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93,100 | In mathematics, specifically in algebraic topology, the cup product is a method of adjoining two cocycles of degree p and q to form a composite cocycle of degree p + q. This defines an associative (and distributive) graded commutative product operation in cohomology, turning the cohomology of a space X into a graded ri... | Cup product | 0.779823 |
93,101 | Mr. Farley: Jackson's father is a strict parent who is still upset about the death of his wife several years earlier. JP English: The father of Brooke English, JP is a professor of robotics at MIT. Nathaniel Goulman: JP's lab assistant. | Dot.Robot Series | 0.779822 |
93,102 | In mathematics, a circle bundle is a fiber bundle where the fiber is the circle S 1 {\displaystyle S^{1}} . Oriented circle bundles are also known as principal U(1)-bundles, or equivalently, as principal SO(2)-bundles. In physics, circle bundles are the natural geometric setting for electromagnetism. A circle bundle is... | Principal circle bundle | 0.779822 |
93,103 | {\displaystyle \partial K.} The original version of Rouché's theorem then follows from this symmetric version applied to the functions f + g , f {\displaystyle f+g,f} together with the trivial inequality | f ( z ) + g ( z ) | ≥ 0 {\displaystyle |f(z)+g(z)|\geq 0} (in fact this inequality is strict since f ( z ) + g ( z... | Rouché's theorem | 0.779822 |
93,104 | Rouché's theorem, named after Eugène Rouché, states that for any two complex-valued functions f and g holomorphic inside some region K {\displaystyle K} with closed contour ∂ K {\displaystyle \partial K} , if |g(z)| < |f(z)| on ∂ K {\displaystyle \partial K} , then f and f + g have the same number of zeros inside K {\d... | Rouché's theorem | 0.779822 |
93,105 | Rouché's theorem can also be used to give a short proof of the fundamental theorem of algebra. Let and choose R > 0 {\displaystyle R>0} so large that: Since a n z n {\displaystyle a_{n}z^{n}} has n {\displaystyle n} zeros inside the disk | z | < R {\displaystyle |z| 0 {\displaystyle R>0} ), it follows from Rouché's the... | Rouché's theorem | 0.779822 |
93,106 | Consider the polynomial z 2 + 2 a z + b 2 {\displaystyle z^{2}+2az+b^{2}} (where a > b > 0 {\displaystyle a>b>0} ). By the quadratic formula it has two zeros at − a ± a 2 − b 2 {\displaystyle -a\pm {\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}} . Rouché's theorem can be used to obtain more precise positions of them. Since Rouché's theorem say... | Rouché's theorem | 0.779822 |
93,107 | A stronger version of Rouché's theorem was published by Theodor Estermann in 1962. It states: let K ⊂ G {\displaystyle K\subset G} be a bounded region with continuous boundary ∂ K {\displaystyle \partial K} . Two holomorphic functions f , g ∈ H ( G ) {\displaystyle f,\,g\in {\mathcal {H}}(G)} have the same number of ro... | Rouché's theorem | 0.779822 |
93,108 | A committee machine is a type of artificial neural network using a divide and conquer strategy in which the responses of multiple neural networks (experts) are combined into a single response. The combined response of the committee machine is supposed to be superior to those of its constituent experts. Compare with ens... | Committee machine | 0.779818 |
93,109 | In differential geometry, the Frenet–Serret formulas describe the kinematic properties of a particle moving along a differentiable curve in three-dimensional Euclidean space R 3 {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{3}} , or the geometric properties of the curve itself irrespective of any motion. More specifically, the formulas... | Frenet–Serret formulas | 0.779817 |
93,110 | Hence the entries κ and τ of dQ/dsQT are invariants of the curve under Euclidean motions: if a Euclidean motion is applied to a curve, then the resulting curve has the same curvature and torsion. Moreover, using the Frenet–Serret frame, one can also prove the converse: any two curves having the same curvature and torsi... | Frenet–Serret formulas | 0.779817 |
93,111 | In classical Euclidean geometry, one is interested in studying the properties of figures in the plane which are invariant under congruence, so that if two figures are congruent then they must have the same properties. The Frenet–Serret apparatus presents the curvature and torsion as numerical invariants of a space curv... | Frenet–Serret formulas | 0.779817 |
