question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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Quellung reaction is seen with: | [
"Pneumococcus",
"Gonococcus",
"Streptococcus",
"Staphylococcus"
] | A | Quellung reaction Capsular swelling due to serological reaction Pneumococcal Capsular antigen + Antibody causes Capsular swelling Note:- MC fadyean's reaction Done for bacillus anthracis capsule (polypeptide) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Valve usually not involved in rheumatic fever ? | [
"Mitral",
"Aoic",
"Pumonary",
"Tricuspid"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Pumonary "The pulmonary valve is least frequently involved" In Rheumatic fever o Commonest valve to involve Mitral valve o 2nd commonest valve to involve Aoic valve o Least frequently involved value ---> Pulmonary valve o Most common valvular deformity produced --> Mitral regurgitation | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 40 year old male patient presented with mild abdominal pain, mild constipation with a feeling of incomplete evacuation and mucus in stools for the past 4 years. On examination, tenderness is present in left iliac fossa. The most likely diagnosis is: | [
"Ulcerative colitis",
"Diveicular disease of the colon",
"Irritable bowel syndrome",
"Carcinoma colon"
] | B | Ans. b. Diveicular disease of the colon | train | med_mcqa | null |
A tentatively female newborn has ambiguous genitalia. What appears to be a vagina is associated with a significantly enlarged clitoris resembling a penis. Other findings include hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypotension. Deficiency of which of the following is suggested by these findings? | [
"11-Hydroxylase",
"17-Hydroxylase",
"21-Hydroxylase",
"Amylin"
] | C | Deficiency of enzyme 21-hydroxylase (mc) 11 hydroxylase 17 hydroxylase | Coisol | Mineralocoicoids (Salt losing hypotension) | Sex hormones(Virilization) Similar to 21 hydroxylase except | Deoxycoicosterone (Hypeension) | Coisol | Mineralocoicoid | Sex hormone | train | med_mcqa | null |
Delayed labour occurs in : | [
"Early use of epidural anesthesia with analgesia",
"Early use of analgesia",
"Unripened cervix",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans. is a, b and c i.e. Early use of epidural anesthesia with analgesia; Early use of analgesia; Unripened cervix; and Use of sedative early in course of labour Delayed / prolonged labour: "Labour is said to be prolonged when the combined duration of the first and second stage is more than the arbitrary time limit of 1... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Juxtaglomerular apparatus lies in relation to | [
"Proximal convoluted tubule",
"Ascending loop of Henle",
"Descending loop of Henle",
"Glomerulus"
] | D | The thick end of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle reaches the glomerulus of the nephron from which the tubule arose and nestles between its afferent and efferent aerioles. Specialized cells at the end form the macula densa, which is close to the efferent and paicularly the afferent aeriole. The macula, the neigh... | train | med_mcqa | null |
How many pulpal horns are there in the mandibular second primary molar? | [
"3",
"6",
"4",
"5"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Erythropoietin is secreted from | [
"Juxtraglomerular cells",
"Macula densa",
"Intersititial cells",
"Glomerulus"
] | C | In adults, about 85% of the erythropoietin comes from the kidneys and 15% from the liver. Both these organs contain the mRNA for erythropoietin. Erythropoietin can also be extracted from the spleen and salivary glands, but these tissues do not contain the mRNA and consequently do not appear to manufacture the hormone. ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mucin is secreted by? | [
"Skin",
"Lung",
"Stomach",
"Gall bladder"
] | D | Gall bladderSecretion of Mucin:Secretes mucin adding to bile.During intestinal release of bile, mucin acts as lubricant. Aids in intestinal movement of chyme. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The greatest chance for long-term survival of an allograft would be expected with a | [
"Kidney transplant",
"Hea transplant",
"Cornea transplant",
"Liver transplant"
] | C | Of the grafts listed, cornea transplants have the longest survival time. Cells of the cornea do express HLA-A and HLA-B antigens, but their density is low compared with most other tissues. In addition, the cornea is considered to be an "immunologically privileged" site (i.e., blood vessels and lymphatics are lacking).T... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hera lal a 35 year old man was found to be positive for HBsAg and HBeAg , accidentally during a screening for blood donation. On Lab examination SGOT and SGPT are normal. What should be the most appropriate next step? | [
"Observation",
"Liver biopsy",
"Interferon therapy",
"HBV-DNA estimation"
] | D | Patient in the question is positive for HBsAg and HBeAg, so he is more likely to be highly infectious and must be associated with the presence of Hepatitis B virions and a detectable HBV DNA. Ref: Harrisons Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Chapter 304, Page 2540 ; Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology By Warren... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A data collected for specific purpose and used for the same purpose is | [
"Original data",
"Primary data",
"Secondary data",
"Specific data"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Doxylamine used in management of nausea and vomiting is marketed with which vitamin ? | [
"Thiamine",
"Riboflavin",
"Niacin",
"Pyridoxine"
