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Sending Ethernet Frames with Switches and Hubs 53
Sending in Modern Ethernet LANs Using Full Duplex 53 Using Half Duplex with LAN Hubs 54
Chapter Review 56
Chapter 3 Fundamentals of WANs and IP Routing 58 “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 58 Foundation Topics 60
Wide-Area Networks 60 Leased-Line WANs 61
Physical Details of Leased Lines 61
HDLC Data-Link Details of Leased Lines 63 How Routers Use a WAN Data Link 64
Ethernet as a WAN Technology 65
Ethernet WANs That Create a Layer 2 Service 66
How Routers Route IP Packets Using Ethernet Emulation 67 IP Routing 68
Network Layer Routing (Forwarding) Logic 68
Host Forwarding Logic: Send the Packet to the Default Router 69 R1 and R2’s Logic: Routing Data Across the Network 70
R3’s Logic: Delivering Data to the End Destination 70 How Network Layer Routing Uses LANs and WANs 70 How IP Addressing Helps IP Routing 72
Rules for Groups of IP Addresses (Networks and Subnets) 73 The IP Header 73
How IP Routing Protocols Help IP Routing 74 Other Network Layer Features 75
Using Names and the Domain Name System 76 The Address Resolution Protocol 77
ICMP Echo and the ping Command 78 Chapter Review 79
Part I Review 80
Part II Implementing Ethernet LANs 83
Chapter 4 Using the Command-Line Interface 84 “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 84 Foundation Topics 86
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xiv CCNA 200-301 Official Cert Guide, Volume 1
Accessing the Cisco Catalyst Switch CLI 86 Cisco Catalyst Switches 86
Accessing the Cisco IOS CLI 87 Cabling the Console Connection 88
Accessing the CLI with Telnet and SSH 90 User and Enable (Privileged) Modes 91
Password Security for CLI Access from the Console 93 CLI Help Features 94
The debug and show Commands 95 Configuring Cisco IOS Software 96
Configuration Submodes and Contexts 97 Storing Switch Configuration Files 99 Copying and Erasing Configuration Files 101
Chapter Review 102
Chapter 5 Analyzing Ethernet LAN Switching 106 “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 106 Foundation Topics 108
LAN Switching Concepts 108 Overview of Switching Logic 109
Forwarding Known Unicast Frames 110 Learning MAC Addresses 113
Flooding Unknown Unicast and Broadcast Frames 114 Avoiding Loops Using Spanning Tree Protocol 114 LAN Switching Summary 115
Verifying and Analyzing Ethernet Switching 116 Demonstrating MAC Learning 117
Switch Interfaces 118
Finding Entries in the MAC Address Table 120 Managing the MAC Address Table (Aging, Clearing) 121 MAC Address Tables with Multiple Switches 123
Chapter Review 124
Chapter 6 Configuring Basic Switch Management 126 “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 126 Foundation Topics 128
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xv
Securing the Switch CLI 128
Securing User Mode and Privileged Mode with Simple Passwords 129 Securing User Mode Access with Local Usernames and Passwords 133 Securing User Mode Access with External Authentication Servers 135 Securing Remote Access with Secure Shell 136
Enabling IPv4 for Remote Access 139 Host and Switch IP Settings 140 Configuring IPv4 on a Switch 142
Configuring a Switch to Learn Its IP Address with DHCP 143 Verifying IPv4 on a Switch 143
Miscellaneous Settings Useful in the Lab 144 History Buffer Commands 144
The logging synchronous, exec-timeout, and no ip domain-lookup Commands 145
Chapter Review 146
Chapter 7 Configuring and Verifying Switch Interfaces 150 “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 150
Foundation Topics 152 Configuring Switch Interfaces 152
Configuring Speed, Duplex, and Description 152
Configuring Multiple Interfaces with the interface range Command 154 Administratively Controlling Interface State with shutdown 155 Removing Configuration with the no Command 157
Autonegotiation 158
Autonegotiation Under Working Conditions 158
Autonegotiation Results When Only One Node Uses Autonegotiation 160
Autonegotiation and LAN Hubs 161 Analyzing Switch Interface Status and Statistics 162
Interface Status Codes and Reasons for Nonworking States 162 Interface Speed and Duplex Issues 163
Common Layer 1 Problems on Working Interfaces 166 Chapter Review 168
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xvi CCNA 200-301 Official Cert Guide, Volume 1
Part II Review 172
Part III Implementing VLANs and STP 175