id string | question string | answer string | documents list |
|---|---|---|---|
train_13200 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States and Russia signed a new START Treaty on April 8, 2010, and the treaty entered into force on February 5, 2011. Many analysts, both in the United States and Russia, supported negotiations on a new treaty so that the two sides could continue to implement parts of the complex monitoring and verification r... | [
"The United States and Russia signed a new START Treaty, officially known as the Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Measures to Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms , on April 8, 2010. This treaty is, in part, designed to replace the 1991 Strategic Offe... |
train_13201 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Products liability generally refers to the civil liability of a manufacturer or seller for injury caused by its product to the person or property of a buyer or third party. Legal developments starting in the 1960s, particularly the adoption of strict tort liability, have made it substantially easier for persons injured... | [
"Products liability, which is primarily governed by state law, concerns the civil liability of a manufacturer, seller, or other party along a product's manufacturing or distribution chain for personal or property damages caused by a product to a consumer or third-party user of that product. In a typical products li... |
train_13202 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In the 109th Congress, legislation has been introduced to more strictly regulate certain .50 caliber rifles, some of which have been adopted by the U.S. military as sniper rifles. These rifles are chambered to fire a relatively large round that was originally designed for the Browning Machine Gun (BMG). Gun control adv... | [
"In the 109 th Congress, two proposals have been introduced to regulate more strictly certain long-range .50 caliber rifles. The Fifty Caliber Sniper Weapons Regulation Act of 2005 ( S. 935 ), introduced by Senator Dianne Feinstein, would amend the National Firearms Act (NFA) to regulate \".50 caliber sniper weapon... |
train_13203 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Current law prohibits the importation of a prescription drug by anyone other than its manufacturer. S. 1232 would amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to change that. It would allow commercial and personal-use importation. The legislation would create a detailed set of procedures to address concerns relating ... | [
"As public concern over rising spending on prescription drugs continues, Members of Congress have introduced legislation to amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) and permit the importation of FDA-approved drugs from lower-priced foreign sources. Lawmakers have also sought to use the appropriations ... |
train_13204 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The dramatic increase in U.S. crude oil production, coupled with the increase in crude oil transport by rail, has raised questions about whether properties (e.g., flammability) of these crude types—particularly Bakken crude oil from North Dakota—differ sufficiently from other crude oils to warrant any additional handli... | [
"The dramatic increase in U.S. and Canadian crude oil production in recent years, coupled with the increase in crude oil transport by rail, has raised questions about whether properties (e.g., flammability) of these crude types—particularly Bakken crude oil from North Dakota and Canada's oil sands—differ sufficient... |
train_13205 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | A strain of the avian influenza virus known as H5N1 threatens to develop into a human pandemic. First appearing in birds and humans in Hong Kong in 1997, the virus re-surfaced in late 2003 and since has spread throughout Asia, causing over 100 reported human deaths from Vietnam to Turkey and appearing in birds in Afric... | [
"A strain of the avian influenza virus known as H5N1 threatens to develop into a human pandemic. First appearing in birds and humans in Hong Kong in 1997, the virus re-surfaced in late 2003 and since has spread throughout Asia, causing over 130 reported human deaths from Vietnam to Turkey and appearing in birds in ... |
train_13206 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Much is written on the topic of cybersecurity. This CRS report and those listed below direct the reader to authoritative sources that address many of the most prominent issues. Included in the reports are resources and studies from government agencies (federal, state, local, and international), think tanks, academic in... | [
"Much is written on this topic, and this CRS report directs the reader to authoritative sources that address many of the most prominent issues. The annotated descriptions of these sources are listed in reverse chronological order, with an emphasis on material published in the past several years. This report include... |
train_13207 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is the major federal statute for the education of children with disabilities. IDEA both authorizes federal funding for special education and related services and, for states that accept these funds, sets out principles under which special education and related serv... | [
"The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is the major federal statute for the education of children with disabilities. IDEA both authorizes federal funding for special education and related services and, for states that accept these funds, sets out principles under which special education and related... |
train_13208 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Constitution divides the responsibility for populating the top positions in the executive branch of the federal government between the President and the Senate. Article II, Section 2 empowers the President to nominate and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to appoint the principal officers of the Un... | [
"The Constitution divides the responsibility for populating the top positions in the federal government between the President and the Senate. The appointments clause (Article II, Section 2) empowers the President to nominate and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to appoint the principal officers of... |
train_13209 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On February 27, 2001, the Supreme Court handed down its decision in Whitman v. American Trucking Associations, achallenge to EPA's promulgation in 1997 of revised national ambient air quality standards for ozone and particulatesunder the Clean Air Act. On the broaderissues, the Court ruled that (1) the Act's provisions... | [
"RS20860 -- The Supreme Court Upholds EPA Standard- Setting Under the Clean Air Act: Whitman v. AmericanTrucking Ass'ns March 28, 2001 NAAQSs lie at the very heart of the Clean Air Act. These standards prescribe maximum pollutant concentrations for ground-level, outdoor air, and have beenpromulgated by EPA for six ... |
