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quantumcomputing/5b242c2a_1806.txt | In the event of an emergency, please remain calm and WALK to the nearest exits, located at several points throughout the building. Please refer to the Caesars Superdome map for exact locations. |
quantumcomputing/6cc11c87_4733.txt | State-of-the-art resource estimates have been added to existing templates: ResourceSelectPauliRot, ResourceQubitUnitary, ResourceSingleQubitComparator, ResourceTwoQubitComparator, ResourceIntegerComparator, ResourceRegisterComparator, ResourceUniformStatePrep, ResourceAliasSampling, ResourceQFT, ResourceAQFT, and Resou... |
quantumcomputing/4625_ebeb95a89c78f21f_46.txt | 4.1.1.2 Stack The stack is a data structure that is a special case of the list. With the stack, elements may be added to or removed from the top only. Adding an item to a stack is referred to as a push, and removing an item is referred to as a pop. In this scenario, the last item added must be the first one removed, w... |
quantumcomputing/21985_287971b0e2e2e18d_229.txt | ``` Xiaoping Chen and T. E. Simos A phase fitted FiniteDiffr process for DiffrntEqutns in chemistry . . . . . . . 1059--1090 Chia-Liang Lin and T. E. Simos A complete in phase FiniteDiffrnc algorithm for DiffrntEqutins in chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1091--1132 Dzevad Belki\'c Total cross sections in ... |
quantumcomputing/c9d570ce_117678.txt | - Articles with short description - Short description matches Wikidata - Use American English from April 2019 - All Wikipedia articles written in American English - Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images - Pages with French IPA |
quantumcomputing/21985_287971b0e2e2e18d_60.txt | ``` Anonymous Editorial Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . 1--1 Ramon Carbó-Dorca and Emili Besalú Extended Sobolev and Hilbert spaces and approximate stationary solutions for electronic systems within the non-linear Schrödinger equation . . . . . . . . . . 3--20 Emili Besalú and Leonel Vera On the optimal selection... |
quantumcomputing/2258_b393da4e2e72ed8a_32.txt | About probability What does the word probability mean? That’s a tough one. Scholars throughout history have named at least four interpretations of the notion of probability: • Frequentist: If X happens more often than Y, then X is more probable than Y • Classical: If the number of ways X can happen is more than the num... |
quantumcomputing/34011_97a166cde10c3127_40.txt | **Publisher** **Description:** Thermal Analysis of Polymeric Materials" systematically treats macroscopic measurements by thermal analysis and the quantitative link to microscopic, molecular structure and mobility. Reversible and irreversible thermodynamics, kinetics, quantum mechanics, and statistical thermodynamics a... |
quantumcomputing/4628_add6c66665defb95_243.txt | The architecture and system design concepts for a commercial satellite communications system planned for the 1990's has been developed. The system provides data communications between the individual users via trunking and customer premise service terminals utilizing a central switching satellite operating in a time-div... |
quantumcomputing/d71fb545_114490.txt | If the Bloch sphere is thought of as being embedded in R 3 displaystyle mathbb R 3 with its center at the origin and with radius one, then the plane z 0 (which intersects the Bloch sphere at a great circle; the sphere's equator, as it were) can be thought of as an Argand diagram . Plot point u in this plane ... |
quantumcomputing/22108_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_1413.txt | Dempster-Shafer evidence theory can express and deal with uncertain and imprecise information well, which satisfies the weaker condition than the Bayes probability theory. The traditional single basic probability assignment only considers the degree of the evidence support the subsets of the frame of discernment. In or... |
quantumcomputing/44116_afb95353be58d856_17.txt | Generalized quantum measurements allow for realizing tasks beyond conventional measurement paradigms. Among different generalized quantum measurements, the optimal inconclusive measurement (OIM) is a non-projective quantum measurement that generalizes the minimum error discrimination (MED) and the unambiguous state dis... |
quantumcomputing/1226_3fc4c296cc68989d_180.txt | Cleaning is a critical part of semiconductor device processing.1026 It is usually performed after patterning and etching processes leave residues.1026 Wet chemical etches are also performed to remove damage from surfaces.1026 Most applications require graphene on a dielectric surface. When graphene is grown directly on... |
