id string | question string | answer string | documents list |
|---|---|---|---|
train_13300 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report discusses Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway Co. v. White, a recent case in which the Supreme Court considered the scope of the retaliation provision under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, which prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. Speci... | [
"In June 2006, the Supreme Court issued its decision in Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway Co. v. White , a case that involved questions about the scope of the retaliation provision under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, which prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, sex... |
train_13301 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Bush Administration outlined a strategy of "tailored deterrence" to define the role that nuclear weapons play in U.S. national security policy. There has been little discussion of this concept, either in Congress or in the public at large. This leaves unanswered questions about how this strategy differs from U.S. n... | [
"The Bush Administration described the strategy of \"tailored deterrence\" to define the role that nuclear weapons might play in U.S. national security policy. Yet, there has been little discussion of this concept, either in Congress or in the public at large, that would allow this concept to serve as a mechanism t... |
train_13302 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On November 3, 1999, the Justice Department filed seven lawsuits against electric utilities in the Midwest and South charging them with violations of the New Source Review (NSR) requirements of the Clean Air Act (CAA). In addition, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued an administrative order against the Ten... | [
"On November 3, 1999, the Justice Department filed seven lawsuits against electric utilities in the Midwest and South charging them with violations of the New Source Review (NSR) requirements of the Clean Air Act (CAA). The seven utilities affected are American Electric Power (AEP), Cinergy, First Energy, Illinois ... |
train_13303 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This brief provides an overview of sick leave for federal employees, including leave options for employees when sick leave has been exhausted. Full-time federal employees can earn up to 104 hours (13 days) of sick leave per year and are entitled to use such leave for four primary reasons: (1) personal medical needs, (2... | [
"According to the Office of Personnel Management (OPM), sick leave is defined as a \"paid leave of absence from duty.\" Federal employees are entitled to use sick leave for four primary reasons: (1) personal medical needs, (2) care of a family member, (3) death of a family member, and (4) adoption of a child. Table... |
train_13304 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the role, purposes, and results of the Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC) and examine U.S. interests, policy issues, options, and legislation. The KIC is a six-year-old industrial park located in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK or North Korea) just ... | [
"The Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC) is an industrial park located in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK or North Korea) just across the demilitarized zone from South Korea. As of the end of December 2010, approximately 120 medium-sized South Korean companies were using North Korean labor to manufactu... |
train_13305 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Individual Assistance (IA) program and the Small Business Administration's (SBA's) Disaster Loan Program are the federal government's two primary sources of financial assistance to help individuals and households recover and rebuild from a major disaster. In many cases, ... | [
"Individuals and households that suffer uninsured or underinsured losse s under a major disaster declaration typically apply for Individual Assistance (IA), administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and may also apply for disaster loans, administered by the Small Business Administration (SBA).... |
train_13306 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report summarizes salient points of Federal Communications Commission (FCC) actions regarding the creation of a public-private partnership to build and manage a national communications network for public safety use. The Communications Act of 1934, as amended, empowers the FCC to set rules for auctions and to take ... | [
"This discussion of governance for a public-private partnership is based on preparations undertaken by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to auction 62 MHz of radio frequencies in the 700 MHz band of radio spectrum in conformance with requirements in the Deficit Reduction Act. The FCC issued rules, in a Se... |
train_13307 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On May 15, 2006, the U.S. Supreme Court decided S.D. Warren Co. v. Maine Board of Environmental Protection, unanimously holding that states, through water quality certification under Section 401 of the Clean Water Act, can impose conditions on Federal Energy Regulatory Commission licensing (or relicensing) of hydropowe... | [
"On May 15, 2006, the U.S. Supreme Court decided S.D. Warren Co. v. Maine Board of Environmental Protection , one of two important Clean Water Act (CWA) cases heard in its 2005-2006 term. The decision addressed a fundamental issue as to the role of state water quality concerns in the licensing (or relicensing) of h... |
train_13308 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The South Caucasus region has been the most unstable in the former Soviet Union in terms of the number, intensity, and length of ethnic and civil conflicts. Other emerging or full-blown security problems include crime, corruption, terrorism, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and narcotics trafficking. T... | [
"The countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia are generally considered as comprising the South Caucasus region, which borders Russia, Turkey, and Iran. This isthmus between the Black and Caspian Seas is an age-old north-south and east-west trade and transport crossroads. The region has been invaded many times,... |
train_13309 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Information warfare is hardly a new endeavor. In the Battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC, Persian ruler Xerxes used intimidation tactics to break the will of Greek city-states. Alexander the Great used cultural assimilation to subdue dissent and maintain conquered lands. Military scholars trace the modern use of informatio... | [
"Information warfare (IW) is a term that appears in recent hearings, news articles, and government documents. Yet these same documents may use other terms to describe the same sets of activities or concepts. As the definition can affect how the government strategizes, organizes, trains, and equips around that term,... |
train_13310 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Twelve temporary business tax provisions expired at the end of 2017. All of these provisions had expired at the end of 2016 but were retroactively extended by the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (BBA; P.L. 115-123) and made available for the 2017 tax year, although one provision was extended through 2021. This report bri... | [
"In the past, Congress has regularly acted to extend expired or expiring temporary tax provisions. Collectively, these temporary tax provisions are often referred to as \"tax extenders.\" Of the 33 temporary tax provisions that expired at the end of 2016, 13 were business-related tax provisions. All 13 business tax... |
train_13311 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 1998, India and Pakistan each conducted tests of nuclear explosive devices, drawingworld condemnation. TheUnited States and a number of India's and Pakistan's major trading partners imposed economic sanctions in response. Most U.S. economic sanctions werelifted or eased within a few months of their imposition, howev... | [
"RS20995 -- India and Pakistan: U.S. Economic Sanctions Updated February 3, 2003 In May 1998, India and Pakistan each conducted tests of nuclear explosive devices, triggering sweeping U.S. economic sanctions as required by the ArmsExport Control Act (AECA) and the Export-Import Bank Act. (2) Prior to the tests, for... |
train_13312 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal spending is divided into three broad categories: discretionary spending, mandatory spending, and net interest. Mandatory spending is composed of budget outlays controlled by laws other than appropriation acts, including federal spending on entitlement programs. Entitlement programs such as Social Security and M... | [
