accidental at all, and is a consequence of a 'hidden' symmetry whi... | Accidental symmetry | 0.780919 |
90,369 | The observed degeneracy boils down to the fact that the system has a D3 symmetry. In quantum mechanics, calculations (at least formally) boil down to the diagonalization of Hermitian matrices - in particular, the Hamiltonian, or in the continuous case, the solution of linear differential equations. Again, observed dege... | Accidental symmetry | 0.780919 |
90,370 | In statistics, the folded-t and half-t distributions are derived from Student's t-distribution by taking the absolute values of variates. This is analogous to the folded-normal and the half-normal statistical distributions being derived from the normal distribution. | Folded-t and half-t distributions | 0.780918 |
90,371 | Cyclometalated rhodium compounds constitute an important class of organometallic chemistry. Although such compounds are well documented in the literature rhodium(III) cyclometalates with azo function are spare. A typical example of this category viz. novel hexacoordinated orthometalated rhodium(III) thiolato complex tr... | Organorhodium chemistry | 0.780917 |
90,372 | Organorhodium chemistry is the chemistry of organometallic compounds containing a rhodium-carbon chemical bond, and the study of rhodium and rhodium compounds as catalysts in organic reactions.Stable organorhodium compounds and transient organorhodium intermediates are used as catalyst such as in olefin hydroformylatio... | Organorhodium chemistry | 0.780917 |
90,373 | In theoretical computer science and mathematics, especially in the area of combinatorics on words, the Levi lemma states that, for all strings u, v, x and y, if uv = xy, then there exists a string w such that either uw = x and v = wy (if |u| ≤ |x|)or u = xw and wv = y (if |u| ≥ |x|)That is, there is a string w that is ... | Levi's lemma | 0.780917 |
90,374 | The use of this representation arose naturally from the Ashtekar–Barbero representation as it provides an exact non-perturbative description and also because the spatial diffeomorphism constraint is easily dealt with within this representation. Within the loop representation Thiemann has provided a well defined canonic... | Canonical general relativity | 0.780915 |
90,375 | Additional on-shell constraints, called secondary constraints by Dirac, arise from the consistency of the Poisson bracket algebra. These are H = 0 {\displaystyle {\mathcal {H}}=0} and ∇ j π i j = 0 {\displaystyle \nabla _{j}\pi ^{ij}=0} . This is the theory which is being quantized in approaches to canonical quantum gr... | Canonical general relativity | 0.780915 |
90,376 | The Lunar 100 (L100) is a list of one hundred of the most interesting features to observe on the Moon. The list was first described by Charles A. Wood in the article The Lunar 100 in Sky & Telescope magazine, April 2004.With this selection, Wood tried to give astronomy fans a list similar to the Messier catalog of deep... | Lunar 100 | 0.780915 |
90,377 | Chain rules for nonsmooth functions are very important in mathematics and mathematical physics since there are several important physical models whose behaviors are described by functions or functionals with a very limited degree of smoothness. The following chain rule is proved in the paper (Vol'pert 1967, p. 248). No... | Function of bounded variation | 0.780914 |
90,378 | In the case of several variables, a function f defined on an open subset Ω of R n {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{n}} is said to have bounded variation if its distributional derivative is a vector-valued finite Radon measure. One of the most important aspects of functions of bounded variation is that they form an algebra ... | Function of bounded variation | 0.780914 |
90,379 | Luigi Ambrosio home page at the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Academic home page (with preprints and publications) of one of the contributors to the theory and applications of BV functions. Research Group in Calculus of Variations and Geometric Measure Theory, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. This article incorpor... | Function of bounded variation | 0.780914 |
90,380 | {\displaystyle H(P,Q)={\sqrt {1-BC(P,Q)}}.} Hellinger distances are used in the theory of sequential and asymptotic statistics.The squared Hellinger distance between two normal distributions P ∼ N ( μ 1 , σ 1 2 ) {\displaystyle P\sim {\mathcal {N}}(\mu _{1},\sigma _{1}^{2})} and Q ∼ N ( μ 2 , σ 2 2 ) {\displaystyle Q\s... | Hellinger distance | 0.780914 |
90,381 | Mergelyan's theorem is a result from approximation by polynomials in complex analysis proved by the Armenian mathematician Sergei Mergelyan in 1951. | Mergelyan's theorem | 0.780914 |
90,382 | Let K be a compact subset of the complex plane C such that C∖K is connected. Then, every continuous function f: K → {\displaystyle \to } C, such that the restriction f to int(K) is holomorphic, can be approximated uniformly on K with polynomials. Here, int(K) denotes the interior of K.Mergelyan's theorem also holds for... | Mergelyan's theorem | 0.780914 |
90,383 | The European Research Center for Information Systems (ERCIS) was founded in 2004 at the University of Münster in Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The objective of ERCIS is connecting research in Information systems with Business, Computer Science, Communication Sciences, Law, Management and Mathematics. The ER... | European Research Center for Information Systems | 0.780912 |
