| |
| """ |
| CropAI Agronomic Knowledge Base - Fruits, Cole Crops, Alliums & Cucurbits Module |
| Covers Mango, Papaya, Citrus, Onion, Garlic, Cabbage, Cauliflower, and Cucurbitaceous gourds |
| across Chhattisgarh and All India. |
| """ |
|
|
| from typing import Dict, Any |
|
|
| FRUITS_KNOWLEDGE_BASE: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = { |
| |
| |
| |
| "Mango___Powdery_Mildew": { |
| "name": "Mango Powdery Mildew (आम का बौर चूर्णी / खर्रा रोग)", |
| "scientific_name": "Oidium mangiferae", |
| "crop": "Mango (आम)", |
| "category": "Fungal", |
| "severity": "Critical", |
| "is_healthy": False, |
| "season_and_weather": "February to March (flowering and fruit set stage); cloudy overcast days, cool nights and morning dews", |
| "economic_injury_level": "White powdery coating over > 5% floral panicles", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "White, talcum-powder-like fungal coating covering inflorescence panicles, flowers, and tender young pea-stage fruits", |
| "Infected flowers fail to open, dry up, turn brown to black, and drop off ('Blossom Blight')", |
| "Young fruits drop prematurely or become corky, cracked, and misshapen; can cause 70-90% loss in fruit set" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": [ |
| "First spray MUST be given at flower bud emergence (panicle initiation before flowers open)", |
| "Second spray at full bloom and third spray at pea-sized fruit stage" |
| ], |
| "organic_control": [ |
| "Spray wettable sulfur 80% WDG (Sulfex) @ 3g/L water (50g per 16L tank; 600g/acre in 200L water)", |
| "Apply raw milk + water solution (1:9) or sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) @ 5g/L" |
| ], |
| "chemical_control": [ |
| "Spray Hexaconazole 5% SC (Contaf) @ 1.5ml/L water (25ml per 16L tank; 300ml/acre in 200L water)", |
| "Or Tebuconazole 25.9% EC (Folicur) @ 1.25ml/L water (20ml per 16L tank; 250ml/acre)", |
| "Or Dinocap 48% EC (Karathane) @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank)", |
| "Or Azoxystrobin 18.2% + Difenoconazole 11.4% SC @ 1ml/L water" |
| ] |
| }, |
| "prevention": [ |
| "Prune overcrowded and dead branches after harvest to allow direct sunlight inside the tree canopy", |
| "Avoid excessive irrigation during flowering" |
| ], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": True |
| }, |
| "Mango___Hopper": { |
| "name": "Mango Hopper / Phadka / Chepa (आम का भुनगा / मधुआ कीट)", |
| "scientific_name": "Amritodus atkinsoni & Idioscopus clypealis", |
| "crop": "Mango (आम)", |
| "category": "Insect_Pest", |
| "severity": "Critical", |
| "is_healthy": False, |
| "season_and_weather": "February to April (flowering and fruit development); warm spring weather, high tree shade", |
| "economic_injury_level": "5 hoppers per panicle during flowering", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Thousands of tiny, wedge-shaped greyish-brown hoppers crowd on flower panicles and tender leaves, flying off with a clicking sound when disturbed", |
| "Nymphs and adults suck sap from tender panicles, causing flower buds to wither, turn brown, and dry up ('Blossom Drop')", |
| "Secretion of copious sticky sweet honeydew, causing thick black sooty mould (Meliola mangiferae) covering leaves and branches", |
| "The #1 devastating insect pest of mango causing up to 100% loss of fruit set if unmanaged" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": [ |
| "Spray tree trunk and lower canopy branches where adult hoppers hide during winter", |
| "First spray at panicle emergence; second spray at fruit set" |
| ], |
| "organic_control": [ |
| "Spray Beauveria bassiana 1.15% WP @ 5g/L water (80g per 16L tank) or Metarhizium anisopliae @ 5g/L", |
| "Apply 5% Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) or Neem Oil 10,000 PPM @ 3ml/L water" |
| ], |
| "chemical_control": [ |
| "Spray Thiamethoxam 25% WG (Actara) @ 0.3g/L water (5g per 16L tank; 60g/acre in 200L water)", |