] | D | Ans. is'd'i.e., PyridoxineDoxylamineSedative H1 antihistamine with prominent anticholinergic activity. Marketed in combination with pyridoxine, it is specifically promoted in India for 'morning sickness' (vomiting of early pregnancy), although such use is not made in the UK and many other countries. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Non-functional enzymes are all, EXCEPT: | [
"Alkaline phosphatase",
"Acid phosphatase",
"Lipoprotein lipase",
"Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase"
] | C | Lipoprotein lipase is a functional enzyme. It is located on the walls of blood capillaries, anchored to the endothelium by negatively charged proteoglycan chains of heparan sulfate. It has been found in hea, adipose tissue, spleen, lung, renal medulla, aoa, diaphragm, and lactating mammary gland, although it is not act... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Effects of estrogen are all of the following, except: | [
"Reduces HDL",
"Reduces LDL",
"Increases Triglycerides",
"Increases HDL"
] | A | Estrogens increase HDL cholesterol. Ref: KDT 5th Edition, Pages 274-9; KDT 6th Edition, Page 229; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition, Chapter 30; Novak's Textbook of Gynecology, 14th Edition, Pages 272-73 | train | med_mcqa | null |
In peritonsillar abscess, pain is referred to ear due to: | [
"Trigeminal nerve",
"Glossopharyngeal nerve",
"Mandibular nerve",
"Auriculotemporal nerve"
] | B | Ans: (b) Glossopharyngeal nerveRef: Gray's Anatomy, The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice, Susan Standring, 41st edition, 2016, Page 576 & 577Tonsils and tonsillar fossa are supplied by the glossopharyngeal nerve*.The tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal (Jacobson's) nerve* supplies the mucous membrane lining th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sequence of clinical trials is | [
"NDA -FDA-NDA",
"FDA--NDA-FDA",
"FDA-Marketing-NDA",
"FDA-NDA-Post marketing surveillance"
] | D | (FDA-NDA-Post marketing survillance) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nerve entrapped in pyriformis syndrome is | [
"Superior gluteal nerve",
"Inferior gluteal nerve",
"Pudendal nerve",
"Sciatic nerve"
] | D | Entrapment of Sciatic nerve by inflamed pyriformis muscle is called as pyriformis syndrome. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Kidney which of the following is true? | [
"Osmolarity of tubular fluid in PCT gradually increases",
"Osmolarity of fluid in DCT is more than in Bowmann's capsule",
"Fluid coming out of descending limb of loop of Henle is hypotonic",
"Osmolarity of medullary interstitium is more than plasma"
] | D | Ans. is'd'i.e., Osmolarity of medullary interstitium is more than plasma(Ref: Guyton 12/e p. 334)The renal medulla shows an increasing osmotic pressure with increasing depth.Staing, with an osmolarity of 300 mOsm/L in the coex, the osmolarity reaches a level of 1200-1400 mosm/L at the pelvic tip of the medulla, i.e., T... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not complication of Enteral feeding? | [
"Diarrhoea",
"Constipation",
"Hypoglycemia",
"Aspiration Pneumonia"
] | C | Hypoglycemia does not occur due to enteral feeding. | train | med_mcqa | null |
If a Panchayat is dissolved, elections are to be held within – | [
"1 month",
"3 months",
"6 months",
"1 year"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tear drop heart is seen in | [
"Pulmonary Vein obstruction",
"Mitral incompetence",
"Chronic emphysema",
"Constrictive pericarditis"
] | C | Tear drop heart - Chronic emphysema.
Pentagon shaped heart - Mitral incompetence. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Multiplying factor for estimating stature from humerus is (male) : | [
"12-Oct",
"6-May",
"9-Jul",
"10-Sep"
] | B | B i.e. 5 - 6 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pearl's stain used to demonstrate the following in tissues ? | [
"Hemosiderin",
"Fat",
"Reticulin",
"Fibrin"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hemosiderin Prussian blue reaction (Perl's iron stain), a stain most commonly used for hemosidern demonstration in tissue sections, impas blue colour to hemosiderin | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common mode of treatment of a 1 year old child with asthma is: | [
"Inhaled sho acting beta 2 agonist",
"Oral sho acting theophylline",
"Oral ketotifen",
"Leukotriene agonist"
] | A | Asthma in children between 1-3 years of age is treated with inhaled beta-2 adrenergics and/or theophylline administered by nebuliser or face mask. Ref: Diagnosis and Management of Asthma, Mani S. Kavuru, 2007 - Page 41; Pediatric Allergy, Asthma And Immunology, Springer, 2008 - Page 828; Ghai Essential Pediatrics - 6th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Basophilic stippling is due to | [
"Ala synthetase deficiency",
"Ferrochelatase deficiency",
"5' nucleotidase deficiency",
"Ala dehdrogenase deficiency"
] | C | (C) (5'- nucleotides deficiency) (880-H 18(tm))Lead intoxication is accompanied by an acquired deficiency of erythrocyte pryimidine-specific, 5'-nucleotidase.Genetically determined deficiency of this enzyme is associated with chronic hemolysis, marked basophilic stippling of erythrocytes on stained blood films, and uni... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Copper deposition in cornea leads to - | [
"Keratoconus",
"Keratoglobus",
"KF ring",
"Siderosis"
] | C | Kayser- Fleischer ring. It is a golden brown ring which occurs due to deposition of copper under peripheral pas of the descemet's membrane of the cornea. Ref: Parson's 22 nd edition , page no.396 | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is the investigation of choice for the ureteric stone? | [