quantumcomputing/b1be8698_14584.txt | QLSA computes the solution of a system of linear equations, \(A{\mathbf {x}}={\mathbf {b}}\), where A is a Hermitian \(N\times N\) matrix over \({\mathbb {C}}\) and \({\mathbf {x}},{\mathbf {b}}\in {\mathbb {C}}^N\). For this purpose, the (classical) linear system is converted into the corresponding quantum-theoretic a... |
quantumcomputing/24212_45e264729078187e_453.txt | Abstract *The field of transient astronomy has seen a revolution with the first gravitational-wave detections and the arrival of multi-messenger observations they enabled. Transformed by the first detection of binary black hole and binary neutron star mergers, computational demands in gravitational-wave astronomy are e... |
quantumcomputing/1629_62d962bdf1d2852a_214.txt | is positive and real. (In the two-level unitary transformation all off-diagonal elements vanish except those explicitly shown.) In this fashion we have reduced the number of non-zero entries in the first column vector by one. We can iterate the procedure until the ith component is the only non-zero entry left. This rem... |
quantumcomputing/2565_ff7da9bf12314062_106.txt | The summation e is over all types of possible particles in the system. Braiding Operations When anyons are exchanged (braided), the fusion space undergoes a unitary evolution. We saw earlier that in the case of abelian anyons, the exchange operation results in a complex factor. We also saw that the phase factor depends... |
quantumcomputing/6436_723fd0fbfe5d7a11_207.txt | ``` @article{clement2023minimal, author = {Cl{\'e}ment, Alexandre and Delorme, No{\'e} and Perdrix, Simon}, title = {{Minimal Equational Theories for Quantum Circuits}}, year = {2023}, journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.07476}, urldate = {2023-11-13}, link = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2311.07476}, keywords = {ZX-Supported... |
quantumcomputing/3960_fea6c5621abd8595_54.txt | **Jillian York,** director of international freedom of expression for the Electronic Frontier Foundation, wrote, “I expect that, when it comes to technology, our ‘new normal’ will be an even greater dependency on privately owned infrastructure and platforms, making us more beholden to Silicon Valley than before. I worr... |
quantumcomputing/2145_684161dc888e2e73_13.txt | Do physical processes exist which contradict the physical Church-Turing thesis? Apart from analog computation, there exist at least two main kinds of example purporting to show that the notion of recursion, or Turing-computability, is not a natural *physical* property (Hogarth 1994; Pitowsky 1990; Pour-el & Richards 19... |
quantumcomputing/b6c7b691_13494.txt | To ground our discussion in a practical, well-defined use case, we compare the computation of the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) with performing it’s quantum counterpart, the Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) (Nielsen and Chuang, 2001). A common approach in HPC is to use the FFTW library (Frigo and Johnson, 1998) and i... |
quantumcomputing/d6cc98bc_125005.txt | def mod_mult_gate(b, N): Modular multiplication gate from permutation matrix. if gcd(b, N) 1: print(f Error: gcd( b , N ) 1 ) else: n floor(log(N - 1, 2)) 1 U np.full((2 n, 2 n), 0) for x in range(N): U b x N x 1 for x in range(N, 2 n): U x x 1 G UnitaryGate(U) G.name f M_ b retur... |
quantumcomputing/175_40094682244c3a83_1935.txt | To perform well on unseen and potentially out-of-distribution samples, it is desirable for machine learning models to have a predictable response with respect to transformations affecting the factors of variation of the input. Here, we study the relative importance of several types of inductive biases towards such pred... |
quantumcomputing/13334_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_268.txt | The purpose of this study is to entrench the Copernican principle into cosmology with regard to dark energy (DE). A dual-universe solution is proposed for both the scale and coincidence problems of DE which is simple and involves no `fine-tuning'. It is also, in principle, testable and falsifiable. The model enables co... |
quantumcomputing/35883_a8a638dc956ff973_111.txt | Several significant proposals have been reported recently that attempt to approximate a function (say f(![x with combining right harpoon above (vector)])) using a quantum circuit where  a... |