| "Or Imidacloprid 17.8% SL (Confidor) @ 0.3ml/L water (5ml per 16L tank; 60ml/acre)", |
| "Or Clothianidin 50% WDG @ 0.2g/L water (3g per 16L tank)", |
| "Or Dimethoate 30% EC (Rogor) @ 1.7ml/L water (27ml per 16L tank)", |
| "Do NOT spray during full bloom to protect honeybees!" |
| ] |
| }, |
| "prevention": [ |
| "Canopy thinning: Prune internal dense branches after harvest to allow sun penetration", |
| "Keep orchard weed-free and wash tree trunks with lime whitewash" |
| ], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": True |
| }, |
| "Mango___Anthracnose": { |
| "name": "Mango Anthracnose / Blossom Blight (आम का एंथ्रेक्नोज / काला धब्बा रोग)", |
| "scientific_name": "Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Glomerella cingulata)", |
| "crop": "Mango (आम)", |
| "category": "Fungal", |
| "severity": "Severe", |
| "is_healthy": False, |
| "season_and_weather": "Monsoon (July-August) and flowering season (Feb-March); high humidity (> 95%), frequent rain showers", |
| "economic_injury_level": "Dark circular spots on leaves and teardrop stains on fruits", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Oval to irregular dark brown to black necrotic spots on leaves with shot-hole centers", |
| "Blackening, blighting, and shedding of flowering panicles", |
| "Latent infection on fruits emerges during ripening as circular, sunken black spots with characteristic tear-stain patterns", |
| "Severe post-harvest rotting of harvested mangoes during transit and storage" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": [ |
| "Prune dead twigs 5 cm below infected zone and spray immediately; apply Bordeaux paste to cut surfaces", |
| "Hot water treatment of harvested fruits at 52°C for 5 minutes controls latent post-harvest rot" |
| ], |
| "organic_control": ["Spray Copper Oxychloride 50% WP @ 3g/L water (50g per 16L tank)", "Apply Trichoderma viride @ 5g/L"], |
| "chemical_control": [ |
| "Spray Azoxystrobin 18.2% + Difenoconazole 11.4% SC @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank; 200ml/acre in 200L water)", |
| "Or Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% WP (Saaf) @ 2g/L water (35g per 16L tank; 400g/acre)", |
| "Or Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG (Nativo) @ 0.5g/L water (8g per 16L tank)" |
| ] |
| }, |
| "prevention": ["Post-harvest dip in hot water containing Carbendazim (1g/L) for 5 minutes", "Regular pruning of dead wood"], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": False |
| }, |
| "Mango___healthy": { |
| "name": "Healthy Mango Orchard (स्वस्थ आम का पेड़)", |
| "scientific_name": "Mangifera indica (Optimal Canopy & Panicle Vigor)", |
| "crop": "Mango (आम)", |
| "category": "Healthy", |
| "severity": "Healthy", |
| "is_healthy": True, |
| "season_and_weather": "All seasons; dense dark-green leathery canopy, clean reddish new leaf flushes, healthy panicle clusters", |
| "economic_injury_level": "None", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Dense deep-green glossy leathery foliage free from hopper honeydew or sooty mould", |
| "Healthy branching canopy with clean panicle emergence and robust fruit set", |
| "Clean smooth-skinned green and ripening mangoes free from anthracnose spots or fruit fly punctures" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": ["Maintain basin irrigation; stop watering 15 days before harvest to improve sugar content"], |
| "organic_control": ["Apply 50 kg well-rotted FYM + 2 kg neem cake per mature tree annually after harvest"], |
| "chemical_control": ["No pesticide application needed."] |
| }, |
| "prevention": ["Install fruit fly pheromone traps (Methyl eugenol lure @ 6-8 traps/acre) 45 days before harvest"], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": False |
| }, |
|
|
| |
| |
| |
| "Papaya___Ring_Spot_Virus": { |
| "name": "Papaya Ring Spot Virus / PRSV (पपीता का वलय धब्बा विषाणु रोग)", |
| "scientific_name": "Papaya Ringspot Potyvirus (PRSV) vectored by Aphids (Aphis gossypii, Myzus persicae)", |