93,112 | The Frenet–Serret apparatus allows one to define certain optimal ribbons and tubes centered around a curve. These have diverse applications in materials science and elasticity theory, as well as to computer graphics.The Frenet ribbon along a curve C is the surface traced out by sweeping the line segment generated by t... | Frenet–Serret formulas | 0.779817 |
93,113 | These bats must deal with changes in the Doppler shift due to changes in their flight speed. They have adapted to change their pulse emission frequency in relation to their flight speed so echoes still return in the optimal hearing range.In addition to echolocating prey, bat ears are sensitive to sounds made by their p... | Bat | 0.779816 |
93,114 | (I.e. it is unitary if ρ: G → U(H). Notice how this generalises the special case of the one-dimensional Hilbert space, where U(C) is just the circle group.) Given these definitions, we can state the second part of the Peter–Weyl theorem (Knapp 1986, Theorem 1.12): Peter–Weyl Theorem (Part II). Let ρ be a unitary repres... | Peter-Weyl theorem | 0.779816 |
93,115 | A continuous action ∗: G × H → H, gives rise to a continuous map ρ∗: G → HH (functions from H to H with the strong topology) defined by: ρ∗(g)(v) = ∗(g,v). This map is clearly a homomorphism from G into GL(H), the homeomorphic automorphisms of H. Conversely, given such a map, we can uniquely recover the action in the o... | Peter-Weyl theorem | 0.779816 |
93,116 | The second part of the theorem gives the existence of a decomposition of a unitary representation of G into finite-dimensional representations. Now, intuitively groups were conceived as rotations on geometric objects, so it is only natural to study representations which essentially arise from continuous actions on Hilb... | Peter-Weyl theorem | 0.779816 |
93,117 | Finally, we may form an orthonormal basis for L 2 ( G ) {\displaystyle L^{2}(G)} as follows. Suppose that a representative π is chosen for each isomorphism class of irreducible unitary representation, and denote the collection of all such π by Σ. Let u i j ( π ) {\displaystyle \scriptstyle {u_{ij}^{(\pi )}}} be the mat... | Peter-Weyl theorem | 0.779815 |
93,118 | To state the third and final part of the theorem, there is a natural Hilbert space over G consisting of square-integrable functions, L 2 ( G ) {\displaystyle L^{2}(G)} ; this makes sense because the Haar measure exists on G. The group G has a unitary representation ρ on L 2 ( G ) {\displaystyle L^{2}(G)} given by actin... | Peter-Weyl theorem | 0.779815 |
93,119 | The Peter–Weyl theorem—specifically the assertion that the characters form an orthonormal basis for the space of square-integrable class functions—plays a key role in the classification of the irreducible representations of a connected compact Lie group. The argument also depends on the Weyl integral formula (for class... | Peter-Weyl theorem | 0.779815 |
93,120 | In statistics and psychometrics, reliability is the overall consistency of a measure. A measure is said to have a high reliability if it produces similar results under consistent conditions:"It is the characteristic of a set of test scores that relates to the amount of random error from the measurement process that mig... | Reliability coefficient | 0.779815 |
93,121 | Twins who had spent their lives apart (such as those adopted by two different sets of parents at birth) had the greatest difference. However, certain characteristics become more alike as twins age, such as IQ and personality.In January 2021, new research from a team of researchers in Iceland was published in the journa... | Fraternal twins | 0.779814 |
93,122 | If they occur early in fetal development, they will be present in a very large proportion of body cells. Another cause of difference between monozygotic twins is epigenetic modification, caused by differing environmental influences throughout their lives. Epigenetics refers to the level of activity of any particular ge... | Fraternal twins | 0.779814 |
93,123 | In mathematics, a twisted sheaf is a variant of a coherent sheaf. Precisely, it is specified by: an open covering in the étale topology Ui, coherent sheaves Fi over Ui, a Čech 2-cocycle θ on the covering Ui as well as the isomorphisms g i j: F j | U i j → ∼ F i | U i j {\displaystyle g_{ij}:F_{j}|_{U_{ij}}{\overset {\s... | Twisted sheaf | 0.779813 |