quantumcomputing/1226_4503ad1eb65e514b_79.txt | ")], can offer better *phase* sensitivity that is advantageous when searching for the effects of dark matter on the central beam-splitter. The GEO600 detector can operate beyond the quantum shot-noise limit and has participated in joint observing runs with the Advanced LIGO detectors since 2015, with the primary aim of... |
quantumcomputing/13334_747474a2b9a780fd_111.txt | Example 7-8. QFT rotating phases by different amounts // Rotate kth state in register by k times 20 degrees var phi = 20; // Let's consider a 4-qubit register qc.reset(4); // First HAD so that we can see the result for all k values at once qc.write(0); qc.had(); // Apply 2^k phase operations to kth qubit for (var i=0; ... |
quantumcomputing/4625_578753610752009e_18.txt | When analyzing the behavior of a photon in the two-slit experiment, we find that P = |φ1 + φ2 |2 . Yet the conventional probability law P = P1 + P2 does apply to the two-coin example. So we are faced with an apparent inconsistency. Sometimes we must add probabilities, and sometimes we must add probability amplitudes. Ho... |
quantumcomputing/22087_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_424.txt | By restricting k to rational numbers, the Schrödinger wave equation Ψ = Ae-i/ℏ(Et+mrdr/dt) = Ae-i π k can be converted into a polynomial with the base π. Ultimately, this leads to the action S for each object:SObject =(2π)4 Et + (2π)3 Er it + (2π)2 Eφ it-1 + (2π)Eθ it-2 t in Z If 2 objects and an observer have a common... |
quantumcomputing/9904_889bcb3d28cecf3a_233.txt | Quantum error correction allows one to make quantum computers fault-tolerant against unavoidable errors due to decoherence and imperfect physical gate operations. However, the fault-tolerant quantum computation requires impractically large computational resources for useful applications. This is a current major obstacl... |
quantumcomputing/32894_c244c61d974ad5a8_78.txt | Abstract-The Material Extrusion (MEX) process, commonly known as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), is widely used for manufacturing complex geometries with minimal material wastage. However, optimizing key printing parameters is crucial for improving efficiency while maintaining print quality. This study focuses on enha... |
quantumcomputing/3960_4138ecdb10326a58_44.txt | You introduce time when you notice change. You cannot notice change if you did not register or record the previous instant as an image that you use as a reference to look at the present image. The present image when registered or recorded as memory becomes the reference to the future image. In this way, in memory, you ... |
quantumcomputing/22087_dc81a22ac6ea9da6_28.txt | As previously noted, games of perfect information are the (logically) simplest sorts of games. This is so because in such games (as long as the games are finite, that is, terminate after a known number of actions) players and analysts can use a straightforward procedure for predicting outcomes. A player in such a game ... |
quantumcomputing/34011_a5801def072ec91c_1060.txt | Let us elaborate on this radical scenario. A d time-like curve has implications for causality. The curve would be a causal loop. Causal loops lead to backward causation in which an effect can occur before its cause. Causal loops occur when there is a continuous sequence of events e1, e2, e3, …. in which each member is ... |
quantumcomputing/13334_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_611.txt | Consider the Navier-Stokes equation for a one-dimensional and two-dimensional compressible viscous liquid. It is a well-known fact that there is a strong solution locally in time when the initial data is smooth and the initial density is limited down by a positive constant. In this article, under the same hypothesis, I... |
quantumcomputing/22087_d746540042bdfe6c_81.txt | %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ABSTRACT %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% In our previous paper a complete formal normal forms for germs of 2--dimensional holomorphic vector fields with nilpotent singularity was obtained. That classification is quite nontrivial (7 cases), but it can be divided into general types like in the case of the e... |
quantumcomputing/22108_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_2862.txt | Reviewing a path-integral procedure of recovering gauge invariance from anomalous effective actions developed by Harada and Tsutsui in the 80's, it is shown that there is another way to achieve gauge symmetry, besides the one presented by the authors, which may be anomaly-free, preserving current conservation. It is al... |