| "crop": "Papaya (पपीता)", |
| "category": "Viral", |
| "severity": "Critical", |
| "is_healthy": False, |
| "season_and_weather": "Throughout the year; severe during warm weather favoring aphid migration", |
| "economic_injury_level": "Appearance of circular rings on fruits and oily water-soaked streaks on petioles", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Prominent dark green water-soaked oily streaks or stripes on leaf petioles and upper tree trunk", |
| "Severe yellow mosaic mottling, blistering, and distortion of young leaves, often reducing leaf blade to bare veins ('Shoestring effect')", |
| "Characteristic circular, dark green concentric ring spots or 'C'-shaped rings on green fruits ('Ring Spot')", |
| "Stunted tree growth, bitter tasteless fruits with low sugar, and eventual complete orchard decline" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": [ |
| "Uproot and burn infected trees immediately upon first symptom emergence; do not leave viral reservoir trees", |
| "Spray systemic insecticide immediately to control transient aphid vectors" |
| ], |
| "organic_control": [ |
| "Install Yellow Sticky Traps @ 15-20 per acre around orchard borders", |
| "Spray Neem Oil 10,000 PPM @ 3ml/L (50ml per 16L tank) or 5% NSKE" |
| ], |
| "chemical_control": [ |
| "Vector control spray: Imidacloprid 17.8% SL @ 0.3ml/L water (5ml per 16L tank; 60ml/acre in 200L water)", |
| "Or Thiamethoxam 25% WG @ 0.3g/L water (5g per 16L tank; 60g/acre)", |
| "Or Dimethoate 30% EC @ 1.7ml/L water (27ml per 16L tank)" |
| ] |
| }, |
| "prevention": [ |
| "Grow 2-3 dense rows of border barrier crops (Maize, Sorghum, or Sunhemp) around papaya orchard to intercept flying aphids", |
| "Grow tolerant varieties like Red Lady 786 (manage vector strictly) or cross-protection methods" |
| ], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": True |
| }, |
| "Papaya___healthy": { |
| "name": "Healthy Papaya Tree (स्वस्थ पपीता पौधा)", |
| "scientific_name": "Carica papaya (Optimal Foliage & Fruiting)", |
| "crop": "Papaya (पपीता)", |
| "category": "Healthy", |
| "severity": "Healthy", |
| "is_healthy": True, |
| "season_and_weather": "All seasons; large broad healthy palmate leaves, clean hollow petioles, heavy fruit setting around trunk", |
| "economic_injury_level": "None", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Broad deep-green palmate leaves free from yellow mosaic mottling or shoestring distortion", |
| "Clean smooth green petioles and erect sturdy trunk free from water-soaked lesions or foot rot", |
| "Abundant clean, smooth-skinned green and golden-orange ripening papayas free from ring spots" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": ["Maintain ring basin irrigation to keep water away from direct contact with trunk collar"], |
| "organic_control": ["Apply 20 kg FYM + 250g Trichoderma viride per tree twice a year"], |
| "chemical_control": ["No pesticide application needed."] |
| }, |
| "prevention": ["Avoid water stagnation around root collar to prevent fungal foot rot"], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": False |
| }, |
|
|
| |
| |
| |
| "Citrus___Canker": { |
| "name": "Citrus Canker (नींबू का कैंकर रोग)", |
| "scientific_name": "Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri", |
| "crop": "Citrus / Lemon / Orange (नींबू/संतरा)", |
| "category": "Bacterial", |
| "severity": "Critical", |
| "is_healthy": False, |
| "season_and_weather": "Rainy season (July to September); warm wet windy weather, rain splashing and leaf miner injury", |
| "economic_injury_level": "Raised corky scab lesions on leaves, twigs, and fruits", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Small, raised, blister-like corky spots on leaves, twigs, and fruits, surrounded by a prominent yellowish oily halo", |
| "Lesions turn brown, rough, corky, and crater-like with a depressed center ('Crater-like canker')", |
