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A cloning vector is a small piece of DNA that can be stably maintained in an organism, and into which a foreign DNA fragment can be inserted for cloning purposes. [ 1 ] The cloning vector may be DNA taken from a virus , the cell of a higher organism, or it may be the plasmid of a bacterium. The vector contains features... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloning_vector |
A clonogenic assay is a cell biology technique for studying the effectiveness of specific agents on the survival and proliferation of cells. It is frequently used in cancer research laboratories to determine the effect of drugs or radiation on proliferating tumor cells [ 1 ] as well as for titration of Cell-killing Par... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clonogenic_assay |
A close-ratio transmission describes a motor vehicle transmission with a smaller than average difference between the gear ratios . They are most often used on sports cars in order to keep the engine in the power band .
A close-ratio transmission is one which is described relative to another transmission for the same v... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Close-ratio_transmission |
In atomic physics , close coupling is a quantum mechanics method to calculate the multi-electronic atomic and molecular structure from fine structure to hyperfine structure levels and dynamic processes including photoionization , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] collisional excitation and ionization as well as autoionization and their inve... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Close_coupling |
In mathematics , an expression or equation is in closed form if it is formed with constants , variables , and a set of functions considered as basic and connected by arithmetic operations ( +, −, ×, / , and integer powers ) and function composition . Commonly, the basic functions that are allowed in closed forms are n ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed-form_expression |
Closed ecological systems or contained ecological systems ( CES ) are ecosystems that do not rely on matter exchange with any part outside the system.
The term is most often used to describe small, man-made ecosystems. Such systems can potentially serve as a life-support system or space habitats . [ 1 ]
In a closed e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_ecological_system |
In differential geometry and dynamical systems , a closed geodesic on a Riemannian manifold is a geodesic that returns to its starting point with the same tangent direction. It may be formalized as the projection of a closed orbit of the geodesic flow on the tangent space of the manifold.
In a Riemannian manifold ( M ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_geodesic |
A closed platform , walled garden , or closed ecosystem [ 1 ] [ 2 ] is a software system wherein the carrier or service provider has control over applications , content , and/or media , and restricts convenient access to non-approved applicants or content. This is in contrast to an open platform , wherein consumers gen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_platform |
A closed system is a natural physical system that does not allow transfer of matter in or out of the system, although – in the contexts of physics , chemistry , engineering , etc. – the transfer of energy (e.g. as work or heat) is allowed.
In nonrelativistic classical mechanics , a closed system is a physical system t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_system |
The terms closed system and open system have long been defined in the widely (and long before any sort of amplifier was invented) established subject of thermodynamics , in terms that have nothing to do with the concepts of feedback and feedforward . The terms 'feedforward' and 'feedback' arose first in the 1920s in th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_system_(control_theory) |
Closed User group (CUG) is a supplementary service provided by the mobile operators to mobile subscribers who can make and receive calls from any member associated within the group. This service is applicable for SMS also. There will be administrative owner who will be responsible for invoicing . Irrespective of this a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_user_group |
In mathematics, a subset of a given set is closed under an operation on the larger set if performing that operation on members of the subset always produces a member of that subset. For example, the natural numbers are closed under addition, but not under subtraction: 1 − 2 is not a natural number, although both 1 and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closure_(mathematics) |
In coastal and environmental engineering , the closure of tidal inlets entails the deliberate prevention of the entry of seawater into inland areas through the use of fill material and the construction of barriers. The aim of such closures is usually to safeguard inland regions from flooding , thereby protecting ecolog... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closure_of_tidal_inlets |
In mathematics , a closure operator on a set S is a function cl : P ( S ) → P ( S ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {cl} :{\mathcal {P}}(S)\rightarrow {\mathcal {P}}(S)} from the power set of S to itself that satisfies the following conditions for all sets X , Y ⊆ S {\displaystyle X,Y\subseteq S}
Closure operators are de... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closure_operator |
In radiometric dating , closure temperature or blocking temperature refers to the temperature of a system, such as a mineral , at the time given by its radiometric date. In physical terms, the closure temperature is the temperature at which a system has cooled so that there is no longer any significant diffusion of the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closure_temperature |
Closure with a twist is a property of subsets of an algebraic structure . A subset Y {\displaystyle Y} of an algebraic structure X {\displaystyle X} is said to exhibit closure with a twist if for every two elements
there exists an automorphism ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } of X {\displaystyle X} and an element y 3 ∈ Y {\di... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closure_with_a_twist |
A cloth filter is a simple and cost-effective appropriate technology method for reducing the contamination of drinking water, developed for use mainly in Bangladesh . Water collected in this way has a greatly reduced pathogen count. Though not always perfectly safe, it is an improvement for poor people with limited opt... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloth_filter |
A clothes dryer ( tumble dryer , drying machine , drying device , or simply dryer ) is a powered household appliance that is used to remove moisture from a load of clothing, bedding and other textiles , usually after they are washed in the washing machine .
