Contexts stringlengths 0 32.3k | Questions stringlengths 14 191 | Answers stringlengths 6 29k ⌀ |
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| How to prevent Viral Gastroenteritis ? | People can reduce their chances of getting or spreading viral gastroenteritis if they
- wash their hands thoroughly with soap and warm water for 20 seconds after using the bathroom or changing diapers and before eating or handling food - disinfect contaminated surfaces such as countertops and baby cha... |
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| What to do for Viral Gastroenteritis ? | - Viral gastroenteritis is inflammation of the lining of the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. Several different viruses can cause viral gastroenteritis, which is highly contagious and extremely common. - The main symptoms of viral gastroenteritis are watery diarrhea and vomiting. - Dehydration is the mo... |
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| What is (are) What I need to know about Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome ? | Interstitial cystitis*painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) is one of several conditions that causes bladder pain and a need to urinate frequently and urgently. Some doctors have started using the term bladder pain syndrome (BPS) to describe this condition.
Your bladder is a balloon-shaped organ where your... |
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| What are the symptoms of What I need to know about Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome ? | Signs of bladder problems include
- Urgency. The feeling that you need to go right now! Urgency is normal if you haven't been near a bathroom for a few hours or if you have been drinking a lot of fluids. But you may have a problem if you have strong urges before your bladder has had time to fill. All ... |
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| What causes What I need to know about Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome ? | Many different problems can cause urgency, frequency, and bladder pain. Just a few of them are
- infections - bowel disorders - endometriosistissue that normally lines the womb that appears in other places outside of the womb - bladder cancer
Your doctor will ask you questions and r... |
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| Who is at risk for What I need to know about Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome? ? | Both men and women can get IC/PBS, though twice as many women are affected as men. It can occur at any age, but it is most common in middle age.
People with IC/PBS rarely have bladder pain all the time. The pain usually comes and goes as the bladder fills and then empties. The pain may go away for week... |
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| How to diagnose What I need to know about Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome ? | Finding the cause of bladder pain may require several tests.
While tests may aid your doctor in making a diagnosis of IC/PBS, a careful review of your symptoms and a physical exam in the office are generally the most important parts of the evaluation. |
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| What are the treatments for What I need to know about Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome ? | No one treatment for IC/PBS has been found that works for everyone. Your doctor or nurse will work with you to find a treatment plan that meets your special needs. The plan may include diet and lifestyle changes, bladder retraining, activity and exercise, physical therapy, and various types of medicines. You should exp... |
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| What to do for What I need to know about Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome ? | - Bladder problems have many possible causes. - Your doctor will need to do tests to find the cause of your bladder problems. If all the test results are normal, you may have IC/PBS. - No one treatment option for IC/PBS works for everybody. - Treatments for IC/PBS may include changing your diet and exercising. - Me... |
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| What is (are) Whipple Disease ? | Whipple disease is a rare bacterial infection that primarily affects the small intestine. The infection may spread to any organ in the body; however, it more commonly affects the
- joints - central nervous system, which includes the brain, the spinal cord, and nerves located throughout the body - hea... |
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| What is (are) Whipple Disease ? | The small intestine is part of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract and is a tube-shaped organ between the stomach and large intestine. The upper GI tract also includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, or the first part of the small intestine.