quantumcomputing/bfabb963_117461.txt | It s clear we want entangled qubits. One definition of an entangled system of qubits is that the state which describes the system cannot be factored as a product of states. But this definition is not very useful to us. Another definition is of the measurement of entangled qubits: that they are maximally correlated. |
quantumcomputing/22108_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_1769.txt | Colour (R,G,B) seems to be fashionable in particle physics theories, where it may be interpreted to be phase. In the context of the Extended Rishon Model, where we interpret particles to comprise photons in phase-harmonic braid-ordered inter-dependence, Colour takes on a very specific relevance and meaning, not least b... |
quantumcomputing/32894_74845111e5423cd6_28.txt | Determining ages of planetary materials in-situ remains a central, yet unresolved, objective of planetary science. So far, sample-return missions are considered for dating of planetary materials, which are logistics-intensive, expensive, and therefore scarce. Present instruments for in-situ dating typically exceed the ... |
quantumcomputing/8729_6b5eb0c4e42e043c_322.txt | Anyway, it appears that Bousso and others have essentially solved these problems. The way they do it is by looking at "null hyper- surfaces," which are made up of paths traced by photons (geodesics). These are relativistically invariant. So the idea is that you have some region, and you look at the light rays emanating... |
quantumcomputing/d66641ba_11556.txt | Let us discuss how we can measure the emotional states within our approach. At first, it is fruitful to refer to the quantum theory experience. Eq. (10c) implies the Heisenberg uncertainty relation that looks like where \(\langle (\Delta \hat{\sigma }^{x,y})^2 \rangle \equiv \langle (\hat{\sigma }^{x,y})^2 \rangle - \l... |
quantumcomputing/38735_4268de2ba98204ef_9.txt | We approach the problem of finding obstructions to curvature distinguished Riemannian metrics by considering Lorentzian metrics to which they are dual in a suitable sense. Obstructions to the latter then yield obstructions to the former. This framework applies both locally and globally, including to compact manifolds, ... |
quantumcomputing/20712_73a38e5351f0bd0f_218.txt | Another attractive, though unproven, hypothesis linking basic science to clinical observation, is that the special sensitivity of the motor system to injury which produces the cerebral palsy syndrome is related to activated excitatory mechanisms used by these systems in the perinatal period. It can be speculated that n... |
quantumcomputing/20952_d79c655cd937197c_24.txt | Semiconductor qubits can be divided into two types depending on whether they use photons or electrical signals to control qubits and their interactions. Optically gated semiconductor qubits typically use optically active defects or quantum dots that induce strong effective couplings between photons, while electrically ... |
quantumcomputing/bf58b8fa_119694.txt | Now there are a few important points. For one we want to know the error per gate, not per Clifford. The Cliffords are certain particular gate operations, but they must be expressed to the native gates of the device with a transpiler. When the Clifford is transpiled it may require several types of gates, and in the case... |
quantumcomputing/22087_4268de2ba98204ef_186.txt | We consider a black hole mimicker given by an exact solution of the stationary and axially symmetric field equations in vacuum known as the $\delta$-Kerr metric. We study its optical properties based on a ray-tracing code for photon motion and characterize the apparent shape of the shadow of the compact object and comp... |
quantumcomputing/44116_58b87e4807ca5e69_23.txt | January 1953. After he was weaned, a year later, Virginia took a job at the Princeton Public Library. I imagined I could take care of the baby and work on my book at the same time. Of course this did not work out very well. My arrangement with the Office of Naval Research left me free to seek employment during the summ... |
quantumcomputing/6436_723fd0fbfe5d7a11_527.txt | ZX-calculus is a high-level graphical language used for quantum computation. A complete set of axioms for ZX-calculus has been found very recently. This thesis works towards minimizing axioms of ZX-calculus for Clifford+T quantum mechanics, a fragment consisting of an approximately universal gate set. Similar work has ... |