93,124 | An Energy Management System is, in the context of energy conservation, a computer system which is designed specifically for the automated control and monitoring of those electromechanical facilities in a building which yield significant energy consumption such as heating, ventilation and lighting installations. The sco... | Energy management system (building management) | 0.779813 |
93,125 | It is built in such a way that it can work with any flexible device from any manufacturer, and that it would work for any energy management use case. The standard was ratified as a European standard by the European Electrotechnical Committee for Standardization (CENELEC) in 2018, in the form of the EN 50491–12 series.A... | Energy management system (building management) | 0.779813 |
93,126 | If six unordered points are given on a conic section, they can be connected into a hexagon in 60 different ways, resulting in 60 different instances of Pascal's theorem and 60 different Pascal lines. This configuration of 60 lines is called the Hexagrammum Mysticum.As Thomas Kirkman proved in 1849, these 60 lines can b... | Pascal line | 0.779812 |
93,127 | The same group operation can be applied on a conic if we choose a point E on the conic and a line MP in the plane. The sum of A and B is obtained by first finding the intersection point of line AB with MP, which is M. Next A and B add up to the second intersection point of the conic with line EM, which is D. Thus if Q ... | Pascal line | 0.779812 |
93,128 | Here the "ninth intersection" P cannot lie on the conic by genericity, and hence it lies on MN. The Cayley–Bacharach theorem is also used to prove that the group operation on cubic elliptic curves is associative. | Pascal line | 0.779812 |
93,129 | Pascal's theorem has a short proof using the Cayley–Bacharach theorem that given any 8 points in general position, there is a unique ninth point such that all cubics through the first 8 also pass through the ninth point. In particular, if 2 general cubics intersect in 8 points then any other cubic through the same 8 po... | Pascal line | 0.779812 |
93,130 | CSDP credential holders are also obligated to adhere to the IEEE/ACM's Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice. As of 2021, the IEEE-CS offer which is a successor to CSDP is the Professional Software Engineering Master (PSEM) certification. The exam is three hours, is proctored remotely, and consi... | Certified software development professional | 0.779811 |
93,131 | A number of new similar certifications were introduced by the IEEE Computer Society, including the Professional Software Engineering Master (PSEM) and Professional Software Engineering Process Master (PSEPM) Certifications (the later soon discontinued). To become a Certified Software Development Professional (CSDP) can... | Certified software development professional | 0.779811 |
93,132 | The certification was initially offered by the IEEE Computer Society to experienced software engineering and software development practitioners globally in 2001 in the course of the certification examination beta-testing. The CSDP certification program has been officially approved in 2002. After December 2014 this cert... | Certified software development professional | 0.779811 |
93,133 | The certification program constituted an element of the Computer Society's major efforts in the area of Software engineering professionalism, along with the IEEE-CS and ACM Software Engineering 2004 (SE2004) Undergraduate Curricula Recommendations, and The Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK Gui... | Certified software development professional | 0.779811 |
93,134 | Certified Software Development Professional (CSDP) is a vendor-neutral professional certification in software engineering developed by the IEEE Computer Society for experienced software engineering professionals. This certification was offered globally since 2001 through Dec. 2014. | Certified software development professional | 0.779811 |
93,135 | The IEEE Computer Society introduced the CSDP in 2002, and on October 27, 2008, it became the first certification to conform to ISO/IEC 24773 standard for software engineering certification.) | Certified software development professional | 0.779811 |
93,136 | The CSDP examination content was based on the Guide To The Software Engineering Body of Knowledge. The examination covered content from all primary knowledge areas in the SWEBOK Guide Version 3. Below is a list of the topics tested in terms of their proportion of the total examination. Software requirements 11% Softwar... | Certified software development professional | 0.779811 |