| "Severely affected leaves turn yellow and drop prematurely; twigs die back from tips", |
| "Corky rough eruptions on fruit rind make lemons unmarketable, causing severe commercial loss across India" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": [ |
| "Prune and burn canker-infected twigs during winter before new flush emergence; apply Bordeaux paste to cuts", |
| "Control Citrus Leaf Miner strictly; leaf miner galleries provide direct entry portals for canker bacteria" |
| ], |
| "organic_control": [ |
| "Spray Bordeaux mixture 1% (1 kg Copper Sulphate + 1 kg Lime in 100L water) or Copper Hydroxide @ 2g/L", |
| "Apply fresh cow dung supernatant (filtered) or neem seed extract" |
| ], |
| "chemical_control": [ |
| "Spray Streptocycline 6g + Copper Oxychloride 50% WP 500g in 200L water per acre (0.5g Streptocycline + 40g COC per 16L tank)", |
| "Or Plantomycin 1g/L + Copper Hydroxide 77% WP @ 2g/L water (30g per 16L tank)", |
| "For Leaf Miner control: Imidacloprid 17.8% SL @ 0.3ml/L water (5ml per 16L tank) or Abamectin 1.9% EC @ 0.75ml/L" |
| ] |
| }, |
| "prevention": [ |
| "Plant windbreaks (Casuarina, Shisham, Eucalyptus) around orchard to reduce wind-driven rain dissemination", |
| "Grow canker-tolerant varieties: Kagzi Lime selection, Tenali, Vikram, Balaji" |
| ], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": True |
| }, |
| "Citrus___Greening_HLB": { |
| "name": "Citrus Greening / Huanglongbing / HLB (नींबू का ग्रीनिंग रोग)", |
| "scientific_name": "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus vectored by Asian Citrus Psyllid (Diaphorina citri)", |
| "crop": "Citrus / Lemon / Orange (नींबू/संतरा)", |
| "category": "Bacterial", |
| "severity": "Critical", |
| "is_healthy": False, |
| "season_and_weather": "Throughout the year; severe in spring and monsoon flushes favoring citrus psyllid", |
| "economic_injury_level": "Asymmetric blotchy yellow mottle on leaves and inverted fruit ripening", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Characteristic asymmetric blotchy yellow mottle on leaves (chlorosis crossing leaf veins, not mirror-image)", |
| "Leaves become small, upright, pointing upward ('Rabbit-ear appearance') with zinc-like interveinal deficiency", |
| "Inverted fruit coloration: Fruits color prematurely at the stem end while the blossom end remains dark green ('Greening')", |
| "Fruits are small, lopsided, asymmetric, highly acidic and bitter with aborted dark seeds; gradual tree death in 3-5 years" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": [ |
| "Rogue out and destroy severely declining trees to prevent psyllid vector spread", |
| "Spray systemic insecticide immediately targeting the Asian Citrus Psyllid vector" |
| ], |
| "organic_control": [ |
| "Install Yellow Sticky Traps @ 15 per acre to monitor and trap adult psyllids", |
| "Spray 5% NSKE (Neem Seed Kernel Extract) @ 50ml/L or Neem Oil @ 4ml/L" |
| ], |
| "chemical_control": [ |
| "Psyllid vector control spray: Thiamethoxam 25% WG (Actara) @ 0.3g/L water (5g per 16L tank; 60g/acre in 200L water)", |
| "Or Imidacloprid 17.8% SL @ 0.4ml/L water (6-7ml per 16L tank; 80ml/acre)", |
| "Or Dimethoate 30% EC (Rogor) @ 1.7ml/L water (27ml per 16L tank)" |
| ] |
| }, |
| "prevention": [ |
| "Use only certified virus-free budded saplings from government-certified nurseries", |
| "Regular scouting for small jumping psyllid nymphs on tender young flushes" |
| ], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": True |
| }, |
| "Citrus___healthy": { |
| "name": "Healthy Citrus / Lemon Tree (स्वस्थ नींबू/संतरा का पेड़)", |
| "scientific_name": "Citrus aurantifolia & Citrus sinensis (Optimal Foliage & Fruit Vigor)", |
| "crop": "Citrus / Lemon / Orange (नींबू/संतरा)", |
| "category": "Healthy", |
| "severity": "Healthy", |
| "is_healthy": True, |
| "season_and_weather": "All seasons; deep glossy dark-green winged leaves, fragrant white blossoms, abundant firm juicy fruits", |
