question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
values | rationale stringlengths 0 22.5k ⌀ | split stringclasses 1
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The following complications are likely to increase in a case of severe anemia during the pregnancy except : | [
"Pre-eclampsia",
"Intercurrent infection",
"Hea failure",
"Subinvolution"
] | D | Subinvolution | train | med_mcqa | null |
Dislocation of the veebra is uncommon in thoracic region because in this region: | [
"The aicular process are interlocked",
"The veebral body is long",
"Anterior longitudinal ligament is strong",
"Spinous process is long and pointed"
] | A | In the thoracic and lumbar region of the veebral column the adjoining veebrae are maintained in position by the close interlocking of the aicular process. As a result dislocation in this region is highly uncommon and usually takes place after fracture of the aicular process. Interveebral disc herniation is more common ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Paget's disease of the nipple is | [
"Superficial manifestation of underlying breast Ca",
"Galactocele",
"Eczema",
"All of the above"
] | A | Paget's disease of the nipple is superficial manifestation of an intraductal breast carcinoma. The malignancy spreads within the duct up to the skin of the nipple and down into the substance of the breast. It mimics eczema of nipple and areola. In Paget's disease, there is a hard nodule just underneath the areola, whic... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true regarding fetal BBC's except – | [
"Elevated 2,3 DPG",
"Decreased carbonic anhydrase activity",
"Decreased life span",
"High RBC volume"
] | A | Fetal RBC contains less 2, 3 DPG. | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is the ideal treatment for a 55-years female with Simple hyperplasia of endometrium with Atypia : | [
"Simple Hysterectomy",
"Medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA)",
"Levonorgesterol (LNG)",
"IUCD"
] | A | With atypia, hysterectomy is the best option There is 25% association with coexisting endometrial carcinoma and a high risk of progression to endometrial cancer Reference : Textbook of Gynaecology; Sheila balakrishnan; 2nd edition; Pg no: 247 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A coronally positioned pedicle graft is used when a single tooth exhibits gingival recession and | [
"Bleeding",
"Pus discharge",
"Irreversible pulpitis",
"Sensitivity"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Absorption of vitamin A can be enhanced by giving the child a diet rich in – | [
"Fat",
"Protein",
"Minerals",
"Carbohydrates"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hemodialysis is used in all EXCEPT: | [
"Barbiturates",
"Organophosphates",
"Salicylates",
"Theophylline poisoning"
] | B | B i.e. Organophosphates | train | med_mcqa | null |
Membrana tectoria is continuation of: | [
"Anterior longitudinal ligament",
"Posterior longitudinal ligament",
"Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane",
"Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane"
] | B | Ans. b. Posterior longitudinal ligament | train | med_mcqa | null |
"Tuberculate spores" are characteristic features of- | [
"Candida",
"Histoplasma",
"Coccidioidomycosis",
"Cryptococcus"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The differentiation of the Gonad into Male is dependent on: | [
"Presence of SRY gene",
"Lack of SRY gene",
"Presence of AMH",
"Presence of Testosterones"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
This might be seen in <img src=" /> | [
"Alcoholic cirrhosis",
"Irritable bowel disease",
"Celiac sprue",
"Pernicious anaemia"
] | A | This is spider angioma, With release of central compression, the aeriole fills from the center and spreads out peripherally. Seen in cirrhosisFeatures of alcoholic cirrhosisOn physical examination, the liver and spleen may be enlarged, with the liver edge being firm and nodular. Other frequent findings include scleral ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Shakir's tape is used in age group of:- | [
"3 months to 5 years",
"6 months to 5 years",
"9 months to 5 years",
"1 year to 5 years"
] | B | Mid Arm Circumference:- Field instrument used to measure Mid arm circumference is Shakir's tape Used in age group 6 months to 5years. Normal value is > 13.5cms Mild to moderate PEM = 12.5 -13.5 cms Severe PEM = <12.5 cms | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are reduced in Iron deficiency anaemia EXCEPT: | [
"T.I.B.C",
"Percentage saturation of Transferrin",
"Hemoglobin",
"Ferritin"
] | A | Ref: Robbins E- Book P 454Iron deficiency anaemia has all parameters reduced except Total iron binding capacity. Iron deficiency anemiaHematocrit| to |||MCV| to |||MCHC|Serum iron| to |||Serum TIBCNormal to | Serum ferritin| to ||Stainable iron in marrowAbsentReticulocytesNormal to | | train | med_mcqa | null |
Back washing is a recommended technique for | [
"Rapid Sand Filter",
"Slow Sand Filter",
"Community Well",
"Domestic Filter"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best way to prevent infection after cataract surgery is? | [
"Antibiotics",
"Yebrows shaving",
"Through irrigation",
"None of the above"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Antibiotics Perioperative measures toprevent infection The most impoant source of potential infectious organisms is the patient's own natural conjunctival and skin flora. So, prophylactic antibiotic should adequately cover these organisms. The pre- operative topical antibiotic should be staed 3 days p... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An elderly patient complains of recurrent episodes of amaurosis fugax. This is attributable to microembolization of which of the following? | [
"Facial artery",
"Retinal artery",
"Occipital artery",
"Posterior auricular artery"
] | B | Amaurosis fugax, one type of TIA, is a manifestation of carotid bifurcation atherosclerotic disease. It is manifested by unilateral blindness, being described by the patient as a window shade across the eye, lasting for minutes or hours. It is caused by micro emboli from a carotid lesion lodging in the retinal artery, ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Virus causing hemorrhagic conjunctivitis is - | [
"Coxsakie A24",
"Poxvirus",
"Measels",
"Mumps"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Coxsakie A24 o Repeat from previous sessions. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following statements about amiloride are true EXCEPT : | [
"It antagonises the action of aldosterone",
"It is the drug of choice for the treatment of lithium induced diabetes insipidus",
"It decreases calcium loss in the urine",
"It is more potent than triamterene"
] | A | Amiloride acts by blocking epithelial Na+ channels. It has no effect on aldosterone receptors.
