text stringlengths 0 5.79k |
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</pre> |
===UDH with cystic changes=== |
<pre> |
A. Right Breast (570 grams), Reduction Mammoplasty: |
- Benign breast tissue with proliferative fibrocystic changes. |
- Benign skin. |
B. Left Breast (580 grams), Reduction Mammoplasty: |
- Breast tissue and skin within normal limits. |
</pre> |
Note: |
*"Proliferative fibrocystic changes" = UDH + [[fibrocystic changes]]. |
==See also== |
*[[Breast pathology]]. |
*[[Atypical ductal hyperplasia]]. |
==References== |
{{Reflist|2}} |
[[Category:Diagnosis]] |
[[Category:Breast pathology]] |
ee9b53a0ab6a681acfcf96a76fa18b94608c63d5ee9bd307e85b93c4ec5a764d librepath-florid-epithelial-hyperplasia.txt |
{{ Infobox diagnosis |
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
| Image = Anaplastic ganglioglioma HE.jpg |
| Width = |
| Caption = |
| Synonyms = |
| Micro = |
| Subtypes = |
| LMDDx = piloid gliosis, [[pilocytic astrocytoma]], [[DNT]] |
| Stains = PAS-D +ve (eosinophilic granular bodies) |
| IHC = GFAP +ve, Synapto +ve |
| EM = |
| Molecular = |
| IF = |
| Gross = usually temporal +/-cystic |
| Grossing = |
| Site = brain - usu. supratentorial |
| Assdx = |
| Syndromes = associated with epilepsy |
| Clinicalhx = |
| Signs = |
| Symptoms = |
| Prevalence = rare - esp. in children |
| Bloodwork = |
| Rads = |
| Endoscopy = |
| Prognosis = good (WHO Grade I) |
| Other = |
| ClinDDx = |
| Tx = |
}} |
Ganglioglioma is a epilepsy-associated glioneuronal tumour with benign course. '''Not''' to be confused with ''[[ganglioneuroma]]''. |
====General==== |
*Gangliolioma: Grade I WHO mixed neuronal-glial tumour (ICD-O code: 9505/1). |
*Anaplastic ganglioglioma: Grade III (ICD-O: 9505/3) |
*Rare (approx. 0.5% of all CNS tumors). |
*Usu. temporal lobe. |
*Predominantly children (mean age: 9 years). |
*Recognized as a cause of [[epilepsy]].<ref name=pmid12125968>{{Cite journal | last1 = Im | first1 = SH. | last2 = Chung | first2 = CK. | last3 = Cho | first3 = BK. | last4 = Lee | first4 = SK. | title = Supratentorial ganglioglioma and epilepsy: postoperative seizure outcome. | journal = J Neurooncol | volume = 57 | ... |
*Favourable prognosis (survival rates up to 97%) |
**Anaplastic ganglioglioma have a recurrence risk of 69%-100% and median OS: 27months<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Terrier | first1 = LM. | last2 = Bauchet | first2 = L. | last3 = Rigau | first3 = V. | last4 = Amelot | first4 = A. | last5 = Zouaoui | first5 = S. | last6 = Filipiak | first6 = I. | last7 = Caille | firs... |
==Imaging== |
*Well-defined, T2-hyperintense. |
*Strong CM enhancement. |
*May contain cysts. |
*Associated with temporal lobe. |
==Gross== |
*Circumscribed lesion. |
*Usu. contrast enhancing. |
*Solid, but intracortical cysts may be present. |
*Little mass effect. |
==Microscopic== |
====Microscopic==== |
Features: |
*Dysplastic neurons. |
**Out of regular architecture / heterotopic location. |
**Cytomegaly |
**Abnormal clustering |
**Binucleated (very occassionally). |
**Perimembranous Nissl aggreation. |
*Atypical glia (ie neoplastic). |
*Eosinophilic granular bodies (more common than rosenthal fibers). |
*Dystrophic calcification. |
*Prominent capillary network. |
*Lymphocytic cuffing. |
*May contain some reticulin. |
*Glial component may resemble: |
**Fibrillary astrocytoma. |
**Oligodendroglioma. |
**Pilocytic astrocytoma. |
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