| "economic_injury_level": "None", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Deep glossy green foliage free from yellow blotchy mottle or corky canker craters", |
| "Sturdy spiny branches with fragrant white flowers and healthy fruit set", |
| "Smooth, firm, glossy green and bright yellow ripening lemons free from scab or leaf miner tunnels" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": ["Maintain ring basin irrigation to keep root collar dry; prune water shoots"], |
| "organic_control": ["Foliar spray of Zinc Sulphate (0.5%) + Ferrous Sulphate (0.2%) + Lime twice a year"], |
| "chemical_control": ["No pesticide application needed."] |
| }, |
| "prevention": ["Paint tree trunk with Bordeaux paste (1:1:10) up to 2 feet height before monsoon"], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": False |
| }, |
|
|
| |
| |
| |
| "Onion___Purple_Blotch": { |
| "name": "Onion Purple Blotch (प्याज का बैंगनी धब्बा रोग)", |
| "scientific_name": "Alternaria porri", |
| "crop": "Onion & Garlic (प्याज / लहसुन)", |
| "category": "Fungal", |
| "severity": "Severe", |
| "is_healthy": False, |
| "season_and_weather": "December to March (Rabi crop); warm humid weather (Temp 21-28°C), morning dews and winter rain", |
| "economic_injury_level": "Sunken purple lesions on > 5% leaves or flower stalks", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Small water-soaked sunken spots on leaves and seed stalks that rapidly enlarge into oval purple-bordered lesions", |
| "Centers of lesions turn characteristic deep violet to dark purple, surrounded by a broad yellow chlorotic band", |
| "Lesions girdle leaves and seed stalks, causing leaves to break at the lesion site and collapse ('Top Dieback')", |
| "Severe reduction in bulb size by 30-50% and total destruction of onion seed crop" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": [ |
| "Spray fungicide mixed with an agricultural sticker/spreader (Wettable Sticking Agent @ 1ml/L) because waxy onion leaves repel water droplets", |
| "Avoid overhead sprinkler irrigation" |
| ], |
| "organic_control": [ |
| "Foliar spray of Trichoderma viride @ 5g/L water (80g per 16L tank)", |
| "Apply raw garlic extract or fermented cow urine solution (1:10)" |
| ], |
| "chemical_control": [ |
| "Spray Azoxystrobin 18.2% + Difenoconazole 11.4% SC (Amistar Top) @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank; 200ml/acre in 200L water) with sticker", |
| "Or Tebuconazole 25.9% EC (Folicur) @ 1.25ml/L water (20ml per 16L tank; 250ml/acre)", |
| "Or Mancozeb 75% WP (Dithane M-45) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank; 500g/acre)", |
| "Or Propineb 70% WP (Antracol) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank)" |
| ] |
| }, |
| "prevention": [ |
| "Seed treatment with Thiram 75% WP @ 3g/kg seed or Carbendazim @ 2g/kg", |
| "Proper plant spacing (15 x 10 cm) and avoid water stagnation", |
| "Grow tolerant varieties: Agrifound Dark Red, N-53, Bhima Super, Bhima Red" |
| ], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": True |
| }, |
| "Onion___Thrips": { |
| "name": "Onion Thrips / Juaan (प्याज का थ्रिप्स / जुआं कीट)", |
| "scientific_name": "Thrips tabaci", |
| "crop": "Onion & Garlic (प्याज / लहसुन)", |
| "category": "Insect_Pest", |
| "severity": "Severe", |
| "is_healthy": False, |
| "season_and_weather": "February to April (dry sunny spring weather); hot dry spells favoring rapid population buildup", |
| "economic_injury_level": "30 thrips per plant or silvery white patches on central leaves", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Hundreds of microscopic, slender yellow to brown thrips hide in the inner central leaf sheaths at the base of the plant", |
| "Insects scrape leaf epidermis and suck sap, creating characteristic silvery-white blotches or streaks ('Silvering')", |
| "Leaves curl, crinkle, turn yellow, dry from the tips downward ('Blast appearance'), and collapse prematurely", |