train_13210 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States is party to 14 international free trade agreements (FTAs) with 20 countries. These agreements impose a wide variety of international obligations on the United States and its trading partners. Such obligations address import tariffs, as well as potential nontariff trade barriers. A country that is part... | [
"T he United States is party to 14 international free trade agreements (FTAs) with 20 countries. These agreements impose a wide variety of international obligations on the United States and its trading partners. Such obligations address import tariffs, as well as potential nontariff trade barriers in areas such as ... |
train_13211 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On June 6, 2000, President Bill Clinton and King 'Abdullah II announced that the United States and Jordan would begin negotiations for a bilateral free trade agreement (FTA). The two sidessigned the FTA on October 24, 2000, and President Clinton submitted the FTA to the 107th Congresson January 6, 2001. Bills to implem... | [
"On June 6, 2000, President Bill Clinton and King 'Abdullah II announced that the United Statesand Jordan would begin negotiations for a bilateral free trade agreement (FTA), (1) eventually leadingto reciprocal duty-free trade in goods. The United States and Jordan conducted three main roundsof negotiations before ... |
train_13212 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Crisis Overview What started as a debt crisis in Greece in late 2009 evolved into a broader economic and political crisis in the Eurozone and European Union (EU). The Eurozone faces four major, and related, economic challenges: (1) high debt levels and public deficits in some Eurozone countries; (2) weaknesses in the E... | [
"Since 2009, the European Union (EU) has faced a sovereign debt and financial crisis that many consider one of the biggest current threats to the global economy. Concerns have focused on the sustainability of public deficits in some Eurozone countries, but the Eurozone has also faced a number of related economic ch... |
train_13213 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States is the single largest contributor to the United Nations (U.N.) regular budget. As such, Members of the 113th Congress will likely continue to demonstrate an interest in the United States' assessment level, the cost of the U.S. assessment each year, how U.S. contributions to the regular budget compare ... | [
"Members of Congress have demonstrated an ongoing interest in annual U.S. contributions to the United Nations (U.N.) regular budget, which funds core activities for U.N. organs such as the General Assembly and Security Council, staffing and administration at U.N. headquarters, international conferences, human right... |
train_13214 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The collapse of Enron Corp. in the fall of 2001 had a peculiar side effect: accounting became front page news. For the next year, accounting fraud at a long series of Fortune 500 companies made headlines. The worst cases led to spectacular bankruptcies, mass layoffs, and criminal prosecutions. Many other companies rema... | [
"The corporate scandals of the early 21 st century have sparked much speculation as to their cause, and much work by legislators and regulators to set in place reforms to prevent them from recurring. Explanations for these events seem to rely on one of two distinct models. One theory claims that collapses such as t... |
train_13215 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Regular appropriations bills have traditionally been considered in the House of Representatives under the terms of open rules, which provide substantial freedom of debate and amendment. It has become common, however, for the House to begin considering a spending bill under such an open rule, then quickly negotiate a co... | [
"By long tradition, most regular appropriations bills are considered by the House of Representatives under the terms of an open rule reported by the House Committee on Rules and adopted by the House (or under terms similar to an open rule). This means that when the bill is brought to the House floor, the number of ... |
train_13216 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 2008 and 2009, collapsing world credit markets and a slowing global economy combined to create the worst market in decades for production and sale of motor vehicles in the United States and other industrial countries. Concern about the economic impact of a possible collapse of large parts of the U.S. automobile indu... | [
"In 2008 and 2009, collapsing world credit markets and a slowing global economy combined to create the weakest market in decades for production and sale of motor vehicles in the United States and other industrial countries. U.S. light vehicle production fell by more than 34% in 2009 from 2008 levels, but the year-o... |
train_13217 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | While the social security number (SSN) was first introduced as a device for keeping track of contributions to the Social Security program, its use has been expanded by government entities and the private sector to keep track of many other government and private sector records. Use of the SSN as a federal government ide... | [
"The social security number (SSN) was first introduced as a device for keeping account of contributions to the Social Security program. Through the years, however, the use of this identifying number has been expanded by government entities and the private sector to keep track of many other government and private se... |
train_13218 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Amid ongoing insurgency, the United States handed sovereignty to an Iraqi interimgovernment on June 28. The Bush Administration maintains that the handover was a success and will begin atransition todemocracy and stability. Critics assert that the handover does not appear to have diminished the anti-U.S.insurgency, thr... | [
"RS21820 -- Iraq: Transition to Sovereignty Updated July 21, 2004 The Bush Administration had initially made the end of the U.S. occupation contingent on the completion of a new constitution andthe holding of national elections for a new government, tasks to be completed by 2005. However, politicalinfighting among ... |
train_13219 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Charities and other entities seeking tax-exempt status as § 501(c)(3) organizations generally must apply to the Internal Revenue Service. This report provides an overview of the application process. | [
"Nonprofit organizations that meet the criteria in Internal Revenue Code § 501(c)(3) qualify to be exempt from the federal income tax. The organization may be formed as a corporation, trust, or unincorporated association. Organizations are formed under state law, and the specific requirements vary by state. In gen... |
train_13220 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | U.S. agricultural exports have long been a bright spot in the U.S. balance of trade, with exports exceeding imports in every year since 1960. But the trend of recent years—increasing export sales and a wider agricultural trade surplus—was reversed in FY2015, and the reversal is expected to be more pronounced in FY2016.... | [