It is more potent than triamterene.
It decreases Ca2+ loss in the urine
It is the drug of choice for lithium-induced DI. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Heberden done denotes involvement of | [
"Distal inetrphalangeal joint",
"Proximal interphalangel joint",
"Metacarpophalangeal joint",
"Metatarsophalangeal joint"
] | A | In osteoahritis of hand:Distal interphalangeal joint: Heberden's nodeProximal interphalangeal joint: Bouchard's node(Refer: Mohindra's Fundamentals of Ohopedics, 2nd edition, pg no. 88, 101, 127) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Skin TB from an underlying structure is called: | [
"Scrofuloderma",
"Lupus vulgaris",
"Erythema nodosum",
"Erythema gangrenosum"
] | A | Scrofuloderma: multibacillary type of cutaneous tuberculosis. Earlier known as Tuberculosis cutis colliquativa. It develops as infection into the skin from an underlying focus, usually lymph nodes and occasionally bone, joint. MC in children. MC lymph node involved: Cervical Begins as asymptomatic, bluish red, subcutan... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drug when combined with Electro-convulsive therapy leads to post ictal delirium | [
"Succinylcholine",
"Lithium",
"Desipramine",
"Clozapine"
] | B | Lithium when combined with ECT Lowered seizure threshold - Prolonged seizures(lasting > 3 min). Results in post-ictal delirium. Doses are withheld for 24 hours prior to treatment | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 53-year-old woman presents to the clinic for evaluation of a new left breast lump that she discovered 1 week ago. The nodule is not painful; she feels well and has no other symptoms. On physical examination the lump is palpable, and there are no axillary lymph nodes. The mammogram confirms the presence of a 1-cm brea... | [
"simple mastectomy with axillary dissection",
"radiation therapy to breast and axilla",
"local excision plus radiation therapy",
"local excision and axillary dissection followed by radiation therapy"
] | D | Breast-conserving surgery is now recommended for small tumors. Radiation therapy will decrease local recurrence rates. For tumors < 1 cm, adjuvant therapy is indicated only if axillary nodes are positive. Therefore, in this case, an axillary dissection will provide important therapeutic information. However, this is an... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Prophylaxis against spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ( SBP) in case of cirrhosis with ascites is indicated in: | [
"Patients with high protein ascites",
"Prior history of SBP",
"Serum creatinine 1 mg/dl",
"Child pugh < 8"
] | B | The risk factors for SBP are 1.Ascitic fluid protein < 1 g/dl 2.Variceal hemorrhage 3.Prior episode of SBP Acute variceal bleeding patients need prophylaxis against SBP & Drugs used for prophylaxis are: 1.Inj.Ceftriaxone 1 g/day 2. Oral. Ofloxacin 400 mg/day or Norfloxacin 400 OD Primary prophylaxis is indicated in pat... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 23-year-old woman is diagnosed with SLE. Which of the following organ system complications is she most likely to have over the course of her lifetime? | [
"Cardiopulmonary",
"Cutaneous",
"Renal",
"Musculoskeletal"
] | D | SLE is a multisystem disease with diverse organ involvement. The most common system to be involved is the musculoskeletal system. Most commonly as ahralgias or myalgias. Ahritis is also common and is one of the diagnostic criteria for SLE. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Spider leg appearance is found in – | [
"Polycystic kidney",
"Pyelonephritis",
"Hydronephrosis",
"Renal artery stenosis"
] | A | Spider leg appearance on IVP is seen in Polycystic kidney disease. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Globi is - | [
"Histiocyte containing acid fast bacillus",
"Lymphocyte containing acid-fast bacillus",
"Neutrophile containing acid-fast bacillus",
"Large lymphocyte containing acid fast bacillus"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Histiocyte containing acid-fast bacillus | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient of Rheumatic heart disease developed infective endocarditis after dental extraction. Most likely organism causing this is: | [
"Streptococcus viridans",
"S.epidermidis",
"S.aureus",
"Pneumococci"
] | A | Following tooth extraction, Streptococcus viridans gets lodged into previously damaged valve. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hormone (s) that uses cAMP as Second Messenger System includes? | [
"Calcitonin",
"Angiotensin Converting enzyme",
"Prolactin",
"All of the above"