"Mandatory spending is composed of budget outlays controlled by laws other than appropriation acts, including federal spending on entitlement programs. Entitlement programs such as Social Security and Medicare make up the bulk of mandatory spending. Other mandatory spending programs include Supplemental Security In... |
train_13313 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The mission of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in Afghanistan is seen by many as a test of the alliance's political will and military capabilities. Since the Washington Summit in 1999, the allies have sought to create a "new" NATO, capable of operating beyond the European theater to combat emerging threat... | [
"NATO's mission in Afghanistan, the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) , is seen as a test of the allies' military capabilities and their political will to undertake a complex mission in a distant land and to sustain that commitment. Since the Washington NATO Summit in 1999, the allies have sought to cr... |
train_13314 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 2004, Congress added the Section 199 domestic production activities deduction to the Internal Revenue Code (IRC). The deduction was intended to achieve a number of policy goals, including compensating for repeal of the extraterritorial income (ETI) export-subsidy provisions, supporting the domestic manufacturing sec... | [
"T he Section 199 domestic production activities deduction reduces tax rates on certain types of activities, primarily domestic manufacturing activities. While a policy objective of the provision was to reduce taxes for domestic manufacturing, in practice, a number of firms in other industries benefit. Many economi... |
train_13315 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 2015, when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgated the Clean Power Plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from fossil-fueled electric power plants, it concluded that the benefits of reducing emissions would outweigh the costs by a substantial margin under the scenarios analyzed. EPA estimated ben... | [
"In October 2017, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed to repeal the Clean Power Plan (CPP), a rule that the agency had finalized in 2015 to limit carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from existing fossil-fuel-fired power plants. The CPP has been controversial since its inception, was quickly litigat... |
train_13316 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report addresses several options considered by Congress to address the financing needs of local communities for wastewater and drinking water infrastructure projects and to decrease or close the gap between available funds and projected needs. Some of the options exist and are well established, but they have been ... | [
"This report examines several legislative options to help finance water infrastructure that have recently received attention in Congress. The options discussed here are intended to address capital needs for building and upgrading wastewater and drinking water treatment systems and improving water quality in order t... |
train_13317 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The catastrophic terrorist attack of September 11, 2001 and the subsequent anthrax mailings have sensitized the nation to acts of domestic terror. The confirmation of terrorist interest inweapons of mass destruction and the vulnerability of the United States to such attack havehighlighted the potential that these weapo... | [
"The domestic approach to potential terrorist attacks using chemical, biological, or toxinweapons attempts to balance a \"post-event\" consequence management approach with a \"pre-event,\"preventative approach. Legislation and plans have been developed to address the casualties fromchemical, biological, or toxin we... |
train_13318 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Food and Drug Administration (FDA) funding for the first five months of FY2009 is provided in the Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2009 (the CR), which is Division A of the Consolidated Security, Disaster Assistance, and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2009 (P.L. 110-329). It allows most agencies to continue at the... | [
"The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates more than $1 trillion worth of products annually. It regulates the safety of foods (including animal feeds) and cosmetics, and the safety and effectiveness of drugs, biologics (e.g., vaccines), and medical devices. FDA's annual funding is provided in the Agriculture... |
train_13319 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The U.S. Constitution grants authority to Congress to regulate commerce with foreign nations. Congress exercises this authority in numerous ways, including through oversight of trade policy and consideration of legislation to approve trade agreements and authorize trade programs. Policy issues cover such areas as U.S. ... | [
"During its first session, the 114 th Congress faced numerous international trade and finance policy issues. These issues included legislation granting time-limited U.S. Trade Promotion Authority (TPA) to the President. TPA provides expedited congressional procedures for considering legislation to implement U.S. tr... |
train_13320 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies appropriations bill provides funding for the planning, design, construction, alteration, and improvement of facilities used by active and reserve military components worldwide. It capitalizes military family housing and the U.S. share of the NATO Securit... | [
"Because no regular military construction/veterans affairs appropriations were enacted before the end of FY2010, Congress sought to pass legislation to continue funding for operations into FY2011. The vehicle chosen was an appropriations bill that had made its way partially through the legislative process during th... |
train_13321 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Terrorist's use of the internet and other telecommunications devices is growing both in terms of reliance for supporting organizational activities and for gaining expertise to achieve operational goals. Tighter physical and border security may also encourage terrorists and extremists to try to use other types of weapon... | [
"Often it is very difficult to determine if a cyber attack or intrusion is the work of a terrorist organization with the objective of doing harm, or a cyber criminal who wishes to steal information for purposes of monetary gain. Just as terrorists and violent extremists often rely on exploiting vulnerabilities of t... |
train_13322 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (NWPA) was an effort to establish an explicit statutory basis for the Department of Energy (DOE) to dispose of the nation's most highly radioactive nuclear waste. The NWPA requires DOE to remove spent nuclear fuel from commercial nuclear power plants, in exchange for a fee, and tran... | [
"More than 30 years ago, Congress addressed increasing concerns regarding the management of the nation's grow ing stockpile of nuclear waste by calling for the federal collection of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and high-level nuclear waste (HLW) for safe, permanent disposal. Passed in 1982, the Nuclear Waste Policy Act... |
train_13323 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Organized crime threatens multiple facets of the United States, including the economy and national security. In fact, the Organized Crime Council was reconvened for the first time in 15 years to address this continued threat. Organized crime has taken on an increasingly transnational nature, and with more open borders ... | [
"Organized crime threatens the economy, national security, and other interests of the United States. Particularly in the past several decades, organized crime has been evolving and taking on an increasingly transnational nature. With more open borders and the expansion of the Internet, organized criminals threaten ... |
train_13324 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act (commonly known as the DD Act) provides federal financial assistance to states and public and nonprofit agencies to support community-based delivery of services to persons with developmental disabilities. The DD Act defines developmental disabilities (DD)... | [
"The Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act (DD Act) provides federal financial assistance to states and public and nonprofit agencies to support community-based delivery of services to persons with developmental disabilities (DD). The aim of the programs established by the DD Act is to help p... |
