question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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Which of the enzyme of glycolysis is used ingluconeogenesis ? | [
"Glucokinase",
"PFK",
"Pyruvate kinase",
"Phosphotriose isomerase"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Phosphotriose isomerase Enzyme in gluconeogenesis Seven of the reactions of glycolysis are reversible and are used in the synthesis of glucose by gluconeogenesis. Thus, seven enzymes are common to both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis: (i) Phosphohexose isomerase; (ii) Aldolase; (iii) Phosphotriose isom... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In HLA system, the cluster of genes are located in | [
"Chromosome 6",
"Chromosome 21",
"X-Chromosome",
"Y-chromosome"
] | A | (Chromosome 6) (133-A)* Major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) also known as the HLA system (after human leucocyte antigen)This is a cluster of gene on chromosomes 6 that is responsible for immunological specificity* The proteins for which they code are attached to cell surfaces and act as "chaperones" for foreign an... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following nutritional assessment methods indicate inadequate nutrition, except: | [
"Hb < 11.5 g/dl during 3rd trimester of pregnancy",
"Increased 1-4 year moality rate",
"Bih weight < 2500 gm",
"Decreased weight for height"
] | A | Hemoglobin Ref: CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and Treatment, 2008, Page 677; Essential Pediatrics By O P Ghai, 6th Edition, Page 101; Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, 18th Edition, Page 228; Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 19th Edition, Pages 515-518 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Measles epidemic can be anticipated when proportion of suceptible children in a community | [
"20%",
"40%",
"60%",
"80%"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anthracosis is caused by - | [
"Silica",
"Iron",
"Coal dust",
"Cotton dust"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Coal dust * Anthracosis- Coal dust* Silicosis- Silica* Siderosis- Iron* Byssinosis- Cotton dust (textile industry)* Farmer's lung- Hay or grain dust (micropolyspora faeni)* Sequousis- Moldy red wood saw dust* Suberosis- Moldy cork dust* Detergent workers lung- Enzyme additives* Baggassosis- Sugarcane ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statements is false about Acyclovir- | [
"It inhibits DNA synthesis and viral replication",
"It is effective against influenza",
"It has low toxicity for host cells",
"Renal impairment necessitates dose reduction"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., It is effective against influenza Acyclovir o It is a deoxygunosine analogue - inhibits DNA synthesis by ? Inhibits herpes virus DNA polymerase competitively. Gets incorporated in viral DNA and stops lengthening of DNA strand. The terminated DNA inhibits DNA polymerase irreversibly. o It is preferenti... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A primigravida at 36 weeks of gestation repoed with central placenta pre with heavy bleeding per vaginum. The fetal hea sound is normal. The best management is :- | [
"Expectant management",
"Cesarean section",
"Induction & vaginal delivery",
"Steroids and wait 2 days prior to caesarean"
] | B | The best management in this case is Immediate C-section as patient is bleeding heavily. POG of 36 weeks indicates lungs maturity so no need to give steroids. Any delay in management would lead to haemmorhagic shock worsening maternal-fetal prognosis | train | med_mcqa | null |
Helitrope rash is seen in ? | [
"Psoriasis",
"Dermatomyositis",
"DLE",
"Pemphigus"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Dermatomyositis Cutaneous signs of dermatomyosits Gottron's papules: - lilac or violaceous papules on knuckle, dorsa of hands. Gottron's sign : - Violaceous erythema with edema over shoulder, arms, forearms. Heliotrope sign : - Violaceous erythema with edema over eyelids, periorbital region. Poikilode... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the most common cause of meningoencephalitis in children – | [
"Mumps",
"Arbovirus",
"HSV",
"Enterovirus"
] | D | "Enteroviruses are the most common cause of meningoencephalitis" | train | med_mcqa | null |
The ECG in hyperkalemia classically shows:September 2009, 2010 | [
"Increase QRS duration",
"Shoened PR interval",
"Prominent U waves",
"Increased R wave amplitude"
] | A | Ans. A: Increase QRS duration | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is the level of alcohol in blood beyond which person is condidered intoxicated ? | [
"40 mg%",
"80 mg%",
"120 mg%",
"140 mg%"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 140 mg% All individuals with a blood alcohol level of 140 mg% are considered intoxicated to the point where they cannot deal with unusual, emergency or non - customary problems. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Neurophysiological defects due to damage of left hemisphere in left handed person includes | [
"Agraphia",
"Dyscalculia",
"Astereognosis",
"Anosognosia"
] | B | In left handed person, left hemisphere is the dominant or categorial hemisphere.