"CT scan",
"USG",
"MIBG scan",
"DMSA scan"
] | A | All of the routine methods have become less useful with the advent of more sensitive and specific nonenhanced computed tomography (CT) scanning. When CT is available, it is now considered the examination of choice for the detection and localization of urinary stones. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Resting pressure in the anal canal is because of | [
"External sphincter",
"Internal sphincter",
"Anorectal ring",
"Conjoint longitudinal coat"
] | B | Anal manometry has been used in the study of patients who have fecal incontinence as an attempt to quantify anal sphincter function. Typical basic parameters are resting pressure and squeeze pressure. Resting pressure denotes resting tonicity and thus is used as an index parameter for internal anal sphincter which is i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A forceps delivered premature baby develops fever, abnormal behavior, bulging fontanelle 5 days after bih. What is the likely causative organism? | [
"Neisseria meningitidis",
"Listeria monocytogenes",
"Staph aureus",
"Pneumococcus"
] | B | Given scenario suggests diagnosis of Meningitis Neonatal Listeriosis 2 clinical presentations are recognized: EARLY ONSET (<5 DAYS ) LATE ONSET (>=5 DAYS) Positive result of maternal Listeria culture Obstetric complications Premature delivery Low bihweight Neonatal sepsis Negative result of maternal Listeria Culture Un... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The subdermal plexus forms the vascular basis for - | [
"Randomised flaps",
"Axial flaps",
"Mucocutaneous flaps",
"Fasciocutaneous flaps"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Kusumlata presents with acute painfull red eye and mild dilated veically oval pupil. Most likely diagnosis is: | [
"Acute retrobulber neuritis",
"Acute angle closure glaucoma",
"Acute anterior uveitis",
"Severe kerato-conjunctivitis"
] | B | B i.e. Acute angle closure glaucoma | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following type of bond is not present in the teiary structure of protein? | [
"Hydrogen bonds",
"Disulphide bonds",
"Salt linkage",
"Vander Waal's bonds"
] | D | Teiary structure of a protein results from hydrogen bonding, di sulfide linkage, ionic bonds between polar amino acids, and interaction between hydrophobic R groups. Teiary structure of a protein develops after the secondary structure is established. It refers to how the amino acid chain bends or fold in three dimensio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Commonest Primary site of Kurkenberg tumour is: | [
"Breast",
"Colon",
"Stomach",
"Small intestine"
] | C | Stomach | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is known for Non union in children, if left untreated? | [
"lntercondylar fracture of humerus",
"Fracture shaft of humerus",
"Fracture shaft of femur",
"Fracture distal 1/3rd of tibia"
] | B | B i.e. Fracture of shaft humerus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is an uncoupler? | [
"Insulin",
"Epinephrine",
"GH",
"Thyroxine"
] | D | The rate of the ATP-32P exchange reaction was reduced by thyroxine and this inhibition was doubled by adding the thyroxine to the incubation medium after the paicles rather than before.The increased inhibition of the exchange reaction was associated with a reduction in P/O ratios and a loss of the stimulatory effect of... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is the most sensitive and specific antibody for Celiac sprue? | [
"Anti endomysial",
"Anti TTG",
"Anti gliadin",
"Anti reticulin"
] | A | Antibodies used in diagnosing Celiac sprue: Anti endomysial (anti EMA) - highest sensitivity and specificity, best performance for detection of celiac sprue. The antigen recognized by them is tissue transglutaminase. Anti gliadin (AGN) - variability and lower accuracy, unsuitable for diagnosis and screening. Anti retic... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Degree of normal intestinal loop rotation is: | [
"180deg counterclockwise",
"180deg clockwise",
"270deg counterclockwise",
"270deg clockwise"
] | C | Abnormal rotation of the intestinal loop may result in twisting of the intestine (volvulus) and a compromise of the blood supply. Normally, the primary intestinal loop rotates 270deg counterclockwise. Ref: Langman's embryology 11th edition Chapter 14. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Alcohol intake during pregnancy causes, all, except? | [
"Brachycephaly",
"Microcephaly",
"Hyperkinetic movements",
"Congenital anomalies"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Brachycephaly Fetal alcohol syndrome o Chronic maternal alcohol abuse during pregnancy is associated with teratogenic effects, and alcohol appears to be a leading cause of mental retardation and congenital malformation. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which among the following is not pre-malignant ? | [
"Ulcerative colitis",
"Peutz-jeghers syndrome",
"Villous adenoma",
"Familial adenomatoses polyopsis"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Peutz-jeghers syndrome | train | med_mcqa | null |
True statement regarding insulin: | [
"Produced by alpha cells of pancreas",
"Two polypeptide chains are bound by disulfide linkages",
"Shifts potassium outside the cell",
"S.c insulin tl/2 is 60 mins"
] | B | Ref: Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry,28th editionExplanation:InsulinSecreted from pancreatic islet b cellsReleased regulated by blood (glycemic thresholdSynthesized as a single chain : pro-insulinInsulin is formed from proinsulin (removal of the connecting or "C" peptide)Insulin is thus made up of 2 chainsA (21 amino... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In otherwise healthy 40 yr old man Management of a Rcc less than 4cm in size ? | [
