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1.02k
[ 1396, 944, 433, 1671, 255, 272, 818, 1629, 1893, 1879, 1270, 709, 317, 1668, 852, 1385, 1824, 1359, 350, 1298, 181, 450, 1087, 1294, 1291, 171, 1641, 140, 2029, 397, 1617, 1362, 57, 1308, 1716, 1310, 1945, 1481, 75, 1867, 435, 240, ...
[ [ 1, 5, 0, 6, 7, 6, 6, 11 ], [ 1, 2, 10, 2, 15, 12, 3, 12 ], [ 15, 6, 14, 1, 9, 10, 2, 14 ], [ 12, 9, 4, 13, 7, 14, 6, 2 ], [ 13, 11, 4, 14, 9, 2, ...
1,019
[ 335, 962, 776, 1580, 1075, 515, 224, 1529, 1573, 1547, 191, 1499, 910, 415, 1147, 138, 448, 1351, 1337, 1258, 1519, 634, 198, 841, 1031, 88, 441, 30, 1764, 1318, 1426, 1546, 86, 928, 1531, 1080, 1148, 278, 1270, 303, 704, 624, 573, ...
[ [ 11, 4, 13, 4, 3, 2, 0, 2 ], [ 3, 15, 11, 11, 2, 5, 0, 5 ], [ 9, 11, 1, 15, 9, 9, 15, 8 ], [ 10, 9, 14, 0, 10, 11, 0, 8 ], [ 8, 15, 12, 11, 11, 15,...
418
[ 1508, 1572, 1692, 211, 1006, 872, 1318, 1053, 584, 1569, 458, 877, 264, 1878, 648, 289, 299, 783, 1804, 1351, 133, 1948, 1341, 1206, 1679, 677, 992, 1556, 522, 181, 933, 1382, 480, 1100, 1322, 1375, 1050, 1110, 611, 1344, 363, 163, ...
[ [ 1, 9, 2, 8, 0, 10, 5, 4 ], [ 3, 8, 15, 1, 14, 6, 5, 9 ], [ 2, 12, 4, 3, 11, 1, 14, 13 ], [ 12, 10, 5, 6, 9, 10, 8, 12 ], [ 6, 4, 3, 10, 14, 6, ...
337
[ 1525, 2009, 1887, 1292, 195, 1550, 1153, 505, 1366, 776, 552, 180, 891, 804, 1967, 698, 895, 1385, 1922, 1469, 1813, 587, 124, 1279, 280, 1781, 372, 147, 1595, 1544, 1699, 467, 88, 836, 563, 351, 190, 361, 329, 671, 1597, 221, 1805,...
[ [ 7, 10, 10, 5, 12, 13, 12, 12 ], [ 0, 8, 0, 4, 1, 10, 15, 12 ], [ 2, 5, 5, 10, 5, 9, 8, 6 ], [ 3, 4, 7, 7, 6, 0, 7, 8 ], [ 9, 3, 3, 8, 15, 8, 4...
1,007
[ 346, 1745, 308, 1273, 39, 557, 1377, 1195, 2002, 95, 1642, 1465, 191, 1977, 1733, 1170, 886, 1670, 810, 1542, 181, 991, 915, 1347, 1796, 1807, 1738, 1952, 1035, 1173, 122, 374, 1576, 1842, 251, 153, 71, 525, 720, 417, 1792, 1790, 39...
[ [ 15, 4, 2, 11, 2, 0, 15, 5 ], [ 3, 11, 0, 3, 14, 13, 5, 11 ], [ 15, 0, 7, 0, 1, 2, 9, 6 ], [ 1, 12, 13, 1, 7, 15, 13, 6 ], [ 6, 4, 7, 12, 2, 2, ...
525
[ 832, 421, 517, 1768, 1828, 560, 1024, 1399, 187, 1914, 1219, 865, 1877, 287, 1459, 542, 1805, 1301, 495, 1567, 1334, 1198, 330, 1495, 271, 1426, 1765, 2040, 228, 900, 326, 1181, 1506, 1317, 217, 846, 3, 1631, 1625, 669, 1452, 768, 8...
[ [ 7, 10, 14, 7, 12, 5, 10, 0 ], [ 1, 1, 15, 14, 2, 8, 13, 15 ], [ 4, 11, 5, 0, 0, 5, 0, 2 ], [ 13, 3, 7, 12, 5, 4, 0, 11 ], [ 0, 8, 1, 0, 13, 2, ...
587
[ 1374, 1180, 890, 1741, 1229, 153, 1817, 527, 1399, 1713, 470, 124, 442, 960, 349, 1337, 1954, 836, 1848, 1183, 980, 1426, 913, 116, 301, 474, 684, 277, 1336, 1683, 1851, 1828, 1468, 1581, 1993, 73, 520, 345, 9, 1698, 532, 1519, 663,...
[ [ 11, 10, 7, 15, 0, 11, 6, 14 ], [ 5, 12, 1, 11, 7, 2, 0, 8 ], [ 6, 7, 7, 4, 10, 14, 10, 2 ], [ 1, 9, 0, 9, 5, 3, 0, 12 ], [ 5, 6, 10, 11, 0, 5, ...
602
[365,1992,1297,1146,903,897,157,1055,1773,983,998,764,738,1449,920,312,1013,509,338,1745,296,278,198(...TRUNCATED)
[[3,8,2,11,1,9,8,10],[8,12,5,10,0,4,9,14],[9,8,15,15,13,13,10,14],[6,1,0,15,14,3,7,6],[4,5,14,5,1,6,(...TRUNCATED)
85
[2037,1171,1065,1965,751,1726,1620,1569,1048,1787,1085,1560,726,524,755,1009,367,2021,1373,1151,865,(...TRUNCATED)
[[1,4,13,7,6,13,3,3],[12,5,3,11,14,5,10,8],[9,2,0,15,4,1,11,7],[6,7,7,15,10,12,4,2],[2,11,9,9,12,15,(...TRUNCATED)
634
[781,436,613,36,848,1102,142,1376,1494,1201,2013,649,1372,1878,695,1850,316,943,1609,1442,345,1942,4(...TRUNCATED)
[[0,4,12,0,3,1,1,14],[2,10,14,15,13,9,8,0],[1,4,12,1,6,15,12,14],[12,10,12,4,4,9,5,2],[3,4,3,4,1,0,2(...TRUNCATED)
241
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Keyed Recognition Memory