| "Bulbs remain small, deformed, and fail to develop full market size" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": [ |
| "Direct spray deep into the central leaf axils where thrips colonies shelter; always add a wetting agent/sticker", |
| "Provide frequent light sprinkler irrigations to wash thrips off foliage" |
| ], |
| "organic_control": [ |
| "Install Blue Sticky Traps @ 15-20 per acre at crop height", |
| "Spray Verticillium lecanii @ 5g/L water (80g per 16L tank) or Beauveria bassiana @ 5g/L", |
| "Apply 5% NSKE (Neem Seed Kernel Extract) @ 50ml/L or Neem Oil 10,000 PPM @ 3ml/L" |
| ], |
| "chemical_control": [ |
| "Spray Fipronil 5% SC (Regent) @ 2ml/L water (32ml per 16L tank; 400ml/acre in 200L water) with sticker", |
| "Or Spinetoram 11.7% SC (Delegate) @ 0.8ml/L water (13ml per 16L tank)", |
| "Or Cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (Benevia) @ 1.8ml/L water (30ml per 16L tank)", |
| "Or Thiamethoxam 25% WG (Actara) @ 0.3g/L water (5g per 16L tank; 60g/acre)" |
| ] |
| }, |
| "prevention": [ |
| "Intercropping onion with barrier crops like maize or coriander", |
| "Avoid planting near old infested garlic or onion fields" |
| ], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": False |
| }, |
| "Onion___healthy": { |
| "name": "Healthy Onion & Garlic (स्वस्थ प्याज एवं लहसुन फसल)", |
| "scientific_name": "Allium cepa & Allium sativum (Optimal Bulb Development)", |
| "crop": "Onion & Garlic (प्याज / लहसुन)", |
| "category": "Healthy", |
| "severity": "Healthy", |
| "is_healthy": True, |
| "season_and_weather": "Rabi season; tubular erect bluish-green leaves with waxy bloom, vigorous neck and bulb sizing", |
| "economic_injury_level": "None", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Erect, tubular, hollow bluish-green leaves with clean waxy cuticle free from purple lesions or thrips silvering", |
| "Firm compact neck with vigorous swelling of underground bulbs", |
| "Healthy white fibrous root system free from basal pink rot or nematode galls" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": ["Maintain optimal moisture; stop irrigation 15 days before harvest for proper bulb curing"], |
| "organic_control": ["Apply vermicompost and Potash at bulb initiation to increase bulb density"], |
| "chemical_control": ["No pesticide application needed."] |
| }, |
| "prevention": ["Scout leaf axils weekly for early thrips nymphs"], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": False |
| }, |
|
|
| |
| |
| |
| "Cucurbits___Downy_Mildew": { |
| "name": "Cucurbit Downy Mildew (कद्दूवर्गीय फसलों का मृदुरोमिल आसिता)", |
| "scientific_name": "Pseudoperonospora cubensis", |
| "crop": "Cucurbits / Gourds (लौकी, कद्दू, करेला, खीरा)", |
| "category": "Fungal", |
| "severity": "Severe", |
| "is_healthy": False, |
| "season_and_weather": "Rainy and post-monsoon (August to October); cool humid nights (15-20°C), heavy dews and rain", |
| "economic_injury_level": "Angular yellow patches on upper leaf surface", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Angular, sharp-edged, pale green to bright yellow spots on upper leaf surface, strictly delimited by leaf veins ('Mosaic mosaic tiles')", |
| "Purplish-grey to dark brown downy fungal growth on the underside of corresponding yellow spots during humid mornings", |
| "Spots turn necrotic brown, curl upwards, and entire leaf blades dry into crisp dead parchment paper ('Wildfire blight')", |
| "Vines rapidly defoliate within 5-7 days, leaving bare runners and sun-scalded, bitter fruits" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": [ |
| "Spray systemic downy mildew fungicide immediately upon first angular spot observation", |
| "Train vines on bower (मचान) system to elevate leaves off wet soil" |
| ], |
| "organic_control": [ |
| "Prophylactic spray of Bordeaux mixture 1% or Copper Hydroxide 77% WP @ 2g/L (30g per 16L tank)", |
| "Spray sour buttermilk (खट्टी छाछ) @ 50ml/L water" |
| ], |
| "chemical_control": [ |