] | A | Ans. A. Calcitonin. (Ref. Guyton & Halls Textbook of Medical Physiology ll,h/pg. 913; Table 74-2)Some Hormones That Use the Adenylyl Cyclase-cAMP Second Messenger SystemSome Hormones That Use the Phospholipase C Second Messenger System# Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)# Angiotensin II (epithelial cells)# Angiotensin ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which muscles are known as 'Triceps surae'? | [
"Gastro-soleus",
"Popliteus",
"Extensor hallucis longus",
"Extensor digitorum longus"
] | A | TRICEPS SURAE:-Two heads of gastrocnemius + soleus ("three-headed of the calf") These muscles both inse into the calcaneus and form the major pa of the muscle of the posterior leg, ie calf muscle. GastrosoleusLarge size of gastrosoleus is a human character and is directly related to the adoption of an erect posture and... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mycosis fungoides affects - | [
"T Cells",
"B Cells",
"NK Cells",
"K Cells"
] | A | The histological hallmark of the mycosis fungoides is the presence of the Sezary-Lutzner cells. These are CD4 helper T cells. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 35-year-old woman with epigastric pain, which did not improve on ranitidine, is found to have a nonhealing pyloric channel ulcer on upper endoscopy. Her serum calcium level is 12 mg/dL. | [
"Watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria (WDHA) syndrome",
"Somatostatinoma",
"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1 (MEN)-1",
"MEN-2A"
] | C | MEN-1, or Werner's syndrome, and autosomal dominant disorder, involves tumors or hyperplasia of two or more glands, most commonly parathyroid, pancreas, and pituitary glands. Hyperparathyroidism is most common, followed by various pancreatic isle cell tumors and pituitary adenomas. MEN-2A (Sipple's syndrome) consist of... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Shape of septal cartilage of nose is | [
"Diamond shaped",
"Triangular",
"Quadrilateral",
"Pentagonal"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Quadrilateral * The septal cartilage of the nasal septum is a quadrilateral cartilage."Cartilage of the septum, also known as the quandragular cartilage because it is roughly quadrilateral in shape - separates the nostrils".Medial nasal wall or Nasal septum* Nasal septum is the osseo - cartilaginous p... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rao and Singh's index is? | [
"Age-dependent index",
"Age-independent index",
"Age and sex-dependent index",
"Independent of wt and ht"
] | B | RAO & SINGH'S INDEX: - It is calculated as Weight (in kg) x 100/height2 (in cm) - Normal value: 0.14 - In children with malnutrition: 0.12 - 0.14 | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are true regarding Grave's disease except: March 2008 | [
"Orbital proptosis",
"Presents as primary thyrotoxicosis",
"Anti-TPO antibodies",
"Pretibial myxoedema"
] | C | Ans. C: Anti-TPO antibodies | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following is good prognostic factor for bipolar disorder EXCEPT: | [
"Acute onset",
"Early age of onset",
"Early responsive treatment",
"Associated depression"
] | B | Ans. (b) Early age of onsetGood Prognostic FactorsPoor Prognostic Factors* Acute or abrupt onset* Typical clinical features* Severe depression* Well-adjusted premorbid personality* Good response to treatment* Co-morbid medical disorder, personality disorder or alcohol dependence* Double depression (acute depressive epi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Community health centre covers a population of | [
"20000",
"40000",
"60000",
"80000"
] | D | Community health centres were established by upgrading the primary health centres.Cover the population of 80000-1.2 lakh (one in each community development block) with 30beds and specialists in surgery, medicine, obstetrics and gynaecology and paediatrics.Park 23e pg: 907 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Blood supply of the uterus is by: | [
"Ovarian aery",
"Uetrine aery",
"Both",
"None of the above"
] | C | The uterus is chiefly supplied by the two uterine aeries and paly by ovarian aeries | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following molecules serve as the earliest marker in myocardial infarction | [
"Myoglobin",
"Troponin",
"HbA2",
"CK MB"
] | A | Myoglobin is found in cardiac and skeletal muscle. It is released more rapidly from infarcted myocardium than troponin and CK-MB and may be detected as early as two hours after an acute myocardial infarction. Ref: Biochemistry by U. Satyanarayana 3rd edition Pgno : 107-112 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sphenopalatine neuralgia is also known as: | [
"Lower half headache.",
"Sluder's headache.",
"Horton's syndrome.",
"All of the above."