It damage leads to dyscalculia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following Complication is possible following excision of the Head of the Radius in children? | [
"Ulnar Nerve",
"Inferior Radio Ulnar joint instability",
"Posterior dislocation of the elbow",
"Carpal tunnel syndrome"
] | B | Inferior Radio-Ulnar joint instability Excision of the head of the radius in children results in proximal migration of the radius resulting in subluxation of the inferior radio ulnar joint and instability. ref : maheswari 9th ed | train | med_mcqa | null |
Magnesium deficiency is cause by- | [
"Prolonged aificial ventilation",
"Small bowel resection",
"Renal disease",
"Liver cirrhosis"
] | B | Excessive losses INADEQUATE INTAKE Starvation Malnutrition (esp. alcoholism) Parenteral alimentation GI- Prolonged vomiting/nasogastric aspiration Chronic diarrhoea/laxative abuse Malabsorption Small bowel bypass surgery Fistulae URINARY- Diuretic therapy (loop, thiazide) Alcohol Tubulotoxic drugs (gentamicin, cisplati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 50year old male presents with pain upper abdomen, Pruritus, jaundice and weight loss, elevated ANA, the likely diagnosis is | [
"Primary sclerosing cholangitis",
"Klatskin tumor",
"Secondary sclerosing cholangitis",
"Choledocholithiasis"
] | A | Clinical features More common in males, mean age at presentation is 40-45 years. About 75% of patients are symptomatic at presentation with evidence of cholestatic liver disease such as jaundice, Pruritus and fatigue Symptoms of bacterial cholangitis are uncommon. Condition is characterized by relapses & remissions wit... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ectopic rest of normal tissue is known as- | [
"Choristoma",
"Hamaoma",
"Pseudotumor",
"Lymphoma"
] | A | Choristomas, forms of heterotopia, are closely related benign tumors, found in abnormal locations. The two can be differentiated as follows: a hamaoma is an excess of normal tissue in a normal situation (e.g. a bihmark on the skin), while a choristoma is an excess of tissue in an abnormal situation (e.g. pancreatic tis... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following produces pre-malignant lesions - | [
"Psoriasis",
"Erythema multiforme",
"Lichen planus",
"All of the above"
] | C | Ans is 'c' i.e. Lichen planus "Oral LP, particularly the erosive (ulcerative variant) is prone to develop SCC, the frequency being 0.8%. Long standing disease and concurrent use of tobacco are the risk factors for malignant transformation. Tongue is the most common site for malignancy, followed by buccal mucosa." - IAD... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 30-year-old male, Rajinder presents to OPD your office with fatigue, muscle weakness and headache. His blood pressure is 170/120 mm Hg and his hea rate is 100/min. Laboratory evaluation reveals hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and decreased plasma renin activity. On CT scan, a mass was noted on left suprarenal gland.... | [
"Clonidine",
"Propanolol",
"Hydrochlorothiazide",
"Spironolactone"
] | D | (Ref: KK Sharma 2/e p233) Mosty likely diagnosis in this patient is aldosterone secreting tumor (adenoma) leading to primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn's Syndrome). Aldosterone excess will cause hypeension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and depressed renin. Aldosterone antagonists such as spironolactone or eplerenone ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Target strategies in preventing the HIV transmission include all the following except | [
"Education",
"Treatment of STD",
"Anti-retroviral treatment",
"Condoms"
] | C | Services offered through targeted interventions include : - Detection and treatment of STDs Condom distribution and condom promotion through social marketing Behavioural change communication Creating an enabling environment with community involvement and paicipation Linkage to integrated counselling and testing centres... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mark the FASLE statement related to tracheostomy | [
"Only indication for high tracheostomy is laryngeal carcinoma",
"Pneumothorax is complication of mid and low tracheostomy",
"In Vocal cord palsy and subglottic stenosis mid tracheostomy is planned",
"Most commonly performed tracheostomy is low-tracheostomy"
] | D | TYPE SITE INDICATION COMPLICATIONS High tracheostomy Above level of thyroid Isthmus (Between I & II tracheal Ring) Carcinoma larynx Perichondritis of cricoid cailage and subglottic stenosis Mid tracheostomy Through II or III ring, at level of thyroid Isthmus Elective indication Less chance of perichondritis, stenosis &... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Emperical use of intravenous amphotericin is indicated in ? | [
"Candida",
"Blastomycosis",
"Non-responding febrile neutropenia",
"Larva migrans"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Non-responding febrile neutropenia Empirical use of i. v. AMB is often made in neutropenic patients whose fever is not responding to i. v. bactericidal antibiotics. Uses ? It is D.O.C. for Cryptococcosis - used along with Flucytosine Aspergillosis Mucormycosis | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not true regarding fungal corneal ulcer: March 2009 | [
"Convex hypopyon",
"Commonly perforates",
"Hyphate margins",
"Satellite lesions are seen"