train_13325 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States and many of its trading partners use laws known as trade remedies to mitigate the adverse impact of various trade practices on domestic industries and workers. U.S. antidumping (AD) laws (19 U.S.C. §1673 et seq.) authorize the imposition of duties if (1) the International Trade Administration of the D... | [
"The United States and many of its trading partners use trade remedy laws to lessen the adverse impact of various trade practices on domestic industries, producers, and workers. These laws are deemed consistent with U.S. international obligations provided they conform to the trade remedy provisions agreed to as par... |
train_13326 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) and its main rival, the "18th Street" gang, continue to undermine citizen security and subvert government authority in parts of Central America. Gang-related violence has been particularly acute in El Salvador, Honduras, and urban areas in Guatemala, contributing to some of the highest homi... | [
"Congress has expressed ongoing concern about the high rate of violent crimes committed by drug traffickers, organized criminal groups, and gangs in Central America, particularly in the \"northern triangle\" countries of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras (see Figure 1 ). Central American governments, the media, ... |
train_13327 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since 2001, successive U.S. administrations have increasingly prioritized efforts to build foreign security forces—particularly in weak and failing states—arguing that doing so advances U.S. national security objectives. In turn, the Department of Defense (DOD) has invested billions of dollars in "Building Partner Capa... | [
"A number of reasons underlie a growing Congressional interest in the complex national security policy area that has come to be labeled \"Building Partnership Capacity,\" or \"BPC.\" First, since 2006 BPC has increased in prominence within U.S. strategy, arguably becoming a central pillar of U.S. national security ... |
train_13328 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Most consumer products within the jurisdiction of the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) are imported into the United States. The CPSC is the central, federal authority for the promotion and enforcement of consumer product safety. In 2008, following several well-publicized national recalls of toys and child... | [
"Most consumer products under the jurisdiction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) are imported into the United States. Each day in 2011, almost $1.8 billion in such products entered the United States from 800,000 importers at 327 U.S. ports, according to statistics compiled by the CPSC. More than 80% ... |
train_13329 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On May 8, 2018, President Donald Trump announced that his Administration would cease implementing U.S. commitments under the 2015 multilateral Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) with Iran and reimpose all U.S. sanctions that were in place prior to the JCPOA. His announcement made reference to his previous state... | [
"In October 2017 and more explicitly in January 2018, the President linked continued U.S. participation in the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) to congressional and allied action to address the deficiencies in the JCPOA that the President identified. On May 8, he announced that the United States would cea... |
train_13330 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) is a block grant program under which the federal government gives annual grants to states, the District of Columbia, U.S. territories and commonwealths, and Indian tribal organizations to operate multi-component home energy assistance programs for needy households.... | [
"The Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) is a block grant program under which the federal government gives annual grants to states, the District of Columbia, U.S. territories and commonwealths, and Indian tribal organizations to operate multi-component home energy assistance programs for needy househ... |
train_13331 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In October 2013, at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Summit in Bali, Indonesia, China proposed creating a new multilateral development bank (MDB), the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). As its name suggests, the Bank's stated purpose is to provide financing for infrastructure needs throughout Asia, as we... | [
"In October 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced the establishment of a new China-led multilateral development bank, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), to \"promote interconnectivity and economic integration in the region\" and \"cooperate with existing multilateral development banks,\" such a... |
train_13332 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal court denial of British extradition requests in the cases of four fugitives from Northern Ireland led to the Supplementary Extradition Treaty. The Treaty proved controversial, and before the Senate would give its consent, it insisted upon modifications, some quite unusual. Those modifications have been eliminat... | [
"\"One of the most divisive and contentious issues the committee has faced....\" So the Senate Foreign Relations Committee described its consideration and subsequent approval of the 1985 Supplementary Treaty to the 1972 extradition treaty between Great Britain and the United States, S.Ex.Rept. 99-17, at 6 (1986). T... |
train_13333 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Klamath River Basin on the California-Oregon border is a focal point for local and national discussions on water allocation and species protection. Previously, water and species management issues have exacerbated competition and generated conflict among several interests—farmers, Indian tribes, commercial and sport... | [
"The Klamath River Basin, a region along the California-Oregon border, has become a focal point for local and national discussions on water and species management. Water management issues were brought to the forefront when severe drought conditions in 2001 exacerbated competition for scarce water resources and gene... |
train_13334 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides benefits to veterans who meet certaineligibility rules. Benefits to veterans range from disability compensation and pensions to hospitaland medical care. VA provides these benefits to veterans through three major operating units: theVeterans Health Administration (VHA), ... | [
"On November 18, 2005, the House voted to adopt the conference report ( H.Rept. 109-305 )to accompany the Military Construction, Military Quality of Life and Veterans AffairsAppropriations Act, 2006. (1) The Senate adopted H.Rept. 109-305 by unanimous consent thatsame day. The Military Construction, Military Qualit... |
train_13335 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In February 2007, Congress began looking into why certain oil and gas leases on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS)—specifically, some 1,024 deep water leases in the Gulf of Mexico issued in 1998 and 1999—did not contain "price thresholds." A price threshold in an OCS oil and gas lease means that once the market price fo... | [
"In 2006, Congress began looking into why certain oil and gas leases on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS)—specifically, some 1,024 deep water leases in the Gulf of Mexico issued in 1998 and 1999—did not contain \"price thresholds.\" A price threshold in an OCS oil and gas lease means that once the market price for ... |
train_13336 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal mandatory minimum sentencing statutes limit the discretion of a sentencing court to impose a sentence that does not include a term of imprisonment or the death penalty. They have a long history and come in several varieties: the not-less-than, the flat sentence, and piggyback versions. Federal courts may refrai... | [
"Federal mandatory minimum sentencing statutes (mandatory minimums) demand that execution or incarceration follow criminal conviction. Among other things, they cover drug dealing, murdering federal officials, and using a gun to commit a federal crime. They have been a feature of federal sentencing since the dawn of... |
train_13337 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | While the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) generally requires agencies to follow certain procedures when promulgating rules, the statute's "good cause" exception permits agencies to forgo Section 553's notice and comment requirement if "the agency for good cause finds" that compliance would be "impracticable, unneces... | [