quantumcomputing/9904_889bcb3d28cecf3a_365.txt | We present general conditions for quantum error suppression for Hamiltonian-based quantum computation using subsystem codes. This involves encoding the Hamiltonian performing the computation using an error detecting subsystem code and the addition of a penalty term that commutes with the encoded Hamiltonian. The scheme... |
quantumcomputing/22108_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_1279.txt | The Lorentz magnetic force law has not been precisely verified. The experimental basis of it is in the early experiments done through the pioneers around the 1840s and 1850s; no new experiment has since been done when Hendrik Lorentz presented it in 1895 in its current form : F = q(v × B). The NIST data base of atomic ... |
quantumcomputing/9073_a8a638dc956ff973_131.txt | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | | image file: d2cs00203e-f22.tif | | | | | **Fig. 22** The architecture for evaluating the discriminative tree tensor network model using a Qubit-efficient scheme with two virtual qubits (V) and 16 input states (N) as used in ref. 302. The architecture requires O(V[thin space (1/6-em)]l... |
quantumcomputing/2ee6beba_8055.txt | Quantum circuits are built using qubits, which correspond to any value between 0 and 1. When not in superposition, a qubit will output an explicit value of 0 or 1. However, when in superposition, a qubit will hold the value of both 0 and 1 simultaneously. For this reason, it can be a bit challenging to predict the outp... |
quantumcomputing/4693_afb95353be58d856_91.txt | Benchmarking quantum applications is an essential part of tracking progress towards quantum advantage and comparing different quantum devices on real-world problems. However, current application-oriented benchmarking approaches often lack scalability due to the need for expensive classical computation or are limited to... |
quantumcomputing/9789_43c3a638e17725fa_160.txt | 22. Solms RV, Niekerk JV, “From Information Security to Cyber Security,” Computers and Security, vol. 38, pp. 97–102 (2013). 23. Thakur K, Qiu M, Gai K, Ali ML, “An Investigation on Cyber Security Threats and Security Models,” International Conference on Cyber Security and Cloud Computing, pp. 307–311 (2015). 24. Nisha... |
quantumcomputing/18ddd5f8_126734.txt | vteQuantum information scienceGeneral DiVincenzo's criteria NISQ era Quantum computing timeline Quantum information Quantum programming Quantum simulation Qubit physical vs. logical Quantum processors cloud-based Theorems Bell's Eastin Knill Gleason's Gottesman Knill Holevo's No-broadcasting No-cloning No-communication... |
quantumcomputing/2258_b393da4e2e72ed8a_77.txt | With each of the 20 bits, there are two possibilities: • Alice’s and Bob’s randomly generated decisions about applying Hadamard happen to agree. Either they both applied Hadamard, or neither applied Hadamard. (See the rows with short arrows in Figure 5.6.) In that case, Bob’s measurement of Alice’s bit is certain to be... |
quantumcomputing/32894_c65187f488c01dde_754.txt | We propose a new task to benchmark scene understanding of embodied agents: Situated Question Answering in 3D Scenes (SQA3D). Given a scene context (e.g., 3D scan), SQA3D requires the tested agent to first understand its situation (position, orientation, etc.) in the 3D scene as described by text, then reason about its ... |
quantumcomputing/cf2109bd_121681.txt | If we take a scenario where someone is applying an operator to a subsystem, we can in principle express the story in terms of interference of the global energy states. Yes, this will be a crazy, utterly unrecognizable description, but correct nonetheless. We will then find that the pairings of dimensions remain as they... |
quantumcomputing/10115_16a55bc42dde3474_32.txt | @Scott — While we are on the topic, a separate but quite related question. Though it was under less fortunate circumstances, this time last year I had the chance to read (IMHO) Terry Rudolph’s excellent primer ‘Q is for Quantum’. As I am not \*formally\* a Quantum Computing student, I forget the \*exact\* principal cit... |
quantumcomputing/27984_723fd0fbfe5d7a11_572.txt | We introduce a high-level graphical framework for designing and analysing quantum error correcting codes, centred on what we term the coherent parity (CPC). The graphical formulation is based on the diagrammatic tools of the ZX-calculus of quantum observables. The resulting framework leads to a construction for stabil... |
quantumcomputing/4659f347_120315.txt | A linear filter transmits one component of a plane wave and absorbs the perpendicular component. In that case, if the filter is polarized in the x direction, the fraction of energy passing through the filter is f x ψ x ψ x cos 2 θ . displaystyle f _ x psi _ x psi _ x cos 2 theta . , |