] | B | Ans. B: Commonly perforates Causative fungi: Filamentry fungi - include- Aspergillus, fusarium, cephalosphorium, curvuluria, penicillium. Yeast - Candida, Cryptococcus Mode of infection: Injury by vegetative materials (Common sufferers are field workers specially in harvesting season) Injury by animal tail Secondary fu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about long flexor tendons except: | [
"Flexor digitorum profundus is inserted to distal phalanx base",
"Flexor digitorum superficialis attached to the sides of middle phalanx",
"Damage to tendons involves formation of tenoma during repair",
"Good results if tendon sheath is damaged"
] | D | D | train | med_mcqa | null |
Molecular change in Lysosomal storage disorder is: | [
"Defective fusion of lysosomes and phagosomes",
"Increased synthesis of some substrates",
"Mutation of genes encoding lysosomal hydrolases",
"Membrane defect of lysosomes"
] | C | C i.e. Mutation of genes encoding lysosomal hydrolasesLysosomal storage diseases (LSD) are caused by mutations in genes encoding lysosomal hydrolasesQ responsible for breaking down of macromolecules, which results in accumulation of corresponsing substrate (macromolecule). ISDs are classified on the basis of accumulate... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anticholinesterases with effect on CNS is | [
"Neostigmine",
"Pyridostigmine",
"Physostigmine",
"Edrophonium"
] | C | Refer kDT 6/e p 101 Because it enhances the transmission of acetylcholine signals in the brain and cancross the blood-brain barrier,physostigmine salicylate is used to treat anticholinergic poisoning (that is, poisoning by substances that interfere with the transmission of acetylcholine signaling, such as atropine, sco... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In lesion of the right hypoglossal nucleus, the tip of the tonge on protrusion turns to: | [
"Left side because of paralysis of left side tongue mscles",
"Right side because of paralysis of right side tongue mscles",
"Right side because of the unopposed action of left geniglossus muscle",
"Left side because of the unopposed action of left geniglossus muscle"
] | C | Lesion of hypoglossal nucleus: Lesion of the hypoglossal nucleus, there is ATROPHY of the muscles of the IPSILATERAL one-half of the tongue. This is a lower motor neuron lesion. Upon closer examination, FASCICULATIONS (tiny, spontaneous contractions) can be seen. Both fasciculations and atrophy result from the loss of ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a inset repellent | [
"Allethrin",
"Neem oil",
"Garlic",
"None of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Echolalia is a recognised feature of : | [
"Catatonic schizophrenia",
"Anorexia nervosa",
"Alzheimer's disease",
"All"
] | A | A. i.e. Catatonic schizophrenia | train | med_mcqa | null |
Area of fundus seen with direct ophthalmoscope | [
"1 DD",
"2 DD",
"3 DD",
"4 DD"
] | B | Ans. 2 DD | train | med_mcqa | null |
Id reaction is associated with | [
"apthous ulcer",
"herpetic stomatitis",
"syphilis",
"candidiasis"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about endemic typhus | [
"Man is the only reservoir of infection",
"Flea is a vector of disease",
"A rash developing into an eschar is characteristics of the disease",
"Culture is diagnostic"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true regarding Acute flaccid paralysis in National polio Eradication Programme- EXCEPT | [
"Acute flaccid paralysis in a child <15 years of age",
"All cases of AFP should be reported irrespective of diagnosis within 6 months of onset stool",
"| Two specimens collected within 14 days of paralysis onset and at least 24 hours apart",
"30 days follow up examination"
] | D | (30 days follow up examination) (182-Park 20th)60- days Follow Up Examination - is done between 60th and 90th day in certain categories of AFP cases to determine the presence /absence of residual paralysis. The presence of residual paralysis at this time is further evidence that the cause of paralysis is likely to be d... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An example of "autoreceptors" in the CNS is: | [
"NMDA receptors for",
"Nicotinic receptors for acetyl chlorine",
"Alpha2 receptors for NE",
"GABA-C receptors in retina"
] | C | Autoreceptor is a presynaptic receptor; binding of the NT with autoreceptor inhibits fuher secretion of the transmitter. a2-receptor for NE is an example of autoreceptor. NMDA receptor for glutamate is a voltage + ligand gated channel. Nicotinic AChR is a non-specific cation channel. GABA-C receptors are found exclusiv... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Floor of middle ear cavity is in relation with: | [
"Internal carotid artery",
"Bulb of the internal jugular vein",
"Sigmoid sinus",
"Round window"
] | B | (b) Bulb of the internal jugular vein(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 1983)The floor of middle ear cavity is a thin plate of bone separating the middle ear from jugular bulb below.Internal carotid artery is in relation to the anterior wall of middle ear.Sigmoid sinus is not related directly with middle ear cavity. It lies post... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a young female of reproductive age with regular menstrual cycles of 28 days, ovulation occurs around 14th day of periods. When is the first polar body extruded ? | [
"24 hrs prior to ovulation",
"Accompanied by ovulation",
"48 hrs after the ovulation",
"At the time of fertilization"
] | B | Most of the standard text books say the first polar body is expelled just before or shortly before ovulation.
Which does not mean that it is released 24 hours before ovulation.