Many dryers consist of a rotating drum called a "tumbler" thr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clothes_dryer |
Clothing physiology is a branch of science that studies the interaction between clothing and the human body , with a particular focus on how clothing affects the physiological and psychological responses of individuals to different environmental conditions. The goal of clothing physiology research is to develop a bette... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clothing_physiology |
Clothing technology describes advances in production methods, material developments, and the incorporation of smart technologies into textiles and clothes. The clothing industry has expanded throughout time, reflecting advances not just in apparel manufacturing and distribution, but also in textile functionality and e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clothing_technology |
The following is a comparison of cloud-computing software and providers.
PaaS providers which can run on IaaS providers ("itself" means the provider is both PaaS and IaaS): | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud-computing_comparison |
cloud-init is a software tool developed by Canonical . It is used for doing the initial setup of virtual machines in cloud computing. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
This software article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud-init |
CloudForge was a software-as-a-service product for application development tools and services, such as Git hosting, Subversion (SVN) hosting, issue trackers and Application Lifecycle Management . CloudForge was built on CollabNet ’s cloud hosting and integration platform, acquired from Codesion.com in October 2010. [ 2... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CloudForge |
CloudSight, Inc. is a Los Angeles , California–based technology company that specializes in captioning and understanding images using AI.
CloudSight was founded in 2012 by Dominik Mazur and Bradford Folkens. It was previously known as Image Searcher, Inc. and then CamFind , Inc., respectively. In 2016, the company was... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CloudSight |
Onia
A cloud chamber , also known as a Wilson chamber , is a particle detector used for visualizing the passage of ionizing radiation .
A cloud chamber consists of a sealed environment containing a supersaturated vapor of water or alcohol . An energetic charged particle (for example, an alpha or beta particle ) inter... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_chamber |
Cloud computing enables users to access scalable and on-demand computing resources via the internet, utilizing hardware and software virtualization. It is a rapidly evolving technology capable of delivering extensible services efficiently, supporting a wide range of applications from personal storage solutions to enter... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing_issues |
In liquids, the cloud point is the temperature below which a transparent solution undergoes either a liquid-liquid phase separation to form an emulsion or a liquid-solid phase transition to form either a stable sol or a suspension that settles as precipitate . The cloud point is analogous to the ' dew point ' at which... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_point |
Cloudbleed was a Cloudflare buffer overflow disclosed by Project Zero on February 17, 2017. Cloudflare's code disclosed the contents of memory that contained the private information of other customers, such as HTTP cookies , authentication tokens , HTTP POST bodies, and other sensitive data. [ 1 ] As a result, data fro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloudbleed |
Clownfishes or anemonefishes are saltwater fishes in the genus Amphiprion within the subfamily Amphiprioninae . They are classified as damselfish within the family Pomacentridae . Clownfishes are found in the warm and tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific , inhabiting mainly coral reefs . They have a distinctive colourat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clownfish |
Cloxacillin is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of several bacterial infections . [ 1 ] This includes impetigo , cellulitis , pneumonia , septic arthritis , and otitis externa . [ 1 ] It is not effective for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). [ 2 ] It can be used by mouth and by injection. [ 1 ]
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloxacillin |
Clozapine N -oxide (CNO) is a synthetic drug used mainly in biomedical research as a ligand to activate Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs) , [ 1 ] despite the initial belief that it was biologically inert. However, it has been shown to not enter the brain after administration [ 2 ] and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clozapine_N-oxide |
Based in Brazil , Clube do Hardware (meaning "Hardware Club" in Brazilian Portuguese) is one of the largest websites about computers in South America and also one of the biggest in the world. According to Alexa , as of 2018, Clube do Hardware is the 185th most accessed website in Brazil. [ 1 ]
Clube do Hardware publis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clube_do_Hardware |
In mathematics , and particularly in axiomatic set theory , ♣ S ( clubsuit ) is a family of combinatorial principles that are a weaker version of the corresponding ◊ S ; it was introduced in 1975 by Adam Ostaszewski. [ 1 ]
For a given cardinal number κ {\displaystyle \kappa } and a stationary set S ⊆ κ {\displaystyle ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clubsuit |
Clumped isotopes are heavy isotopes that are bonded to other heavy isotopes. The relative abundance of clumped isotopes (and multiply-substituted isotopologues ) in molecules such as methane , nitrous oxide , and carbonate is an area of active investigation. [ 1 ] The carbonate clumped-isotope thermometer, or " 13 C– 1... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clumped_isotopes |
Clumping is a behavior in an organism , usually sessile , in which individuals of a particular species group close to one another for beneficial purposes. Clumping can be caused by the abiotic environment surrounding an organism. Barnacles , for example, group together on rocks that are exposed for the least amount of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clumping_(biology) |
A cluster-aware application is a software application designed to call cluster APIs in order to determine its running state, in case a manual failover is triggered between cluster nodes for planned technical maintenance, or an automatic failover is required, if a computing cluster node encounters hardware or software f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster-aware_application |
The cluster-expansion approach is a technique in quantum mechanics that systematically truncates the BBGKY hierarchy problem that arises when quantum dynamics of interacting systems is solved. This method is well suited for producing a closed set of numerically computable equations that can be applied to analyze a grea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster-expansion_approach |
Cluster decay , also named heavy particle radioactivity , heavy ion radioactivity or heavy cluster decay , [ 1 ] is a rare type of nuclear decay in which an atomic nucleus emits a small "cluster" of neutrons and protons , more than in an alpha particle , but less than a typical binary fission fragment . Ternary fission... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_decay |
In statistical mechanics , the cluster expansion (also called the high temperature expansion or hopping expansion ) is a power series expansion of the partition function of a statistical field theory around a model that is a union of non-interacting 0-dimensional field theories. Unlike the usual perturbation expansion ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_expansion |
In graph theory , a clustering coefficient is a measure of the degree to which nodes in a graph tend to cluster together. Evidence suggests that in most real-world networks, and in particular social networks , nodes tend to create tightly knit groups characterised by a relatively high density of ties; this likelihood t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clustering_coefficient |
In topology , a branch of mathematics, the clutching construction is a way of constructing fiber bundles, particularly vector bundles on spheres.
Consider the sphere S n {\displaystyle S^{n}} as the union of the upper and lower hemispheres D + n {\displaystyle D_{+}^{n}} and D − n {\displaystyle D_{-}^{n}} along their... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutching_construction |
Clyde Broadcast is a brand associated with the manufacture and supply of studio equipment for the radio broadcast industry. The name dates back to 'Clyde Electronics' who manufactured a series of analog mixers known as Alpha, Beta, Prima and Presenter.
In 1997 Clyde Broadcast Products Limited was formed as a UK-based ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clyde_Broadcast |
In the pre-modern chemistry of Paracelsus , a clyssus , or clissus , was one of the effects, or productions of that art; consisting of the most efficacious principles of any body, extracted, purified, and then remixed.