Most food digestion and nutrient absorption ta... |
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| What causes Whipple Disease ? | Bacteria called Tropheryma whipplei (T. whipplei) cause Whipple disease. T. whipplei infection can cause internal sores, also called lesions, and thickening of tissues in the small intestine. The villi take on an abnormal, clublike appearance and the damaged intestinal lining does not properly absorb nutrients, causing... |
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| What are the symptoms of Whipple Disease ? | Signs and symptoms of Whipple disease can vary widely from person to person. The most common symptoms of Whipple disease are
- diarrhea - weight loss caused by malabsorption
A person may not have diarrhea. Instead, other signs and symptoms of Whipple disease may appear, such as
... |
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| What are the complications of Whipple Disease ? | People with Whipple disease may have complications caused by malnutrition, which is due to damaged villi in the small intestine. As a result of delayed diagnosis or treatment, people may experience the following complications in other areas of the body:
- long-lasting nutritional deficiencies - heart ... |
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| How to diagnose Whipple Disease ? | A health care provider may use several tests and exams to diagnose Whipple disease, including the following:
- medical and family history - physical exam - blood tests - upper GI endoscopy and enteroscopy
A patient may be referred to a gastroenterologista doctor who specializes in d... |
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| What are the treatments for Whipple Disease ? | The health care provider prescribes antibiotics to destroy the T. whipplei bacteria and treat Whipple disease. Health care providers choose antibiotics that treat the infection in the small intestine and cross the blood-brain barriera layer of tissue around the brain. Using antibiotics that cross the blood-brain barrie... |
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| How to prevent Whipple Disease ? | Experts have not yet found a way to prevent Whipple disease. |
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| What to do for Whipple Disease ? | A person with Whipple disease and malabsorption may need
- a diet high in calories and protein - vitamins - nutritional supplements |
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| What to do for Whipple Disease ? | - Whipple disease is a rare bacterial infection that primarily affects the small intestine. Left untreated, Whipple disease gets worse and is usually life threatening. - Bacteria called Tropheryma whipplei (T. whipplei) cause Whipple disease. T. whipplei infection can cause internal sores, also called lesions, and thi... |
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| What is (are) Gallstones ? | Gallstones are hard particles that develop in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ located in the upper right abdomenthe area between the chest and hipsbelow the liver.
Gallstones can range in size from a grain of sand to a golf ball. The gallbladder can develop a single large... |
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| What is (are) Gallstones ? | The biliary tract consists of the gallbladder and the bile ducts. The bile ducts carry bile and other digestive enzymes from the liver and pancreas to the duodenumthe fi rst part of the small intestine.
The liver produces bilea fl uid that carries toxins and waste products out of the body and helps the... |
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| What causes Gallstones ? | Imbalances in the substances that make up bile cause gallstones. Gallstones may form if bile contains too much cholesterol, too much bilirubin, or not enough bile salts. Scientists do not fully understand why these imbalances occur. Gallstones also may form if the gallbladder does not empty completely or often enough.
... |
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| Who is at risk for Gallstones? ? | Certain people have a higher risk of developing gallstones than others:2
- Women are more likely to develop gallstones than men. Extra estrogen can increase cholesterol levels in bile and decrease gallbladder contractions, which may cause gallstones to form. Women may have extra estrogen due to pregnan... |
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| What are the symptoms of Gallstones ? | Many people with gallstones do not have symptoms. Gallstones that do not cause symptoms are called asymptomatic, or silent, gallstones. Silent gallstones do not interfere with the function of the gallbladder, liver, or pancreas.
If gallstones block the bile ducts, pressure increases in the gallbladder,... |
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| What is (are) Gallstones ? | People who think they have had a gallbladder attack should notify their health care provider. Although these attacks usually resolve as gallstones move, complications can develop if the bile ducts remain blocked.
People with any of the following symptoms during or after a gallbladder attack should see ... |
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| How to diagnose Gallstones ? | A health care provider will usually order an ultrasound exam to diagnose gallstones. Other imaging tests may also be used.