A benchmark for comparing a memory that recalls with one that recognises, as the number of stored items grows. Each sample stores N sequences of length 8 under N keys, N = 1, 2, 4, …, 1,024. A query names one key and gives a candidate: recall means producing that key's sequence; recognition means telling whether the candidate is it. It is the keyed version of irodkin/recognition-memory, which stores one sequence.

Subsets

N1_L8_V16, N2_L8_V16, N4_L8_V16, N8_L8_V16, N16_L8_V16, N32_L8_V16, N64_L8_V16, N128_L8_V16, N256_L8_V16, N512_L8_V16, N1024_L8_V16: N sequences of length 8 over 16 tokens, N = 1, 2, 4, …, 1,024. Splits: train 100,000 / validation 5,000 / test 10,000 samples.

Fields

field type description
keys uint16[N] N distinct key ids, drawn without replacement from 0..2047; their order is the storage order
sequences uint8[N][8] the sequence stored under each key; tokens i.i.d. uniform over 0..15, the N sequences of a sample distinct
query uint16 index (0..N-1) of the queried pair: the query key is keys[query], the true candidate sequences[query]
candidates uint8[8][8] validation and test only: 4 small edits of the true sequence, then 4 distant negatives (below)
num_changed uint16[8] validation and test only: positions where each candidate differs from the true sequence

The train split has no candidates: draw training negatives with the same process (below), fresh each time.

Negatives

  • Small edits (4 per query). One position chosen uniformly at random is always changed, and each of the other 7 positions with probability 1/7, so about 2 tokens change. A changed token gets a uniformly random different value.
  • Other keys (min(4, N−1) per query). The sequences stored under other keys of the same sample, chosen at random. They test whether the memory binds a sequence to its key; a memory that only knows which sequences it stored can't reject them.
  • Fresh (4 − min(4, N−1) per query, so only for N < 5). Uniformly random sequences that the sample does not store. With N = 1 all 4 distant negatives are fresh, with N = 2 three are, with N = 4 one is.

Evaluation protocol

  1. Give the memory the N (key, sequence) pairs, then the query key.
  2. Score the true sequence and each of its 8 candidates.
  3. Report on the test split:
    • acc9: the share of samples where the true sequence scores strictly highest among the 9. Ties for the top score count as 1/(number tied), so a constant score gives 1/9.
    • pairwise, separately for edits, other keys and fresh sequences: the share of (true, negative) pairs ranked correctly, ties counting 1/2.
    • For recall: the share of samples where greedy decoding reproduces the whole sequence.

Reproduction

Generated with generate_keyed.py (base seed 20261108) and checked with test_keyed.py; every chunk of 10k samples is seeded from (seed, N, length, vocabulary, key pool, split, chunk) and can be regenerated on its own.

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