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id string	question string	answer string	documents list
train_13100	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	This report provides background data on U.S. arms sales agreements with and deliveries to its major purchasers during calendar years 2004-2011, made through the U.S. Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program. In a series of data tables, it lists the total dollar values of U.S. government-to-government arms sales agreements ...	[ "This report provides background data on U.S. arms sales agreements with and deliveries to its major purchasers during calendar years 2004-2011. It provides the total dollar values of U.S. arms agreements with its top five purchasers in five specific regions of the world for the periods 2004-2007, 2008-2011, and fo...
train_13101	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	"Sequestration" is a process of automatic, largely across-the-board spending reductions under which budgetary resources are permanently canceled to enforce certain budget policy goals. It was first authorized by the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (BBEDCA, Title II of P.L. 99-177, commonly kno...	[ "\"Sequestration\" is a process of automatic, largely across-the-board spending reductions to meet or enforce certain budget policy goals. It was first established by the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (BBEDCA, Title II of P.L. 99-177 , 2 U.S.C. 900-922) to enforce deficit targets. In the...
train_13102	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	A South American nation with a population of around 40 million, Argentina returned to elected civilian democracy in 1983 after seven years of harsh military rule. In 2001-2002, the democratic political system experienced considerable stress as the country experienced a severe economic crisis, but ultimately weathered t...	[ "Argentina's democratic political system experienced considerable stress in 2001-2002 when the country experienced a severe economic crisis and related social unrest. In late 2001, as the banking system faltered and confidence in the government of then President Fernando de la Rua evaporated, widespread demonstrati...
train_13103	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Budget Control Act (BCA) is the result of negotiations between the President and Congress held in response to the federal government having nearly reached its borrowing capacity. The BCA authorized increases in the debt limit of at least $2.1 trillion dollars (and up to $2.4 trillion under certain conditions), subj...	[ "The President signed the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA; P.L. 112-25 ) on August 2, 2011. The new law contains multiple interrelated components, several of which establish procedures that will affect the consideration of subsequent legislation. This report begins with a brief overview of the essential features of...
train_13104	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	As an increasing number of communities in the United States face significant flooding, droughts, and degradation of water quality, interest in the management of interstate water basins has heightened. Interstate water management requires a number of interests to be balanced, including different priorities among states ...	[ "As an increasing number of communities in the United States face significant flooding, droughts, and degradation of water quality, interest in the management of interstate water basins has heightened. Interstate water management requires a number of interests to be balanced, including different priorities among st...
train_13105	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	When it comes to future reliable oil supplies, Canada's oil sands will likely account for a greater share of U.S. oil imports. Oil sands account for about 46% of Canada's total oil production and oil sands production is increasing as conventional oil production declines. Since 2004, when a substantial portion of Canada...	[ "Current world oil reserves are estimated at 1.292 trillion barrels. The Middle East accounts for 58% of world oil reserves, and the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) accounts for 70%. The Middle East also leads in reserve growth and undiscovered potential, according to the Energy Information Adm...
train_13106	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	In 2004, Congress passed the Project BioShield Act (P.L. 108-276) to encourage the private sector to develop medical countermeasures against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) terrorism agents and to provide a novel mechanism for federal acquisition of those newly developed countermeasures. Although...	[ "Following the terrorist attacks of 2001, both the Administration and Congress determined that the federal government needed new medical countermeasures (such as diagnostic tests, drugs, vaccines, and other treatments) to respond to an attack using chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear (CBRN) agents. Repre...
train_13107	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	"Tax basis" is one factor used to determine the income tax consequences when an item is disposed of, whether by sale, abandonment, or contribution. The initial basis is usually cost; however, the basis of a gift is related to its basis in the donor's hands, and the basis of inherited property is generally the property'...	[ "This report provides a simplified explanation of the meaning of \"tax basis,\" the factors that determine a taxpayer's tax basis, and some of the ways in which tax basis is used. It is intended to address some situations encountered by individual taxpayers and small businesses. It does not address tax basis as it ...
train_13108	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	U.S.-Argentine economic relations have long history of mutually beneficial engagement. In recent years, however, they have been strained at times, in part because of Argentina's struggle to maintain macroeconomic stability, and also because of specific policy choices that have made the business environment difficult to...	[ "At the close of 2001, Argentina plunged into a devastating financial crisis. Deep recession, high unemployment, and social upheaval brought to power a new government, and with it a new direction in economic policy away from market-oriented policies toward greater government control of the economy. A new emphasis o...
train_13109	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	This report is part of a suite of reports that discuss appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) for FY2017. It specifically discusses appropriations for the components of DHS included in the first title of the homeland security appropriations bill—the Office of the Secretary and Executive Management...	[ "T his report is part of a suite of reports that discuss appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) for FY2017. It specifically discusses appropriations for the components of DHS included in the first title of the homeland security appropriations bill—the Office of the Secretary and Executive Mana...
train_13110	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The procedure for appointing a Justice to the Supreme Court of the United States is provided for by the Constitution in only a few words. The "Appointments Clause" (Article II, Section 2, clause 2) states that the President "shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate shall appoint ... Judges o...	[ "The procedure for appointing a Justice to the Supreme Court of the United States is provided for by the Constitution in only a few words. The \"Appointments Clause\" (Article II, Section 2, clause 2) states that the President \"shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate shall appoint ... ...
train_13111	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Federal habeas corpus is a procedure under which a federal court may review the legality of an individual's incarceration. It is most often the stage of the criminal appellate process that follows direct appeal and any available state collateral review. The law in the area is an intricate weave of statute and case law....	[ "Colonial America was well acquainted with habeas corpus and with occasional suspensions of the writ. The drafters of the United States Constitution, after enumerating the powers of Congress, inserted the limitation that \"the privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Re...
train_13112	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The passage of the Department of Defense (DOD) authorization and appropriations bills through Congress often does not follow the course laid out in textbooks on legislative procedure. Tracking DOD authorization or appropriation bills can be confusing and time-consuming. This has been particularly true in recent years, ...	[ "Before 1961, no prior authorization was required for defense appropriations, except for construction funds. In 1959, the Armed Services Committees attached a rider to the construction authorization ( P.L. 86-149 ) to req uire prior authorization of appropriations to procure planes, missiles, and ships, beginning i...