"Agricultural exports are important to both farmers and the U.S. economy. With the productivity of U.S. agriculture growing faster than domestic demand, farmers and agriculturally oriented firms rely heavily on export markets to sustain prices and revenue. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) ... |
train_13221 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Land is being converted from native grass or rangeland into crop production in the Northern Plains region, especially in South Dakota, North Dakota, and Montana. Advocates of wildlife protection and enhancement, and grazing interests, are concerned that landowners in this region will continue to convert grasslands to c... | [
"Within the past year increased discussion has occurred about rates and patterns of land conversion in the Northern Plains, particularly conversion from native grass or rangeland into crop production. This discussion is driven by two concerns: (1) that this type of land conversion is becoming more widespread in the... |
train_13222 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | A major Clean Air Act issue is the extent to which an existing power plant or factory may be altered without effecting a "modification." A "modification" of an existing air pollution source is subject to the act's stringent air pollution control requirements for new sources. The topic of this report is a widely used ex... | [
"In the three decades since its enactment, the Clean Air Act (CAA) has seen many skirmishes over how its text should be interpreted. A current, and major, one involves the extent to which a power plant or factory may alter its facilities or operations without bringing about a \"modification\" of that emissions sour... |
train_13223 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The 115th Congress and the Trump Administration are considering options for U.S. engagement with Iraq as Iraqis look beyond the immediate security challenges posed by their intense three-year battle with the insurgent terrorists of the Islamic State organization (IS, aka ISIL/ISIS). While Iraq's military victory over I... | [
"Iraqis have persevered through intermittent wars, internal conflicts, sanctions, displacements, unrest, and terrorism for decades. A 2003 U.S.-led invasion ousted the dictatorial government of Saddam Hussein and ended the decades-long rule of the Baath Party. This created an opportunity for Iraq to establish new d... |
train_13224 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | From 2007-2009, the United States experienced what many commentators believe was the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression. In the wake of the crisis, Congress passed the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank) in 2010. Title IX of Dodd-Frank, entitled "Investor Protections and... | [
"F rom 2007-2009, the United States experienced what many commentators believe was the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression. According to many observers, a principal cause of the crisis was the collapse of a bubble in the housing market that had developed in the early and mid-2000s. As this bubble poppe... |
train_13225 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States Constitution assures those charged with a serious federal crime that they will be prosecuted in the state and district in which the crime occurred. A crime occurs in any district in which any of its "conduct" elements are committed. Some offenses are committed entirely within a single district; there ... | [
"The Constitution states that those accused of a federal crime shall be tried in the state in which the crime occurred and by a jury selected from the district in which the crime occurred: The Trial of all Crimes . . . shall be by Jury . . . held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but whe... |
train_13226 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | When the President declares a major disaster pursuant to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (P.L. 93-288), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) advises the President about types of federal assistance administered by FEMA available to disaster victims, states, localities, and t... | [
"When the President declares a major disaster under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, the disaster declaration designates the types of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) assistance to be provided. There are three primary types of assistance: Public Assistance (PA), which a... |
train_13227 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report discusses the major federal lands provisions of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (P.L. 111-5, H.R. 1). It focuses on provisions in the law related to four federal agencies: the Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Park Service. Thes... | [
"The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 ( P.L. 111-5 , H.R. 1 ) is a broad economic recovery measure with $787 billion in tax cuts and spending. Among the purposes of the law are preserving and creating jobs; promoting economic recovery; and making investments in transportation, environmental protection... |
train_13228 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congressional interest in facilitating U.S. technological innovation led to the passage of P.L. 96-517, Amendments to the Patent and Trademark Act (commonly referred to as the Bayh-Dole Act after its two main sponsors). The act provides patent rights to certain inventions arising out of government-sponsored research an... | [
"Congressional interest in facilitating U.S. technological innovation led to the passage of P.L. 96 - 517 , Amendments to the Patent and Trademark Act, commonly referred to as the \"Bayh-Dole Act\" after its two main sponsors former Senators Robert Dole and Birch Bayh. Under this 1980 law, as amended, title to inve... |
train_13229 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Veterans' preference is a system that provides special consideration to certain former members of the Armed Forces who pursue civilian employment with the federal government. This report describes how veterans' preference is established and applied in the assessment and selection of candidates for federal positions tha... | [
"Veterans' preference provides special consideration for qualified former members of the Armed Forces who pursue civilian employment with the federal government. Veterans' preference is operationalized by giving qualified veterans certain advantages in the assessment and selection procedures in the federal hiring p... |
train_13230 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | A small group of developing countries are transforming the global economic landscape. Led by China, India, and Brazil, these rising economic powers pose varied challenges and opportunities for U.S. economic interests and leadership of the global economy. They also raise significant policy issues for Congress, including... | [