"Federal agencies issue numerous rules pursuant to congressionally delegated authority. These rules have the force and effect of law. The Administrative Procedure Act (APA) generally requires agencies to follow certain procedures when promulgating rules. The statute's \"good cause\" exception, however, permits age ... |
train_13338 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | While there are many opportunities in the federal government for internships, fellowships, and other work experience, there is no comprehensive source to assist in locating these opportunities. This report describes internet resources for prominent and popular opportunities for internship, fellowship, and work experien... | [
"The federal government offers many opportunities for internships, fellowships, and work experiences. However, there is no single centralized source for finding information on every opportunity. This report describes prominent and popular internet resources for such opportunities and gives applicants a place to beg... |
train_13339 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies appropriations bill provides funding for the planning, design, construction, alteration, and improvement of facilities used by active and reserve military components worldwide. Title I of the bill capitalizes military family housing and the U.S. share of... | [
"Military construction funding requested by President and recommended in the various appropriations bills, along with that enacted for FY2011 and FY2012, are shown in Table 1 and Table 2 . The military construction appropriations account includes a number of appropriations subaccounts: Military Construction account... |
train_13340 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The main body of this report is a series of tables and an Appendix that summarize and cite bill language that was intended to end or restrict U.S. military operations in Vietnam and Indochina, Somalia, and Kosovo. The report covers enacted provisions as well as those where there were roll call votes but the provision w... | [
"This report discusses the political context and congressional consideration of various funding and other restrictive legislative language applying to military operations in Indochina between 1970 and 1973. The report also briefly mentions similar congressional actions applying to U.S. military operations in Somali... |
train_13341 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Adam Walsh Act created 18 U.S.C. 4248, which authorizes civil commitment as sexually dangerous those otherwise about to be released from federal custody. In United States v. Comstock, the United States Supreme Court rejected a suggestion that enactment of Section 4248 lay outside the scope of Congress's legislative... | [
"The United States Supreme Court in United States v. Comstock held that Congress possessed the legislative authority under the Constitution's necessary and proper clause to enact 18 U.S.C. 4248. Section 4248, enacted as part of the Adam Walsh Act, authorizes the civil commitment of sexually dangerous individuals wh... |
train_13342 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The European Union (EU) has been considering lifting its arms embargo on China, whichwas imposed in response to the June 1989 Tiananmen Crackdown. France, Germany, and other EUmembers claim that the embargo hinders the development of a "strategic partnership" with China. The Bush Administration and Members of Congress ... | [
"Over the last two years, the European Union (EU) has been considering lifting its armsembargo on the People's Republic of China (PRC), imposed after the June 1989 Tiananmen Squarecrackdown. (1) Manycountries imposed sanctions on China, after Deng Xiaoping and other PRC rulers ordered themilitary, the People's Libe... |
train_13343 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Drug compounding is a process by which a pharmacist or physician combines, mixes, or alters various drug ingredients to create a drug to meet the unique needs of an individual patient for whom an approved drug may not be appropriate (e.g., due to an allergy to a dye in the product). The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic... | [
"Drug compounding is a process by which a pharmacist or physician combines, mixes, or alters various drug ingredients to create a drug to meet the unique needs of an individual patient. Compounded drugs include both nonsterile products (e.g., capsules and ointments) and sterile products (e.g., injectable and ophtha... |
train_13344 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On May 25, 2009, North Korea announced that it had conducted its second underground nuclear test. Unlike its first test, in 2006, there is no public record that the second one released radioactive materials indicative of a nuclear explosion. How could North Korea have contained these materials from the May 2009 event a... | [
"On May 25, 2009, North Korea announced that it had conducted a nuclear test. The test produced seismic signals characteristic of an explosion, indicating that they were generated by human activity. They were detected by at least 61 seismic stations. However, no radioactive materials were reportedly detected, in co... |
train_13345 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Concerned by reported security and counterintelligence (CI) lapses at the Department ofEnergy (DOE), Congress in 1999 established a semi-autonomous agency -- the National NuclearSecurity Administration (NNSA) -- to oversee DOE's national security-related programs. WithinNNSA, Congress established the Office of Defense ... | [
"Lapses in the Department of Energy's (DOE's) security and counterintelligence programshave plagued DOE since 1977, when the department was established by merging 40 governmentorganizations, including the Energy Research and Development Administration and the FederalEnergy Administration. (1) The purpose in establi... |
train_13346 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Ongoing military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have caused serious injuries to some military personnel. Many have been returned to medical facilities in the U.S., especially Walter Reed Army Medical Center, the National Naval Medical Center, and Brooke Army Medical Center. These severe and traumatic injuries—inclu... | [
"As of March 26, 2007, a total of 25,320 military personnel had been classified as Wounded in Action (WIA) in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). Of these, 13,870 (54.8%) were treated locally and returned to their military duties within 72 hours. The remaining 11,450 (45.2%) required... |
train_13347 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides a legal analysis of issues related to prescription drug sales on the Internet, including issues involving online pharmacies and physicians who prescribe medications over the Internet. Specifically, this report provides an overview of the various federal and state laws that regulate this field, incl... | [
"Many individuals have turned to online pharmacies to purchase prescription drugs, and increasing numbers of physicians have incorporated the Internet and email into their medical practice. Use of this technology has many advantages for both the doctor and the patient, including cost savings, convenience, accessibi... |
train_13348 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In the 1940s and 1950s, watching television meant tuning into one of a few broadcast television stations, with the help of an antenna, to watch a program at a prescheduled time. Over subsequent decades, cable and satellite operators emerged to enable households unable to receive over-the-air signals to watch the retran... | [
"Watching television used to mean tuning into one of a few broadcast television stations with the help of an antenna. People living in areas with trees or mountains that interfered with these signals could receive broadcast signals retransmitted by cable television systems, which began operating in the 1940s. The e... |
train_13349 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Plan Colombia was developed by former President Pastrana (1998-2002) as a six-year planto end Colombia's long armed conflict, eliminate drug trafficking, and promote economic and socialdevelopment. The Andean Counterdrug Initiative (ACI) is the primary U.S. program that supportsPlan Colombia. In addition, Colombia rece... | [
"Plan Colombia was developed by former President Pastrana (1998-2002) as a six-year planto end the country's 40-year old armed conflict, eliminate drug trafficking, and promote economicand social development. President Uribe (2002-present) has continued the work of Plan Colombia,but with an increased emphasis on se... |