train_13113	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	On January 20, 2013, President Barack Obama is to be sworn in for his second term. Because January 20 is on a Sunday, however, the ceremonial swearing-in and public inaugural ceremonies will take place on Monday, January 21, 2013. This report responds to a variety of questions relating to the presidential inauguration:...	[ "The next public inauguration ceremony is to take place on January 21, 2013. The 20 th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution states, \"The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20 th day of January ...,\" but when January 20 falls on a Sunday, following historic precedent, the public cerem...
train_13114	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) conducts land exchanges with other land owners to acquire and dispose of land. The agency is authorized to conduct land exchanges under the Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA) of 1976. Additionally, Congress sometimes enacts legislation authorizing and governing specific l...	[ "A land exchange, po pularly viewed as a swap or a trade, is a real estate transaction where the disposal (sale) and acquisition (purchase) of land are combined. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), in the Department of the Interior (DOI), is authorized to exchange land or interests in land under the Federal Land P...
train_13115	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The military construction (MilCon) appropriations bill finances (1) military construction projects in the United States and overseas; (2) military family housing operations and construction;(3) U.S. contributions to the NATO Security Investment Program; and (4) most base realignment andclosure costs. This paper reviews...	[ "The conference committee for military construction appropriations printed itsconference report ( H.Rept. 106-266 ) on July 27, 1999. The conference report agreedto a total $8.4 billion military construction appropriation, which is $776 million lessthan current FY1999 funding. The conference split the difference be...
train_13116	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill includes funding for most of the Department of the Interior (DOI) and for agencies within other departments—including the Forest Service within the Department of Agriculture and the Indian Health Service within the Department of Health and Human Servic...	[ "The annual Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill includes funding for agencies and programs in three separate federal departments as well as numerous related agencies. The bill typically contains three primary titles. Title I provides funding for most Department of the Interior (DOI) agen...
train_13117	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Congress returns to the "farm bill" about every five years to establish an omnibus policy for food and agriculture. Deficit reduction influenced the Agricultural Act of 2014 (P.L. 113-79; 2014 farm bill) throughout its legislative development. Related political dynamics sometimes forced Congress to make difficult choic...	[ "Deficit reduction influenced the Agricultural Act of 2014 ( P.L. 113-79 ; 2014 farm bill) throughout its legislative development. Questions about the availability of mandatory funding, trends over time, and sequestration affected the suite of policies that were enacted. Congress returns to the \"farm bill\" about ...
train_13118	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Both the House and the Senate have passed comprehensive legislation to reauthorize existing Food and Drug Administration (FDA) programs and expand the agency's authority to ensure the safety of prescription drugs, medical devices, and biologics. The Senate passed the Food and Drug Administration Revitalization Act (S. ...	[ "Both chambers of Congress have passed comprehensive legislation to reauthorize expiring programs at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and to expand the agency's authority to help ensure the safety of certain medical products. The bills are the Food and Drug Administration Revitalization Act ( S. 1082 ), and ...
train_13119	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Endangered Species Act (ESA; P.L. 93-205, 16 U.S.C. §§1531-1543) was enacted to increase protection for, and to provide for the recovery of, vanishing wildlife and vegetation. Under ESA, species of plants and animals (both vertebrate and invertebrate) can be listed as endangered or threatened according to assessmen...	[ "Increasing numbers of animal and plant species face possible extinction. Endangered and threatened species—and the law that protects them, the 1973 Endangered Species Act (ESA, P.L. 93-205 , as amended; 16 U.S.C. §§1531-1543)—are controversial, in part, because dwindling species are often harbingers of resource sc...
train_13120	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	According to the Department of Justice, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) is the lead federal agency responsible for stopping the illegal flow of firearms, or gun trafficking, from the United States to Mexico. ATF has developed a nationwide strategy to reduce firearms trafficking and violent...	[ "In the U.S. Department of Justice's National Drug Threat Assessment 2009 , Mexican drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) were identified as the greatest organized crime and drug trafficking threat to the United States worldwide. With increased U.S. efforts to interdict narcotic smugglers in the Caribbean and Flori...
train_13121	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Growth in U.S. shale gas production is driving the expansion of natural gas pipeline infrastructure to transport natural gas from producing regions to consuming markets, typically in other states. If the growth in U.S. shale gas continues as projected, the need for new pipelines could be substantial. One recent industr...	[ "On April 19, 2018, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC, or the commission) initiated a proceeding to review its policies and procedures for the certification (permitting) of interstate natural gas pipelines. Rapid expansion of the U.S. natural gas pipeline network to accommodate new supplies of domestic...
train_13122	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Emergency Food and Shelter National Board (EFS) Program provides supplemental funding to homeless services providers across the nation. EFS was first authorized by P.L. 100-77, the Stewart B. McKinney-Bruce Vento Homeless Assistance Act (Title III, McKinney-Vento Act), which became law in 1987. Eligible services in...	[ "The Emergency Food and Shelter National Board Program (EFS) is administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), making the program somewhat unique in that its purpose is outside of the agency's traditional focus on preparedness and disaster recovery for individual disaster events. EFS funding is pro...
train_13123	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	World events in recent years have led observers, particularly since late 2013, to conclude that the international security environment in recent years has undergone a shift from the post-Cold War era that began in the late 1980s and early 1990s, also sometimes known as the unipolar moment (with the United States as the...	[ "World events in recent years have led observers, particularly since late 2013, to conclude that the international security environment in recent years has undergone a shift from the post-Cold War era that began in the late 1980s and early 1990s, also sometimes known as the unipolar moment (with the United States a...
train_13124	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	On March 16, 2016, President Obama nominated Judge Merrick Garland of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit) to fill the vacancy on the Supreme Court created by the unexpected death of Justice Antonin Scalia in February. Judge Garland was appointed to the D.C. Circuit by President...	[ "O n March 16, 2016, President Obama nominated Judge Merrick Garland of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit) to fill the vacancy on the Supreme Court created by the unexpected death of Justice Antonin Scalia in February. Judge Garland was appointed to the D.C. Circuit by Pre...