93,137 | Most of the advances in pulsar astronomy were due to the discovery of new objects. A major increase in search sensitivity has already started a new era of discovery at the Arecibo Observatory. This increase in search sensitivity is due first and foremost by the ALFA receiver and the pulsar surveys it makes possible, wh... | PALFA Survey | 0.779808 |
93,138 | The data processed thus far has revealed that the radio frequency interference (RFI) environment at Arecibo significantly affects the detection threshold of the survey, creating unforeseen challenges in identifying the many weak pulsars that are likely lurking in the data. To address this, the PALFA consortium is activ... | PALFA Survey | 0.779808 |
93,139 | Kerry S. Walters, an emeritus philosophy professor from Gettysburg College, argues that rationality demands more than just logical or traditional methods of problem solving and analysis or what he calls the "calculus of justification" but also considers "cognitive acts such as imagination, conceptual creativity, intuit... | Critical analysis | 0.779808 |
93,140 | Some text editors do not let the user start editing until this read-in is complete. Editing performance also often suffers in nonspecialized editors, with the editor taking seconds or even minutes to respond to keystrokes or navigation commands. Specialized editors have optimizations such as only storing the visible po... | Text Editor | 0.779808 |
93,141 | In particular, PTP does not specify how the clocks should operate when the network is duplicated for better resilience to failures. The PTP Industrial Profile (PIP) is a standard of the IEC 62439-3 that specifies in its Annex C two Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 / IEC 61588 profiles, L3E2E and L2P2P, to synchronize ... | Precision Time Protocol Industry Profile | 0.779808 |
93,142 | IEC 62439-3 Annex C specifies requirements in addition to IEEE 1588: A clock shall accept both 1-step and 2-step corrections (improves plug-and-play) All clocks can be doubly attached using the IEC 62439-3 protocol (PRP "Parallel Redundancy Protocol" or HSR "High-availability Seamless Redundancy") Several master clocks... | Precision Time Protocol Industry Profile | 0.779808 |
93,143 | The PIP relies on the IEEE 1588 topology, consisting of grandmaster clocks (GC), ordinary clocks (OC), boundary clocks (BC), transparent clocks (TC) and hybrid clocks (HC = TC&OC). For redundancy, a PIP network contains several clocks that are master-capable. Normally, the best master clock ensures that only one grandm... | Precision Time Protocol Industry Profile | 0.779808 |
93,144 | Structural risk minimization (SRM) is an inductive principle of use in machine learning. Commonly in machine learning, a generalized model must be selected from a finite data set, with the consequent problem of overfitting – the model becoming too strongly tailored to the particularities of the training set and general... | Structural risk minimization | 0.779808 |
93,145 | One of the key achievements of the university's scientists has been the invention of techniques to drill through several miles of Antarctic ice to reach the sub-glacial Lake Vostok. Professor Nikolai Vasiliev, head of the drilling department at the university, has led the drilling efforts, while scientific research int... | Saint Petersburg Mining University | 0.779807 |
93,146 | In mathematics, circle-valued Morse theory studies the topology of a smooth manifold by analyzing the critical points of smooth maps from the manifold to the circle, in the framework of Morse homology. It is an important special case of Sergei Novikov's Morse theory of closed one-forms.Michael Hutchings and Yi-Jen Lee ... | Circle-valued Morse theory | 0.779806 |
93,147 | Each layer's band gap can be designed to best absorb a different range of wavelengths, such that together they can absorb a greater spectrum of light.Further advancement into geometric considerations can exploit nanomaterial dimensionality. Large, parallel nanowire arrays enable long absorption lengths along the length... | Thin film solar cell | 0.779803 |
93,148 | In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Tutte 12-cage or Benson graph is a 3-regular graph with 126 vertices and 189 edges named after W. T. Tutte.The Tutte 12-cage is the unique (3-12)-cage (sequence A052453 in the OEIS). It was discovered by C. T. Benson in 1966. It has chromatic number 2 (bipartite), chromati... | Tutte 12-cage | 0.779801 |