While still in the ovary the ovum is in the primary oocyte stage. Shortly before it is released from ovaria follicle (i.e. shortly before ovula... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about endometriosis is/are | [
"Endometrial sarcoma is most common",
"Premenstrual spotting absent",
"Most common in 3rd or 4th decade",
"True cyst"
] | C | Most common age group is between 30-45years
Abnormal menstruation seen in 20%
Menorrhagia is seen
If the ovaries are also involved polymenorrhea, epimenorrhagia may be pronounced
Maybe premenstrual spotting seen
Malignancy is rare, commonest being adenocarcinoma | train | med_mcqa | null |
Congenital syphilis can be diagnosed by: | [
"IgM FTA BS",
"IgG FTA ABS",
"VDRL",
"TPI"
] | A | Ans. (a) IgM FTAbs "Newborn infant of mother with reactive VDRL or FTA-ABS shows (+) yetest irrespective of infection because of trans-placental transfer of maternal IgG antibody." As IgM antibody don't cross placenta, neonatal IgM antibody can be detected in cord or neonatal serum with the syphilis capita M or 195 IgM... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gene involved in rett syndrome | [
"P53",
"MECP2",
"RB",
"BRCA"
] | B | Rett syndrome (T), originally termed cerebroatrophic hyperammonemia, is a rare genetic postnatal neurological disorder of the grey matter of the brain that almost exclusively affects females but has also been found in male patients. The clinical features include small hands and feet and a deceleration of the rate of he... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are alkylating agents except: | [
"Cyclophosphamide",
"Lomustine",
"Busulfan",
"Zalcitabine"
] | D | ANTICANCER DRUGS: CLASSI FICATION A. Drugs acting directly on cells (Cytotoxic drugs) 1. Alkylating agents Nitrogen mustards: Mechlorethamine (Mustine HCl) Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide, Chlorambucil, Melphalan Ethylenimine : Thio-TEPA Alkyl sulfonate : Busulfan Nitrosoureas :Carmustine (BCNU), Lomustine (CCNU) Triazine... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The quantity of hormone released by Progestase per day is? | [
"25 ug",
"45 ug",
"65 ug",
"85 ug"
] | C | Progestase is a commonly used IUCD which carries 38 mg of progesterone in silicone oil reservoir. It releases 65 ug of hormone per day. It acts by forming a thick plug of mucus at the cervical os which prevents penetration by the sperm. Ref: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 18th edition, p227. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Modified nucleotide is seen in ? | [
"tRNA",
"rRNA",
"hnRNA",
"mRNA"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., tRNAA modified base is one that has been modified after nucleic acid chain has been formed. These bases are modified by methylation, reduction, acetylation or glycosylation.In t-RNA there are many modified bases, e.g. dihydrouridine, ribothymidine, pseudouridine, and 7-methylguanosine.In DNA, the most... | train | med_mcqa | null |
F factor integrates with bacterial chromosome to form - | [
"HFr",
"F+r",
"F-",
"F"
] | A | Factor: The F factor is the transfer factor that contains the genetic information necessary for the synthesis of sex pilus and for self-transfer but is devoid of other identifiable genetic markers such as drug resistance. Cells carrying the F factor have no distinguishing feature other than their ability to mate with F... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following test is used for the diagnosis of Giardia lamlia infection? | [
"Enterotest",
"Casoni's test",
"Parasite F test",
"Napier's test"
] | A | Enterotest In this test patient is asked to swallow a gelatin capsule which contains a nylon thread at one end.The free end of the nylon thread is attached to the cheek of the patient.The capsule passes through the stomach to the duodenum.In the stomach ,the capsule is dissolved and thread remains in the duodenum and j... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is difficult to visualize or examine on Indirect laryngoscopy | [
"True vocal cord",
"Anterior commissure",
"Epiglottis",
"False vocal cord"
] | B | Structures seen in Indirect Laryngoscopy: Ref- Dhingra 6th edition, page 384. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The milestones achieved at 13 months in children are all except - | [
"Index finger approach",
"Walking",
"Casting",
"Single words"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Casting | train | med_mcqa | null |
AVN is seen in: | [
"Navicular fracture",
"Talus fracture",
"Calcaneal fracture",
"Cuboid fracture"
] | B | Ans. B i.e. Talus fracture Fracture through neck of femur, neck of talus and waist of Scapho d can lead to AVN | train | med_mcqa | null |
A child with increased conjugated bilirubin develops seizures and cataract the probable diagnosis is – | [
"Tyrosenemia",
"Fructosemia",
"Galactosemia",
"Glycogen storage disorder"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Selective pressure impression technique indicated in | [
"Firm healthy mucosa covering over the ridge",
"Flabby ridges",
"Knife edge with movable mucosa",
"When sharp bony spicules are present in the ridge"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The condylar guidance of an articulator is dependent on: | [
"The depth of the glenoid fossa",
"The vertical overlap of the incisors",
"The cuspal inclines",
"The inclination of the articular eminence"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are common features of haemorrhoids except: March 2012 | [