train_13125	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	More than 11 million large trucks travel U.S. roads, and almost 4 million people hold commercial driver's licenses. In 2015, large trucks were involved in more than 400,000 motor vehicle crashes serious enough to be registered by police, with nearly 100,000 of those crashes causing injuries and around 3,600 resulting i...	[ "More than 11 million large trucks (trucks weighing over 10,000 pounds) travel U.S. roads, and almost 4 million operators hold commercial driver's licenses. In 2015, large trucks were involved in more than 400,000 motor vehicle crashes serious enough to be registered by police, with nearly 100,000 of those crashes ...
train_13126	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The United States Supreme Court in Skilling v. United States construed the honest services branch of the federal mail and wire fraud statutes to reach no more than cases involving bribery or kickbacks. The mail and wire fraud statutes, 18 U.S.C. Sections 1341 and 1343, impose criminal penalties for the use of mail or i...	[ "The Supreme Court in Skilling v. United States held that the honest services class of mail and wire fraud offenses proscribes only bribery and kickbacks. In doing so, the Court took the middle ground between those who had urged that the definition be found unconstitutionally vague and those who favored sweeping an...
train_13127	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Several proposals designed to address greenhouse gases have been introduced in the 110th Congress. Two proposals, S. 1766, introduced by Senators Bingaman and Specter, and S. 2191, introduced by Senators Lieberman and Warner and reported by the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works on May 20, 2008, are recei...	[ "Climate change is a global issue, but proposed responses generally would require action at the national level. In 1992, the United States ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which called on industrialized countries to take the lead in reducing the six primary greenhouse gas...
train_13128	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	NATO leaders held a summit in Riga, Latvia, November 28-29, 2006. There were no major new initiatives. The allies concentrated their discussion on operations, above all in Afghanistan, capabilities, and partnerships. They also discussed enlargement, but no new members are likely to join the alliance for several years. ...	[ "The NATO summit in Riga, Latvia, on November 28-29, 2006, focused primarily on consolidation of support for existing initiatives. Above all, key allies sought to ensure that member states demonstrate the political will to provide the troops and financing necessary to bring Afghanistan to stability, expected to req...
train_13129	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	South Korea is a major economic partner for the United States. In 2006, trade between the two countries surpassed $75 billion, making South Korea the United States' seventh-largest trading partner—ahead of France and Italy—and its seventh-largest export market. In 2006, the U.S. was Korea's third-largest trading partne...	[ "The United States and South Korea (known formally as the Republic of Korea, or ROK) have been allies since the United States intervened on the Korean Peninsula in 1950 and fought to repel a North Korean takeover of South Korea. Over 33,000 U.S. troops were killed and over 100,000 were wounded during the three-year...
train_13130	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2011, a time when the global economy was struggling to recover from the financial crisis and slow economic growth. The OECD is an intergovernmental economic organization in which the 34 member countries discuss and devel...	[ "The United States, along with a number of European countries, formed the predecessor organization to the OECD, the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC), in order to administer aid under the Marshall Plan for the reconstruction of Europe after World War II. In 1961, the OECD was formed to take over...
train_13131	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Title X Family Planning Program (Title X), enacted in 1970, is the only domestic federal program devoted solely to family planning and related preventive health services. All 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. territories and Freely Associated States (collectively referred to as states) are eligible ...	[ "The Title X Family Planning Program (Title X), enacted in 1970, is the only domestic federal program devoted solely to family planning and related preventive health services. It is administered by the Office of Population Affairs (OPA), under the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health (OASH) within the Depar...
train_13132	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	In international trade, the term most-favored-nation (MFN) treatment has a meaning atvariance with what it appears to mean: the expression means equal -- rather than exclusivelyfavorable -- treatment and is often used interchangeably with "nondiscriminatory." To make thisdistinction clearer and avoid a possibly mislead...	[ "In international trade, the expression \"most-favored-nation,\" usually abbreviated \"MFN,\"status (or treatment) has a specific meaning quite different from what it appears to mean. Whilesuggesting special and exclusive privileges granted to one country, it means in reality equal treatmentof all countries granted...
train_13133	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Congress has always restricted federal debt. The Second Liberty Bond Act of 1917 included an aggregate limit on federal debt as well as limits on specific debt issues. Through the 1920s and 1930s, Congress altered the form of those restrictions to give the U.S. Treasury more flexibility in debt management and to allow ...	[ "The statutory debt limit applies to almost all federal debt. The limit applies to federal debt held by the public (that is, debt held outside the federal government itself) and to federal debt held by the government's own accounts. Federal trust funds, such as Social Security, Medicare, Transportation, and Civil S...
train_13134	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	On June 14, 2004 the Supreme Court resolved a conflict among the federal circuitsconcerning the defenses, if any, that may be available toan employer against an employee's claim that she was forced to resign because of "intolerable" sexual harassmentat the hands of a supervisor. An employer may generally assert anaffir...	[ "RS21702 -- Sexual Harassment, Constructive Discharge, and Employers' Affirmative Defenses: The U.S. SupremeCourt Decision in Pennsylvania State Police v.Suders Updated June 18, 2004 Originally, courts drew a distinction for purposes of employer liability between so-called \" quid pro quo \" and \"hostile environme...
train_13135	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	New federal tax credits, authorized under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148, as amended), first became available in 2014 to help certain individuals pay for health insurance. The tax credits apply toward premiums for private health plans offered through exchanges (also referred to as hea...	[ "New federal tax credits were authorized in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148 , as amended), to help certain individuals pay for health insurance coverage, beginning in 2014. The tax credits apply toward premiums for private health plans offered through exchanges (also referred to as...
train_13136	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	An issue for Congress and state and local governments is whether the pay and benefits of public workers are comparable to those of workers in the private sector. In addition, among the ways to reduce budget deficits, policy makers are considering the pay and benefits of public sector employees. The number of people emp...	[ "An issue for Congress and state and local governments is whether the pay and benefits of public workers are comparable to those of workers in the private sector. The effect of the recession that officially began in December 2007 and ended in June 2009 on government budgets increased the interest of policy makers i...
train_13137	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-171), as amended by the DTV Delay Act, directed that on June 12, 2009, all over-the-air full-power television broadcasts—which were previously provided by television stations in both analog and digital formats—would become digital only. Digital television (DTV) technology all...	[ "After June 12, 2009, households with over-the-air analog-only televisions will no longer be able to receive full-power television service unless they either (1) buy a digital-to-analog converter box to hook up to their analog television set; (2) acquire a digital television or an analog television equipped with a ...