"chemotherapy",
"Radical nephrectomy",
"Paial nephrectomy",
"Surgery followed by chemotherapy"
] | C | REF : bailey and love 27th ed. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A retroauricular incision in children less than 2 years may cause damage to which cranial nerve? | [
"VIII",
"VII",
"VI",
"V"
] | C | "Choanal atresia should be suspected in any infant who develops cyanosis that occurs with feeding or rest but is relieved by crying"Choanal atresiaPathology - Persistence of bucconasal membraneU/L atresia is more common than B/L atresiaMC in females and on the right sideDiagnostic criteriaPresence of mucoid discharge i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
phenelezine is a type of | [
"MAOI",
"SSRI",
"NDRI",
"SNRI"
] | A | MAOI * IMPOANCE First class of antidepressant drugs that were introduced * MECHANISM There are three monoamines namely dopamine, adrenaline and serotonin. These mon amines are degraded by monoamine oxidase. MAOI inhibit this enzyme and acts increasing monoamines * DRUGS Phenelezine Tranylcipromine * USE ATYPICAL DEPRES... | train | med_mcqa | null |
44 year old man with dyspnoea, cough and mild pyrexia.What pa of the lung is involved? | [
"Right upper lobe",
"Right middle lobe",
"Left middle lobe",
"Left lower lobe"
] | B | The PA CXR shows increased airspace opacification in the right lower zone. The normal silhouette of the right hea border is obscured. On the lateral view the opacity is wedge-shaped and is located anteriorly. Diagnosis is Lobar pneumonia. Right middle lobe - the consolidation obscures the right hea border and on the la... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following form the ligamentous extensions of the hypogastric sheath, EXCEPT: | [
"Uterosacral ligament",
"Mackenrodt's ligament",
"Lateral true ligaments of bladder",
"Broad ligament"
] | D | Broad ligament is a false ligament of the uterus. It is a large double fold of peritoneum extending from the body of the uterus to the lateral pelvic wall. The Hypogastric sheath is formed by the fibrous, condensed poions of the endopelvic fascia which lies between, and is continuous with, both the visceral and parieta... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is emitted by Phosphorus 32? | [
"X-rays",
"Neutrons",
"Alpha Paicles",
"Beta paicles"
] | D | Radioactive chromic phosphate (P-32) emits only beta paicles and has a half life of approximately 2 weeks. It is currently the most frequently used agent as an adjuvant therapy for epithelial ovarian carcinoma when administered intraperitoneally. Ref: Multimodality Therapy in Gynecologic Oncology By B.-U. Sevin, Page 1... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The immunosuppressant action of cyclosporine appears to be due to : | [
"Activation of NK cells",
"Blockade of tissue responses to inflammatory mediators",
"Inhibition of gene transcription of interleukins",
"Interference with antigen recognition"
] | C | Cyclosporine and tacrolimus acts by inhibiting calcineurin, which is involved in the activation of NFAT. Final result of this process is increased transcription of IL-2 gene.
Sirolimus does not inhibit the transcription of IL-2 but interferes with its action. It inhibits the enzyme tyrosine kinase, known as mTOR (which... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a feature of acute pancreatitis | [
"Hyperbilirubinemia",
"Hypercalcemia",
"Hyperglycemia",
"Increased serum LDH"
] | B | Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis Corner Stone of the diagnosis of AP: Clinical findings +elevation of pancreatic enzyme level in the plasma Pancreatic enzymes A threefold or higher elevation of amylase & lipase levels confirms the diagnosis Amylase's serum half - life is shoer as compared with lipase Lipase is also a mo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Biochemical abnormality associated with osteogenesis imperfecta is increase in: | [
"Alkaline phosphatase",
"Acid phosphatase",
"Bicarbonate ion",
"Phosphorylase enzyme"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Arterioles is | [
"Resistance",
"Exchange",
"Reservoir",
"Pressure"
] | A | Arterioles regulate the distribution of blood flow by altering their diameter to increase or decrease the peripheral resistance as required. | train | med_mcqa | null |
True regarding level of sugar in hyperosmolar non ketotic hyperglycemia is: September 2005 | [
"No change",
"Mild elevation",
"Moderate elevation",
"Severely elevated"
] | D | Ans. D: Severely elevated Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) is being diagnosed with increasing frequency in obese children with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM). The syndrome is characterized by severe hyperglycemia, a marked increase in serum osmolality and dehydration without accumulation of beta-... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Morula cell stage has how many cells? | [
"8-Jan",
"16-Aug",
"24-32",
">64"
] | B | Ans. B. 8-16MORULA FORMATIONa. After the zygote formation, typical mitotic division of the nucleus occurs producing two blastomeres.b. The two cell stage is reached approximately 30 hours after fertilization. Each contains equal cytoplasmic volume and chromosome numbers.c. The blastomeres continue to divide by binary d... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Arrange the following according to good outcome
a - zone of stasis
b - zone of coagulation
c - zone of hyperemia | [
"a = c > b",
"c > a > b",
"a > c > b",
"a > b > c"
] | B | Zone of hyperemia - vasodilation only - usually heals well.