| "Spray Cymoxanil 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP (Curzate) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank; 500g/acre in 200L water)", |
| "Or Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP (Ridomil Gold) @ 2.5g/L water (40g per 16L tank; 500g/acre)", |
| "Or Dimethomorph 50% WP (Acrobat) @ 1g/L + Mancozeb @ 2g/L water (16g Acrobat + 35g Mancozeb per 16L tank)", |
| "Or Famoxadone 16.6% + Cymoxanil 22.1% SC @ 1ml/L water (16ml per 16L tank)" |
| ] |
| }, |
| "prevention": [ |
| "Wide plant spacing (2 x 1.5 meters) to ensure canopy airflow", |
| "Drip irrigation instead of flooding" |
| ], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": True |
| }, |
| "Cucurbits___Fruit_Fly": { |
| "name": "Cucurbit Fruit Fly (कद्दूवर्गीय फसलों की फल मक्खी)", |
| "scientific_name": "Bactrocera cucurbitae (Zeugodacus cucurbitae)", |
| "crop": "Cucurbits / Gourds (लौकी, कद्दू, करेला, खीरा)", |
| "category": "Insect_Pest", |
| "severity": "Critical", |
| "is_healthy": False, |
| "season_and_weather": "Summer and rainy season; warm humid weather", |
| "economic_injury_level": "Puncture marks with amber resin drop on young fruits", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Female fly punctures tender young green fruits with its ovipositor, exuding a drop of translucent amber resin/gum", |
| "Inside the fruit, legless white maggots feed on internal pulp and seeds, turning the interior into a watery decayed pulp", |
| "Fruits become deformed, twisted, turn prematurely yellow, rot, and drop off", |
| "Destroys 40-80% of bottle gourd, bitter gourd, cucumber, and pumpkin harvests across India" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": [ |
| "Install Cue-Lure Fruit Fly Pheromone Traps @ 8-10 per acre across the vine canopy for continuous male fly trapping", |
| "Collect and deep-bury all punctured and rotting fruits in a pit (minimum 2 feet deep) with lime powder" |
| ], |
| "organic_control": [ |
| "Bait Spray: Mix 100g jaggery (गुड़) + 10ml Malathion 50% EC in 10 liters of water, apply large coarse droplets on bower posts and borders", |
| "Apply Neem Oil 10,000 PPM @ 3ml/L water to deter female oviposition" |
| ], |
| "chemical_control": [ |
| "Spray Malathion 50% EC @ 2ml/L water (32ml per 16L tank; 400ml/acre in 200L water) or Deltamethrin 2.8% EC @ 1ml/L", |
| "Or Spinosad 45% SC @ 0.3ml/L water (5ml per 16L tank; 60ml/acre)", |
| "Observe mandatory 3-day waiting period (PHI) before harvesting edible gourds!" |
| ] |
| }, |
| "prevention": [ |
| "Bag young fruits with paper/polythene bags immediately after pollination", |
| "Deep summer ploughing to expose pupae in soil to birds and sun" |
| ], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": True |
| }, |
| "Cucurbits___healthy": { |
| "name": "Healthy Cucurbit Vine (स्वस्थ कद्दूवर्गीय बेल)", |
| "scientific_name": "Cucurbita / Lagenaria / Cucumis (Optimal Vine Vigor)", |
| "crop": "Cucurbits / Gourds (लौकी, कद्दू, करेला, खीरा)", |
| "category": "Healthy", |
| "severity": "Healthy", |
| "is_healthy": True, |
| "season_and_weather": "All seasons; broad deep-green leaves, vigorous climbing tendrils, prolific yellow flowers and glossy fruits", |
| "economic_injury_level": "None", |
| "symptoms": [ |
| "Broad emerald-green leaves with healthy bristly hairs free from angular yellow patches or white powdery coating", |
| "Vigorous branching runners with abundant male and female yellow flowers", |
| "Tender, smooth, straight, glossy green gourds free from fruit fly puncture marks or gummy rot" |
| ], |
| "treatment": { |
| "immediate_action": ["Maintain optimal moisture; keep bower trellis well-supported"], |
| "organic_control": ["Foliar spray of Panchagavya @ 30ml/L or 19:19:19 NPK every 15 days"], |
| "chemical_control": ["No pesticide application needed. Protect pollinating bees!"] |
| }, |
| "prevention": ["Install fruit fly pheromone traps early before flowering begins"], |
| "expert_consultation_recommended": False |
| } |
| } |
|
|