93,149 | Bcfg2 is based on a client-server architecture. The client is responsible for interpreting (but not processing) the configuration served by the server. This configuration is literal, so no client-side processing of the configuration is required. After completion of the configuration process, the client uploads a set of... | Bcfg2 | 0.779801 |
93,150 | Bcfg2 (pronounced "bee-config") is a configuration management tool developed in the Mathematics and Computer Science Division of Argonne National Laboratory. Bcfg2 aids in the infrastructure management lifecycle – configuration analysis, service deployment, and configuration auditing. It includes tools for visualizing ... | Bcfg2 | 0.779801 |
93,151 | The Bcfg2 server is responsible for taking a network description and turning it into a series of configuration specifications for particular clients. It also manages probed data and tracks statistics for clients. | Bcfg2 | 0.779801 |
93,152 | In ultra-low-temperature physics, Sisyphus cooling, the Sisyphus effect, or polarization gradient cooling involves the use of specially selected laser light, hitting atoms from various angles to both cool and trap them in a potential well, effectively rolling the atom down a hill of potential energy until it has lost i... | Sisyphus effect | 0.779798 |
93,153 | Reviews in Publishers Weekly and Kirkus were generally positive, while the latter noted that Carroll's "eschewing mathematics" may have been somewhat detrimental when discussing topics that "might benefit from at least a little math," observing, "Readers who remember freshman college physics will be intrigued; others w... | Something Deeply Hidden | 0.779798 |
93,154 | In this book, Carroll examines the reasons why people misunderstand quantum mechanics and advocates a version of the many-worlds interpretation, while objecting to the views often grouped together as the Copenhagen interpretation. | Something Deeply Hidden | 0.779798 |
93,155 | The broad use of the Gal4 is in yeast two-hybrid screening to screen or to assay protein-protein interactions in eukaryotic cells from yeast to human. In the GAL4/UAS system, the Gal4 protein and Gal4 upstream activating region (UAS) are used to study the gene expression and function in organisms such as the fruit fly.... | Gal4 transcription factor | 0.779798 |
93,156 | In "The Garden of Forking Paths", Borges describes a novel by the fictional Chinese scholar Ts'ui Pên, whose plot bifurcates at every point in time. The idea of the flow of time branching can be compared to the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics and the notion of multiverses present in some versions of str... | Jorge Luis Borges and mathematics | 0.779794 |
93,157 | Jorge Luis Borges and mathematics concerns several modern mathematical concepts found in certain essays and short stories of Argentinian author Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986), including concepts such as set theory, recursion, chaos theory, and infinite sequences, although Borges' strongest links to mathematics are throu... | Jorge Luis Borges and mathematics | 0.779794 |
93,158 | Netflix, for example, uses a neural network to see what genre of movies you prefer to watch. Neural networks also do data processing, including data filtering, similar to the purpose of a filtering system. Relational Database – A relational database is a digital database which organizes data into tables (or "relations"... | Product finder | 0.779792 |
93,159 | To find the product the user is looking for, they would find the tag within the cloud, click on the tag and be directed to a landing page where their desired product is featured. Neural Networks – A neural network is a family of learning models inspired by biological neural networks (the nervous systems of animals, in ... | Product finder | 0.779792 |
93,160 | To support this hypothesis, Reuben Lasker cited the disconnect between spawning stock biomass and the recruitment of numerous fish species. One explanation of this disconnect suggests larval recruitment is influenced by spatial and temporal patterns of their food, like phytoplankton or zooplankton, which can be greatly... | Stable ocean hypothesis | 0.779791 |