Or, a clyssus is when the several constituents of a body are prepared and purified separately, and t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clyssus |
Curium hydroxide Cm(OH) 3 is a radioactive compound first discovered in measurable quantities in 1947. It is composed of a single curium atom and three hydroxy groups . It was the first curium compound ever isolated. [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
Curium hydroxide is an anhydrous colorless [ 2 ] or light-yellow [ 5 ] amorphous gelatinou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cm(OH)3 |
Curium sesquioxide
Curium(III) oxide is a compound composed of curium and oxygen with the chemical formula Cm 2 O 3 . It is a crystalline solid with a unit cell that contains two curium atoms and three oxygen atoms. The simplest synthesis equation involves the reaction of curium(III) metal with O 2− : 2 Cm 3+ + 3 O 2−... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cm2O3 |
Curium(III) fluoride or curium trifluoride is the chemical compound composed of curium and fluorine with the formula CmF 3 . [ 3 ] It is a white, nearly insoluble salt that has the same crystal structure as LaF 3 . It precipitates as a hydrate when fluoride ions are added to a weakly acidic Cm(III) solution; alternativ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CmF3 |
Cn3D is a Windows, Macintosh and Unix-based software from the United States National Library of Medicine that acts as a helper application for web browsers to view three-dimensional structures from The National Center for Biotechnology Information 's Entrez retrieval service. [ 1 ] It "simultaneously displays structure... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cn3D |
In fluid dynamics , a cnoidal wave is a nonlinear and exact periodic wave solution of the Korteweg–de Vries equation . These solutions are in terms of the Jacobi elliptic function cn , which is why they are coined cn oidal waves. They are used to describe surface gravity waves of fairly long wavelength , as compared to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cnoidal_wave |
iron chlorate
Cobalt(II) chlorate is a chemical compound with the formula Co(ClO 3 ) 2 . It is an oxidant , as are all chlorates.
Cobalt(II) chlorate is formed by a double displacement reaction between cobalt(II) sulfate and barium chlorate , barium sulfate precipitates and cobalt chlorate can be crystallized out of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co(ClO3)2 |
Cobalt nitrate is the inorganic compound with the formula Co (NO 3 ) 2 . xH 2 O. It is a cobalt (II) salt . The most common form is the hexahydrate Co(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, which is a red-brown deliquescent salt that is soluble in water and other polar solvents. [ 2 ]
As well as the anhydrous compound Co(NO 3 ) 2 , sever... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co(NO3)2 |
In biology , co-adaptation is the process by which two or more species, genes or phenotypic traits undergo adaptation as a pair or group. This occurs when two or more interacting characteristics undergo natural selection together in response to the same selective pressure or when selective pressures alter one character... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-adaptation |
A co-carcinogen is a chemical that promotes the effects of a carcinogen in the production of cancer . Usually, the term is used to refer to chemicals that are not carcinogenic on their own, such that an equivalent amount of the chemical is insufficient to initiate carcinogenesis . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A chemical can be co-carc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-carcinogen |
A co-receptor is a cell surface receptor that binds a signalling molecule in addition to a primary receptor in order to facilitate ligand recognition and initiate biological processes, such as entry of a pathogen into a host cell.
The term co-receptor is prominent in literature regarding signal transduction , the proc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-receptor |
Co-stimulation is a secondary signal which immune cells rely on to activate an immune response in the presence of an antigen -presenting cell. [ 1 ] In the case of T cells, two stimuli are required to fully activate their immune response. During the activation of lymphocytes , co-stimulation is often crucial to the dev... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-stimulation |
Cobalt(III) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula of Co 2 O 3 . Although only two oxides of cobalt are well characterized, CoO and Co 3 O 4 , [ 4 ] procedures claiming to give Co 2 O 3 have been described. Thus treatment of Co(II) salts such as cobalt(II) sulfate with an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlori... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co2O3 |
Dicobalt silicide ( Co 2 Si ) is an intermetallic compound , a silicide of cobalt . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co2Si |
Methylidynetricobaltnonacarbonyl is an organometallic cobalt cluster with the chemical formula Co 3 (CO) 9 CH that contains a metal carbonyl core with the methylidyne ligand, first discovered in the late 1950s. A variety of substituents can be added to the methylidyne group to form derivatives of the parent compound th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co3(CO)9(CH) |
CoO.Co 2 O 3
Cobalt(II,III) oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Co 3 O 4 . It is one of two well characterized cobalt oxides . It is a black antiferromagnetic solid. As a mixed valence compound , its formula is sometimes written as Co II Co III 2 O 4 and sometimes as CoO•Co 2 O 3 . [ 4 ]
Co 3 O 4 adopts t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co3O4 |
Tetracobalt dodecacarbonyl is the chemical compound with the formula Co 4 (CO) 12 . It is a black crystalline compound that is insoluble in water and easily oxidized by air. It is an example of a metal carbonyl cluster .
This compound is synthesized by decarbonylation of Co 2 (CO) 8 .
The molecule consists of a tetra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co4(CO)12 |
Cobalt(II) bromide (CoBr 2 ) is an inorganic compound. In its anhydrous form, it is a green solid that is soluble in water, used primarily as a catalyst in some processes.