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Scutum is present in middle ear ? | [
"Roof",
"Lateral wall",
"Medial wall",
"Floor"
] | B | Lateral wall | train | med_mcqa | null |
Positive End Expiratory Pressure is useful in: March 2009 | [
"Pneumonia",
"ARDS",
"Pulmonary edema",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans. D: All of the above Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is a term used in mechanical ventilation to denote the amount of pressure above atmospheric pressure present in the airway at the end of the expiratory cycle. It is indicated in Hypoxemia due to the following: ARDS Pneumonia Pulmonary edema Atelectasis | train | med_mcqa | null |
Paradoxical carriers are- | [
"A person who acquires the microorganism due to his contact with the patient.",
"A person who acquires the microorganism another carrier.",
"A person who is clinically recovered from an infectious disease but still capable of transmitting the infectious agent to others.",
"None"
] | B | Ans. B.A person who acquires the microorganism another carrier.Paradoxical carrier are defined as person who acquires the microorganism another carrier. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are features of chest radiography in Tetralogy of fallot except: September 2007 | [
"Boot shaped hea shadow",
"In 80% right sided arch of aoa",
"Oligemic lung fields",
"Right ventricular enlargement"
] | B | Ans. B: In 80% right sided arch of aoa Findings associated with TOF: Right ventricular predominance on palpation May have a bulging left hemithorax Systolic thrill at the lower left sternal border Aoic ejection click Single S2 - Pulmonic valve closure not heard Systolic ejection murmur More cyanotic patients have great... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following metabolic pathways does not generate ATP ? | [
"Glycolysis",
"TCA Cycle",
"Fatty Acid Oxidation",
"HMP Pathway"
] | D | The pentose phosphate pathway is an alternative route for the metabolism of glucose. It does not lead to formation of ATP but has two major functions:
The formation of NADPH for synthesis of fatty acids and steroids , and maintaining reduced glutathione for antioxidant activity, and
The synthesis of ri... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Safety pin appearance is shown by? | [
"Hemophilus ducreyi",
"Chlamydia",
"Donovani granulomatis",
"Mycoplasma"
] | A | Hemophilus ducreyi is a sho ovoid bacillus with a tendency to occur in the end to end pairs or sho chains. It is Gram-negative but may often appear Gram-positive and frequently shows Bipolar staining. The bacilli may be arranged in small groups or whole or in parallel chains giving a School of Fish or Railroad track ap... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Winging of scapula is due to injury to | [
"Long thoracic nerve",
"Sho thoracic nerve",
"Axillary nerve",
"Suprascapular nerve"
] | A | Winging of scapula is due to the injury to long thoracic nerve(C5, C6, and C7). Long thoracic nerve supplies the serratus anterior muscle and injury to this nerve causes the prominence of interior angle and medial border of scapula. The patient is unable to perform pushing action. B D Chaurasia 7th edition Page no: 12 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gemfibrozil is:- | [
"HMG CoA inhibitor",
"PPAR-a activator",
"Inhibit cholesterol synthesis",
"Inhibit cholesterol absorption"
] | B | Gemfibrozil: MOA: Activation of the nuclear transcription receptor "peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor alpha" (PPAR-a). Major effects are to increase plasma HDL and to decrease plasma TG. Myopathy risk highest when used with statins Statins: Inhibit HMG COA reductase Inhibit cholesterol synthesis. EZETIMIBE- ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In alpha-thalassemia trait, electrophoresis shows: | [
"Increased HbF & normal HbA2",
"Normal HbF & normal HbA2",
"Normal HbF & decreased HbA2",
"Decreased HbF & normal HbA2"
] | B | Electrophoresis is a screening test for hemoglobinopathies Normal individual Sickle cell anaemia a thalassemia b thalassemia HbA 95% Absent Less HbF 2% Present Normal Increased HbA2 3% Present Normal Increased Note: In sickle cell anemia absence of HbA means the disease severity is very high. But in sickle cell trait H... | train | med_mcqa | null |
S1 ejection click & severe pulmonary stenosis relation is- | [
"In severe pulmonary stenosis gap increases",
"In severe pulmonary stenosis gap reduces",
"In severe pulmonary'' stenosis no change",
"In severe pulmonary stenosis ejection click comes before"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., In severe pulmonary stenosis gap reduceso S1 occurs due to the closure of the A. V. valveEjection click occurs due to flow of blood through the pulmonary or the Aortic valve.The ejection of the blood does not begin immediately after the closure of A- V valve.The pulmonary valve opens when the right ve... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nasal triangle is - | [
"Includes vestibule of nose",
"From comers of mouth",
"Extends to the bridge of nose",
"All of the above"