Zone of stasis - outside burnt area - healing depend on mgt.
Zone of coagulation - area of burnt tissue - necrosed tissue. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anti Spasmodic effect is seen with - | [
"Neostigmine",
"Propantheline",
"Nikethamide",
"Ambenonium"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Propantheline Antispasmodic drugs i) Quaternary compounds - Propantheline, Oxyphenonium, Clidinium, Pipenzolate, Methylbromide, Isopropamide, Glycopyrrolate. ii) Teiary amines - Dicyclomine, Valethamate, Pirenzepine. iii) Vasoselective antispasmodic (drugs acting on urinary bladder) - Oxybutynin, Tolt... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient developed fixed drug eruptions after taking ceain medications. Which of the following drug will give rise to these skin lesions in this patient? | [
"Phenolphthalein",
"Aspirin",
"Dapsone",
"All of the above"
] | D | A fixed drug eruption (FDE) is an adverse cutaneous reaction to an ingested drug, characterized by the formation of a solitary (but at times multiple) erythematous patch or plaque. Most commonly implicated agents in fixed drug eruptions: Tetracyclines (tetracycline, minocycline) Sulfonamides, other sulfa drugs Metronid... | train | med_mcqa | null |
For development of alveolar PO2 of 60 mm Hg and high altitude illness to develop in an otherwise healthy person from sea level, rapid ascent to following height is required | [
"2,000 meters",
"3,000 meters",
"4,000 meters",
"5,000 meters"
] | B | People have different susceptible to altitude sickness,on an average it begins around 2000 to 3000 meters above sea level Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number:375,376 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 35-years old lady presented with dysphagia, nocturnal asthma and weight loss for 6 years. The most probable diagnosis is not related-surgery | [
"Achalasia cardia",
"Lye stricture of esophagus",
"Gastroesophageal reflux disease",
"Carcinoma esophagus"
] | C | . | train | med_mcqa | null |
Choose the wrong statement about osteomyelitis | [
"Sickle cell anemia - Salmonella",
"HIV - Staph aureus",
"Post surgical - Pseudomonas aeruginosa",
"Diabetic Ulcer - Anaerobes"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Alpha 1 blocker without any effect on blood pressure is? | [
"Tamsulosin",
"Prazosin",
"Oxazocin",
"Terazocin"
] | A | ANSWER: (A) TamsulosinREF: KDT 7th ed p. 135, Goodman Gillmans 11th ed p. 173Tamsulosin, a benzenesulfonamide, is an al receptor antagonist with some selectivity fora1A and a1D subtypes, favoring a1A blockade in prostate. Tamsulosin is efficacious in the treatment of BPH with little effect on blood pressure, | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for myoclonic epilepsy in pregnancy is : | [
"Carbamazepine",
"Sodium valproate",
"Phenobarbitone",
"Phenytoin"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Concentration of methemoglobin to cause cyanosis- | [
"5 gm/dl",
"2 gm/dl",
"1.5 gm/dl",
"12 gm/dl"
] | C | Ans. (c) 1.5gm/dl(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.647)The level of methemoglobin producing cyanosis is 1.5gm/dlIf deoxyhemoglobin (reduced Hb) is 5.0g/dL or greater, cyanosis appears | train | med_mcqa | null |
. Stage III B endometrial Ca -true is:a) Vaginal metastasisb) Lymph node metastasisc) Bowel involvementd) Lung metastasise) Serosa involved | [
"a",
"b",
"ab",
"ae"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Bacillus anthracis is? | [
"Zoonotic disease",
"Man to man transmission posible",
"Agent for bioterrorism",
"Antibiotic has no role"
] | A | Anthrax is a zoonosis. Animals are infected by ingestion of the spores present in the soil. Direct spread from animal to animal is rare. Human anthrax is contraindicated from animals, directly or indirectly The disease may be cutaneous, pulmonary or intestinal, all types leading to fatal septicemia or meningitis. Refer... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The first human protein produced by rDNA technology: | [
"Insulin",
"Growth hormone",
"Albumin",
"Casein"
] | A | The first human protein produced by rDNA technology is Insulin. Production of recombinant Insulin: NOTE: Gene coding for insulin is localized on 11p15 site of chromosome. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In the Rabies vaccine schedule of 0,3,7,14,30,90,0 means - | [
"Day of dog bite",
"Day of first injection",
"Day of symptom onset",
"Day of dog death"
] | B | The vaccination schedule recommended consists of 6 doses on day 0,3,7,14,28 and a booster dose on day 90(Ref.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21st Edition page no.255) | train | med_mcqa | null |
If DNA is damaged in the cell cycle, which gene causes cell cycle arrest? | [
"Rb",
"MYC",
"p53",
"K-RAS"