"Pain",
"Anal irritation",
"Prolapse",
"Bleeding"
] | A | Ans: A i.e. Pain Manifestations of haemorrhoids Pain is not commonly associated with the bleeding & its presence should make the clinician ale to the,possibility of another diagnosis; however pain may result from congestion of pile masses belc4 a hypeonic sphincter In addition to the main symptoms of pain & prolapsed, ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cold abscess is related to | [
"Periapical pathology",
"Mycobacterium tuberculosis",
"Streptococcus viridans",
"None of the above"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The triad of DM, gall stones and steatorrhoea associated with which one of the fo "J'" tumours? | [
"Gastrinomas",
"Somatostatinom",
"Vipomas",
"Glucagonomas"
] | B | Somatostatinoma is a tumor of the delta cells of the endocrine pancreas that produces somatostatin. Increased levels of somatostatin inhibit pancreatic hormones and gastrointestinal hormones. Thus somatostatinomas are associated with mild diabetes mellitus (due to inhibition of insulin release), steatorrhoea and gallst... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis include- | [
"Gold",
"Corticosteroids",
"Aspirin",
"All"
] | D | NSAIDS: - Aspirin - Coxibs
DMARD - Methotrexate (Best DMARD) - Gold - D- Penicillamine - Antimalarials - Sulfasalazine - Leflunamide (Inhibits T cell proliferation) - Glucocorticoid
Anticytokines - Etanercept (TNF Type II receptor blocker) - Infliximab (Monoclonal ab to TNF) - Adalimumab (Fully human abs to TNF) - Anak... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Purpose of sentinel surveillance is | [
"To know total number of cases",
"Health planning",
"Prevention of disease",
"To know natural history of disease"
] | A | A method for identifying the missing cases and there by supplementing the notified cases is required. This is known as sentinel surveillance. The sentinel data is extrapolated to entire population to estimate the disease prevalence in entire population | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which among the following is/are example of Serial extraction: | [
"Dewel's method.",
"Tweed's method.",
"Nance method.",
"All of the above."
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hemophia A due to deficiency of ? | [
"Factor VIII",
"Factor IX",
"Factor X",
"Factor XI"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Factor VIII Hemophila A :? Hemophilia A is due to deficiency of factor VIII. Hemophilia A is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait. Factor VIII is an intrinsic pathway component required for activation of factor X. Clinical manifestations are due to defect in coagulation system :- Large post trauma... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is true regarding anthrax | [
"M' Fadyean reaction shows capsule",
"Human are usually resistant to infection",
"Less than 100 spores can cause pulmonary infection",
"Gram stain shows organism with bulging spores"
] | A | M' Fadyean's reaction: When blood films containing anthrax bacilli are stained with polychrome methylene blue for a few seconds and examined under a Microscope, amorphous purplish material is noticed around the bacilli. This represents the capsular material and is characteristic of the anthrax bacilli. Reference: Textb... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Edmund Locard is known for his - | [
"System of personal identification using the body measurement",
"Finger print study",
"Formula for estimation of stature",
"Theory of exchange"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Plantar flexion is brought about by which of these muscles - | [
"Plantaris",
"Tibialis posterior",
"Soleus",
"All the above"
] | D | Plantar flexion is brought about muscles of calf Muscle of calf Nerve supply Function Gastrocnemius Tibial nerve Plantar flexion Soleus Plantar flexion Plantaris Functional impoance is transplantation. Tibialis posterior Plantar flexion, inversion of foot Flexor digitorum longus Flexion of phalanges, plantar flexion Fl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient present to emergency with pinpoint Pupil,salivation, lacrimation, tremors and red tears. Plasma chlolinesterase level was 30% of normal. Most probable diagnosis is | [
"Organophosphate poisoning",
"Datura poisoning",
"Opioid poisoning",
"Pontine hemorrhage"
] | A | These are characteristic features of anti-cholinestearse(organophosphate and carbamate) poisoning. Features of Organophosphate poisoning: Muscarinic symptoms: Pin point pupil, salivation,lacrimation, urination, defecation, gastrointestinal distress, vomiting, bronchospasm, bradycardia Nicotinic symptoms: Fasciculations... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which finding would be present following selective destruction of sertoli cells? | [
"Increased plasma testosterone levels",
"Increased plasma inhibin levels",
"Increased plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) levels",
"Increased plasma follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels"
] | D | Sertoli cells are stimulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to secrete the hormone inhibin. Inhibin is a polypeptide hormone with a structure that is similar to that of insulin (i.e., an A chain and a B chain connected by two disulfide bonds). Its physiologic function is to selectively suppress pituitaty releas... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Phosphorylase b is maintained in an inactivated state by | [