train_13138	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	When the Soviet Union collapsed in late 1991, it reportedly possessed more than 27,000 nuclear weapons, and these weapons were deployed on the territories of several of the former Sovietrepublics. All of the nuclear warheads have now been moved to Russia, but Russia still has around5,500 strategic nuclear weapons and p...	[ "After the 1991 demise of the Soviet Union, many analysts grew concerned that nuclear weaponsmight be lost or stolen, or that some might be launched by accident or without authorization byresponsible officials. Many of these weapons were located outside Russia, but have since beenreturned to storage areas in Russia...
train_13139	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Proposals to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases often include the use of forestry and agricultural practices and lands for carbon sequestration. However, uncertainty about the accuracy of measuring carbon from these activities has led some to question this potential. Basic approaches for meas...	[ "Concerns about global climate change and its impacts on the environment and the economy are encouraging policy-makers and stakeholders to explore a range of options to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs). Congress is considering legislation that would, among other things, p...
train_13140	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	On June 27, 2018, Justice Anthony M. Kennedy announced that, effective July 31, 2018, he would retire from active service as an Associate Justice on the Supreme Court of the United States. His decisive role on the Court, particularly since the Roberts Court era began in 2005, cannot be overstated. The Roberts Court era...	[ "O n June 27, 2018, Justice Anthony M. Kennedy announced that, effective July 31, 2018, he would retire from active service as an Associate Justice on the Supreme Court of the United States. Nominated to replace Justice Lewis Powell in 1987, Justice Kennedy has been one of the longest-serving Justices in the histor...
train_13141	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The health of the U.S. manufacturing sector is of ongoing interest to Congress. Numerous bills aimed at promoting manufacturing are introduced in each Congress, often with the stated goal of creating jobs. Implicit in many of these bills is the assumption that the manufacturing sector is uniquely able to provide well-p...	[ "After rebounding from recession between 2009 and 2014, U.S. manufacturing output has grown little since the second half of 2014. Over the same period, employment in the U.S. manufacturing sector has increased slightly. These trends defy expectations that forces such as higher labor costs in the emerging economies ...
train_13142	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	American voters elect the President and Vice President of the United States under a complex arrangement of constitutional provisions, federal and state laws, and political party practices known as the electoral college system. For additional information on contemporary operation of the system, please consult CRS Report...	[ "American voters elect the President and Vice President of the United States under a complex arrangement of constitutional provisions, federal and state laws, and political party practices known as the electoral college system. Despite occasional close elections, this system has delivered uncontested results in 47 ...
train_13143	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	More differences than similarities emerge when comparing selected House and Senate rules of procedure for referring legislation to committees, and for scheduling, raising and considering measures on the floor. While the House uses four calendars (Union, House, Private, Discharge), the Senate only employs two calendars ...	[ "House and Senate rules of procedure are largely a function of the number of members comprising each chamber. In the House, a structured legislative process and strict adherence to the body's rules and precedents have resulted from the need to manage how 435 Representatives make decisions. By contrast, the Senate's...
train_13144	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	In approving the FY2001 agriculture appropriations act, Congress codified the lifting of unilateral sanctions on commercial sales of food, agricultural commodities, medicine, and medical products to Iran, Libya, North Korea, and Sudan, and extended this policy to apply to Cuba (Title IX of H.R. 5426, as enacted by P.L....	[ "On June 22, 2006, the Senate Appropriations Committee, during markup of its FY2007 agriculture spending measure, adopted by voice vote an amendment (section 755 of H.R. 5384 ) to facilitate travel related to licensed sales of agricultural and medical goods to Cuba. There is no similar provision in the agriculture ...
train_13145	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Responsibility for U.S. nuclear weapons resides in both the Department of Defense (DOD) and the Department of Energy (DOE). DOD develops, deploys, and operates the missiles and aircraft that deliver nuclear warheads. It also generates the military requirements for the warheads carried on those platforms. DOE, and its s...	[ "The U.S. nuclear weapons complex, which the Department of Energy (DOE) refers to as the Nuclear Security Enterprise, is the current incarnation of an evolving infrastructure designed to meet the requirements mandated by the Atomic Energy Act to \"ensure ... the [U.S. nuclear] stockpile is safe, secure, and reliabl...
train_13146	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Recently, the number of Member offices adopting social media as an official communications tool has increased. With the increased use of social media accounts for official representational duties, the House has adopted policies and regulations regarding the creation, content, and use of third-party social media service...	[ "T his report answers several common questions about the regulation of social media accounts in the House of Representatives. Recently, the number of Member offices adopting social media as an official communications tool has increased. With the increased use of social media accounts for official representational d...
train_13147	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Electric utility provisions were included in comprehensive energy legislation( H.R. 6 ) that passed the House on April 21, 2005. For an analysis of all provisions ofHouse-passed H.R. 6, see CRS Report RL32936 , Omnibus Energy Legislation, 109thCongress: Assessment of H.R. 6 as passed by the House . The Senate Passed it...	[ "Section 1201. Short title. This title may be citedas the \"Electric Reliability Act of 2005.\" Section 1211. Electric Reliability Standards. This section would require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to promulgate ruleswithin 180 days of enactment to create a FERC-certified electric reliability org...
train_13148	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Paragraph 2 of Senate Rule XXII, also known as the "cloture rule," was adopted in 1917. It established a procedure, amended several times over the intervening years, by which the Senate may limit debate and act on a pending measure or matter. Aside from unanimous consent agreements and statutory limits applying to cert...	[ "Proposals to limit Senate debate are as old as the Senate itself. Over the 224-year history of the body, numerous procedures have been proposed to allow the Senate to end discussion and act. The most important debate-limiting procedure enacted was the adoption in 1917 of the \"cloture rule,\" codified in paragraph...
train_13149	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	California has adopted regulations requiring new motor vehicles to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), beginning in model year 2009. The Clean Air Act (CAA) generally preempts states from adopting their own emission standards for mobile sources. However, the act allows such standards in California, if the stat...	[ "Every federal law imposing environmental standards raises the question of whether the states are allowed to set stricter standards. In deference to states' rights, Congress's usual approach is to allow stricter state standards; for example, the Clean Air Act (CAA) allows stricter state standards for stationary sou...