When anhydrous , cobalt(II) bromide appears as green crystals. It is hygroscopic and eventually forms the hexahydrate in air, [ 1 ] which appears a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoBr2 |
CoCalc (formerly called SageMathCloud ) is a web-based cloud computing ( SaaS ) and course management platform for computational mathematics . It supports editing of Sage worksheets, LaTeX documents and Jupyter notebooks. CoCalc runs an Ubuntu Linux environment that can be interacted with through a terminal, additional... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoCalc |
Cobalt(II) chloride is an inorganic compound , a salt of cobalt and chlorine , with the formula CoCl 2 . The compound forms several hydrates CoCl 2 · n H 2 O , for n = 1, 2, 6, and 9. Claims of the formation of tri- and tetrahydrates have not been confirmed. [ 4 ] The anhydrous form is a blue crystalline solid; the dih... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoCl2 |
Cobalt(III) chloride or cobaltic chloride is an unstable and elusive compound of cobalt and chlorine with formula CoCl 3 . In this compound, the cobalt atoms have a formal charge of +3. [ 1 ]
The compound has been reported to exist in the gas phase at high temperatures, in equilibrium with cobalt(II) chloride and chlo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoCl3 |
CoDel ( Controlled Delay ; pronounced " coddle ") is an active queue management (AQM) algorithm in network routing , developed by Van Jacobson and Kathleen Nichols and published as RFC8289. [ 1 ] It is designed to overcome bufferbloat in networking hardware , such as routers , by setting limits on the delay network pac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoDel |
Cobalt(II) fluoride is a chemical compound with the formula (CoF 2 ). It is a pink crystalline solid compound [ 1 ] [ 2 ] which is antiferromagnetic at low temperatures (T N =37.7 K) [ 3 ] The formula is given for both the red tetragonal crystal, (CoF 2 ), and the tetrahydrate red orthogonal crystal, (CoF 2 ·4H 2 O). C... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoF2 |
Cobalt(III) fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula CoF 3 . Hydrates are also known. The anhydrous compound is a hygroscopic brown solid. It is used to synthesize organofluorine compounds. [ 1 ]
The related cobalt(III) chloride is also known but is extremely unstable. [ 2 ] Cobalt(III) bromide and cobalt(... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoF3 |
Cobalt(II) iodide or cobaltous iodide are the inorganic compounds with the formula Co I 2 and the hexahydrate CoI 2 (H 2 O) 6 . These salts are the principal iodides of cobalt. [ 2 ]
Cobalt(II) iodide is prepared by treating cobalt powder with gaseous hydrogen iodide . [ 2 ] The hydrated form CoI 2 .6H 2 O can be pre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoI2 |
Cobalt(II) sulfate is any of the inorganic compounds with the formula CoSO 4 (H 2 O) x . Usually cobalt sulfate refers to the hexa- or heptahydrates CoSO 4 . 6H 2 O or CoSO 4 . 7H 2 O, respectively. [ 1 ] The heptahydrate is a red solid that is soluble in water and methanol . Since cobalt(II) has an odd number of elec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoO4S |
Cobalt phosphate is the inorganic compound with the formula Co 3 (PO 4 ) 2 . It is a commercial inorganic pigment known as cobalt violet. [ 2 ] Thin films of this material are water oxidation catalysts . [ 3 ]
The tetrahydrate Co 3 (PO 4 ) 2 •4H 2 O precipitates as a solid upon mixing aqueous solutions of cobalt(II) ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoPO4 |
The CoRR hypothesis states that the location of genetic information in cytoplasmic organelles permits regulation of its expression by the reduction-oxidation (" redox ") state of its gene products .