- Ultrasound exam. Ultrasound uses a device, called a transducer, that bounces safe, painless sound waves off organs to create an image of their structure. A specially trained tech... |
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| What are the treatments for Gallstones ? | If gallstones are not causing symptoms, treatment is usually not needed. However, if a person has a gallbladder attack or other symptoms, a health care provider will usually recommend treatment. A person may be referred to a gastroenterologista doctor who specializes in digestive diseasesfor treatment. If a person has ... |
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| What to do for Gallstones ? | Factors related to eating, diet, and nutrition that increase the risk of gallstones include
- obesity - rapid weight loss - diets high in calories and refi ned carbohydrates and low in fi ber
People can decrease their risk of gallstones by maintaining a healthy weight through prope... |
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| What to do for Gallstones ? | - Gallstones are hard particles that develop in the gallbladder. - Imbalances in the substances that make up bile cause gallstones. Gallstones may form if bile contains too much cholesterol, too much bilirubin, or not enough bile salts. Scientists do not fully understand why these imbalances occur. - Women, people o... |
On this page: Low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in your blood drops below what is healthy for you. For many people with diabetes, this means a blood glucose reading lower than 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).1 Your number might be different, so check wi... | What is (are) Hypoglycemia ? | Hypoglycemia, also called low blood glucose or low blood sugar, occurs when blood glucose drops below normal levels. Glucose, an important source of energy for the body, comes from food. Carbohydrates are the main dietary source of glucose. Rice, potatoes, bread, tortillas, cereal, milk, fruit, and sweets are all carbo... |
On this page: Low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in your blood drops below what is healthy for you. For many people with diabetes, this means a blood glucose reading lower than 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).1 Your number might be different, so check wi... | What is (are) Hypoglycemia ? | Hypoglycemia, also called low blood glucose or low blood sugar, occurs when blood glucose drops below normal levels. Glucose, an important source of energy for the body, comes from food. Carbohydrates are the main dietary source of glucose. Rice, potatoes, bread, tortillas, cereal, milk, fruit, and sweets are all carbo... |
On this page: Low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in your blood drops below what is healthy for you. For many people with diabetes, this means a blood glucose reading lower than 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).1 Your number might be different, so check wi... | What are the symptoms of Hypoglycemia ? | Hypoglycemia causes symptoms such as
- hunger - shakiness - nervousness - sweating - dizziness or light-headedness - sleepiness - confusion - difficulty speaking - anxiety - weakness
Hypoglycemia can also happen during sleep. Some signs of hypoglycemia during sleep include
... |
On this page: Low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in your blood drops below what is healthy for you. For many people with diabetes, this means a blood glucose reading lower than 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).1 Your number might be different, so check wi... | What are the symptoms of Hypoglycemia ? | Hypoglycemia causes symptoms such as
- hunger - shakiness - nervousness - sweating - dizziness or light-headedness - sleepiness - confusion - difficulty speaking - anxiety - weakness
Hypoglycemia can also happen during sleep. Some signs of hypoglycemia during sleep include
... |
On this page: Low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in your blood drops below what is healthy for you. For many people with diabetes, this means a blood glucose reading lower than 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).1 Your number might be different, so check wi... | What causes Hypoglycemia ? | Diabetes Medications
Hypoglycemia can occur as a side effect of some diabetes medications, including insulin and oral diabetes medicationspillsthat increase insulin production, such as
- chlorpropamide (Diabinese) - glimepiride (Amaryl) - glipizide (Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL) - glybur... |
On this page: Low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in your blood drops below what is healthy for you. For many people with diabetes, this means a blood glucose reading lower than 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).1 Your number might be different, so check wi... | What causes Hypoglycemia ? | Diabetes Medications
Hypoglycemia can occur as a side effect of some diabetes medications, including insulin and oral diabetes medicationspillsthat increase insulin production, such as
- chlorpropamide (Diabinese) - glimepiride (Amaryl) - glipizide (Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL) - glybur... |
On this page: Low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in your blood drops below what is healthy for you. For many people with diabetes, this means a blood glucose reading lower than 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).1 Your number might be different, so check wi... | How to prevent Hypoglycemia ? | Diabetes treatment plans are designed to match the dose and timing of medication to a person's usual schedule of meals and activities. Mismatches could result in hypoglycemia. For example, taking a dose of insulinor other medication that increases insulin levelsbut then skipping a meal could result in hypoglycemia.
... |
On this page: Low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in your blood drops below what is healthy for you. For many people with diabetes, this means a blood glucose reading lower than 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).1 Your number might be different, so check wi... | What are the treatments for Hypoglycemia ? | Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia vary from person to person. People with diabetes should get to know their signs and symptoms and describe them to their friends and family so they can help if needed. School staff should be told how to recognize a child's signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and how to treat it.
... |
On this page: Low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in your blood drops below what is healthy for you. For many people with diabetes, this means a blood glucose reading lower than 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).1 Your number might be different, so check wi... | What are the treatments for Hypoglycemia ? | Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia vary from person to person. People with diabetes should get to know their signs and symptoms and describe them to their friends and family so they can help if needed. School staff should be told how to recognize a child's signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and how to treat it.
... |
On this page: Low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in your blood drops below what is healthy for you. For many people with diabetes, this means a blood glucose reading lower than 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).1 Your number might be different, so check wi... | What to do for Hypoglycemia ? | Two types of hypoglycemia can occur in people who do not have diabetes:
- Reactive hypoglycemia, also called postprandial hypoglycemia, occurs within 4 hours after meals. - Fasting hypoglycemia, also called postabsorptive hypoglycemia, is often related to an underlying disease.