] | C | Ans. (c) p53Ref: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basic Disease 9th Ed; Page No-28P53* Gene in chromosome 17p 13.1* It is called as "genome guardian protein".* Encodes a53Ka protein* p53 is universally expressed in all cells.* p53 induces p21, which inhibits CDKs- hypo-phosphorylation (activation) ofRb- inhibition of G1 -... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In obstruction of second pa of axillay aery, theanostomosis between the following aery will maintain the blood supply of upper limb: | [
"Deep branch of transverse cervical aery & subscapular aery",
"Anterior & posterior circumflex humeral",
"Posterior circumflex humeral & circumflex scapular aery",
"Suprascapular & anterior circumflex humeral aery"
] | A | Deep branch of transverse cervical aery & subscapular aery [Ref: BDC 4/e, Vol 1, p 56, 82; Snell's Clinical Anatomy 6/e, p 412-413, 657; Moore Clinical Anatomy 5/a, p 766-7671Axillary aery is the continuation of the subclan aery. It is crossed by pectoralis minor muscle which devides it into three pas.A rich anastomosi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 26 year old female patient complains of tooth sensitivity while eating ice-cream. Intra-oral examination reveals Class V lesion with 23. She also gives a history of bruxism. Microfilled composite is most useful in this patient due to: | [
"Increased viscosity",
"Low modulus of elasticity",
"Low filler content",
"None of the above"
] | B | The low modulus of elasticity of microfilled composites allow them to flex with tooth and protect the bonding interface. This is most useful in bruxism, clenching and stressful occlusion where flexure forces are high.
Reference- Sturdevant 4th ed P:257 | train | med_mcqa | null |
For the pathologic sign "Red blood cell aplasia" select the mediastinal tumor with which it is most likely to be associated (SELECT 1 TUMOR) | [
"Thymoma",
"Hodgkin's disease",
"Neuroblastoma",
"Parathyroid adenoma"
] | A | Neuroblastoma, a highly malignant tumor of children, occurs along the distribution of the sympathetic nervous system. It is derived from ganglion cell precursors and thus usually causes an increased excretion of catecholamines and their metabolites. Because of its propensity to metastasize to bone and its histological ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most important factor associated with progression of HIV positive to AIDS is? | [
"Nutrition",
"Viral load",
"Age",
"CD4 count"
] | D | Ans is 'd' i.e. CD4 count * HIV can infect and kill many different types of cells in the body, but the primary targets are immune cells called CD4 T-cells. The CD4 T-cells are white blood cells that help coordinate the immune system's response to infection and disease. CD4 T-cells count is the most important factor det... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Laryngeal cailage forming complete circle is | [
"Thyroid",
"Cricoid",
"Corniculate",
"Arytenoid"
] | B | Ref: BD Chaurasia's HUMAN ANATOMY, Volume 3, 4th edition. Cricoid cailage is shaped like a ring. It encircles the larynx below the thyroid cailage. It is thicker and stronger than the thyroid cailage. The ring has a narrow anterior pa called the arch, and a broad posterior pa called the lamina. The lamina projects upwa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The first sign of Volkman's ischemia is: | [
"Paresthesia",
"Pain on passive extension of fingers",
"Pain on active extension of fingers",
"Swelling of fingers"
] | B | B i.e. pain on passive extension of finger | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not true about hemorrhoids: | [
"First degree-no prolapsed",
"Excision for externo-internal piles",
"Third degree-no surgery",
"Conservative treatment in first degree"
] | C | Ans. (c) Third degree-no surgeryRef: Sabiston 19th Edition, Pages 1387-1391* Third degree hemorrhoids will have mass protruding out of anal orifice and needs to be reduced manually. The best treatment for 3rd and 4th degree is surgery. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gold standard for all dental cements is referred to: | [
"ZOE cement",
"ZnPO4 cement",
"Ca(OH)2 cement",
"Silicate cement"
] | B | Around 1879, zinc phosphate cement was introduced and although the formulation has been refined during more than a century of use, it is a luting agent that has consistently been successful in clinical practice and even today is still considered the “gold” standard. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Standard test for syphilis | [
"VDRL",
"FTA-Abs",
"TPI",
"TPHA"
] | A | Ans. a (VDRL) (Ref. Ananthanarayan Microbiology 7th ed., Fig. 36.2, p. 381)Diagnosis of SYPHILIS# Detection of abs in CSF by FTA-Abs is most specific test for neurosyphilis.# Treponemal ab tests (FTA-Abs, MHATP) measures abs reactive with T. pallidum.Serological Tests for SxphilisThese tests form the mainstay of labora... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gastric lavage is contraindicated in poisoning by - | [
"Kerosene",
"Morphine",
"Barbiturates",
"Cyanide"