"ATP",
"cAMP",
"Calcium",
"Insulin"
] | D | Question is repeasted | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is most common side effect of inhaled beclometh- asone dipropionate: | [
"Pneumonia",
"Oropharyngeal candidiasis",
"Atrophic rhinitis",
"Pituitary adrenal suppression"
] | B | Ans. (b) Oropharyngeal candidiasis* Most of the side effects of steroids are mainly hoarseness, orophyrangeal candidiasis, decreased growth in children with adrenal suppression.* The plausible explanation is that since these drugs are inhaled, they avoid the first pass metabolism that orally administered steroids under... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most faceted gallstones are formed in the | [
"Liver",
"Gall bladder",
"Common in bile duct",
"Spiral valves of Heister"
] | B | (B) Gall bladder # Pigment stones are seen in patients with haemolysis in which bilirubin production is increased.> Examples are hereditary spherocytosis, sickle cell anaemia, thalassaemia, malaria and mechanical destruction of red cells by prosthetic heart valves.> Pigment stones are found in the ducts of patients wit... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The presentation of Asherman syndrome typically involves: | [
"Hypomenorrhea",
"Oligomenorrhea",
"Menorrhagia",
"Metrorrhagia"
] | A | A: hypomenorrhea | train | med_mcqa | null |
PDA true is all except - | [
"More common in preterm baby",
"Left to right shunt",
"Acyanotic congenital heart disease",
"More common in term baby"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., More common in term baby o During fetal life, most of the pulmonary arterial blood is shunted through the ductus arteriosus into the aorta .o Functional closure of the ductus normally occurs soon after birth, but if the ductus remains patent when pulmonaiy vascular resistance falls, aortic blood is sh... | train | med_mcqa | null |
M.C. complication of mumps in children is | [
"Aseptic meningitis",
"Pancreatitis",
"Pneumonia",
"Encephalitis"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Under HBNC, remuneration not given to ASHA for: | [
"Institutional delivery",
"Registration of birth",
"Giving first dose of OPV and DPT",
"Measuring birth weight of neonates"
] | D | Ans. d. Measuring birth weight of neonates (Ref: Park 23/e p449, 20/e p822, 385, 379-380)ASHA doesn't receive financial remuneration for measuring the birth weight of neonates.Under HBNC, the ASHA will be paid Rs 250/- for the care of the mother and the new born.She will be conducting:Six visits in case of institutiona... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Investigation of choice for varicose veins: March 2012, March 2013 | [
"Duplex ultrasound imaging",
"Standard Doppler examination",
"Varicography",
"Venography"
] | A | Ans: A i.e. Duplex ultrasound imaging Investigation of varicose veins Many now believe that all patients with varicose veins should undergo an assessment by duplex scan Standard Doppler examination is not an accurate method of establishing incompetence of the lesser saphenous incompetence. In all cases of sho saphenous... | train | med_mcqa | null |
After digestion by restriction endonucleases, DNA strands can be joined again by | [
"DNA polymerase",
"DNA ligase",
"DNA topoisomerase",
"DNA gyrase"
] | B | In mammals, after many Okazaki fragments are generated, the replication complex begins to remove the RNA primers, to fill in the gaps left by their removal with the proper base-paired deoxynucleotide, and then to seal the fragments of newly synthesized DNA by enzymes referred to as DNA ligases. DNA ligase Seals the sin... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Radiological sign of spondylolysis? | [
"Napoleon's hat sign",
"'Scottish dog with collar' sign",
"Winking owl sign",
"'Cap' sign"
] | B | Ans BIn spondylolysis on oblique view scotty dog with collar is seen while in spondylolisthesis inverted napoleon hat sign (AP view L5 over S1) and scotty dog with broken neck sign (oblique view) are seen. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Least common complication of peptic ulcer | [
"Gastric Outlet Obstruction",
"Bleeding",
"Perforation",
"Epigastric Pain"
] | A | (A) Gastric Outlet Obstruction # GASTRIC OUTLET OBSTRUCTION:> The two common causes of gastric outlet obstruction are gastric cancer (see below) and pyloric stenosis secondary to peptic ulceration.> Previously the latter was more common. Now, with the decrease in the incidence of peptic ulceration and the advent of pot... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following can be the complications of a Malunited Colles fracture, EXCEPT: | [
"Carpal tunnel syndrome",
"Rupture of flexor pollicis longus tendon",
"Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD)",
"Frozen hand shoulder syndrome"
] | B | olles fracture refers to a fracture dislocation of the inferior radioulnar joint. It is associated with a classical dinner fork deformity. This fracture is associated with all the complications mentioned in the question except the rupture of flexor pollicis tendon. Secondary to colles fracture there is a rupture of ext... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following liver metastasis appear hypoechoic on Ultrasonography – | [
"Breast cancer",
"Colon cancer",
"Renal cancer",
"Mucinous adenocarcinoma"
] | A | Metastases from Breast Cancer are typically hypo-echoic (Echopoor) on Ultrasonography.