Sympto... |
On this page: Low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in your blood drops below what is healthy for you. For many people with diabetes, this means a blood glucose reading lower than 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).1 Your number might be different, so check wi... | What to do for Hypoglycemia ? | Diabetes-related Hypoglycemia
- When people with diabetes think their blood glucose level is low, they should check it and treat the problem right away. - To treat hypoglycemia, people should have a serving of a quick-fix food, wait 15 minutes, and check their blood glucose again. They should repeat t... |
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| What is (are) Dumping Syndrome ? | Dumping syndrome occurs when food, especially sugar, moves too fast from the stomach to the duodenumthe first part of the small intestinein the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This condition is also called rapid gastric emptying. Dumping syndrome has two forms, based on when symptoms occur:
- early ... |
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| What is (are) Dumping Syndrome ? | The GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anusthe opening where stool leaves the body. The body digests food using the movement of muscles in the GI tract, along with the release of hormones and enzymes. The upper GI tract includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duo... |
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| What causes Dumping Syndrome ? | Dumping syndrome is caused by problems with the storage of food particles in the stomach and emptying of particles into the duodenum. Early dumping syndrome results from rapid movement of fluid into the intestine following a sudden addition of a large amount of food from the stomach. Late dumping syndrome results from ... |
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| What are the symptoms of Dumping Syndrome ? | The symptoms of early and late dumping syndrome are different and vary from person to person. Early dumping syndrome symptoms may include
- nausea - vomiting - abdominal pain and cramping - diarrhea - feeling uncomfortably full or bloated after a meal - sweating - weakness - dizziness - flushin... |
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| How to diagnose Dumping Syndrome ? | A health care provider will diagnose dumping syndrome primarily on the basis of symptoms. A scoring system helps differentiate dumping syndrome from other GI problems. The scoring system assigns points to each symptom and the total points result in a score. A person with a score above 7 likely has dumping syndrome.
... |
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| What are the treatments for Dumping Syndrome ? | Treatment for dumping syndrome includes changes in eating, diet, and nutrition; medication; and, in some cases, surgery. Many people with dumping syndrome have mild symptoms that improve over time with simple dietary changes. |
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| What to do for Dumping Syndrome ? | The first step to minimizing symptoms of dumping syndrome involves changes in eating, diet, and nutrition, and may include
- eating five or six small meals a day instead of three larger meals - delaying liquid intake until at least 30 minutes after a meal - increasing intake of protein, fiber, and co... |
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| What to do for Dumping Syndrome ? | - Dumping syndrome occurs when food, especially sugar, moves too fast from the stomach to the duodenumthe first part of the small intestinein the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. - Dumping syndrome has two forms, based on when symptoms occur: - early dumping syndromeoccurs 10 to 30 minutes after a meal - lat... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Dysplasia ? | Kidney dysplasia is a condition in which the internal structures of one or both of a fetus kidneys do not develop normally while in the womb. During normal development, two thin tubes of muscle called ureters grow into the kidneys and branch out to form a network of tiny structures called tubules. The tubules collect u... |
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| What is (are) Kidney Dysplasia ? | The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every day, the two kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, which is composed of wastes and extra fluid. Children produce less u... |
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| What causes Kidney Dysplasia ? | Genetic factors can cause kidney dysplasia. Genes pass information from both parents to the child and determine the childs traits. Sometimes, parents may pass a gene that has changed, or mutated, causing kidney dysplasia.