train_13150	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Hundreds of thousands of families were displaced from their homes by Hurricane Katrina. Many of the displaced families lacked economic means before the storm; others may have become disadvantaged because of the storm. The role of the federal government in helping to meet both the short- and long-term housing needs of d...	[ "Hurricane Katrina's devastation to the nation's housing stock was unprecedented. The 2005 hurricanes (Katrina, Rita, and Wilma) and their related flooding were estimated to have damaged 1.2 million units of housing; of those, over 300,000 were seriously damaged or destroyed. The Congressional Research Service (CRS...
train_13151	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	On March 25, 2003, President Bush requested $74.8 billion in the FY2003 Emergency Supplemental for ongoing military operations in Iraq, postwar occupation, reconstruction and reliefin Iraq, international assistance to countries contributing to the war in Iraq or the global war onterrorism, the cost of the continued U.S...	[ "On April 12, the House and Senate approved the conference version of the FY2003Supplemental ( H.R. 1559 / H.Rept. 108-76 ) providing $78.49 billion to cover the costsof military operations in Iraq, relief and reconstruction of Iraq, ongoing U.S. costs in Afghanistan,additional aid to coalition partners and nations...
train_13152	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Judge Samuel Alito, President Bush's nominee to replace retiring Justice Sandra DayO'Connor as an associate justice on the Supreme Court, has been a judge for the U.S. Court ofAppeals for the Third Circuit since 1990. This report discusses notable majority and dissentingopinions written by Judge Alito relating to immig...	[ "Immigration matters primarily come before federal appellate courts through petitions toreview final orders of removal by the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA), the highestadministrative body responsible for interpreting and applying immigration laws. (2) Among other things, the BIAhears administrative appeals of ...
train_13153	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	As President Obama announced initiatives addressing climate change on June 25, 2013, a major focus of attention was the prospect of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards for fossil-fueled—mostly coal-fired—electric generating units (EGUs). EGUs (more commonly referred to as power plants) are the largest anthropogenic...	[ "Since 2009, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has begun to address emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from both mobile and stationary sources, using broad regulatory authority provided by Congress decades ago in the Clean Air Act. Although Congress has never specifically directed EPA to regulate emission...
train_13154	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) was established by Title X of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Financial Protection Act (P.L. 111-203, the Dodd-Frank Act). The creation of the CFPB consolidates many existing consumer financial protection responsibilities into one agency. The Dodd-Frank Act...	[ "One of the first actions by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) after the appointment of Richard Cordray as its director was to announce its new Nonbank Supervision Program. A nonbank is an institution that provides financial services or products but does not have a bank, thrift, or credit union charte...
train_13155	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	On March 23, 2010, the President signed into law H.R. 3590, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) as passed by the Senate on December 24, 2009, and the House on March 21, 2010. The new law will, among other changes, make statutory changes affecting the regulation of and payment for certain types of pri...	[ "On December 24, 2009, the Senate passed health reform legislation (the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, hereafter referred to as H.R. 3590 , or the Senate bill) that would, among other changes, make statutory changes affecting the regulation of and payment for certain types of private health insurance. ...
train_13156	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), a wholly owned U.S. government corporation, is referred to as the U.S. development finance institution (DFI). It provides political risk insurance, project and investment funds financing, and other services to promote U.S. direct investment in developing countries and...	[ "T he Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) is a wholly owned U.S. government corporation that seeks to promote economic growth in less developed economies through the mobilization of private capital, in support of U.S. foreign policy goals. It is often referred to as the U.S. government's development fina...
train_13157	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	This report focuses on remittances, transfers of money and capital sent by migrants and foreign immigrant communities to their home country. At over $432 billion in 2015, remittances sent home by international migrants to developing countries are larger than official development assistance (ODA) and more stable than pr...	[ "This report focuses on remittances, transfers of money and capital sent by migrants and foreign immigrant communities to their home county. Increasing migration is a defining feature of the current global economy. Migrants account for around 3.4% of the global population and the number of foreign-born residents in...
train_13158	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	On January 7, 2003, the House created a Select Committee on Homeland Security withlegislative and oversight jurisdiction over the newly created Department of Homeland Security. The selectcommittee is alsomandated to study House rules, including Rule X, as they apply to homeland security matters, and to recommendchanges...	[ "RS21643 -- House Committee System: Jurisdiction and Referral Reform Options Updated March 24, 2004 The committee system is central to the legislative process. Committees are the initial point of referral for measures introduced andoften the place where the fate of a measure is determined, in part because most meas...
train_13159	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Iraq's sectarian and ethnic divisions—muted toward the end of the 2003-2011 U.S. military intervention in Iraq—are fueling a major challenge to Iraq's stability and to U.S. policy in Iraq and the broader Middle East region. The resentment of Iraq's Sunni Arabs toward the Shiite-dominated central government facilitated ...	[ "This report provides background and analysis on the politics of Iraq, including its communities, its governing personalities and factions, security forces and militias, and the government's human rights record. The report does not provide a detailed analysis of the U.S.-led campaign to defeat Islamic State forces ...
train_13160	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Department of Transportation (DOT) is funded through annual appropriations acts. ForFY2006, the Administration requested $58.3 billion for the Department of Transportation. This is$1.4 billion (2%) less than the $59.7 billion provided for FY2005. The major proposed reductionswere the Administration's zeroing out of...	[ "On December 30, 2005, President Bush signed the FY2006 Department of Defenseappropriations bill into law ( P.L. 109-148 ). That bill included a provision (Section 3801) rescindingone percent of all non-emergency federal discretionary funding for FY2006. The bill also provided$2.8 billion in supplemental funding to...
train_13161	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	This report reviews the background, regulatory framework, and policy issues that have shaped the debate over regional energy efficiency standards for residential natural gas furnaces. Those furnaces are the most common type of home heating appliance. While the scope of the report is limited to that one type of furnace,...	[ "Space heating is the largest energy-using activity in the residential sector, accounting for nearly 40% of total residential energy use. Natural gas furnaces account for about half of that total. About 40% of households use natural gas furnaces—the most common type of equipment and fuel—used for space heating. Fur...