] | D | (All of the above) (Internet)Kiesselbach's plexus, which lies in Kiesselbach's area, Kiesselbach's triangle, or Little's area, is a region in the anteroinferior part of the nasal septum where four arteries anastomose to form a vascular plexus of that name.The arteries are:* Anterior ethmoidal artery (from the ophthalmi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Non depolarizing neuromuscular blocker is | [
"Non competitive neuromuscular blocker",
"Reversed by neostigmine",
"Persistent stimulator of nicotinic cholinergic receptors",
"Induces fasciculations"
] | B | Non depolarising neuromuscular blocker is competitive antagonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptor. It doesn’t cause fasciculations . it is reversed by neostigmine. | train | med_mcqa | null |
PDS is absorbed within? | [
"7 days",
"21 days",
"100 days",
"180 days"
] | D | Polydioxanone (PDS): A synthetic smooth suture that is delayed absorbable, monofilament and lasts longer than dexon. It is absorbed in 6 months; other propeies are the same as dexon. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the blood cells secrete major basic protein? | [
"Neutrophil",
"Basophil",
"Platelet",
"Eosinophil"
] | D | Major basic protein is a 117 amino acid enzyme with potent activity against helminths, bacteria and mammalian cells. It is released by eosinophils. It is the enzyme associated with immune hypersensitivity reactions. It also stimulates the release of histamine from mast cells and basophils, activates neutrophils and alv... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following shall be seen with use of a small size BP cuff? | [
"False elevation of BP",
"Falsely low value of BP",
"Cancels the effect of calcified aeries",
"Increases trans-arm impedance"
] | A | False elevation of BP is seen with use of small cuff Blood Pressure Cuff size Bladder width >= 40% of mid-arm circumference. Bladder length 80-100% of arm circumference. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bullous impetigo is caused by: March 2013 | [
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Pseudomonas",
"Haemophilus influenzae",
"Clostridium perfringenes"
] | A | Ans. A i.e. Staphylococcus aureus Conditions caused by Staphylococcal aureus SSSS (Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome), Bullous impetigo/Impetigo contagiosa, Furuncles/ Boils, Sycosis barbae and Sycosis nuchae | train | med_mcqa | null |
Stellate ganglion is seen in- | [
"Cerebellum",
"Mid brain",
"Medulla oblongata",
"Near lower cervical spine"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Near lower cervical spine * The stellate ganglion (or cervicothoracic ganglion) is a sympathetic ganglion formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical ganglion and the first thoracic ganglion,* Stellate ganglion is located at the level of C7, anterior to the transverse process of C7 and the neck of t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Avascular necrosis of head of femur occurs commonly at: | [
"Transcervical region",
"Trochanteric region",
"Subcapital region",
"Subchondral region"
] | C | C i.e. Subcapital | train | med_mcqa | null |
A preterm baby suffered perinatal asphyxia and was found to have Periventricular leucomalacia on CNS imaging, as shown below:Which imaging modality was used? | [
"MRI brain",
"CECT head",
"SPECT brain",
"Transcranial ultrasound"
] | D | d. Transcranial ultrasoundThis picture shows Transcranial ultrasound of an infant done through the open anterior fontanelle.It shows the 2 lateral ventricles & areas of echogenicity near it, suggestive of PVL | train | med_mcqa | null |
Angiography of Choroidal melanoma shows | [
"Collar stud appearance",
"Mushroom shape appearance",
"Double circulation",
"None of the above"
] | C | Choroidal melanoma
B-scan ⇒ Collar stud appearance / Mushroom shape appearance
Angiography ⇒ Double circulation | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of Helicobacter pylori are EXCEPT | [
"Clarithromycin",
"Cisapride",
"Bismuth subsalicylate",
"Metronidazole"
] | B | (Cisapride) (1124-CMDT- 08) (949-H17th)Helicobacter pylori* Drug of choice - Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin + Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)* Alternative drugs - Bismuth subsalicylate + Tetracycline + metronidazole + PPI | train | med_mcqa | null |
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) which plays an impoant role in graft rejection is present on chromosome: | [
"Sho arm of chromosome 6",
"Long arm of chromosome 6",
"Sho arm of chromosome 3",
"Long arm of chromosome 3"
] | A | The genes for the HLA antigens are clustered in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), located on the sho arm of chromosome 6. Three of these genes (HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C) code for the class I MHC proteins. Several HLA-D loci determine the class II MHC proteins (i.e., DP, DQ, and DR). Ref: Levinson W. (2012). Ch... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 62-year-old man presents to the OPD for an annual physical examination. After noting a PSA level of 12.3 ng/dL, you refer him to an urologist for fuher workup. Following a prostatic biopsy, the results show the presence of adenocarcinoma of the prostate, which is given a Gleason score of 8. The Gleason score is a mea... | [
"The extent of cancer within the prostate gland",
"The extent of the cancer within the abdomen",