] | A | Ans is 'a' ie., Kerosene o Gastric lavage is contraindicated in poisoning by pure petroleum distillate eg kerosene, turpentine,o Gastric lavage is indicated for: 1) camphorated hydrocarbons b) halogenated hydrocarbons eg organochlorides, methyl chloride, fluorocarbons 3) aromatic hydrocarbons eg benzene, toluene, xylen... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Half–life of lithium is: | [
"8 hours",
"16 hours",
"24 hours",
"36 hours"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Splenectomy is indicated in: | [
"Sickle cell anaemia",
"Hereditary spherocytosis",
"Haemoglobin c disease",
"Hodgkins lymphoma"
] | B | Ans: b | train | med_mcqa | null |
Classification of staphylococcus is based on - | [
"Catalase test",
"Coagulase test",
"Mannitol fermentation",
"Optochin sensitivity"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Coagulase test * Medically important staphylococci that causing human disease are divided into two groups1. Coagulase positive: Staphylococcus aureus.2. Coagulase negative: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not compatible with ageing? | [
"Decrease cross linkage",
"Decrease superoxide dismutase",
"Increase accumulation free radicals",
"Accumulated mutations in somatic cell"
] | A | . | train | med_mcqa | null |
Average reproductive lifespan of ovum is | [
"6-12 hrs",
"12-24 hrs",
"24-36 hrs",
"3 days"
] | B | The egg cell, or ovum, is the female reproductive cell (gamete) in oogamous organisms. The egg cell is typically not capable of active movement, and average reproductive lifespan is about 12-24 hrs .it is much larger (visible to the naked eye) than the motile sperm cells. When egg and sperm fuse, a diploid cell (the zy... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In which of the following laboratory tests would you expect to find the greatest disparity in reference intervals between men and (non-pregnant) women? | [
"Mean corpuscular volume",
"Serum alkaline phosphatase",
"Serum ferritin",
"Serum glucose"
] | C | Men have higher reference intervals than women in tests related to iron and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in blood. The normal reference interval for Hb concentration in women is lower (12.0-16.0 gm/dL) than that for men (13.5-17.5 gm/dL) due to lower serum testosterone levels (testosterone is higher in men and stimula... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Female homosexualism is called | [
"Sodomy",
"Bestiality",
"Fellatio",
"Tribadism"
] | D | Female homosexualism is called lesbianism or tribadism. Sexual gratification is obtained by a woman by sexual contact with another woman. Acts like simple kissing, general body contact, deep kissing, manual manipulation of breast and genitalia, genital apposition, licking of genitals, and mutual sexual stimulation by u... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In orthodontic treatment, in order to avoid injuries to the
tissues, the forces applied generally should not exceed: | [
"Capillary blood pressure",
"Diastolic arterial blood pressure",
"Masticatory forces",
"Systolic arterial blood pressure"
] | A | It has been stated by Oppenheim and Schwarz, a result of their experiments, that optimum orthodontic force would be equivalent to the capillary pulse pressure or 20–26 g/cm2 of root surface.
With this light force, tooth movement would be by direct osteoclastic activity in the area of greatest pressure; undermining res... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most common sequelae of tuberculous spondylitis in an adolescent is: | [
"Fibrous ankylosis",
"Bony-ankylosis",
"Pathological dislocation",
"Chronic osteomyelitis"
] | B | (b)- The usual outcome of healed tuberculosis in spine is the bony ankylosis and in peripheral joints like Hip and Knee Fibrous ankylosis is seen. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following are Unresectable criteria for Cancer pancreas in CT scan? | [
"Metastatic deposits in vertebra",
"Invasion of duodenum",
"Irregular increase in fat density of omentum",
"All the above"
] | D | Ans. (d) All the aboveRef: NCCN Guidelines 2017CECT Scan Criteria of unrespectability in cancer Head of Pancreas:* Tumor contact with SMA >180 degrees* Tumor contact with Coeliac Artery >180 degrees* Tumor contact with 1st jejunal Branch of SMA* Unreconstructable SMV/PV due to tumor Involvement or Occlusion (Due to tum... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Electric altemans is seen in: | [
"Cardiac tamponade",
"Restrictive cardiomyopathy",
"Constructive pericarditis",
"Right Ventricular MI (RVMI)"
] | A | Answer is A (Cardiac tamponade) Electrical alternans refers to a beat-to-beat alteration in one or more components of the ECG signal. Total electrical alternans (P-QRS-T) with sinus tachycardia is a relatively specific sign for pericardial effusion, often with cardiac tamponade. Feature Cardiac Tamponade Constrictive P... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 24 years old female has flaccid bullae in the skin and oral erosions. Histopathology shows intraepidermal acantholytic blister. The most likely diagnosis is : | [
"Pemphigoid.",
"Erythema multiforme.",
"Pemphigus vulgaris.",
"Dermatitis herpetiformis."