"The global economy has undergone dramatic changes over the past 60 years. In the early 1950s, the world economy was essentially divided between developed or industrialized countries in the \"North\" and developing or non-industrialized countries in the \"South.\" Developed countries, excluding Japan, at that time ... |
train_13231 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) is located in the Executive Office of the President and has the responsibility for creating policies, priorities, and objectives for the federal Drug Control Program. This national program is aimed at reducing the use, manufacturing, and trafficking of illicit drugs an... | [
"The Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) has the responsibility for creating policies, priorities, and objectives for the federal Drug Control Program. This national program is aimed at reducing the use, manufacturing, and trafficking of illicit drugs and the reduction of drug-related crime and violence ... |
train_13232 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (Perkins IV; P.L. 109-270) is the main federal law supporting the development of career and technical skills among students in secondary and postsecondary education. Perkins IV, the most recent reauthorization of federal law targeting career and technical e... | [
"The Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (Perkins IV; P.L. 109-270 ) is the main federal law supporting the development of career and technical skills among students in secondary and postsecondary education. Perkins IV, the most recent reauthorization of federal law targeting career and techn... |
train_13233 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The electric utility industry is a major source of air pollution, particularly sulfur dioxide(SO 2 ), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and mercury (Hg), as well as suspected greenhouse gases, particularlycarbon dioxide (CO 2 ). On October 27, 2005, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) releaseda long-awaited analysis compari... | [
"The electric utility industry is a major source of air pollution, particularly sulfur dioxide(SO 2 ), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and mercury (Hg), as well as suspected greenhouse gases, particularlycarbon dioxide (CO 2 ). On October 27, 2005, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) releaseda long-awaited analysis co... |
train_13234 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | With the tenth anniversary of the September 11th terrorist attacks, many observers are making a fresh assessment of where America's homeland security enterprise stands today. In the wake of those attacks, Congress made extensive changes to the structure and function of many agencies, establishing a consolidated Departm... | [
"This question has dogged U.S. public policy debates for ten years. At this point, there is no statutory definition of homeland security. What conventional wisdom defines as \"homeland security missions\" and the missions undertaken by the Department of Homeland Security are not the same. The Department of Homeland... |
train_13235 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The federal government provides grants-in-aid to states and local governments to provide a range of benefits and human services programs to disadvantaged families and persons. Most such human services are administered, and often designed, at the state and local level. Some human services are provided by community or no... | [
"The federal government provides grants-in-aid to states and local governments to provide a range of benefits and human services programs to disadvantaged families and persons. Most such human services are administered, and often designed, at the state and local level. States and localities also often contribute sp... |
train_13236 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since the invasion of Iraq in 2003, the average price of fuels purchased for military operations in Iraq has steadily increased. The disparity between the higher price of fuel supplied to the United States Central Command compared to Iraq's civilian population has been a point of contention. Several factors contribute ... | [
"The Defense Energy Support Center (DESC), the primary agency responsible for procuring DOD's ground and air transportation fuels, buys bulk energy commodities and \"resells\" the fuel to various military customers—with a price markup to cover its cost of operation (e.g. storage, transportation, and maintenance). I... |
train_13237 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | When a presidential transition occurs, the incoming President usually submits the budget for the upcoming fiscal year (under current practices) or revises the budget submitted by his predecessor (under past practices). Under either circumstance, the details of the President's budgetary proposals typically are provided ... | [
"When a presidential transition occurs, the incoming President usually submits the budget for the upcoming fiscal year (under current practices) or revises the budget submitted by his predecessor (under past practices). Under either circumstance, the details of the President's budgetary proposals typically are prov... |
train_13238 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The 113th Congress is interested in an array of issues faced by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). The congressional committees with oversight of the agency, the House and Senate Agriculture Committees, have begun to hold hearings related to various policy issues faced by the agency, as part of the CFTC r... | [
"The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) was created in 1974 through enactment of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission Act to regulate commodities futures and options markets, which at the time were poised to expand beyond their traditional base in agricultural commodities to encompass contracts based o... |
train_13239 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides a chronology of selected events leading up to and following thediscoveries of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, or "mad cow disease") in North America. These are primarily regulatory, legal, and congressional developments that are frequently referencedin the ongoing policy debate. The chronolo... | [
"This report provides a chronology of selected events leading up to and following thediscoveries of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, or \"mad cow disease\") in North America. As of this writing, 10 native cases have been confirmed on this continent, seven in Canada and threein the United States. (1) BSE is a ... |
train_13240 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Electricity today is widely viewed as a commodity. As a commodity, electricity is bought and sold as power (measured in kiloWatts or MegaWatts) and energy (measured in kiloWatt-hours), with various attributes being traded in electricity markets. The importance of transparency in wholesale electricity markets was unders... | [