quantumcomputing/32894_c65187f488c01dde_995.txt | In this paper we study online Reinforcement Learning (RL) in partially observable dynamical systems. We focus on the Predictive State Representations (PSRs) model, which is an expressive model that captures other well-known models such as Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDP). PSR represents the states... |
quantumcomputing/621aaf90_119600.txt | Toffoli Gate (Controlled-Controlled-NOT) : The Toffoli gate is a three-bit gate (two controls and one target) that flips the target if and only if both control qubits are 1. It's essentially a controlled version of CNOT itself (a 2-control, 1-target gate). The Toffoli is important because it's universal for classical r... |
quantumcomputing/6436_184d3f0af3fe5585_12.txt | Understanding Why Quantum Computing Is So Strange Quantum computers have a sense of strangeness about them, almost a mystical aura. (The 2022 movie, Dr. Strange in the Multiverse of Madness, captures some of the feeling that people have about quantum mechanics in general.) Why is this? There are two main reasons. The f... |
quantumcomputing/96985785_124752.txt | Intuitively speaking, we have n n n qubits to use for this encoding, and each stabilizer generator effectively takes a qubit away in terms of how many qubits we can encode. |
quantumcomputing/22087_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_1839.txt | Yield-stress is a problematic and controversial non-Newtonian flow phenomenon. In this article, we investigate the flow of yield-stress substances through porous media within the framework of pore-scale network modeling. We also investigate the validity of the Minimum Threshold Path (MTP) algorithms to predict the pres... |
quantumcomputing/dbf4500a_7601.txt | Users can now use the specs() function to track the exact resources of programs compiled with qjit()! This new feature is currently only supported when using level="device". (#8202) from functools import partial gateset = {qml.H, qml.S, qml.CNOT, qml.T, qml.RX, qml.RY, qml.RZ} @qml.qjit @partial(qml.transforms.decompos... |
quantumcomputing/24212_3fc4c296cc68989d_127.txt | Control on N is achieved via DGU: graphitic flakes are ultracentrifuged in a preformed DGM646,649 see Fig. 41a,b. During this process, they move along the cuvette, dragged by the centrifugal force, until they reach the corresponding isopycnic point, i.e., the point where their buoyant density equals that of the surroun... |
quantumcomputing/3960_f86f793cf9e31867_140.txt | As anticipated in Sect. 1, here we provide a summary table that may facilitate navigating the review for readers with a background in the space sector. The analyzed studies on quantum applications for space have been discussed or cited in the three main sections of the review, organized by the primary methodologies con... |
quantumcomputing/4628_98bc330e6ca89479_119.txt | What do we mean by an information source ? Defining this notion is a fundamental problem of classical and quantum information theory, one we’ll re-examine several times. For now, let’s go with a provisional definition: a classical information source is described by a set of probabilities p 7 , j = 1,2,, d. Each use of ... |
quantumcomputing/38735_4268de2ba98204ef_142.txt | The polarized images of a synchrotron emitting ring are studied in the spacetime of a rotating black hole in the Scalar-Tensor-Vector-Gravity (STVG) theory. The black hole owns an additional dimensionless MOG parameter described its deviation from Kerr black hole. The effects of the MOG parameter on the observed polari... |
quantumcomputing/8652_381d5d6dcc25ca8d_20.txt | 2) One technical point regarding the move from fidelity estimates to computational advantage is the need to take into consideration the algorithm by Gao et al. in the paper Limitations of Linear Cross-Entropy as a Measure for Quantum Advantage (and also a subsequent paper by aharonov et al. A polynomial-time classical ... |
quantumcomputing/834e1ed8_124026.txt | Considering the unitary implementation of a quantum fan-out gate on n 1𝑛1n 1italic_n 1 qubits, we would not require any ancilla qubits. However, even with a star connectivity, meaning a one-to-all connectivity, the CNOT depth would be n𝑛nitalic_n. When transpiling the fan-out gate from star connectivity to a sparse... |
quantumcomputing/9339_a38937c5090409ef_50.txt | possible for the two alternatives to interfere with one another to yield some global property of the function f , by using something like the Hadamard gate to recombine the different alternatives, as was done in Deutsch’s algorithm. The essence of the design of many quantum algorithms is that a clever choice of functio... |