93,161 | The stable ocean hypothesis (SOH) is one of several hypotheses within larval fish ecology that attempt to explain recruitment variability (Figure 1; Table 1). The SOH is the notion that favorable and somewhat stable physical and biological ocean conditions, such as the flow of currents and food availability, are import... | Stable ocean hypothesis | 0.779791 |
93,162 | Lasker's SOH and the many other explanations of recruitment in larval variability are certainly relevant. However, current consensus is that larval recruitment and survival are, to some extent, dependent upon all of these processes and more; physical oceanography, prey, dispersal, and settlement/habitat are all very im... | Stable ocean hypothesis | 0.779791 |
93,163 | In the book Advances in Marine Biology, Heath (1992) astutely outlines some of the limitations and controversy associated with the SOH. Three major limiting conditions include, but are not limited to: Species- and region-specific: SOH is based primarily on experimental studies of Pacific anchovy in the California curre... | Stable ocean hypothesis | 0.779791 |
93,164 | Martz Observatory, now known as the Martz-Kohl Observatory, is a public, not-for-profit organization devoted to the amateur astronomer. The emphasis of the association is observational astronomy, well-rooted in public education and enjoyment of the starry skies. It was founded by, and eventually named after, Marshal Ma... | Martz Observatory | 0.77979 |
93,165 | Magnetic flow meters, commonly referred to as "mag meters", are technically a velocity-type water meter, except that they use electromagnetic properties to determine the water flow velocity, rather than the mechanical means used by jet and turbine meters. Mag meters use the physics principle of Faraday's law of inducti... | Water meter | 0.779788 |
93,166 | One cause of this is mass segregation, the process by which lighter stars gain speed at the expense of more massive stars during close encounters, which moves them to greater average distance from the center of the cluster or allows escape altogether.A March 2016 joint AIP/JHU study by Barnes et al. on rotational perio... | Open Cluster M67 | 0.779786 |
93,167 | In probability theory, the Landau distribution is a probability distribution named after Lev Landau. Because of the distribution's "fat" tail, the moments of the distribution, like mean or variance, are undefined. The distribution is a particular case of stable distribution. | Landau distribution | 0.779785 |
93,168 | Its concepts have been applied across fields as diverse as geophysics, physical cosmology, evolutionary biology and ecology, bio-inspired computing and optimization (mathematics), economics, quantum gravity, sociology, solar physics, plasma physics, neurobiology and others. SOC is typically observed in slowly driven no... | Self organized criticality | 0.779784 |
93,169 | In the U.S., they are treated as an upper limit of acceptability and not a regulatory limit.Measurements of the radiation environment at commercial aircraft altitudes above 8 km (26,000 ft) have historically been done by instruments that record the data on board where the data are then processed later on the ground. Ho... | AE index | 0.779784 |
93,170 | Richard Christopher Carrington correctly connected the storm with a solar flare that he had observed the day before in the vicinity of a large sunspot group, demonstrating that specific solar events could affect the Earth. Kristian Birkeland explained the physics of aurorae by creating artificial ones in his laboratory... | AE index | 0.779784 |
93,171 | Retrieved 2015-07-25. "Mexican Space Weather Service (SCiESMEX)". www.sciesmex.unam.mx. Retrieved 2015-11-27. Space Weather Today - Space Weather from Russian Institute for Applied Geophysics | AE index | 0.779784 |
93,172 | www.cpi.com. Retrieved 2015-07-25. "Exploration Physics International, Inc. (EXPI)". | AE index | 0.779784 |
93,173 | www.carmelresearchcenter.com. Retrieved 2015-07-25. "Computational Physics, Incorporated (CPI)". | AE index | 0.779784 |
93,174 | Fullerene is a relatively new substance in chemistry sciences. Buckminsterfullerene itself was discovered in 1985 and the first fullerene-containing polymers were reported at least 6 years later. The main milestones in the use of fullerene in polymer chemistry are listed below: 1992 – Synthesis of organometallic C60 po... | Polyfullerene | 0.779782 |