train_13350 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides an overview of the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) and the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA). ECPA consists of three parts. The first, often referred to as Title III, outlaws wiretapping and electronic eavesdropping, except as otherwise provided. The second, the Stored Commu... | [
"This is an outline of two federal statutes: the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) and the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA). Both evolved out of the shadow of the Supreme Court's Fourth Amendment jurisprudence. The courts play an essential role in both. Congress crafted both to preserve the a... |
train_13351 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Territorial Delegates have served in the House since the late 1700s, representing territoriesthat had not yet achieved statehood. In the 20th Century, the concept of Delegate grew to includerepresentation of territories where the United States exercises some degree of control but which werenot expected to become states... | [
"During World War II, the United States took control of the Northern Mariana Islands fromthe Japanese. Following the war, the United Nations made the islands a trusteeship of the UnitedStates. In 1975, the United States and representatives of the islands reached an agreement, knownas the \"Covenant to Establish A C... |
train_13352 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Much progress has been made in achieving the ambitious goals that Congress established in 1972 in the Clean Water Act (CWA) to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters. However, long-standing problems persist, and new problems have emerged. Water quality problems are ... | [
"Much progress has been made in achieving the ambitious goals that Congress established more than 40 years ago to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters. However, long-standing problems persist, and new problems have emerged. Water quality problems are diverse, ... |
train_13353 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Family and work structure most Americans' lives. Work provides the principal means by which most families support themselves, and public policies directed at low-income families with children have generally attempted to encourage and support work. Family structure also has been a focus of public policy because an incre... | [
"Family and work structure most Americans' lives. Work provides the principal means by which most families support themselves, and public policies directed at low-income families with children have generally attempted to encourage and support work. Family structure also has become a focus of public policy since an ... |
train_13354 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Take Care Clause would appear to stand for two, at times diametrically opposed propositions—one imposing a "duty" upon the President and the other viewing the Clause as a source of Presidential "power." Primarily, the Take Care Clause has been interpreted as placing an obligation on both the President and those und... | [
"The Obama Administration has faced significant scrutiny following a series of determinations in which the relevant federal agency charged with the implementation of a given statute has chosen to limit or delay the enforcement of specific provisions of federal law. These nonenforcement, under enforcement, or delaye... |
train_13355 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In November 2007, Senator Barack Obama announced his intention, if elected President, to appoint a federal chief technology officer (CTO). He also identified several specific areas of responsibility of the CTO including transparency of government operations, computer and network security (sometimes referred to as cyber... | [
"In November 2007, Senator Barack Obama announced his intention, if elected President, to appoint a federal chief technology officer (CTO). On April 18, 2009, President Obama appointed Virginia Secretary of Technology Aneesh P. Chopra to serve as \"America's Chief Technology Officer.\" Mr. Chopra serves as assistan... |
train_13356 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Title III, of the USA PATRIOT Act, P.L. 107-56 ( H.R. 3162 ), 115 Stat. 272 (2001), the "International Money Laundering Abatement and Financial Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001,"contains three subtitles that deal with: International Counter Money Laundering and RelatedMeasures; Bank Secrecy Act Amendments and Related Improve... | [
"The USA PATRIOT ACT, Pub. L. 107-56, 15 Stat. 272 (2001), (1) which became law on October26, 2001, includes as Title III, the \"International Money Laundering Abatement and FinancialAnti-Terrorism Act of 2001.\" Title III derives from H.R. 3004 , (2) as passed by the House,and Title III of S. 1510 , as passed by t... |
train_13357 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The prominence of immigration enforcement issues during the 2016 presidential election as well as publicity surrounding crimes committed by some unauthorized aliens have reignited debates over immigration enforcement in the interior of the country. One homicide case, the July 2, 2015, slaying of a woman in San Francisc... | [
"The Department of Homeland Security's (DHS's) U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO) has primary responsibility for locating removable aliens and ensuring that aliens directed to depart from the United States do so. In carrying out its mission, ICE relies, in part, ... |
train_13358 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Reverse mortgages allow older homeowners to borrow against the equity in their homes and repay the loans at a later time, after they sell the home or pass away. Reverse mortgages differ from traditional forward mortgages both in the way in which borrowers receive the loan proceeds and the way in which the loans are rep... | [
"The Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM) program, administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD's) Federal Housing Administration (FHA), is a reverse mortgage insurance program whereby older homeowners—those age 62 and older—borrow against the equity in their homes and FHA insures lender... |
train_13359 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Dynamic scoring for tax legislation has been discussed for some time. House Rule 13 has required, since 2003, that the Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) provide a macroeconomic impact analysis of legislation to amend the Internal Revenue Code, or a statement explaining why it is not calculable. The current Senate Budge... | [
"Dynamic scoring (or dynamic revenue estimating) for tax legislation has been an issue of interest for at least the past 25 years. House Rule 13 has required, since 2003, that the Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) provide a macroeconomic impact analysis of legislation to amend the Internal Revenue Code, or a statem... |
train_13360 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Fugitive felons are not eligible to receive benefits from the Supplemental Security Income (SSI), Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), or Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) programs administered by the Social Security Administration (SSA). For the purposes of these programs, fugitive felons are currently co... | [
"A fugitive felon is any person who is fleeing to avoid prosecution for a felony crime or to avoid custody or confinement after conviction for a felony crime. Sections 202(x) and 1611(e)(4)(A) of the Social Security Act specify that fugitive felons are not eligible to receive benefits administered by the Social Sec... |
train_13361 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Amidst growing media ownership consolidation and a significant decline in minority ownership of telecommunications businesses, there has been renewed interest in programs that foster diversity among telecommunications business owners. One potential avenue under consideration is to revive, in revised fashion, a tax prog... | [
"Diversity of viewpoint has long been a primary goal of U.S. communications policy. Congress and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) have a history of supporting programs that foster diversity of broadcast station ownership, in general, and minority and female ownership, in particular, as a means to achieve... |
train_13362 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | China's ruling executive body, the State Council, established the China Investment Corporation (CIC), a sovereign wealth fund, in September 2007 to invest $200 billion of China's then $1.4 trillion in foreign exchange reserves. As with other sovereign wealth funds worldwide, the CIC's existence allows China to invest i... | [