CoRR is short for "co-location for redox regulation", itself a shortened form of "co-location (of gene and gene product)... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoRR_hypothesis |
CoRoT (French: Co nvection, Ro tation et T ransits planétaires ; English: Co nvection, Ro tation and planetary T ransits) was a space telescope mission which operated from 2006 to 2013. The mission's two objectives were to search for extrasolar planets with short orbital periods, particularly those of large terrestrial... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoRoT |
Cobalt(II) sulfate is any of the inorganic compounds with the formula CoSO 4 (H 2 O) x . Usually cobalt sulfate refers to the hexa- or heptahydrates CoSO 4 . 6H 2 O or CoSO 4 . 7H 2 O, respectively. [ 1 ] The heptahydrate is a red solid that is soluble in water and methanol . Since cobalt(II) has an odd number of elec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoSO4 |
Trogtalite is a rare selenide mineral with the formula Co Se 2. It crystallizes in the cubic system and is part of the pyrite group, consisting of Co 2+ and Se 2 2− ions. It has a rose-violet colour and its crystals are opaque. [ 2 ] It often occurs as grains. It was thought to be dimorphous with hastite, but this was ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoSe2 |
Cobalt disilicide ( CoSi 2 ) is an intermetallic compound , a silicide of cobalt . It is a superconductor with a transition temperature of around 1.4 K [ 5 ] and a critical field of 105 Oe. [ 6 ] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoSi2 |
CoWord is a software add-on to Microsoft Word to enable multiple users to edit the same document over the Internet with MS Word . It is a part of the CoOffice suite of collaboration tools for Microsoft Office .
CoWord can be considered as a collaborative real-time editor , with the editor being MS Word (which is not d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoWord |
In mathematics , a function f is cofunction of a function g if f ( A ) = g ( B ) whenever A and B are complementary angles (pairs that sum to one right angle). [ 1 ] This definition typically applies to trigonometric functions . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The prefix "co-" can be found already in Edmund Gunter 's Canon triangulorum (1... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co_(function_prefix) |
Coacervate ( / k oʊ ə ˈ s ɜːr v ə t / or / k oʊ ˈ æ s ər v eɪ t / ) is an aqueous phase rich in macromolecules such as synthetic polymers , proteins or nucleic acids . It forms through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) , leading to a dense phase in thermodynamic equilibrium with a dilute phase. The dispersed drople... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coacervate |
A coactivator is a type of transcriptional coregulator that binds to an activator (a transcription factor ) to increase the rate of transcription of a gene or set of genes. [ 1 ] The activator contains a DNA binding domain that binds either to a DNA promoter site or a specific DNA regulatory sequence called an enhancer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coactivator_(genetics) |
Coagulase is a protein enzyme produced by several microorganisms that enables the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin . In the laboratory , it is used to distinguish between different types of Staphylococcus isolates. Importantly, S. aureus is generally coagulase-positive, meaning that a positive coagulase test would i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulase |
In water treatment , coagulation and flocculation involve the addition of compounds that promote the clumping of fine floc into larger floc so that they can be more easily separated from the water. Coagulation is a chemical process that involves neutralization of charge whereas flocculation is a physical process and do... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation_(water_treatment) |
Coagulative necrosis is a type of accidental cell death typically caused by ischemia or infarction . In coagulative necrosis, the architectures of dead tissue are preserved for at least a couple of days. [ 1 ] It is believed that the injury denatures structural proteins as well as lysosomal enzymes, thus blocking the p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulative_necrosis |
Coal analysis techniques are specific analytical methods designed to measure the particular physical and chemical properties of coals . These methods are used primarily to determine the suitability of coal for coking , power generation or for iron ore smelting in the manufacture of steel .
Coal comes in four main type... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_analysis |
Coal gas is a flammable gaseous fuel made from coal and supplied to the user via a piped distribution system. It is produced when coal is heated strongly in the absence of air. Town gas is a more general term referring to manufactured gaseous fuels produced for sale to consumers and municipalities. [ 1 ]
The original ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_gas |
In industrial chemistry , coal gasification is the process of producing syngas —a mixture consisting primarily of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen ( H 2 ), carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ), methane ( CH 4 ), and water vapour ( H 2 O )—from coal and water , air and/or oxygen.