"The likelihood that the cancer will grow and spread",
"The number of cancer cells expressing prostate specific antigen (PSA) on their cell surface"
] | C | Gleason grading system: Developed to provide a measurement of the potential for prostate cancer to grow and spread Prostate biopsies involve sampling of tissue from several different areas of the gland (normally at least six). Two samples that appear to be most heavily involved, then histologically graded on a scale fr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 17-year-old boy comes to the physician for a routine examination. He reveals that he wants to kill his girlfriend because she cheated on him. He also states that he intends to buy a gun for personal protection. Who is the treating physician required to contact? | [
"Another physician who knows the girl",
"Another physician who knows the patient",
"Law enforcement authorities and/or the girl",
"Law enforcement authorities only"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about prions: | [
"Composed largely proteins without any nucleic acid",
"Phase in which virus cannot be demonstrated in host cell",
"Viruses which are genetically deficient",
"Viral components may be synthesized but maturation & assembling is defective."
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Guinea worm infestation is common in workers of | [
"Step wells",
"Ponds",
"Fields",
"Cotton mills"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best predictor for coronary aery disease - | [
"HDL",
"LDL",
"VLDL",
"Chylomicron"
] | B | LDL is the best indicater of the risk for CAD.high level of LDL is the indicater | train | med_mcqa | null |
Emergence or reemergence seen in which of the following organisms - | [
"Polio virus",
"Measles virus",
"Nipah virus",
"West Nile virus"
] | C | <p> Nipah virus is a new infectious disease recognised in 1999. Emerging infectious diseases are those whose incidence in humans has increased during the last two decades or which threaten to increase in the near future. Reference:Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,K.Park,23rd edition,page no:355-357. <... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is a causative organism for malignant ot externa | [
"Virus",
"Bacteria",
"Fungi",
"Protozoa"
] | B | Ans. (b) BacteriaRef: Dhingra's ENT 5th ed. 157-58* Malignant otitis externa is caused by pseudomonas infection in elderly, diabetics & patients on the immune- compromised drugs .* Early manifestation resembles diffuse otitis externa. Patients have severe pain & appearance of granulation in meatus.Infectious Etiology o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for bleeding oesophageal varices is: | [
"Ethanolamine oleate",
"Octreotide",
"Propranolol",
"Phytonadione"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
C-peptide occurs in: | [
"Proinsulin",
"Glucagon",
"Parathormone",
"Thyroxine"
] | A | Preproinsulin contains a signal peptide of 23-amino acid. The signal peptide is removed as it enters the endoplasmic reticulum. The remainder of the molecule is pro-insulin. This peptide contains A, B chains and the connecting peptide (C peptide). Separation of C peptide produces insulin. | train | med_mcqa | null |
To eradicate measles the percentage of population to be vaccinated is at least............% | [
"70",
"80",
"85",
"95"
] | D | 95 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rain drop pigmentation is seen in – | [
"Chronic lead poisoning",
"Chronic Arsenic poisoning",
"Chronic Mercury poisoning",
"All of the above"
] | B | Rain drop pigmentation is characteristic of chronic arsenic poisoning. | train | med_mcqa | null |
LDH 5 is seen in ? | [
"Kidney",
"Hea",
"Liver",
"Prostate"
] | C | LDH is an enzyme present in the cytoplasm of cells. LDH is present in the hea, liver, RBCs, kidney, skeletal muscles, lung and brain. When there is an injury to the cells LDH spells into the bloodstream. Five isoenzymes make the total LDH. These are; LDH 1 is present in the cardiac muscle and RBCs. LDH 2 is present in ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Internal thoracic aery is a branch of ? | [
"Common carotid aery",
"Brachiocephalic trunk",
"Subclan aery",
"External carotic aery"
] | C | Internal thoracic aeryIt arises from Ist pa of subclan aery and descends through anterior ends of upper six intercostal spaces lying 1.25 cm lateral to sternal margin.It divides into two terminal branches, musculophrenic and superior epigastric in 6th intercostal space.Branches of internal thoracic aery are (i) mediast... | train | med_mcqa | null |
FEVI/FVC is decrease in: | [
"Asthma",
"Kyphosis",
"Scoliosis",
"Fibrosis"
] | A | Answer is A (Asthma): Decreased FEV1/FVC suggests a diagnosis of Obstructive Lung Disease. Amongst the options provided Asthma is the only condition that leads to Obstructive Pattern of Lung Disease and hence is the answer of choice Kyphosis, Scoliosis and Fibrosis are Restrictive Lung Diseases that are characterized b... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Intercostobrachial nerve is a branch of - | [
"1st intercostal nerve",
"2nd intercostal nerve",
"3rd intercostal nerve",
"Upper trunk of brachial plexus"
] | B | Intercostobrachial nerve
- Lateral cutaneous branch of 2nd intercostal nerve
- Supplies
Skin of floor of axilla.