Metastases from carcinoma colon and renal cell carcinoma are typically hyper-echoic (or echogenic) while metastasis from mucinous adenocarcinoma typically appears 'calcified'. | train | med_mcqa | null |
True regarding metamorphopsia: March 2012 | [
"Age related change",
"Associated with diseases affecting macula",
"Occurs when too much light shines into eyes",
"Interpreted by brain as 'flashes'"
] | B | Ans: B i.e. Associated with diseases affecting macula | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are effective in the treatment of Candida albicans fungemia except: | [
"Amphotericin B",
"Caspofungin",
"Terbinafine",
"Voriconazole"
] | C | All patients with Candida fungemia should be treated with systemic antifungals. Terbinafine (non-competitive inhibitor of squalene epoxide) is an agent used for dermatophyte infection. Fluconazole has been shown to be an effective agent for candidemia. Voriconazole is also active against Candida albicans but has many d... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In which of the following types of cardiac arrest is DC counter shock the only definitive treatment? | [
"Asystole",
"Electromechanical dissociation",
"Ventricular fibrillation",
"All of the above"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most common presentation of a child with Wilms' tumor is ? | [
"As asymptomatic abdominal mass",
"Haematuria",
"Hypeension",
"Hemoptysis due to pulmonary secondary"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., As asymptomatic abdominal mass Presentation of Wilm's tumor : o Asymptomatic abdominal mass (most common) o Heamaturia (10-25%) o Abdominal pain (30%) o Fever (20%) o Hypeension (25%) o Anorexia and vomiting | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hormone responsible for BP regulation after a fall due to blood loss. | [
"ADH",
"ANP",
"Epinephrine",
"Aldosterone"
] | A | Ans. is'a' i.e., ADH o Blood pressure is regulated by following mechanisms.A) Short term regulation# These mechanisms act immediately and correct the blood pressure quickly. These arei) Baroreceptor reflex: Works during BP range 70-150 mmHg.ii) Chemoreceptor reflex: Works when BP below 80 mmHg.iii) CNS ischemic respons... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Components of epithalamus include all except | [
"Habenula",
"Striae medullaris",
"Striae terminalis",
"Pineal gland"
] | C | Epithalamus consists of
Dorsal segment of diencephalon
Habenula
Striae medullaris
Pineal gland | train | med_mcqa | null |
Validity, if a test is ? | [
"Precise",
"Reproducible",
"Repeatable",
"Accurate"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Accurate Validity (Accuracy) The validity of a test is the extent to which it accurately measures which it purpos to measure. In other words its the ability to show which individuals have the disease in question and which do not. Validity has two components - sensitivity & specificity. To be truly val... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not true about innate immunity | [
"Not influenced by hormones",
"Dependent on genetic constitution",
"Identical twins have same degree of resistance",
"Not influenced by exposure to antigen"
] | A | Innate immunity is influenced by hormones: Endocrine disorders like diabetes are associated with enhanced susceptibility to infection due to altered innate immunity.
Innate immunity is dependent on genetic constitution of the individual. Homogenous identical twins exhibit similar degree of innate immunity.
Innate immun... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Where does capacitation of sperms occur in the reproductive tract? | [
"Epididymis",
"Vas deferens",
"Vagina",
"Uterus"
] | D | After ejaculation into the female, spermatozoa move up the uterus to the isthmus of the uterine tubes where they slow down and undergo capacitation. Capacitation involves two components : increasing the motility of spermatozoa and facilitating their preparation for the acrosome reaction. From the isthmuses the capacita... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tryptophan is: | [
"Non polar, essential and pure glucogenic",
"Polar, essential and both glucogenic & ketogenic",
"Polar, non-essential, both glucogenic & ketogenic",
"Non polar, essential, both glucogenic & ketogenic"
] | D | Ans. D. Non polar, essential, both glucogenic & ketogenicTryptophan is a non-polar, heterocyclic amino acid. It acts as glucogenic as well as ketogenic amino acid. It is an essential amino acid as it helps in the formation of Niacin (active form NAD) and serotonin and melatonin. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 48-year-old woman has a lower back pain and hypoesthesia in the left S1 dermatomal distribution (left calf and lateral left foot). What is the most likely cause? | [
"A lesion at the right L4-L5 interspace",
"Pathology where the nerve exits the spinal canal immediately above the pedicle of S3 veebra",
"A herniated nucleus pulposus",
"Compression by the L5 lamina"
] | C | Thoracic, lumbar, and sacral nerves exit off the spinal canal immediately below the pedicle of the corresponding numbered veebra. The left S1 root, for example, passes immediately dorsal to the L5-S1 disc where it can be susceptible to compression by a herniated nucleus pulposus. The root then swings laterally to exit ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Following is seen in both apoptosis and necrosis: | [
"Both may be physiological",
"Both may be pathological",
"Inflammation",
"Intact cell membrane"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Regarding leflunomide in pregnancy all are true except | [