93,175 | Polyfullerenes are currently in an early research phase and real-world applications or even industrial production solutions are yet to be found. The main reasons for this are the novelty of combining fullerene chemistry with polymer chemistry and the fact that fullerene can be currently synthesized on a scale of a few ... | Polyfullerene | 0.779781 |
93,176 | Propenidazole is an antiinfective imidazole derivative used in gynecology. == References == | Propenidazole | 0.779781 |
93,177 | Several operating systems provide some support for cryptographic hardware. The BSD family of systems has the OpenBSD Cryptographic Framework (OCF), Linux systems have the Crypto API, Solaris OS has the Solaris Cryptographic Framework (SCF) and Microsoft Windows has the Microsoft CryptoAPI. Some cryptographic accelerato... | Cryptographic accelerator | 0.779781 |
93,178 | In some species riskier activities are taken up by older individuals. This is termed as age polyethism. Time- and season-related specialization may also be termed more generically as temporal polyethism. The mechanisms involved in the control of polyethism has been an area of intense research in the field of sociobiolo... | Age polyethism | 0.779781 |
93,179 | In ray casting the geometry which has been modeled is parsed pixel by pixel, line by line, from the point of view outward, as if casting rays out from the point of view. Where an object is intersected, the color value at the point may be evaluated using several methods. In the simplest, the color value of the object at... | Computer graphics rendering | 0.779781 |
93,180 | In theoretical physics, a cascading gauge theory is a gauge theory whose coupling rapidly changes with the scale in such a way that Seiberg duality must be applied many times. Igor Klebanov and Matthew Strassler studied this kind of N=1 gauge theory in the context of the AdS-CFT correspondence, which is dual to the war... | Cascading gauge theory | 0.77978 |
93,181 | Niflumic acid is a drug used for joint and muscular pain. It is categorized as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2. In experimental biology, it has been employed to inhibit chloride channels. It has also been reported to act on GABA-A and NMDA channels and to block T-type calcium channels. == References == | Niflumic acid | 0.779779 |
93,182 | The Ab is conjugated to the superparamagnetic iron oxide NP by different methods including the carbodiimide method. The conjugated NP+Ab are then incubated with the cell lines and may be examined by transmission-electron microscopy (TEM) to confirm that the NP+Ab are attached to the cells. Other methods to determine wh... | Superparamagnetic relaxometry | 0.779779 |
93,183 | {\displaystyle f.} The main discontinuities for that purpose are the essential discontinuities of first kind and consequently the Lebesgue-Vitali theorem can be rewritten as follows: A bounded function, f , {\displaystyle f,} is Riemann integrable on {\displaystyle } if and only if the correspondent set E 1 {\displays... | Essential discontinuity | 0.779775 |
93,184 | When I = {\displaystyle I=} and f {\displaystyle f} is a bounded function, it is well-known of the importance of the set D {\displaystyle D} in the regard of the Riemann integrability of f . {\displaystyle f.} In fact, Lebesgue's Theorem (also named Lebesgue-Vitali) theorem) states that f {\displaystyle f} is Riemann ... | Essential discontinuity | 0.779775 |
93,185 | In fact, if x 0 ∈ I {\displaystyle x_{0}\in I} is a point of discontinuity of f {\displaystyle f} , then necessarily x 0 {\displaystyle x_{0}} is an essential discontinuity of f {\displaystyle f} .This means in particular that the following two situations cannot occur: Furtherly, two other situations have to be exclude... | Essential discontinuity | 0.779775 |
93,186 | Recall that any continuous function, by Bolzano's Theorem, satisfies the intermediate value property. On the other hand, the intermediate value property does not prevent f {\displaystyle f} from having discontinuities on the interval I {\displaystyle I} . But Darboux's Theorem has an immediate consequence on the type o... | Essential discontinuity | 0.779775 |
93,187 | Let now I ⊆ R {\displaystyle I\subseteq \mathbb {R} } an open interval and f: I → R {\displaystyle f:I\to \mathbb {R} } the derivative of a function, F: I → R {\displaystyle F:I\to \mathbb {R} } , differentiable on I {\displaystyle I} . That is, F ′ ( x ) = f ( x ) {\displaystyle F'(x)=f(x)} for every x ∈ I {\displayst... | Essential discontinuity | 0.779775 |