train_13162	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The federal budget deficit has exceeded $1 trillion in each of the last four fiscal years (FY2009-FY2012). Concern over these large deficits, as well as the long-term trajectory of the federal budget, resulted in significant debate during the 112th Congress over how to achieve meaningful deficit reduction and how to im...	[ "In the context of large budget deficits, Congress was faced with a variety of policies that were set to reduce spending and increase revenues at the end of 2012. Numerous expiring provisions, across-the-board spending cuts, and other short-term considerations having a major budgetary impact, were scheduled to take...
train_13163	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Housing Trust Fund (HTF) was established by the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (HERA, P.L. 110-289) to provide funds to states to use for affordable housing activities, with a focus on producing rental housing for extremely low-income households. It is administered by the Department of Housing and Urban ...	[ "The Housing Trust Fund (HTF), administered by the Department of Hous ing and Urban Development (HUD ) , provides formula funds to states to use for certain affordable housing activities. The HTF was established by the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (HERA, P.L. 110-289 ), which contained a wide range of ...
train_13164	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	On May 23, 2017, the Trump Administration delivered its first full budget proposal to the 115th Congress, a request that included $10.4 billion for military construction activities. Of this amount, the Administration requested $9.8 billion for military construction and family housing in the base budget, and $0.6 billio...	[ "The Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies appropriations bill provides funding for the planning, design, construction, alteration, and improvement of Department of Defense (DOD) facilities used by active and reserve components worldwide. It capitalizes military family housing and the U.S. s...
train_13165	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The projected economic and societal benefits of nanotechnology have propelled global investments by nations and companies. The United States launched the first national nanotechnology initiative in 2000. Since then, more than 60 nations have launched similar initiatives. In 2006, global public investment in nanotechnol...	[ "Nanotechnology is believed by many to be one of the most promising areas of technological development and among the most likely to deliver substantial economic and societal benefits to the United States in the 21 st century. With so much potentially at stake, a global competition has emerged among nations and comp...
train_13166	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Controversy has surrounded attempts by several state legislatures to limit the consideration of Islamic religious law (commonly referred to as sharia) or religious law generally, in domestic courts. In one of the most publicized examples, Oklahoma voters definitively approved a state constitutional amendment that prohi...	[ "Over the past year, several state legislatures have proposed measures that would restrict the consideration of religious law in domestic courts. In November 2010, voters in Oklahoma definitively approved a state constitutional amendment that would prohibit the use or application of Islamic law (sharia) in state co...
train_13167	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	From the start of the 112th Congress, reform of the current U.S. corporate tax system has been widely debated as an option to stimulate the economy. Most of the debate has focused on lowering the corporate tax rate and moving toward a territorial system. An exception to this approach is a plan to reduce the tax rate on...	[ "The legislative agenda at the start of the 112 th Congress has been dominated by discussions concerning the deficit and the debt limit. In addition, reform of the current U.S. corporate tax system has been widely debated as an option to stimulate the economy. Most of the debate has focused on lowering the corporat...
train_13168	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The clearing process for checks is more expensive than other methods of payment which are cleared electronically, such as credit cards and Internet banking. The main reason is that checkclearing requires banks to physically present and return checks unless they obtain legal agreementsto clear electronically. The Check ...	[ "The United States banking system processes approximately 42.5 billion checks annually, butonly a fraction of these checks is processed electronically by check truncation. Check truncationoccurs when the check is stopped before it reaches the paying bank and the check clearing processis completed electronically. (T...
train_13169	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Groundwater, the water in aquifers accessible by wells, is a critical component of the U.S. water supply. It is important for both domestic and agricultural water needs, among other uses. Nearly half of the nation's population uses groundwater to meet daily needs; in 2015, about 149 million people (46% of the nation's ...	[ "G roundwater, the water in aquifers accessible by wells, is a critical component of the U.S. water supply. It serves as a water source for domestic use and as irrigation water for agriculture, and it is used in mining, oil and gas development, industrial processes, livestock, and thermoelectric power, among other ...
train_13170	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	This report provides a brief outline of the FY2015 annual appropriations measure for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and its enactment by the 114th Congress. It serves as a complement to CRS Report R43796, Department of Homeland Security: FY2015 Appropriations. The Administration requested $38.3 billion in ad...	[ "This report provides a brief outline of the FY2015 annual appropriations measure for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and its enactment by the 114 th Congress. It serves as a complement to CRS Report R43796, Department of Homeland Security: FY2015 Appropriations . The first portion of this report outlines...
train_13171	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Trade-based money laundering (TBML) involves the exploitation of the international trade system for the purpose of transferring value and obscuring the true origins of illicit wealth. TBML schemes vary in complexity but typically involve misrepresentation of the price, quantity, or quality of imports or exports. Financ...	[ "Trade-based money laundering (TBML) involves the exploitation of the international trade system for the purpose of transferring value and obscuring the true origins of illicit wealth. The Financial Action Task Force (FATF), an intergovernmental standard-setting body on anti-money laundering and combating the finan...
train_13172	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	This report examines the standard used currently by the National Labor Relations Board ("Board") to determine whether two businesses may be considered joint employers for purposes of the rights and protections afforded by the National Labor Relations Act ("NLRA"). In a June 2014 amicus brief filed with the Board, the B...	[ "In July 2014, the General Counsel of the National Labor Relations Board (\"Board\") announced that he had authorized complaints against McDonald's, USA, LLC (\"McDonald's USA\"), for alleged violations of the National Labor Relations Act (\"NLRA\" or \"the Act\") by the company and its franchisees. Prior to the an...
train_13173	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Conferees on the House and Senate energy bills ( H.R. 6 ) met on November 17,2003 and approved a conference report. On November 18, 2003, the House approved the Conferencereport to H.R. 6 by a vote of 246-180. On November 21, 2003, a cloture motion to limitdebate on H.R. 6 in the Senate failed by a vote of 57-40. This ...	[ "Conferees on the House and Senate energy bills ( H.R. 6 ) met on November 17,2003 and approved a conference report ( H.Rept. 108-375 ). On November 18, 2003, the Houseapproved the Conference report to H.R. 6 by a vote of 246-180. On November 21,2003, a cloture motion to limit debate on H.R. 6 failed in the Senate ...