quantumcomputing/22087_69ca229ec5299de3_651.txt | It is a theorem of Bass, Lazard, and Serre, and, independently, Mennicke, that the special linear group SL(n,Z) enjoys the congruence subgroup property when n is at least 3. This property is most quickly described by saying that the profinite completion of the special linear group injects into the special linear group ... |
quantumcomputing/3960_b57ad2f9f3f161df_72.txt | -They considered the Nile as a force that could both create life and destroy it. During the inundation period all the cultivable land was under water, but at the same time inundation brings with it the potential for a new life: a fertilized irrigated soil ready for the sowing of corps.! Therefore, the coexistence of op... |
quantumcomputing/1b00abd1_13314.txt | A bipartite state \(\rho\) is said to have zero quantum discord absolutely iff for any unitary operator U, the state \(\rho ' = U \rho U^\dagger\) has zero quantum discord. In this section we will use Criterion 3.4 of zero quantum discord to determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for a two-qubit state to ha... |
quantumcomputing/34793_e272bdff51b1eb10_410.txt | Large language models (LLMs) are used in chatbots or AI assistants to hold conversations with a human user. In such applications, the quality (e.g., user engagement, safety) of a conversation is important and can only be exactly known at the end of the conversation. To maximize its expected quality, conversation planni... |
quantumcomputing/20712_f21f706356b21da2_233.txt | Data selection has emerged as a core issue for large-scale visual-language model pretaining (e.g., CLIP), particularly with noisy web-curated datasets. Three main data selection approaches are: (1) leveraging external non-CLIP models to aid data selection, (2) training new CLIP-style embedding models that are more effe... |
quantumcomputing/79e4e178_124781.txt | So, there's no way for an error having weight at most 2 to go undetected by this code, unless the error is the identity operation (which is in the stabilizer and therefore not actually an error). |
quantumcomputing/38735_4268de2ba98204ef_141.txt | According to the strange quark matter hypothesis, pulsars may actually be strange stars composed of self-bound strange quark matter. The normal matter crust of a strange star, unlike that of a normal neutron star, is supported by a strong electric field. A gap is then presented between the crust and the strange quark c... |
quantumcomputing/8652_3fee023099e4cc95_2.txt | It took only a year or two before Deutsch found what he was looking for—a simple quantum algorithm that yielded twice as much information as would be possible if there were no parallel universes. This is the now-famous Deutsch algorithm—the first quantum algorithm 2]. At the heart of the Deutsch algorithm is a simple... |
quantumcomputing/3960_6c2be0a104c001a2_58.txt | One thing rarely addressed is how woke ideas can seem like East/West Coast and big city ideas that are out of touch with some people’s “lived experience”(!). I live in a small midwestern city with few POC (I moved here for reasons other than race), where woke issues, like big-city coronavirus ones, can seem to have lit... |
quantumcomputing/38735_7bf989aafa8e9796_354.txt | Kelemen and Hirth (Fall 2004 AGU) presented a model for periodic, viscous shear heating instabilities along pre-existing, fine grained shear zones. This provides an attractive alternative to dehydration embrittlement for explaining intermediate-depth earthquakes, especially those in a narrow thermal window within the m... |
quantumcomputing/20712_2ed2d1df17fe28a3_296.txt | Then some final speculation : if classical physics remains present and is not ‘emergent’, then it should show up somewhere in the theoretical , right ? I think it does, but not in the naive textbook QM, that manages infinite limits in a wrong way. Von Neumann already noticed that, since 2^aleph0 = aleph1, the dimension... |
quantumcomputing/2d9e6d61_125017.txt | Because this gives fractions that return the result exactly (in this case, 0.6660000...), this can give gnarly results like the one above. We can use the .limit_denominator() method to get the fraction that most closely resembles our float, with a denominator below a certain value: |