"Electricity today is widely viewed as a commodity. As a commodity, electricity is bought and sold as both power and energy, with various attributes being traded in electricity markets. However, electricity has some unique characteristics which distinguish it from almost all other commodities. Electricity must be a... |
train_13241 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Federal Trademark Dilution Act of 1995 (FTDA) amended section 43 of the Trademark Act of 1946 to provide a new federal cause of action for the dilution of famous, distinctive marks. "Trademark dilution" is statutorily defined in 15 U.S.C. § 1127 to mean "the lessening of the capacity of a famous mark to identify an... | [
"The Trademark Dilution Revision Act of 2006 ( H.R. 683 ) was passed by the House on a vote of 411 to 8, on April 19, 2005. The Senate passed H.R. 683 with an amendment in the nature of a substitute, by unanimous consent, on March 8, 2006. Among other things, the amendment added a non-commercial use liability exclu... |
train_13242 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On June 23, 2005, the Supreme Court handed down Kelo v. City of New London , holding thatunder the Fifth Amendment Takings Clause, the sovereign power of eminent domain("condemnation") can be used to transfer private property to new private owners for the purpose ofeconomic development. Kelo sparked a public outcry and... | [
"On June 23, 2005, the Supreme Court handed down Kelo v. City of New London , (1) addressing whether, under theFifth Amendment Takings Clause, the sovereign power of eminent domain (\"condemnation\") canbe used to transfer private property to new private owners for the purpose of economicdevelopment. (2) The Courth... |
train_13243 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Military food items, also known as subsistence items, are generally procured under the auspices of the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), an agency of the Department of Defense (DOD) which provides worldwide logistics support for the U.S. military services. Under DLA, DLA Troop Services (formerly the Defense Supply Center... | [
"Prior to World War II, each United States (U.S.) military service organization procured and distributed its own food. Right after World War II, Congress mandated that a commission (ultimately called the Hoover Commission) study the logistical management of military food and supplies, and recommended a more central... |
train_13244 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Defendants convicted of violating certain federal criminal laws face the prospect of mandatory minimum terms of imprisonment. Bills offered during the 113th Congress would have supplemented, enhanced, or eliminated some of these. The most all-encompassing, H.R. 1695 (Representative Scott (VA)) and S. 619 (Senator Paul)... | [
"Federal crim es are usually punishable by a statutory maximum term of imprisonment, for example, \"imprisoned for not more than 5 years.\" A surprising number also have statutory minimum terms of imprisonment, for example, \"imprisonment which may not be less than 10 years or for life.\" Under some circumstances, ... |
train_13245 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides a broad, but by no means exhaustive, survey of federal statutes that specifically refer to race, gender, or ethnicity as factors to be considered in the administration of any federal program. Such measures may include, but are not limited to, goals, timetables, set-asides, quotas, priorities, and p... | [
"The purpose of this report is to provide a broad, but by no means exhaustive, survey of federal statutes that specifically refer to race, gender, or ethnicity as factors to be considered in the administration of any federal program. Such measures may include, but are not limited to, goals, timetables, set-asides, ... |
train_13246 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In recent years, domestic shipborne commerce has lost much of its market to other modes. Although potential shipping routes run parallel to congested truck, railroad, and pipeline routes along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts and in the Great Lakes region, the volume of cargo carried by domestic ships has declined by 61... | [
"Congress has shown great concern about the performance of the nation's freight network. In the 2015 surface transportation reauthorization, the Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act (FAST Act; P.L. 114-94 ), Congress stated a national policy of improving the condition and performance of a \"National Multimod... |
train_13247 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report examines U.S. commodity subsidy programs against an emerging set of criteria that test their potential vulnerability to challenge in the World Trade Organization. The criteria are whether the subsidies cause adverse effects contributing to serious prejudice under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailin... | [
"The World Trade Organization's (WTO's) 149 members have agreed to a set of trading rules, including constraints on domestic subsidies and a process for challenging violations. Now, the combination of three relatively recent eventsâ(1) the expiration of the WTO Peace Clause on January 1, 2004; (2) Brazil's succes... |
train_13248 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Administrative Procedure Act (APA), which applies to all agencies of the federal government, provides the general procedures for various types of rulemaking. The APA details the rarely used procedures for formal rules as well as the requirements for informal rulemaking, under which the vast majority of agency rules... | [
"The Administrative Procedure Act (APA), which applies to all executive branch and independent agencies, prescribes procedures for agency rulemakings and adjudications, as well as standards for judicial review of final agency actions. This report provides a brief overview of the APA's core rulemaking and judicial r... |
train_13249 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Major roads and bridges are part of the federal-aid highway system and are therefore eligible for assistance under the Emergency Relief Program (ER) of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). Following a natural disaster (such as Hurricane Matthew in 2016, which damaged highways in Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, ... | [
"Nearly all major roads and bridges in the United States are part of the federal-aid highway system and are therefore eligible for assistance from the Emergency Relief Program (ER) of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). ER assistance is restricted to roads and bridges on the federal-aid highway system, which... |
train_13250 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Military personnel issues typically generate significant interest from many Members of Congress and their staffs. Ongoing military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan in support of what the Bush Administration terms the Global War on Terror, along with the emerging operational role of the Reserve Components, have furthe... | [