train_13174	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Analysis of publicly available information on homegrown violent jihadist activity in the United States since September 11, 2001, suggests that the Islamic State (IS) and its acolytes may pose broad challenges to domestic law enforcement and homeland security efforts. Homegrown IS-inspired plots can be broken into three...	[ "S ince 2014, the Islamic State (IS) has become the focal point for the bulk of homegrown violent jihadist terrorist plots. This includes instances in which people in the United States wanted to travel to Syria to fight with extremist groups in the nation's civil war as well as plots to strike domestic targets. Reg...
train_13175	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Major disasters such as Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Wilma, which struck Gulf Coast states in 2005, have the potential not only to cause mental health problems for individuals, but also to weaken or disable the systems designed to address those individuals' needs. Striking an appropriate balance of responsiveness, fis...	[ "Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast in late August 2005, causing catastrophic wind damage and flooding in several states, and a massive dislocation of victims across the country. According to government sources, the storm, one of the worst natural disasters in the nation's history, killed at least 1,464 people...
train_13176	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Four and a half months after announcing his decision to vaccinate military personnel and front-line civilian health workers against smallpox, President George W. Bush, on April 30, 2003, signedthe Smallpox Emergency Personnel Protection Act of 2003 ( P.L. 108-20 ). Under the new law, thefederal government will provide ...	[ "Four and a half months after announcing his decision to vaccinate military personnel and front-line civilianhealth workers against smallpox, 3 months after the vaccination program officiallybegan, and 7 weeks after Senator Gregg introduced the administration smallpox vaccine injurycompensation proposal, President ...
train_13177	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies appropriations bill provides funding for the planning, design, construction, alteration, and improvement of facilities used by active and reserve military components worldwide. It capitalizes military family housing and the U.S. share of the NATO Securit...	[ "FY2013 discretionary appropriations were considered in the context of the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA, P.L. 112-25 ), which established discretionary spending limits for FY2012-FY2021. The BCA also tasked a Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction to develop a federal deficit reduction plan for Congress and...
train_13178	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Over the past 25 years, the relationship between the United States and Poland has been close and cooperative. The United States strongly supported Poland's accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1999 and backed its entry into the European Union (EU) in 2004. In recent years, Poland has made signi...	[ "Many U.S. officials and Members of Congress consider Poland to be a key U.S. ally and one of the strongest U.S. partners in Europe. According to the U.S. State Department, areas of close bilateral cooperation include \"issues such as NATO capabilities, democratization, counterterrorism, nonproliferation, missile d...
train_13179	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The earned income tax credit (EITC), established in the tax code in 1975, provides cash assistance to lower income working parents and individuals through the tax system. The EITC will be higher in 2012 and 2013 than it was in 2011. An increase in the size of the EITC will occur because the maximum amount of earned inc...	[ "Qualifications for, and the amount of, the earned income tax credit (EITC) depend on the amount of earned income, adjusted gross income (AGI), and whether the tax filer has a qualified child. For the EITC, a qualified child is determined by the definition of a qualified child for the personal exemption. In general...
train_13180	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	In September 2017, Hurricanes Irma and Maria, both Category 5 storms, caused catastrophic damage to the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI), which include the main islands of Saint Croix, Saint John, and Saint Thomas among other smaller islands and cays. Hurricane Irma hit the USVI on September 6, with the eye passing over St. ...	[ "In September 2017, Hurricanes Irma and Maria, both Category 5 storms, caused catastrophic damage to the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI). On September 6, the eye of Hurricane Irma passed over portions of the USVI—including St. Thomas and St. John—with maximum winds of 185 miles per hour (mph). On September 20, the eye o...
train_13181	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA, P.L. 111-5) provided $7.2 billion primarily for broadband grant programs to be administered by two separate agencies: the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) of the Department of Commerce (DOC) and the Rural Utilities Service (RUS) of the U...	[ "Broadband infrastructure refers to networks of deployed telecommunications equipment and technologies necessary to provide high-speed Internet access and other advanced telecommunications services for private homes, businesses, commercial establishments, schools, and public institutions. In the United States, broa...
train_13182	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The proposed combination of Comcast, the largest distributor of video services in the United States, and NBC Universal (NBCU), a major producer and aggregator of video content, would create a huge, vertically integrated entity with potentially enormous negotiating power at a time when market forces already are altering...	[ "The proposed combination of Comcast, the largest distributor of video services in the United States, and NBC Universal (NBCU), a major producer and aggregator of video content, would create a huge, vertically integrated entity with potentially enormous negotiating power at a time when market forces already are alt...
train_13183	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The September 11, 2001 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon led to the closing the following day of 50 of the nearly 260 U.S. embassiesand consulates worldwide. A week later, however, all U.S. facilities were open for business. Additionally, threeembassies - in Pakistan, Yemen, andTurkmenistan - ...	[ "U.S. embassy security needs have evolved and expanded over recent decades. During the 1950s, U.S. embassieswere intentionally grand and highly visible toshowcase the American way of life and promote democracy. It was believed then that by placing embassies in thecenter of foreign cities, U.S. diplomats andservices...
train_13184	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Federal law requires the President to submit an annual budget to Congress no later than the first Monday in February. The budget informs Congress of the President's overall federal fiscal policy based on proposed spending levels, revenues, and deficit (or surplus) levels. The budget request lays out the President's rel...	[ "Federal law requires the President to submit an annual budget to Congress no later than the first Monday in February. The budget informs Congress of the President's overall federal fiscal policy based on proposed spending levels, revenues, and deficit (or surplus) levels. The budget request lays out the President'...
train_13185	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	This report summarizes what is known from open sources about the North Korean nuclear weapons program—including weapons-usable fissile material and warhead estimates—and assesses current developments in achieving denuclearization. Little detailed open-source information is available about the DPRK's nuclear weapons pro...	[ "In the early 1980s, U.S. satellites tracked a growing indigenous nuclear program in North Korea. The North Korean nuclear program began in the late 1950s with cooperation agreements with the Soviet Union on a nuclear research program near Yongbyon. Its first research reactor began operation in 1967. North Korea us...
train_13186	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (Titles I-IX of P.L. 93-344, as amended) created a process that Congress uses each year to establish and enforce the parameters for budgetary legislation. Enforcement of budgetary decisions is accomplished through the use of points of order, and through the reconciliation process. P...	[ "The Congressional Budget Act of 1974 established the basic framework that is used today for congressional consideration of budget and fiscal policy. The act provided for the adoption of a concurrent resolution on the budget (budget resolution) as a mechanism for coordinating congressional budgetary decision making...