Upper part of medial aspect of arm. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Russel bodies are - | [
"Intracellular accumulation of protein",
"Homogenous eosinophilic deposits",
"Seen in multiple myeloma",
"All of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
An infectious disease shows iceberg phenomenon. That means it has ? | [
"More case fatality rate",
"More SAR",
"More subclinical cases",
"More complications"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., More subclinical cases Iceberg of disease Disease in a community may be compared with an iceberg. The floating tip of the iceberg represents what the physian sees in the community, i.e. clinical cases (Diagnosed case, symptomatic case or clinically apparent case). The vast submerged poion of the icebe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following is best associated with Lumefantrine ? | [
"Antimycobacterial",
"Antifungal",
"Antimalarial",
"Antiamoebic"
] | C | Lumefantrine is a fluorene arylaminoalcohol derivative, it has marked blood schizonticidal activity against a wide range of plasmodia. So it is used as an antimalarial drug. It exes its antimalarial effect by interacting with heme, a degradation product of hemoglobin metabolism. Ref: Malaria Control in Complex Emergenc... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lower 1/3 of vagina is formed by | [
"Mesonephric duct",
"Paramesonephric duct",
"Sinovaginal bulb",
"Mesoderm of mullerian duct"
] | C | Lower 2/3rd of vagina formed from sinovaginal bulb which comes from endoderm of urogenital sinus. Upper 1/3rd of vagina is derived from fused paramesonephric duct. Mesonephric duct forms the collecting pa or ductular pa of male reproductive system. Mesoderm of Mullerian duct is basically paramesonephric duct. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Banding technique used for studying translocations involving centromere is | [
"Q banding",
"G banding",
"R banding",
"C banding"
] | D | M/c used for cytogenetic analysis - G banding.
For studying translocations involving centromere - C banding. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Deepest layer of the scalp is - | [
"Superficial fascia",
"Pericranium",
"Falea Aponeurotica",
"Occipitofrontalis"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pericranium * The scalp is soft tissue which covers the calvaria of skull. It consists of five layers and can be memorised by a mnemonic using the initial letters of the word. SCALP :-a) Skinb) Close network of connective tissue (superficial fascia)c) Aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica) with occipitofron... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a step in the ‘three step build up’ of direct filling gold? | [
"Tie formation",
"Stepping",
"Shoulder formation",
"Banking of walls"
] | B | A. Three step build-up for the restoration
“Tie formation”
This involves connecting two opposing point angles or starting points filled with gold with a transverse bar of gold. Such a “tie” forms the foundation for any restoration in direct gold. Of course, its resistance to displacement should be tested before proce... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common presenting finding of multiple sclerosis is - | [
"Intranuclear ophthalmoplegia",
"Optic neuritis",
"Transverse myelitis",
"Cerebellar ataxia"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Commonest type of Anal canal Ca is - | [
"Sq. cell Ca",
"Adeno Ca",
"Adenoacanthoma",
"Papillary type"
] | A | Mainly 3 types of malignant neoplasm are seen in anal canal
Squamous cell Ca (MC)
Basal cell Ca (IInd mc)
Melanoma
Remember
MC type of rectal & colon Ca → Adenocarcinoma*. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In parathyroid crisis with sudden elevations of calcium over 16 mg /dl ; the treatment consist of -a) Intravenous vitamin Db) Parathyroidectomy for removal of adenomac) Thyrocalcitonind) Intravenous bicarbonatee) All of the above | [
"bc",
"c",
"ac",
"ad"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Government (public) expenditure on health as percentage of GDP is | [
"1.2",
"12",
"0.12",
"5"
] | D | Current India’s public health expenditure on health is 3.9% of GDP | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 54-year-old female is admitted to the hospital with a stab wound of the thoracic wall in the area of the right fourth costal cartilage. Which of the following pulmonary structures is present at this site? | [
"The horizontal fissure of the left lung",
"The horizontal fissure of the right lung",
"The oblique fissure of the left lung",
"The apex of the right lung"
] | B | The horizontal fissure of the right lung is a fissure separating the superior lobe from the middle lobe. It usually extends medially from the oblique fissure at the midaxillary line to the sternum, along the lower border of the fourth rib. The apex of the right lung reaches to a level above the clavicle and is therefor... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following is a muscle splitting incision: September 2012 | [