"Each year, the Senate and House Armed Services Committees report their respective versions of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA). They contain numerous provisions that affect military personnel, retirees and their family members. Provisions in one version are often not included in another, treated diffe... |
train_13251 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The state secrets privilege is a judicially created evidentiary privilege that allows the federal government to resist court-ordered disclosure of information during litigation if there is a reasonable danger that such disclosure would harm the national security of the United States. Although the common law privilege h... | [
"The state secrets privilege, primarily a construct of the judiciary that has been derived from common law, is an evidentiary privilege that allows the government to resist court-ordered disclosure of information during civil litigation if there is a reasonable danger that such disclosure would harm the national se... |
train_13252 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On October 17, 2006, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published its final revisions to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for particulate matter (particulates, or PM). Several states and industry, agriculture, business, and environmental and public health advocacy groups petitioned the U.S. Cou... | [
"EPA has identified and promulgated National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) under the Clean Air Act (CAA) for six principal pollutants commonly referred to as \"criteria pollutants\": particulate matter (PM), ozone (O 3 , a key measure of smog), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 , or, inclusively, nitrogen oxides, NOx)... |
train_13253 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The prospect of drone use inside the United States raises far-reaching issues concerning the extent of government surveillance authority, the value of privacy in the digital age, and the role of Congress in reconciling these issues. Drones, or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), are aircraft that can fly without an onboar... | [
"The prospect of drone use in domestic surveillance operations has engendered considerable debate among Americans of various political ideologies. Opponents of drone surveillance have complained that the use of unmanned aircraft on American soil infringes upon fundamental privacy interests and the ability to freely... |
train_13254 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal support for child care and education comes in many forms, ranging from grant programs to tax provisions. Some programs serve as specifically dedicated funding sources for child care services (e.g., the Child Care and Development Block Grant, or CCDBG) or education programs (e.g., Elementary and Secondary Educat... | [
"Several federal programs support child care, education, or related services, primarily for low-income working families. In addition, the tax code includes provisions specifically targeted to assist families with child care expenses. Descriptions of those programs and tax provisions follow, as does Table 1 , which ... |
train_13255 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | An Aquatic Resources Trust Fund, with two accounts—a Sport Fish Restoration Account and a Boat Safety Account—was created in 1984 and subsequently amended to support a variety of programs administered by three federal agencies, including wetlands management, recreational vessel docking and sewage disposal infrastructur... | [
"The Aquatic Resources Trust Fund (26 U.S.C. §9504) was established in 1984 by P.L. 98-369 (Div. A, Title X), commonly referred to as the Wallop-Breaux Amendment to the Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration program. This trust fund was composed of two accounts—the Sport Fish Restoration Account and the Boat Safety ... |
train_13256 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | At least 50 documented incidents in more than 20 countries around the world, many involving arrest or detention of North Korean diplomats, link North Korea to drug trafficking. Such events, in the context of credible, but unproven, allegations of large scale state sponsorship of drug production and trafficking, raise i... | [
"Allegations of North Korean drug production, trafficking, and crime-for-profit activity have become the focus of rising attention in Congress, the press, and diplomatic and public policy fora. As early as October 28, 1997, Senators Charles Grassley and Jessie Helms sent a letter to Secretary of State, Madeleine Al... |
train_13257 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Pesticide Registration Improvement Extension Act of 2012 (PRIA 3; P.L. 112-177), enacted September 28, 2012, amended the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) to reauthorize and revise, through FY2017, the collection and use of fees to enhan... | [
"The collection of fees to support U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) pesticide program activities in the implementation of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA; 7 U.S.C. §136-136y) and related requirements under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA; 21 U.S.C. §346a) has... |
train_13258 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Housing finance reform remains one of the major unresolved issues stemming from the financial crisis. Congress has held hearings and marked up bills related to reform, but so far only modest structural changes have been enacted. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has used its regulatory authority to enact certai... | [
"In the years since the 2007-2009 financial crisis, Congress has passed the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ( P.L. 111-203 ; Dodd-Frank Act), and financial regulators have made significant progress in implementing the legislation. The Dodd-Frank Act is a broad regulatory reform law that to... |
train_13259 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report considers contemporary developments in presidential elections. It emphasizes three topics chosen for their recurring importance and notable recent developments: (1) nominating procedures; (2) campaign finance; and (3) the electoral college. The report highlights significant developments in these areas, part... | [
"Presidential elections are among the most iconic events in American politics. Particularly before the television era, campaigns for the presidency and vice presidency were relatively brief events, involving a small band of supporters and occupying only a few months of the election-year calendar. Today, presidentia... |
train_13260 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | After running modest profits from FY2004 through FY2006, USPS lost $25.4 billion between FY2007 and FY2011. Were it not for congressional action, USPS would have lost an additional $9.5 billion. In the first three quarters of FY2012, USPS had an $11.5 billion operational loss. USPS leaders, Congress, and the public hav... | [