"The Chinese government decided in 2007 to join a growing list of nations and create a sovereign wealth fund (SWF). The resulting entity—the China Investment Corporation (CIC)—with an initial capital fund of $200 billion, was a significant new addition to the existing pool of SWFs (see Table 1 ). The rapid expansio... |
train_13363 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Child Support Enforcement (CSE) program was enacted in 1975 as a federal-state program (Title IV-D of the Social Security Act). The primary purpose of this program was to reduce public expenditures for welfare recipients by obtaining ongoing support from noncustodial parents that could reimburse the state and feder... | [
"In general, child support is the cash payment that noncustodial parents are obligated to pay for the financial support of their children. These payments enable parents who do not live with their children to fu lfill their financial responsibility to their children by contributing to the payment of childrearing cos... |
train_13364 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | During the final months and weeks leading up to the November 8, 2016, presidential election, courts across the country have ruled in numerous challenges to state election laws. For example, there have been recent court rulings affecting the laws regulating early voting, voter photo identification (ID) requirements, reg... | [
"D uring the final months and weeks leading up to the November 8, 2016, presidential election, courts across the country have ruled in numerous challenges to state election laws. As a result of some of these rulings, several laws have been recently invalidated, enjoined, or altered. Leading up to the issuance of su... |
train_13365 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Communication between Members of Congress and their constituents has changed with the development of online social networking services. Many Members now use email, official websites, blogs, YouTube channels, Twitter, Facebook, and other social media platforms to communicate—technologies that were nonexistent or not wid... | [
"Congressional communications continues to evolve. As Members of Congress adopt new online social networking services, more information is potentially available faster than ever before. Many Members now use email, official websites, YouTube channels, Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Flickr, Google+, Medium, and other ... |
train_13366 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) has declared that motorcycle fatalities represent the nation's greatest highway traffic safety challenge. Over the past decade, the number of passenger vehicle auto deaths has declined slightly, even as more drivers have been driving more vehicles more miles. But the number o... | [
"Motorcycle riding, which is both a leisure activity and a form of transportation, is enjoying renewed popularity. Motorcycles first peaked in popularity in 1973, when over 1.5 million were sold; during the 1970s, annual sales of all types of motorcycles averaged over 1 million. After 1980, sales declined, reaching... |
train_13367 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In recent years, many academic institutions have enacted rules that protect individuals who are gay from discrimination on campus. As a result, some high schools and institutions of higher education have sought to bar military recruiters from their campuses and/or to eliminate Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) prog... | [
"In the past, many academic institutions have enacted rules that protect individuals who are gay from discrimination on campus. As a result, some high schools and institutions of higher education have sought to bar military recruiters from their campuses and/or to eliminate Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) pro... |
train_13368 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides an overview of selected issues regarding census data that have arisen during recent decennial censuses, including use of sampling or other estimation techniques and counting U.S. citizens residing abroad. The Constitution requires that state representation in the House of Representatives be based o... | [
"This report provides an overview of selected issues regarding census data that have arisen during recent decennial censuses, including use of sampling or other estimation techniques and counting U.S. citizens residing abroad. The Constitution requires that members of the House of Representatives \"shall be apporti... |
train_13369 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The material support statutes, 18 U.S.C. §§2339A and 2339B, have been among the most frequently prosecuted federal anti-terrorism statutes. Section 2339A outlaws: (1) whoever (2) [knowingly] (3)(a) attempting to, (b) conspiring to, or (c) actually (4)(a) providing material support or resources, or (b) concealing or dis... | [
"The two federal material support statutes have been at the heart of the Justice Department's terrorist prosecution efforts. One provision outlaws providing material support for the commission of certain designated offenses that might be committed by terrorists, 18 U.S.C. §2339A. The other outlaws providing materia... |
train_13370 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Teacher evaluation has historically been largely the responsibility of local school administrators working within broad rules set by state law and collective bargaining agreements. These rules generally identify the procedures and circumstances under which a teacher may be dismissed for poor performance and have little... | [
"The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), as amended by the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB, P.L. 107-110 ), requires that all core subject-matter teachers be highly qualified . ESEA Section 9101(23) defines highly qualified as a teacher who has obtained a bachelor's degree, possesses full state ce... |
train_13371 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Foreign direct investment in the United States in 2015 increased by 83% over that recorded in 2014. (Note: The United States defines foreign direct investment as the ownership or control, directly or indirectly, by one foreign person [individual, branch, partnership, association, government, etc.] of 10% or more of the... | [
"The United States occupies a unique position in the global economy as the largest investor and the largest recipient of foreign direct investment, as indicated in Figure 1 . For more than seven decades the United States has worked internationally to establish an open and rules-based system that is consistent with ... |
train_13372 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since its inception in 1938, the federal crop insurance program has evolved from an ancillary program with low participation to a central pillar of federal support for agriculture. From 2007 to 2016, the federal crop insurance title had the second-largest outlays in the farm bill after nutrition. The total net cost of ... | [
"This report provides an overview of the federal crop insurance program. Since its inception in 1938, the program has evolved from an ancillary program with low participation to a central pillar of federal support for agriculture. As the program has grown—in types of insurance policies, breadth of crops covered, an... |
train_13373 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI, the Bureau) has acknowledged that it had been investigating the shooter who killed 49 people at an Orlando nightclub on June 12, 2016. The gunman has been identified as Omar Mateen, a 29-year-old security guard in Florida who was born in New York. Reportedly, Mateen was watchli... | [
"T he Terrorist Screening Database (TSDB, commonly referred to as the Terrorist Watchlist) lies at the heart of federal efforts to identify and share information about identified people who may pose terrorism-related threats to the United States. It is managed by the Terrorist Screening Center (TSC) and includes bi... |
train_13374 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress passed the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) in 1993 in part to "balance the demands of the workplace with the needs of families." To that end, the FMLA entitles eligible employees of covered employers to set amounts of unpaid, job-protected leave for specified family and medical reasons. These reasons inclu... | [
"C ongress passed the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) in 1993 in part to \"balance the demands of the workplace with the needs of families.\" To that end, the act provides eligible employees of covered employers with entitlement to specified amounts of unpaid leave per 12-month period. The amount of leave that ... |