Genetic syndromes that affect multiple body systems can also cause kidney dysplas... |
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| How many people are affected by Kidney Dysplasia ? | Kidney dysplasia is a common condition. Scientists estimate that kidney dysplasia affects about one in 4,000 babies.1 This estimate may be low because some people with kidney dysplasia are never diagnosed with the condition. About half of the babies diagnosed with this condition have other urinary tract defects.2 |
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| What are the symptoms of Kidney Dysplasia ? | Many babies with kidney dysplasia in only one kidney have no signs of the condition. In some cases, the affected kidney may be enlarged at birth and may cause pain. |
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| What are the complications of Kidney Dysplasia ? | The complications of kidney dysplasia can include
- hydronephrosis of the working kidney. A baby with kidney dysplasia in only one kidney might have other urinary tract defects. When other defects in the urinary tract block the flow of urine, the urine backs up and causes the kidneys and ureters to swe... |
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| How to diagnose Kidney Dysplasia ? | Health care providers may be able to diagnose kidney dysplasia during a womans pregnancy using a fetal ultrasound, also called a fetal sonogram. Ultrasound uses a device, called a transducer, that bounces safe, painless sound waves off organs to create an image of their structure. Fetal ultrasound is a test done during... |
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| What are the treatments for Kidney Dysplasia ? | If the condition is limited to one kidney and the baby has no signs of kidney dysplasia, no treatment may be necessary. However, the baby should have regular checkups that include
- checking blood pressure. - testing blood to measure kidney function. - testing urine for albumin, a protein most often ... |
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| How to prevent Kidney Dysplasia ? | Researchers have not found a way to prevent kidney dysplasia caused by genetic factors or certain genetic syndromes. Pregnant women can prevent kidney dysplasia by avoiding the use of certain prescription medications or illegal drugs during pregnancy. Pregnant women should talk with their health care provider before ta... |
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| What is the outlook for Kidney Dysplasia ? | The long-term outlook for a child with kidney dysplasia in only one kidney is generally good. A person with one working kidney, a condition called solitary kidney, can grow normally and may have few, if any, health problems.
The affected kidney may shrink as the child grows. By age 10,3 the affected ki... |
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| What is the outlook for Kidney Dysplasia ? | The long-term outlook for a child with kidney dysplasia in both kidneys is different from the long-term outlook for a child with one dysplastic kidney. A child with kidney dysplasia in both kidneys
- is more likely to develop CKD. - needs close follow-up with a pediatric nephrologista doctor who speci... |
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| What to do for Kidney Dysplasia ? | Researchers have not found that eating, diet, and nutrition play a role in causing or preventing kidney dysplasia. |
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| What to do for Kidney Dysplasia ? | - Kidney dysplasia is a condition in which the internal structures of one or both of a fetus kidneys do not develop normally while in the womb. - Genetic factors can cause kidney dysplasia. - Genetic syndromes that affect multiple body systems can also cause kidney dysplasia. - A baby may also develop kidney dysplas... |
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| What is (are) Henoch-Schnlein Purpura ? | Henoch-Schnlein purpura is a disease that causes small blood vessels in the body to become inflamed and leak. The primary symptom is a rash that looks like many small raised bruises. HSP can also affect the kidneys, digestive tract, and joints. HSP can occur any time in life, but it is most common in children between 2... |
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| What causes Henoch-Schnlein Purpura ? | Henoch-Schnlein purpura is caused by an abnormal immune system response in which the bodys immune system attacks the bodys own cells and organs. Usually, the immune system makes antibodies, or proteins, to protect the body from foreign substances such as bacteria or viruses. In HSP, these antibodies attack the blood ve... |
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| What are the symptoms of Henoch-Schnlein Purpura ? | The symptoms of HSP include the following:
- Rash. Leaking blood vessels in the skin cause a rash that looks like bruises or small red dots on the legs, arms, and buttocks. The rash may first look like hives and then change to look like bruises, and it may spread to the chest, back, and face. The rash ... |
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| What are the complications of Henoch-Schnlein Purpura ? | In children, the risk of kidney damage leading to long-term problems may be as high as 15 percent, but kidney failure affects only about 1 percent of children with HSP.1 Up to 40 percent of adults with HSP will have CKD or kidney failure within 15 years after diagnosis.3
A rare complication of HSP is i... |
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| How to diagnose Henoch-Schnlein Purpura ? | A diagnosis of HSP is suspected when a person has the characteristic rash and one of the following:
- abdominal pain - joint pain - antibody deposits on the skin - hematuria or proteinuria
Antibody deposits on the skin can confirm the diagnosis of HSP. These deposits can be detected... |
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| What are the treatments for Henoch-Schnlein Purpura ? | No specific treatment for HSP exists. The main goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms such as joint pain, abdominal pain, and swelling. People with kidney involvement may receive treatment aimed at preventing long-term kidney disease.