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e. pemphigus vulgaris Bullae involving oral mucosa with intraepidermal lesions & acantholysis is characteristic of pemphigus.Here is a D/d of commonly asked vesico bullous disordersVesiculobullous disordersINFECTIOUSHerpes SimplexCluster of vesicles usually on face*Painful*Recurrent*Two types-Type I -Seen... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bullous impetigo is caused by ? | [
"Streptococcus",
"Staphylococcus",
"Staphylococcus",
"Y. Pestis"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Staphylococcus Impetigo Impetigo is a highly contagious, Gram-positive bacterial infection of superficial layer of epidermis. Impetigo occurs in Two forms : ? 1. Non - bullous impetigo (Impetigo contagiosa) It is the most common bacterial infection of children (occurs mainly in children in contrast to... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a cause of hemoptysis | [
"Pneumonia",
"Bronchiectasis",
"Empyema",
"Mitral stenosis"
] | C | Empyema is collection of pus in pleural space which is characterised by severe pleuritic pain or persisting or recurrent pyrexia.Other features include rigor,sweating,malaise and weight loss.Usually there is no hemoptysis. Pneumococcal pneumonia often causes rusty coloured sputum.Bronchiectasis and intracavitary myceto... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The angle of anteflexion occurs at the level of: | [
"Internal os",
"External os",
"Upper vagina",
"Cervix"
] | A | Ref: Shaw's textbook of gynaecology, 15th ed. pg :8Explanation:The body of I he uterus is bent forwards on the cervix approximately at the level of internal os.This forward inclination of the uterus on the cervix constitutes ante flexion. | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about miliary tuberculosis: | [
"Occurs following primary reactivation",
"Occurs following secondary reactivation",
"Commonly affects liver, kidney and spleen",
"Both 1 and 2"
] | D | Systemic miliary tuberculosis ensues when the organisms disseminate hematogenously throughout the body. Systemic miliary tuberculosis is most prominent in the liver, bone marrow, spleen, adrenal glands, meninges, kidneys, fallopian tubes, and epididymis. Both progressive primary tuberculosis and secondary tuberculosis ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Extensive Ileal resection can cause all the following EXCEPT: | [
"Pancreatic Hypersecretion",
"Calcium oxalate calculi",
"Lactic acidosis",
"Macrocytic Anemia"
] | A | Pancreatic Hypersecretion REF: Bailey & love 25th edition page 229, Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 18th ed chapter 48 "Extensive Ileal resection causes Gastric Hypersecretion, not pancreatic hypersecretion" Complications of sho bowel syndrome include peptic ulceration related to gastric hypersecretion, cholelithiasis be... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 70-year-old patient with epistaxis, on examination BP 200/100 mm Hg, no active nasal bleeding noted. Next step of management is: | [
"Observation with BP management",
"Internal maxillary artery ligation",
"Anterior and posterior nasal pack",
"Anterior nasal pack"
] | A | (a) Observation with BP management(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 682)Since no active bleed at present so here the main management should aim at lowering of BP. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following is not a Nerve gas - | [
"Sarin",
"Tabun",
"Soman",
"Pyrolan"
] | D | Sarin, Soman, and Tabun are organophosphate nerve agents while Pyrolan is a carbamate. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Under the RNTCP, for diagnosis of MDR TB, currently drug sensitivity testing is done for: | [
"Rifampicin",
"Rifampicin, Isoniazide",
"Rifampicin, Isoniazide and Ethambutol",
"Rifampicin, Isoniazide and Pyrazinamide"
] | C | Presently conventional solid egg-based Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) media will be used for primary culture at the RNTCP accredited laboratory. DST will be performed for streptomycin (S), isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R) and ethambutol (E) only. Pyrazinamide (Z) sensitivity testing may be included at a later period of DOTS-Plus ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not true about "Laplace Law"? | [
"T=Pr/W",
"P=2T/r",
"P=T/r",
"P=T/w"
] | D | This law states that tension in the wall of a cylinder (T) is equal to the product of the transmural pressure (P) and the radius (r) divided by the wall thickness (w): T = Pr/w In a thin-walled viscus, w is very small and it too can be ignored, but it becomes a significant factor in vessels such as aeries. Therefore, i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Excessive production of aldosterone results in: | [
"Metabolic acidosis",
"Severe hypotension",
"Potassium retention",
"Depressed plasma renin"
] | D | Ans. (d) Depressed plasma renin(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.362)Primary Hyperaldosteronism is characterized by suppression of renin levels because of ECF volume expansion | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is true of ivermectin? | [
"It is the most effective drug for strongyloidosis",
"It is the drug of choice for onchocerciasis",
"it can be used to treat swcabies",
"All of the above"
] | D | (Ref: KDT 6/e p686) Ivermectin is the drug of choice for onchocerciasis (river blindness) and strongyloidosis. It is also effective against other filarial worms It can also be used orally for the treatment of scabies and pediculosis DEC us contraindicated in onchocerciasis | train | med_mcqa | null |
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