"Since 1775, the U.S. government has provided postal services in the United States. The service began as a conduit for communication between \"Congress and the armies\" during the Revolutionary War. In 1863, the Post Office Department (now the U.S. Postal Service (USPS)), pursuant to statute, began delivering mail ... |
train_13261 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Arguably, the three most important homeland security public laws enacted following the terrorist attacks on September 2001 are: P.L. 107-56 , "Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act (USA PATRIOT Act)"; P.L. 107-296 , "Homeland Security Act of 20... | [
"Arguably, the three most important homeland security public laws enacted following the terrorist attacks on September 2001 are: P.L. 107-56 , \"Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act (USA PATRIOT Act)\"; P.L. 107-296 , \"Homeland Security A... |
train_13262 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States has had a military alliance with South Korea (R.O.K.) and important interests in the Korean peninsula since the Korean War of 1950-1953. Many U.S. interests relate to communist North Korea. Since the early 1990s, the issue of North Korea's development of nuclear weapons has been the dominant U.S. poli... | [
"U.S. interests in the Republic of Korea (R.O.K.—South Korea) involve security, economic, and political concerns. The United States suffered over 33,000 killed and over 101,000 wounded in the Korean War (1950-53). The United States agreed to defend South Korea from external aggression in the 1954 Mutual Defense Tre... |
train_13263 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On July 22, 2004, the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States(also known as the 9/11 Commission) issued its final report on the September 11, 2001, terroristattacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. Among other findings and recommendations,the commission stated that existing congressio... | [
"On October 7, 2004, the Senate rejected, by a vote of 23-74, a proposal by Senator JohnMcCain to transfer jurisdiction over appropriations related to funding intelligence matters from theSenate Appropriations Committee to the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. (1) On October 9, 2004, theSenate adopted S.Res.... |
train_13264 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | An "immigration detainer" is a document by which U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) advises other law enforcement agencies of its interest in individual aliens whom these agencies are detaining. ICE and its predecessor, the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), have used detainers as one means of ob... | [
"An \"immigration detainer\" is a document by which U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) advises other law enforcement agencies of its interest in individual aliens whom these agencies are detaining. The standard detainer form (Form I-247) allows ICE to indicate that it has taken certain actions that coul... |
train_13265 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( P.L. 109-58 ), signed by President Bush on August 8, 2005,was the first omnibus energy legislation enacted in more than a decade. Major provisions include taxincentives for domestic energy production and energy efficiency, a mandate to double the nation'suse of biofuels, faster procedure... | [
"The Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( P.L. 109-58 ), signed by President Bush on August 8, 2005,was the first omnibus energy legislation enacted in more than a decade. Major provisions include taxincentives for domestic energy production and energy efficiency, a mandate to double the nation'suse of biofuels, faster proc... |
train_13266 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (P.L. 112-96, signed February 22, 2012) contains provisions in Title VI that expedite the availability of spectrum for commercial mobile broadband. The provisions in Title VI—also known as the Public Safety and Spectrum Act, or the Spectrum Act—cover reallocation... | [
"Electromagnetic spectrum, commonly referred to as radio frequency spectrum or wireless spectrum, refers to electromagnetic waves that, with applied technology, can transmit signals to deliver voice, text, and video communications. Electromagnetic waves include radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible l... |
train_13267 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The number of limited English proficient (LEP) students enrolled in K-12 education increased by 60.8% from the 1994-1995 school year to the 2004-2005 school year, while total student enrollment increased by 2.6% over the same time period. Given this tremendous growth in the LEP student population and the likelihood tha... | [
"The number of limited English proficient (LEP) students enrolled in K-12 education increased by 60.8% from the 1994-1995 school year to the 2004-2005 school year; total student enrollment increased by 2.6% over the same time period. Given this tremendous growth in the LEP student population and the likelihood that... |
train_13268 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress has played a role in establishing museums that have become part of the Smithsonian Institution (e.g., the National Museum of the American Indian and the National Museum of African American History and Culture) and museums that operate independently (e.g., the National Gallery of Art and the United States Holoc... | [
"Congressional involvement in the siting of museums in the District of Columbia began in the early 19 th century, when Congress began to receive petitions from constituents to build museums in the nation's capital. For example, in 1816, painter D. W. Boudet asked Congress for establishing in the city of Washington,... |
train_13269 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report responds to frequently asked questions about the Small Business Administration (SBA) Disaster Loan Program. The SBA Disaster Loan Program provides direct loans to help businesses, nonprofit organizations, homeowners, and renters repair or replace property damaged or destroyed in a federally declared disaste... | [
"This report responds to frequently asked questions about the Small Business Administration (SBA) Disaster Loan Program. Authorized by the Small Business Act, the SBA Disaster Loan Program has been a source of economic assistance to businesses, nonprofit organizations, homeowners, and renters as they repair or repl... |
train_13270 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States and other industrialized countries have committed to providing financial assistance for global environmental initiatives, including climate change, through a variety of multilateral agreements. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC, 1992, U.S. Treaty Number: 102-38) was the... | [