90,384 | This article incorporates text from a free content work. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Text taken from "Molecular source attribution", Chao E, Chato C, Vender R, Olabode AS, Ferreira RC, Poon AFY (2022), PLOS Computational Biology, doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010649. ] == References == | Source attribution | 0.780912 |
90,385 | In general, phylodynamics is a subdiscipline of molecular epidemiology and phylogenetics that concerns the reconstruction of epidemiological processes, such as the rapid expansion of an epidemic or the emergence of herd immunity in the host population, from the shape of the phylogenetic tree relating infections sampled... | Source attribution | 0.780912 |
90,386 | The basic premise in applying phylogenetics to source attribution is that the shape of the phylogenetic tree approximates the transmission history, which can also be represented by a tree where each split into two branches represents the transmission of an infection from one host to another. In conjunction with reconst... | Source attribution | 0.780912 |
90,387 | On the other hand, analyzing the genetic (or whole genome) sequence data requires specialized computational methods to fit models of transmission. Consequently, molecular source attribution is a highly interdisciplinary area of molecular epidemiology that incorporates concepts and skills from mathematical statistics an... | Source attribution | 0.780912 |
90,388 | In some areas, particularly conformal geometry, a different weighting convention is used: the bundle of s-densities is instead associated with the character ρ ( A ) = | det A | − s / n . {\displaystyle \rho (A)=\left|\det A\right|^{-s/n}.} With this convention, for instance, one integrates n-densities (rather than 1-de... | Density on a manifold | 0.780912 |
90,389 | In 1996, while studying computer science at university, CEO, Andre Brandao developed a flight tracking application called AirNav Suite. In 2001 he established AirNav Systems.In early 2020, AirNav Systems announced a partnership with venture capital firm BrightCap Ventures. The same year, the company was chosen by ARGUS... | AirNav Systems | 0.78091 |
90,390 | The Radarbox website is a platform that provides flight tracking information of general aviation and commercial flights. The website also displays airport activity, weather information, airport and flight statistics, aviation news and photos. Users can use the site for free or can subscribe to one of three subscription... | AirNav Systems | 0.78091 |
90,391 | The Radarbox Fleet Tracker is tracking solution designed for fleet managers & owners to monitor and better manage their fleet of aircraft. In addition to viewing all active flights and statuses, fleet managers can view flight history for up to 365 days. Advanced aircraft statistics of a fleet such as total flight hours... | AirNav Systems | 0.78091 |
90,392 | Movement Statistics display the total aircraft traffic (arrivals & departures) at a particular airport for each day for up to 31 days. Airport Heat Maps display the frequency of flights to different airports or cities from a particular originating airport. The Radarbox real-time statistics page contains a large volume ... | AirNav Systems | 0.78091 |
90,393 | Macroscopic optical elements and active optical components as well as large area hot mirrors, cold mirrors, lenses, and beam splitters all with optimal geometry can be made quickly and at low cost via the sol–gel route. In the processing of high performance ceramic nanomaterials with superior opto-mechanical properties... | Sol gel | 0.780908 |
90,394 | Like some of the other critics, he emphasizes that inferring an interference pattern is not the same as measuring one: "Finally, the greatest weakness in the analysis given by Afshar is the inference that an interference pattern must be present." Andrew Knight, Department of Physics, New York UniversityArgues that Afsh... | Afshar experiment | 0.780908 |
90,395 | Afshar's coauthors Eduardo Flores and Ernst Knoesel criticize Kastner's setup and propose an alternative experimental setup. By removing the lens of Afshar and causing two beams to overlap at a small angle, Flores et al. aimed to show that conservation of momentum guarantee the preservation of which-path information wh... | Afshar experiment | 0.780908 |
90,396 | He also argues that the experiment can be understood with classical electrodynamics and has "nothing to do with quantum mechanics". Ole Steuernagel, School of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics, University of Hertfordshire, UK.Steuernagel makes a quantitative analysis of the various transmitted, refracted, and reflecte... | Afshar experiment | 0.780908 |
90,397 | In other words, he accepts the existence of an interference pattern but rejects the existence of which-way information. Luboš Motl, Former Assistant Professor of Physics, Harvard University.Motl's criticism, published in his blog, is based on an analysis of Afshar's actual setup, instead of proposing a different experi... | Afshar experiment | 0.780908 |
90,398 | From this he argues that the photons exhibit wave behavior, including high fringe visibility but no which-way information, up to the point they hit the detector: "In other words the two-peaked distribution is an interference pattern and the photon behaves as a wave and exhibits no particle properties until it hits the ... | Afshar experiment | 0.780908 |
90,399 | This does not imply that one has found out the up-down spin state and the sideways spin state of any electron simultaneously. Applied to Afshar's experiment: "Nevertheless, even with the grid removed, since the photon is prepared in a superposition S, the measurement at the final screen at t2 never really is a 'which-w... | Afshar experiment | 0.780908 |
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