train_13375 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Sergeant at Arms of the Senate is an officer of the Senate with protection, security, decorum, protocol, and administrative responsibilities. The Sergeant at Arms is elected by the membership of the Senate. As the Senate's chief law enforcement officer, the Sergeant at Arms is responsible for security in the Senate... | [
"On April 6, 1789, James Mathers was elected as Senate Doorkeeper and became the chamber's first elected officer. On February 5, 1798, Mathers's duties were expanded when he was \"invested with the authority of Sergeant-at-Arms, to hold said office during the pleasure of the Senate, whose duty it shall be to execut... |
train_13376 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress completed action on FY1999 defense authorization and appropriations bills on October 1. The House approved the conference report on the defense authorization bill( H.R. 3616 ) on September 24 and the Senate on October 1. The President signed thebill into law ( P.L. 105-261 ) on October 17. The House approved t... | [
"The House approved a conference agreement on the FY1999 defense appropriationsbill ( H.R. 4103 ) by a vote of 369-4 on September 28, and the Senate approvedthe agreement by a vote of 94-2 on September 29. The House approved a conferenceagreement on the FY1999 defense authorization bill ( H.R. 3616 ) by a vote of37... |
train_13377 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill includes funding for most of the Department of the Interior (DOI) and for agencies within other departments—including the Forest Service within the Department of Agriculture and the Indian Health Service within the Department of Health and Human Servic... | [
"The annual Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill includes funding for agencies and programs in three separate federal departments as well as numerous related agencies. The bill typically contains three primary titles. Title I provides funding for most Department of the Interior (DOI) agen... |
train_13378 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | With a few exceptions (such as milk), the products of animal agriculture are not eligible for the price and income supports that Congress historically has written into farm bills for major row crops such as grains, cotton, and oilseeds. However, the meat and poultry industries do look to the federal government for lead... | [
"Most of the products of animal agriculture are not eligible for the price and income support programs that Congress has written into farm bills for major crops such as grains, cotton, and oilseeds. Nor have meat and poultry producers generally sought such assistance, except ad hoc aid to recover losses caused by n... |
train_13379 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Political organizations have the primary purpose of influencing federal, state, or local elections and conducting similar activities. Those that qualify under Section 527 of the Internal Revenue Code are taxed only on certain income. Under the Code, 527 organizations are subject to reporting requirements that involve r... | [
"Prior to 1975, the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) was silent as to the tax treatment of organizations whose primary purpose is influencing elections. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) treated contributions to political organizations as gifts, which meant that the organizations did not have taxable income and were no... |
train_13380 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | For the past 18 months, Mali has been mired in overlapping security, political, and humanitarian crises. A separatist rebellion launched in 2011 aggravated intra-military and political tensions in the country. In March 2012, junior military officers—led by a former participant in U.S. training programs—carried out a co... | [
"Mali faces multiple overlapping crises. A separatist rebellion launched in late 2011 by members of the northern-based minority ethnic Tuareg community, known as the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA), aggravated intra-military and political tensions in the country. In March 2012, junior military... |
train_13381 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Initial coin offerings (ICOs)—a method of raising capital in exchange for digital coins or tokens that entitle their holders to certain rights—are a hot topic among legislators, regulators, and financial market professionals. In response to a surge in the popularity of ICOs over the past 18 months, regulators in a numb... | [
"I nitial coin offerings (ICOs) are a hot topic among federal legislators, regulators, financial market professionals, and even athletes and celebrities. An ICO is a method of raising capital in exchange for digital \"coins\" or \"tokens\" that entitle their holders to certain rights. The promoter of an ICO may rai... |
train_13382 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is a refundable tax credit available to eligible workers earning relatively low wages. Because the credit is refundable, an EITC recipient need not owe taxes to receive the benefit. Eligibility for and the amount of the EITC are based on a variety of factors, including residence and ... | [
"The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is a refundable tax credit available to eligible workers with relatively low earnings. Because the credit is refundable, an EITC recipient need not owe taxes to receive the benefit. The credit is authorized by Section 32 of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) and administered as par... |
train_13383 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Prior to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, coverage for losses from such attacks was normally included in general insurance policies without specific cost to the policyholders. Following the attacks, such coverage became very expensive if offered at all. Because insurance is required for a variety of transacti... | [
"Prior to the September 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States, insurers generally did not exclude or separately charge for coverage of terrorism risks. The events of September 11, 2001, changed this as insurers realized the extent of possible terrorism losses. Estimates of insured losses from the 9/11 attacks... |
train_13384 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report examines the aspirations of Georgia [Republic] to become a member of NATO. Issues related to Georgia's reform progress, Georgia-Russia relations, and U.S. policy are examined. This report may be updated. Related products include CRS Report RL34701, NATO Enlargement: Albania, Croatia, and Possible Future Can... | [
"Georgia joined NATO's Partnership for Peace (PFP) program in 1994. At the NATO Summit in Prague in November 2002, Georgia declared that it aspired to eventual NATO membership and sought to intensify ties with NATO through an Individual Partnership Action Plan (IPAP) to increase the interoperability and capability ... |
train_13385 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States is in the midst of making significant changes in how best to pursue an acquisition strategy that would ensure continued access to space for national security missions. The current strategy for the EELV (Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle) program dates from the 1990s and has since been revised a few ti... | [
"The EELV (Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle) program stands at a crossroads today. Factors that prompted the initial EELV effort in 1994 are once again manifest—significant increases in launch costs, procurement concerns, and concerns about competition. In addition, a long-standing undercurrent of concern over U.S... |
train_13386 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Many wars or conflicts in U.S. history have federally designated "periods of war," dates marking their beginning and ending. These dates are important for qualification for certain veterans' pension or disability benefits. Confusion can occur because beginning and ending dates for "periods of war" in many nonofficial s... | [
"Congress, usually through a declaration of war, has often been the first governmental authority to designate the beginning date of a war or armed conflict. The President, or executive branch officials responsible to him, through proclamation, or Congress, through legislation, has been responsible for designating t... |
train_13387 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Under current law, certain foreign workers, sometimes referred to as guest workers, may be admitted to the United States to perform temporary service or labor under two temporary worker visas: the H-2A visa for agricultural workers and the H-2B visa for nonagricultural workers. Both programs are administered by the Dep... | [