Treatment is rarely required for the rash. Joint pain is often tre... |
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| What to do for Henoch-Schnlein Purpura ? | Eating, diet, and nutrition have not been shown to play a role in causing or preventing HSP. |
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| What to do for Henoch-Schnlein Purpura ? | - Henoch-Schnlein purpura (HSP) is a disease that causes small blood vessels in the body to become inflamed and leak. - HSP is caused by an abnormal immune system response in which the bodys immune system attacks the bodys own cells and organs. The factors that cause this immune system response are not known. - The s... |
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| What is (are) Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | Type 2 diabetes, formerly called adult-onset diabetes, is the most common type of diabetes. About 95 percent of people with diabetes have type 2. People can develop type 2 diabetes at any age, even during childhood. However, this type of diabetes develops most often in middle-aged and older people. People who are overw... |
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| How to prevent Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | Yes. The results of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) proved that weight loss through moderate diet changes and physical activity can delay or prevent type 2 diabetes. The DPP was a federally funded study of 3,234 people at high risk for diabetes. This study showed that a 5-to 7-percent weight loss, which for a 200... |
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| What is (are) Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | In addition to type 2, the other main types of diabetes are type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes, formerly called juvenile diabetes, is usually first diagnosed in children, teenagers, and young adults. In this type of diabetes, your pancreas can no ... |
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| What are the symptoms of Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | The signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes can be so mild that you might not even notice them. Nearly 7 million people in the United States have type 2 diabetes and dont know they have the disease. Many have no signs or symptoms. Some people have symptoms but do not suspect diabetes.
Symptoms include
... |
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| Who is at risk for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes? ? | To find out your risk for type 2 diabetes, check each item that applies to you.
- I am age 45 or older. - I am overweight or obese. - I have a parent, brother, or sister with diabetes. - My family background is African American, Alaska Native, American Indian, Asian American, Hispanic/Latino, or Pac... |
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| Who is at risk for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes? ? | You can do a lot to reduce your risk of getting type 2 diabetes. Being more physically active, reducing fat and calorie intake, and losing a little weight can help you lower your chances of developing type 2 diabetes. Taking the diabetes medicine metformin can also reduce risk, particularly in younger and heavier peopl... |
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| Who is at risk for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes? ? | Making big changes in your life is hard, especially if you are faced with more than one change. You can make it easier by taking these steps:
- Make a plan to change behavior. - Decide exactly what you will do and give yourself a time frame. - Plan what you need to get ready. - Track your goals and ... |
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| What to do for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | Your eating, diet, and nutrition choices play an important role in preventing or delaying diabetes. Follow the suggestions below to reach and maintain a reasonable weight and make wise food choices most of the time. Remember that it can take time to change your habits and be patient with yourself. You can also get help... |
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| What is (are) Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children ? | Hemolytic uremic syndrome, or HUS, is a kidney condition that happens when red blood cells are destroyed and block the kidneys' filtering system. Red blood cells contain hemoglobinan iron-rich protein that gives blood its red color and carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body.
When the ki... |
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| What is (are) Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children ? | The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every day, the two kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, composed of wastes and extra fluid. Children produce less urine than... |
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| What causes Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children ? | The most common cause of hemolytic uremic syndrome in children is an Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection of the digestive system. The digestive system is made up of the gastrointestinal, or GI, tracta series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anusand other organs that help the body ... |
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| What are the symptoms of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children ? | A child with hemolytic uremic syndrome may develop signs and symptoms similar to those seen with gastroenteritisan inflammation of the lining of the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine such as
- vomiting - bloody diarrhea - abdominal pain - fever and chills - headache
As ... |
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| How to diagnose Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children ? | A health care provider diagnoses hemolytic uremic syndrome with
- a medical and family history - a physical exam - urine tests - a blood test - a stool test - kidney biopsy
Medical and Family History
Taking a medical and family history is one of the first things a... |
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| What are the complications of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children ? | Most children who develop hemolytic uremic syndrome and its complications recover without permanent damage to their health.1
However, children with hemolytic uremic syndrome may have serious and sometimes life-threatening complications, including
- acute kidney injury - high blood pre... |
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| What are the treatments for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children ? | A health care provider will treat a child with hemolytic uremic syndrome by addressing
- urgent symptoms and preventing complications - acute kidney injury - chronic kidney disease (CKD)
In most cases, health care providers do not treat children with hemolytic uremic syndrome with an... |
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| How to prevent Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children ? | Parents and caregivers can help prevent childhood hemolytic uremic syndrome due to E. coli O157:H7 by
- avoiding unclean swimming areas - avoiding unpasteurized milk, juice, and cider - cleaning utensils and food surfaces often - cooking meat to an internal temperature of at least 160 F - defrostin... |
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| What to do for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children ? | At the beginning of the illness, children with hemolytic uremic syndrome may need IV nutrition or supplements to help maintain fluid balance in the body. Some children may need to follow a low-salt diet to help prevent swelling and high blood pressure.