Historically, coal was gasified to produce coal gas , ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_gasification |
Coal homogenization refers to the process of mixing coal to reduce the variance of the product supplied. This homogenization process is performed during the coal stockpiling operation. Although the terms blending and homogenization are often used interchangeably, there are differences, as the definitions show. The most... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_homogenization |
Coal liquefaction is a process of converting coal into liquid hydrocarbons: liquid fuels and petrochemicals . This process is often known as "coal to X" or "carbon to X", where X can be many different hydrocarbon-based products. However, the most common process chain is "coal to liquid fuels" (CTL). [ 1 ]
Coal liquefa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_liquefaction |
Coal oil is a shale oil obtained from the destructive distillation of cannel coal , mineral wax , or bituminous shale , once used widely for illumination. [ 1 ]
Chemically similar to the more refined, petroleum -derived kerosene , it consists mainly of several hydrocarbons of the alkane series, with 10 to 16 carbon at... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_oil |
Coal pollution mitigation is a series of systems and technologies that seek to mitigate health and environmental impact of burning coal for energy. Burning coal releases harmful substances that contribute to air pollution , acid rain , and greenhouse gas emissions. Mitigation includes precombustion approaches, such as ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_pollution_mitigation |
Coal slurry is a mixture of solids (mined coal or coal waste ) and liquids (water or organic) [ 1 ] produced by a coal preparation plant .
To transform the coal ash into a slurry , coal is separated from non-combustible components and can be fractionated by particle size as well. Coal slurry can be transferred by pipe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_slurry |
Coalbed methane ( CBM or coal-bed methane ), [ 1 ] coalbed gas , or coal seam gas ( CSG [ 1 ] ) is a form of natural gas extracted from coal beds. [ 2 ] In recent decades it has become an important source of energy in United States, Canada, Australia, and other countries.
The term refers to methane absorbed into the s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalbed_methane |
Coalbed methane extraction (CBM extraction) is a method for extracting methane from a coal deposit. Coal bed methane (CBM) is one of the factors restricting the safe production of coal in underground coal mines. It is also a form of high-quality energy that can be used in many fields such as power generation, heating, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalbed_methane_extraction |
In chemistry , coalescence is a process in which two phase domains of the same composition come together and form a larger phase domain. In other words, the process by which two or more separate masses of miscible substances
seem to "pull" each other together should they make the slightest
contact.
Disappearance of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalescence_(chemistry) |
In statistics, coalescence refers to the merging of independent probability density functions . It contrasts with the simpler, erroneous approach called conflation .
Conflation refers to the merging of independent probability density functions using simple multiplication of the constituent densities. [ 1 ] The Multipl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalescence_(statistics) |
Angiogenesis is the process of the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vascular structures, which is needed for oxygenation of - and providing nutrients to - expanding tissue. Angiogenesis takes place through different modes of action. Coalescent angiogenesis is a mode of angiogenesis where vessels coalesc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalescent_angiogenesis |
The Coalition for Deep Space Exploration is a United States space advocacy organization for space industry businesses and non-profit groups supporting continued government investment in space exploration .
Members: [ citation needed ]
Silver Members
Futuramic Tool and Engineering Jacobs Engineering [ 9 ] Moog Inc.
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalition_for_Deep_Space_Exploration |
The Coandă effect ( / ˈ k w ɑː n d ə / or / ˈ k w æ -/ ) is the tendency of a fluid jet to stay attached to a surface of any form. [ 1 ] Merriam-Webster describes it as "the tendency of a jet of fluid emerging from an orifice to follow an adjacent flat or curved surface and to entrain fluid from the surroundings so tha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coandă_effect |
In organic chemistry , a coarctate reaction is a concerted reaction whose transition state involves two rings , in which at least one atom undergoes the simultaneous making and breaking of two bonds . It is an uncommon reaction topology, compared with linear topology and pericyclic topology (itself subdivided into Hück... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coarctate_reaction |
Coarse-grained modeling , coarse-grained models , aim at simulating the behaviour of complex systems using their coarse-grained (simplified) representation. Coarse-grained models are widely used for molecular modeling of biomolecules [ 1 ] [ 2 ] at various granularity levels.
A wide range of coarse-grained models have... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coarse-grained_modeling |
Coarse bubble diffusers are a pollution control technology used to aerate and or mix wastewater for sewage treatment .
Coarse bubble diffusers produce 1/4 to 1/2 inch (6.4 to 13 mm) bubbles which rise rapidly from the floor of a wastewater treatment plant or sewage treatment plant tank. They are typically used in grit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coarse_bubble_diffusers |
In mathematics, coarse functions are functions that may appear to be continuous at a distance, but in reality are not necessarily continuous. [ 1 ] Although continuous functions are usually observed on a small scale, coarse functions are usually observed on a large scale. [ 1 ]
This geometry-related article is a stub ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coarse_function |
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