quantumcomputing/7fa05577_0841.txt | There have been multiple claims of quantum advantage [285, 286, 287, 288, 289] (also known as quantum supremacy/primacy ), in which a QC can perform a task at a significantly lower cost than classical computers. This depends not only on the QC used, but also on the classical algorithm to compare against. For example, a... |
quantumcomputing/4628_f9ab73a74dab0c06_470.txt | phenotypically similar to the NS cells found in vivo. Derived from human and animal embryonic stem (ES) cells and from fetal and adult brain tissue, NS cells have great potential in biomedical research because of their homogeneity, their ability to self-renew indefinitely, and their relative ease of manipulation. Stem ... |
quantumcomputing/16785_8ecc1c53b3b42b31_12.txt | After Grover’s algorithm, there was a hiatus of more than five years before a significantly new algorithm was discovered. During that time, other areas of quantum information processing, such as quantum error correction, advanced significantly. In the early 2000s, several new algorithms were discovered. Like Shor’s alg... |
quantumcomputing/535727fc_126522.txt | The Toffoli gate, also known as the double controlled-NOT gate (CCX), has two control qubits and one target. It applies a NOT to the target only when both controls are in state 1 . The Toffoli gate with the Hadamard gate is a universal gate set for quantum computing. |
quantumcomputing/598043c6_13256.txt | A state \(\rho ^{AB}\) is separable iff the entropy of the reduced state is positive, \(S(\rho ^A) > 0\) (equivalently: \(S(\rho ^B) > 0\)). For mixed bipartite states there is no universal criterion that gives necessary and sufficient conditions for separability. However, for Hilbert spaces of dimension \(2 \times 2\)... |
quantumcomputing/32894_1a8f0330de3b41ea_115.txt | Label Distribution Learning (LDL) has been successfully implemented in numerous practical applications. However, the imbalance in label distributions presents a significant challenge due to the substantial variation in annotation information. To tackle this issue, we introduce Decoupled Imbalance Label Distribution Lea... |
quantumcomputing/17677_ecf384143be764f0_108.txt | Detection of Malicious Emails and URLs 123 12. Rupa, C., Srivastava, G., Bhattacharya, S., Reddy, P., Gadekallu, T.R., A machine learning driven threat intelligence system for malicious URL detection, in: The 16th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES 2021), Association for Computing... |
quantumcomputing/1b084615_124439.txt | Finding a factor of n can be achieved by finding the period p of the function f x a x m o d n . This is seen as follows: Let p be the period of f , then n a p 1 , i.e., a p 1 k n . Assume p is even (if p is odd, Shor s algorithm is repeated with a different a, until an even p is found). With such an even p, i... |
quantumcomputing/38735_fabe5077e891c005_420.txt | Whereas the duality transformation allows one to demonstrate straightforwardly the trivial thermodynamics of the system, the dynamical processes become non-trivial. Flipping an individual spin of the original system (S) now leads to changing the sign (i.e. flipping) the three plaquette variables (τ ) that the spin (Fig... |
quantumcomputing/34011_b71dfa737b197dfa_28.txt | **GNN for large-scale MD simulations**. Many applications require models that scale to large system sizes. For example, simulations of biological systems, e.g., to study protein dynamics or drug binding mechanisms involve orders of magnitude more atoms than many other applications, while configuration changes occur on ... |
quantumcomputing/38735_7bf989aafa8e9796_368.txt | In this work, the stock-price versus economic-field hysteresis was investigated. The Ising spin Hamiltonian was utilized as the level of âdisagreementâ in describing investorsâ behaviour. The Ising spin directions were referred to an investorâs intention to perform his action on trading his stock. The periodic ... |
quantumcomputing/22108_db9c0f2f4b6f960d_1327.txt | 2016 is filled with what seems like a new Ransomware every day, whether the influx is due to the recent sale of the CryptoWall source code or the actors involved in Dyre have since moved on to something profitable after the reported takedown, it would appear that for the time being pushing Ransomware is the new hip thi... |
quantumcomputing/f155a97d_8593.txt | Torta, P., Casati, R., Bruni, S. et al. Quantum computing for space applications: a selective review and perspectives. EPJ Quantum Technol. 12, 66 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjqt/s40507-025-00369-8 Download citation Received: 21 February 2025 Accepted: 21 May 2025 Published: 05 June 2025 Version of record: 05 Jun... |
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