train_13187	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII) generally prohibits discrimination in the workplace, but does not contain an express prohibition against harassment. The Supreme Court, however, has interpreted the statute to prohibit certain forms of harassment, including sexual harassment. Since first recognizing...	[ "The issue of sexual harassment in the workplace has received significant attention in recent months amid reports of harassment and sexual assault by high-level executives, managers, and employees across a range of industries. This attention has prompted inquiries into the prevalence of harassment, the scope and su...
train_13188	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Market and technological changes are creating challenges to the long-standing business models employed by broadcast television networks and local television stations, but at the same time generating potential opportunities. The changes also may be affecting the three pillars of U.S. government media policy—localism, di...	[ "Market and technological changes are creating challenges to the long-standing business models employed by broadcast television networks and local television stations, but at the same time generating potential opportunities for those networks and stations. These changes generally are strengthening the position of p...
train_13189	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	In recent years, the time needed to comply with various environmental laws has been the subject of public scrutiny and debate in Congress. As a result, numerous administrative and legislative efforts (both proposed and enacted) have intended to expedite or streamline the environmental compliance process. Although metho...	[ "A multitude of factors can affect the timing of federal project delivery. Factors that may contribute to delays in a federal project include changes in the planning and design process, changes in funding priorities, construction complexities, local controversy or community opposition to a project, and compliance w...
train_13190	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Consumer Operated and Oriented Plan (CO-OP) program was included in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148) in an effort to increase the competitiveness of state health insurance markets and improve choice. Under the program, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) uses appropr...	[ "T he Consumer Operated and Oriented Plan (CO-OP) program was established under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148 , as amended). The purpose of the program is to foster the creation of CO-OPs—nonprofit, member-run health insurance issuers that sell health plans in states in which the...
train_13191	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The 2008 farm bill (the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, P.L. 110-246 provided mandatory funding for many programs. Some of these programs had budget baseline beyond the end of the farm bill in FY2012, while others did not. Those with continuing baseline essentially had built-in future funding if policy make...	[ "The 2008 farm bill (the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, P.L. 110-246 )—as extended by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 ( P.L. 112-240 )—authorized most federal farm and food policies through the end of 2013. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) baseline—a projection at a particular point in ti...
train_13192	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Under current law, the hardrock mineral industry pays no royalty to the federal government for the privilege of extracting resources from federal lands. This differs from the federal policy toward the coal and oil/gas industries, the policy of State governments, and the leasing arrangements in the private sector, which...	[ "Since 1872, hardrock mining on federal lands has been governed by the General Mining Law, which allows virtually free access to open public domain lands for mineral prospecting, staking claims, exploration and development, and extraction without payment of a royalty. And until annual moratoria were imposed by Cong...
train_13193	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	A number of non-governmental organizations (NGOs)—non-profit, charitable institutions—have been active in North Korea since the mid-1990s. Although their work is relatively limited in scope, it is of interest to U.S. policy-makers because of the deep isolation of the regime in Pyongyang. Several American and internatio...	[ "Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have been active in North Korea since the 1990s. Their work has raised debates about what role NGOs should play in countries ruled by repressive regimes like North Korea's. NGOs and other providers of aid face an ethical dilemma in such countries: How does one provide assistan...
train_13194	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	This report provides a snapshot of the characteristics of the poor in the United States in 2015. It shows that people from families whose income falls below the federal poverty thresholds represent a diverse subset of the overall population. There were 43 million people living below the federal poverty level in 2015, r...	[ "Poverty has become a topic of interest for Congress. While the most recent Census report, for 2015, shows the largest statistically significant one-year decline in the overall poverty rate since 1999, poverty remains higher than it was prior to the Great Recession. Further, poverty rates have primarily been rising...
train_13195	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Two important components of access to mental health and substance use disorder services are their insurance coverage and the terms under which they are covered. Federal mental health parity law addresses the terms under which mental health and substance use disorder services are covered in comparison with medical and s...	[ "Access to mental health and substance use disorder services is determined in part by the insurance coverage of these services and by the terms under which the services are covered. Federal parity law and the health reform law affect both the coverage of mental health and substance use disorder services, as well as...
train_13196	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Supreme Court's grant of review in Conestoga Wood Specialties Corp. v. Secretary of U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and Hobby Lobby Stores v. Sebelius, along with recent federal court decisions, has highlighted the ongoing controversy over the scope of the Affordable Care Act's (ACA's) contraceptive co...	[ "Recent court decisions have highlighted the ongoing controversy over the scope of the Affordable Care Act's (ACA's) contraceptive coverage requirement and, more generally, whether religious freedom rights extend to commercial entities as well as nonprofits and individuals. Although illustrated by the contraceptive...
train_13197	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program provides Direct Loan borrowers who, on or after October 1, 2007, are employed full-time in certain public service jobs for 10 years while making 120 separate qualifying monthly payments on their Direct Loans with the opportunity to have any remaining balance of princip...	[ "Student loan forgiveness and loan repayment programs provide borrowers a means of having all or part of their student loan debt forgiven or repaid upon satisfying certain criteria, such as having worked or served in particular fields or professions for a specified period of time. Some of these programs are intende...
train_13198	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	The Food Security Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-198, 1985 farm bill) included a number of significant agricultural conservation provisions designed to reduce farm production and conserve soil and water resources. Many of the provisions remain in effect today, including the two compliance provisions—highly erodible land conserva...	[ "F ederal policies and programs traditionally have offered voluntary incentives to producers to plan and apply resource-conserving practices on private lands. It was not until the 1980s that Congress took an alternative approach to agricultural conservation through enactment of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( P.L. ...
train_13199	Write a detailed summary of the following government report.	Apprenticeship is a workforce development strategy that trains a worker for a specific occupation using a structured combination of paid on-the-job training and related instruction. Increased costs for higher education and possible mismatches between worker skills and employer needs have led to interest in alternative ...	[ "Apprenticeship is a workforce development strategy that trains a worker for a specific occupation using a structured combination of paid on-the-job training and related instruction. Increased costs for higher education and possible mismatches between worker skills and employer needs have led to increased congressi...

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