"The United States has a long history of importing foreign temporary workers to fill jobs that are low skilled or do not require much formal education. These workers are sometimes referred to as guest workers. In the past, guest workers were used to address U.S. worker shortages during times of war. Notably, the co... |
train_13388 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | As the U.S. Constitution has been interpreted, states have the primary obligation to ensure child welfare. However, Congress provides significant federal funds to help states exercise this responsibility ($7.9 billion appropriated in FY2008). Most of this support is provided for children who are in foster care and who ... | [
"Child welfare agencies seek to ensure the well-being of children and their families, including protecting children from abuse or neglect and ensuring that they have a safe and permanent home. As the U.S. Constitution has been interpreted, states have the primary obligation to ensure child welfare. At the state lev... |
train_13389 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations bill includes funding for agencies and programs in four separate federal departments as well as numerous smaller agencies and diverseprograms. The bill includes funding for the Interior Department except the Bureau of Reclamation,but only segments of the funding of the o... | [
"The \"Consolidated Appropriations Act for FY2000\" ( H.R. 3194 , H.Rept. 106-479 ), which included Interior appropriations, was enacted into law onNovember 29, 1999 ( P.L. 106-113 ). It provided a total of $14.928 billion in Interiorappropriations for FY2000 compared to the FY1999 enacted level of $14.298billion--... |
train_13390 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | As a step in the 2005 round of the base realignment and closure (BRAC) process, the Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission (commonly referred to as the BRAC Commission) recommended on September 8, 2005, that a number of domestic U.S. military installations be closed or realigned. Overall, the BRAC Commission e... | [
"On May 13, 2005, the Department of Defense (DOD) announced recommendations to close or realign a number of domestic U.S. military bases in order to consolidate forces and save funds. The announcement occurred as a step in the 2005 round of the base realignment and closure (BRAC) process, as authorized by Congress ... |
train_13391 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Copyright Act allows statutory damages of between $750 and $30,000 for each act of infringement, and up to $150,000 in cases where the infringement is committed willfully. Congress granted the copyright owner the power to choose to recover either statutory damages or the owner's actual damages plus additional profi... | [
"Many users of peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing networks have been subjected to copyright infringement lawsuits regarding the unauthorized uploading and downloading of copyrighted material. The vast majority of these lawsuits have settled, with the file sharer agreeing to pay compensation to the copyright holders. S... |
train_13392 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Federal Employees' Compensation Act (FECA) is the workers' compensation program for federal employees. Like all workers' compensation programs, FECA pays disability, survivors, and medical benefits, without fault, to employees who are injured or become ill in the course of their federal employment and the survivors... | [
"The Federal Employees' Compensation Act (FECA) is the workers' compensation system for federal employees. Every civilian employee of the federal government, including employees of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, is covered by FECA, as are several other groups, including federal jurors and Peace ... |
train_13393 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On August 2, 2010, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed a new Clean Air Transport Rule to control powerplant emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). When finalized, this rule will replace the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR); CAIR, which was promulgated in May 2005, established a regi... | [
"On July 11, 2008, in North Carolina v. EPA , the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit vacated what was widely regarded as the Bush Administration's most significant environmental measure: the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR). CAIR, promulgated by EPA under the Clean Air Act (CAA) in May 2005, established a r... |
train_13394 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In Watters v. Wachovia Bank , the Supreme Court, in a 5-3 decision, ruled that Michigan mortgage lending requirements do not apply to a state-chartered operating subsidiary of a national bank. The decision was based on the Court's interpretation of various provisions of the National Bank Act, including provisions grant... | [
"Watters v. Wachovia Bank involves a challenge to a regulation promulgated by the federal agency that charters and regulates national banks, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC). OCC's authority has been upheld both by the lower courts in this case and by three other federal appellate courts. The reg... |
train_13395 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1982 (which applied to FY1983 budget issues) suspended previously existing permanent law pertaining to cost-of-living adjustments (COLAs) for federal civilian and military retirees, and changed the COLA calculation formulas to postpone and/or reduce future COLAs for military retirees d... | [
"The Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1982 ( P.L. 97-253 ; September 8, 1982) suspended previously existing permanent law pertaining to cost-of-living adjustments (COLAs) for federal civilian and military retirees. Much of the legislative and executive branch activity related to military retirement COLAs since 1983 ha... |
train_13396 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report briefly reviews North Korea's ballistic missile program. In summer 2007, North Korea tested modern, short-range missiles. In February 2009, South Korea reported the DPRK had deployed a new intermediate-range missile. This report may be updated periodically. Additional information is provided by CRS Report R... | [
"The North Korean Taepo Dong program traces its origins to the No Dong medium-range ballistic missile program of the late 1980s. In the early 1990s, North Korea initiated the development of two ballistic missile programs known to the West as Taepo Dong 1 and Taepo Dong 2. The reported design objectives for the Taep... |
train_13397 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress has played an active role in U.S. policy toward Sudan for more than three decades. Efforts to support an end to the country's myriad conflicts and human rights abuses have dominated the agenda, as have counterterrorism concerns. When unified (1956-2011), Sudan was Africa's largest nation, bordering nine countr... | [
"The United States Congress has a long history of engagement on U.S. policy toward Sudan—since the end of apartheid in South Africa, there is no country (now countries) in Africa on which Congress has focused greater attention. This sustained, bipartisan focus has been driven in part by diverse advocacy groups and ... |
train_13398 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The House and Senate bills competing to become the National Defense Authorization Act for FY2012 contain a subtitle addressing issues related to detainees at the U.S. Naval Station at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and more broadly, hostilities against Al Qaeda and other entities. At the heart of both bills' detainee provisions... | [
"Both House and Senate bills competing to become the National Defense Authorization Act for FY2012 contain a subtitle addressing issues related to detainees at the U.S. Naval Station at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba (\"Guantanamo\"), and more broadly, hostilities against Al Qaeda and other entities. H.R. 1540 , which passed... |
train_13399 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and subsequent discussions of religious extremism have called attention to Islamic puritanical movements known as Wahhabism and Salafiyya. Al Qaeda leaders and their ideological supporters have advocated a violent message that some suggest is rooted in these conservative Isl... | [
"Wahhabism is a puritanical form of Sunni Islam and is practiced in Saudi Arabia and Qatar, although it is much less rigidly enforced in the latter. The word \"Wahhabi\" is derived from the name of a Muslim scholar, Muhammad bin Abd al Wahhab, who lived in the Arabian peninsula during the eighteenth century (1703-1... |
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