Health care providers will encourage children with... |
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| What to do for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children ? | - Hemolytic uremic syndrome, or HUS, is a kidney condition that happens when red blood cells are destroyed and block the kidneys' filtering system. - The most common cause of hemolytic uremic syndrome in children is an Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection of the digestive system. - Normally, harmless strains, or type... |
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| What is (are) Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, meaning it is a problem caused by changes in how the GI tract works. Children with a functional GI disorder have frequent symptoms, but the GI tract does not become damaged. IBS is not a disease; it is a group of symptoms that occur together. The ... |
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| What is (are) Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | The GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. The movement of muscles in the GI tract, along with the release of hormones and enzymes, allows for the digestion of food. Organs that make up the GI tract are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large inte... |
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| How many people are affected by Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | Limited information is available about the number of children with IBS. Older studies have reported prevalence rates for recurrent abdominal pain in children of 10 to 20 percent.1 However, these studies did not differentiate IBS from functional abdominal pain, indigestion, and abdominal migraine. One study of children ... |
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| What are the symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | The symptoms of IBS include abdominal pain or discomfort and changes in bowel habits. To meet the definition of IBS, the pain or discomfort should be associated with two of the following three symptoms:
- start with bowel movements that occur more or less often than usual - start with stool that appea... |
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| What causes Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | The causes of IBS are not well understood. Researchers believe a combination of physical and mental health problems can lead to IBS. The possible causes of IBS in children include the following:
- Brain-gut signal problems. Signals between the brain and nerves of the small and large intestines, also ca... |
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| How to diagnose Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | To diagnose IBS, a health care provider will conduct a physical exam and take a complete medical history. The medical history will include questions about the childs symptoms, family members with GI disorders, recent infections, medications, and stressful events related to the onset of symptoms. IBS is diagnosed when t... |
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| What are the treatments for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | Though there is no cure for IBS, the symptoms can be treated with a combination of the following:
- changes in eating, diet, and nutrition - medications - probiotics - therapies for mental health problems |
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| What to do for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | Large meals can cause cramping and diarrhea, so eating smaller meals more often, or eating smaller portions, may help IBS symptoms. Eating meals that are low in fat and high in carbohydrates, such as pasta, rice, whole-grain breads and cereals, fruits, and vegetables may help.
Certain foods and drinks ... |
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| What to do for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | - Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, meaning it is a problem caused by changes in how the GI tract works. Children with a functional GI disorder have frequent symptoms, but the GI tract does not become damaged. - IBS is not a disease; it is a group of symptoms that occur tog... |
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| What is (are) Proctitis ? | Proctitis is inflammation of the lining of the rectum, the lower end of the large intestine leading to the anus. The large intestine and anus are part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. The movement of muscles in the ... |
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| What is (are) Proctitis ? | Proctitis is inflammation of the lining of the rectum, the lower end of the large intestine leading to the anus. The large intestine and anus are part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. The movement of muscles in the ... |
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| What causes Proctitis ? | Proctitis has many causes, including acute, or sudden and short-term, and chronic, or long-lasting, conditions. Among the causes are the following:
- Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). STDs that can be passed when a person is receiving anal sex are a common cause of proctitis. Common STD infections ... |
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| What causes Proctitis ? | Proctitis has many causes, including acute, or sudden and short-term, and chronic, or long-lasting, conditions. Among the causes are the following:
- Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). STDs that can be passed when a person is receiving anal sex are a common cause of proctitis. Common STD infections ... |
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