"Kocher's",
"Rutherford-Morris",
"Pfannensteil",
"Lanz"
] | D | Ans. D i.e. Lanz | train | med_mcqa | null |
Proinflammatory cytokines include all of the following except | [
"IL1",
"IL10",
"IL6",
"TNF alpha"
] | B | ref Robbins 8/e p56 ; cytokines and pain p3,9/e p86 the following are anti inflammatory cytokines-IL10,TGF-beta,IL _13 An inflammatory cytokine or proinflammatory cytokine is a type of signaling molecule (a cytokine) that is excreted from immune cells like helper T cells(Th) and macrophages, and ceain other cell types ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Normal Respiratory quotient- | [
"0.5",
"0.8",
"1",
"1.5"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 0.8 Respiratory quotient* For working out the energy balance, it is important to estimate the energy expenditure of the body under various conditions. A convenient way of estimating is respiratory quotient (RQ). RQ is the ratio of the amount of CO2 released to the amount of O2 consumed. 200 ml of CO2 ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following anti glaucoma drug increases uveoscleral outflow – | [
"Latanoprost",
"Timolol",
"Pilocarpine",
"Acetazolamide"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gestational diabetes develops only during | [
"Old age",
"Younger age",
"Pregnancy",
"Infancy"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gonococcus affects tubes mainly by _________ | [
"Hematogeous spread",
"Lymphatic spread",
"Parametrium spread",
"None of the above"
] | D | Gonococcus ascends up to the tube mainly mucosal continuity and contiguity, which is facilitated by sexually transmitted vectors such as sperms and Trichomonas. The mucous membrane is first affected and it is edematous, infiltrated with leucocytes and plasma cells. Another route is through reflux of mucosal blood. Myco... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following statements are true regarding reversible cell injury, except | [
"Formation of amorphous densities in the mitochondrial matrix",
"Diminished generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).",
"Formation of blebs in the plasma membrane.",
"Detachment of ribosomes from the granular endoplasmic reticulum."
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 41 year old male complains of pain in lower right back tooth region. Intraoral examination reveals deep caries in relation to 47 and IOPA examination reveals deep dentinal caries not involving the pulp. Dentist excavates the caries and restored it with zinc oxide eugenol. Which of the following substance can be used ... | [
"Essential oil",
"White rosin",
"Clove oil",
"Oil of orange"
] | D | MANIPULATION
Powder/liquid system:
Powder/liquid ratio - 4:1 to 6:1 by weight.
The bottles are shaken gently. Measured quantity of powder and liquid is dispensed onto a cool glass slab. The bulk of the powder is incorporated into the liquid and spatulated thoroughly in a circular motion with a stiff bladed stainless s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 45-year-old male presents with weight loss, steatorrhea, and malabsorption. A CT scan of the abdomen reveals a questionable mass in the head of the pancreas. A biopsy specimen microscopically reveals chronic inflammation and atrophy of the pancreatic acini with marked fibrosis. No malignancy is identified. What is th... | [
"Abdominal trauma",
"Chronic alcoholism",
"Gallstones",
"Hyperlipidemia"
] | B | Chronic pancreatitis is characterized histologically by chronic inflammation and irregular fibrosis of the pancreas. The major cause of chronic pancreatitis in adults is chronic alcoholism, while in children the major cause is cystic fibrosis. Recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis also result in the changes of chroni... | train | med_mcqa | null |
DOC for lithium induced Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus | [
"Spiranolactone",
"Furosemide",
"Amiloride",
"None of the above"
] | C | AMILORIDE Mechanism of action:- The luminal membrane of late DT and CD cells expresses a distinct 'renal epithelial' or 'amiloride sensitive' Na+ channel through which Na+ enters the cell down its electrochemical gradient which is generated by Na+K+ ATPase operating at the basolateral membrane. This Na+ entry paially d... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nasal mucosa is supplied by: | [
"only external carotid aery",
"Only internal carotid aery",
"Mainly external carotid aery",
"Mainly internal carotid aery"
] | C | Both the internal and external carotid aery supply the nose but main aery is the external carotid aery. Ref.Dhingra5/e p 189 | train | med_mcqa | null |
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