93,188 | The organic chemistry of nitrosamines is well developed with regard to their syntheses, their structures, and their reactions. They usually are produced by the reaction of nitrous acid (HNO2) and secondary amines, although other nitrosyl sources (e.g. N2O4, NOCl, RONO) have the same effect: The nitrous acid usually ari... | Nitrosamine | 0.779775 |
93,189 | In organic chemistry, nitrosamines (or more formally N-nitrosamines) are organic compounds with the chemical structure R2N−N=O, where R is usually an alkyl group. They feature a nitroso group (NO+) bonded to a deprotonated amine. Most nitrosamines are carcinogenic in nonhuman animals. A 2006 systematic review supports ... | Nitrosamine | 0.779775 |
93,190 | In topology and related areas of mathematics, a neighbourhood (or neighborhood) is one of the basic concepts in a topological space. It is closely related to the concepts of open set and interior. Intuitively speaking, a neighbourhood of a point is a set of points containing that point where one can move some amount in... | Neighborhood (topology) | 0.779775 |
93,191 | In organic chemistry, vinylogy is the transmission of electronic effects through a conjugated organic bonding system. The concept was introduced in 1926 by Ludwig Claisen to explain the acidic properties of formylacetone and related ketoaldehydes. Formylacetone, technically CH3(C=O)CH2CH=O, only exists in the ionized f... | Vinylogy | 0.779775 |
93,192 | Since 2006, though, a few fossils of similar animals have been found in rocks from the Ordovician, Silurian, and Early Devonian periods, in other words up to 100 million years after the Burgess Shale. The particular way in which such animals have been fossilized may depend on types of ocean chemistry that were present ... | Signor–Lipps effect | 0.779775 |
93,193 | Noise-induced order is a mathematical phenomenon appearing in the Matsumoto-Tsuda model of the Belosov-Zhabotinski reaction. In this model, adding noise to the system causes a transition from a "chaotic" behaviour to a more "ordered" behaviour; this article was a seminal paper in the area and generated a big number of ... | Noise-induced order | 0.779767 |
93,194 | The development of a classification system for Blastocystis in 2007 produced a series of studies investigating this possibility.The studies that followed generally found that no specific "pathogenic" or nonpathogenic species of Blastocystis exists. One study investigated the subtypes found in patients with irritable bo... | Blastocystosis | 0.779765 |
93,195 | Researchers have published conflicting reports concerning whether Blastocystis causes symptoms in humans, with one of the earliest reports in 1916. The incidence of reports associated with symptoms began to increase in 1984, with physicians from Saudi Arabia reporting symptoms in humans and US physicians reporting symp... | Blastocystosis | 0.779765 |
93,196 | subtype nn where nn is a number from 1 to 9 indicating the species group of the Blastocystis organism. The identification of the species can not be performed with a microscope at this time, because the different species look alike. Identification requires equipment for genetic analysis that is common in microbiology la... | Blastocystosis | 0.779765 |
93,197 | Research is continuing into which species groups are associated with symptomatic (see Genetics and Symptoms) blastocystosis.Immuno-fluorescence (IFA) stain: An IFA stain causes Blastocystis cells to glow when viewed under a microscope, making the diagnostic method more reliable. IFA stains are in use for Giardia and Cr... | Blastocystosis | 0.779765 |
93,198 | The promise of using deep learning tools in reinforcement learning is generalization: the ability to operate correctly on previously unseen inputs. For instance, neural networks trained for image recognition can recognize that a picture contains a bird even it has never seen that particular image or even that particula... | End-to-end reinforcement learning | 0.779764 |
93,199 | Inverse RL refers to inferring the reward function of an agent given the agent's behavior. Inverse reinforcement learning can be used for learning from demonstrations (or apprenticeship learning) by inferring the demonstrator's reward and then optimizing a policy to maximize returns with RL. Deep learning approaches ha... | End-to-end reinforcement learning | 0.779764 |
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