"Cause hydrocephalus and skeletal anomalies in fetus",
"Pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor",
"Its active metabolite can be detected in plasma for upto 2 years after dis continuation",
"Used to treat Rheumatoid arthritis in pregnancy"
] | D | Leflunomide, is used to treat Rheumatoid arthritis, but is contraindicated in pregnancy. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are essential features of attention deficit hyperactive disease (AD ) except – | [
"Lack of concentration",
"Impulsivity",
"Mental retardation",
"Hyperactivity"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Small cuff size will lead to? | [
"Falsely increased BP",
"Falsely low BP",
"No effect on BP",
"Fluctuating BP"
] | A | a. Falsely increased BP(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2164)In older children, a mercury sphygmomanometer with a cuff that covers approximately two-thirds of the upper part of the arm or leg may be used for blood pressure measurement. A cuff that is too small results in falsely high readings, whereas a cuff that is too large rec... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is characteristic of a single exposure common vehicle outbreak ? | [
"Frequent secondary cases",
"Severity increases with increasing age",
"Explosive",
"Cases occur continuously beyond the longest incubation period"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Explosive | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 40-year-old woman treated for many years for gastroesophageal reflux develops dysphagia and weight loss. Previous esophagoscopy has revealed cellular atypia. An esophagoscopy is about to be performed. What is it most likely to reveal? | [
"Leiomyoma arising from the long esophageal muscular layer",
"Squamous cell carcinoma arising from esophageal mucosal lining",
"Adenocarcinoma originated from islands of Barrett's esophagus",
"Adenocarcinoma extending from the stomach"
] | C | Adenocarcinoma, originated from islands of Barrett's esophagus, is today the most common cancer of the esophagus in the United States. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Test to detect maternal sensitization - | [
"Direct coombs test",
"Indirect coombs test",
"Both",
"None"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Indirect coombs test | train | med_mcqa | null |
Intrauterine exposure of diethylstilboestrol is associated with - | [
"Squamous cell carcinoma of cervix",
"Adenocarcinoma of endometrium",
"Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina",
"Sarcoma of uterus"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Richest source of Vitamin D - | [
"Milk",
"Egg",
"Halibut liver oil",
"Butter"
] | C | Halibut liver oil contain 500-10,000 Microban per 100g . egg contain - 1 . 25microgram, Milk 0.1micrigram per 100g.REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 617 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cancer which most commonly metastasizes to jaw bone is: | [
"Breast",
"Prostatic",
"Lung",
"Kidney"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Investigation of choice for spinal tuberculosis | [
"X-ray",
"CT-Scan",
"Open biopsy",
"MRI"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., MRI Investigations in musculoskeletal system Investigation of choice for AVN Hip MR1 Best initial test for osteomyelitis -9 Plain x-ray Best second line test for osteomyelitis (if there is high clinical suspician and x-ray is negative) --> MRI Most accurate diagnostic test for osteomyelitis Bone biops... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vasomotor reversal of dale is demonstrated by | [
"Fall in blood pressure by high dose intravenous Ach",
"Increase in blood pressure following administration of IV propranolol",
"Fall in blood pressure by ganglionic blocker",
"Fall in blood pressure by adrenaline pretreated with phentolamine"
] | D | Ans. (d) Fall in blood pressure by adrenaline pretreated with phentolamine(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.353)If the subject is given a blocker and then if epinephrine is injected, vasodilation and decrease in BP is seen. This effect is called "Vasomotor reversal of Dale" | train | med_mcqa | null |
Penicillin would be LEAST effective in treating: | [
"Syphilis",
"Streptococcal pharyngitis",
"Pneumococcal pneumonia",
"Mycoplasma pneumonia"
] | D | Mycoplasma organisms do have a cell wall and are therefore resistant to penicillin. Other forms of bacteria that lack a cell wall are spheroplasts and protoplasts, which are formed from gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively, through the action of penicillin or by other procedures that remove the cell w... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A farmer visiting a orchard gets unconscious, excessive salivation, constricted pupils and fasciculation of muscles, treatment started with- | [
"Atropine",
"Neostigmine",
"Physostigmine",
"Adrenaline"
] | A | The farmer in question is having organophosphate poisoning, for which atropine is the drug of choice. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bullet which disintegrates into fragments on hitting the target is | [
"Dum dum bullet",
"Yawning bullet",
"Fangible bullet",
"Tandem bullet"
] | C | Ans: c (Fangible bullet) Ref: Reddy, 27th ed, p. 202Fangible bullets are those which disintegrates into fragments on impact.Ricochet bullets - are those which before striking the object aimed at, strikes some intervening object first and then after rechochetting and rebounding from there into the object.Yaw ning bullet... | train | med_mcqa | null |
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