"Many governments hold that environmental degradation and climate change pose international and trans-boundary risks to human populations, economies, and ecosystems, as well as potential risks to national security. To confront these challenges, governments have negotiated various international agreements to protect... |
train_13271 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Two ongoing federal programs that support the price and income received by dairy farmers—the dairy price support program and the Milk Income Loss Contract (MILC) program—were reauthorized with modifications in the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-246, the 2008 farm bill). The MILC program allows par... | [
"The Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 ( P.L. 110-246 , the 2008 farm bill) is the most recent omnibus farm bill, authorizing or reauthorizing a wide range of programs for a multi-year period, including commodity price and income support, farm credit, agricultural conservation, research, rural development,... |
train_13272 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The restaurants, cafeterias, and carry-out facilities operated by the House of Representatives and the Senate serve Members of Congress, congressional employees, constituents, and other visitors to the Capitol or congressional office buildings on a daily basis. Although their services may seem similar, food operations ... | [
"Informal eateries and food vendors appeared in the Capitol in the 1800s, arising from the need Members of Congress had for meals, snacks, and beverages during long and unpredictable legislative workdays. For many years, this need was especially great because dining options in the surrounding Capitol Hill neighborh... |
train_13273 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Medicaid is a means-tested entitlement program that finances the delivery of primary and acute medical services as well as long-term services and supports (LTSS). Medicaid is jointly financed by both the federal government and the states. The federal government's share for most Medicaid expenditures is called the feder... | [
"Medicaid is a means-tested entitlement program that finances the delivery of primary and acute medical services as well as long-term services and supports (LTSS). In FY2011, Medicaid is estimated to have provided health care services to 56 million individuals at a total cost (including federal and state expenditur... |
train_13274 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill includes funding for the Department of the Interior (DOI), except for the Bureau of Reclamation, and for agencies within other departments—including the Forest Service within the Department of Agriculture and the Indian Health Service (IHS) within the ... | [
"The annual Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill includes funding for agencies and programs in three separate federal departments, as well as numerous related agencies and bureaus. It provides funding for Department of the Interior (DOI) agencies (except for the Bureau of Reclamation, fun... |
train_13275 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | President Obama's budget request for FY2016 included $145.694 billion for research and development (R&D), an increase of $7.625 billion (5.5%) over the estimated FY2015 R&D funding level of $138.069 billion. The request represented the President's R&D priorities. Funding for R&D is concentrated in a few departments and... | [
"The 114 th Congress continues to take a strong interest in the health of the U.S. research and development (R&D) enterprise and in providing support for federal R&D activities. The federal government has played an important role in supporting R&D efforts that have led to scientific breakthroughs and new technologi... |
train_13276 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report discusses federal policy, programs, and issues related to high school graduation, completion, and dropouts. The discussion covers the provisions enacted in federal law that govern the definition, calculation, and reporting requirements of these critical high school outcomes. (Note: this report does not addr... | [
"The United States has made great strides in secondary school participation during the last century. Yet more than one-quarter of first-year high school students do not receive their diploma in four years. By age 24, more than one in 10 still do not have a high school degree or its equivalent. During the 2003-2004 ... |
train_13277 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Agencies frequently use guidance documents to set regulatory policy. While "legislative rules" carry the force of law and are required to undergo the notice and comment procedures of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), guidance documents are exempt from these constraints and can be issued more swiftly than legislat... | [
"Agencies use guidance documents to set regulatory policy on a consistent basis. While \"legislative rules\" carry the force of law and are required to undergo the notice and comment procedures of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), guidance documents are exempt from these constraints and can be issued more swi... |
train_13278 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On August 24, 2006, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced the approval of an application to switch Plan B, an emergency contraceptive, from a prescription-only drug to an over-the-counter (OTC) drug for women 18 years of age and older. Plan B will only be sold in pharmacies or healthcare clinics. It will con... | [
"On August 24, 2006, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced the approval of an application to switch Plan B, an emergency contraceptive, from a prescription-only drug to an over-the-counter (OTC) drug for women 18 years of age and older. Plan B will only be sold OTC in pharmacies or healthcare clinics. It... |
train_13279 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The federal government has assumed principal responsibility for maintenance of the nation's harbors and shipping channels. Harbor maintenance activities are overseen by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (the Corps or USACE) and largely funded through the harbor maintenance trust fund (HMTF), which receives revenue from ... | [
"More U.S. merchandise trade (measured in tons) is carried by oceangoing vessel than by airplanes, trucks, freight trains, and pipelines combined. About half of U.S. merchandise trade by value and nearly 80% by volume enters or leaves the United States through a seaport. Harbor maintenance thus has a critical role ... |
train_13280 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Energy storage technology has great potential to improve electric power grids, to enable growth in renewable electricity generation, and to provide alternatives to oil-derived fuels in the nation's transportation sector. In the electric power system, the promise of this technology lies in its potential to increase grid... | [
"Energy storage technology has great potential to improve electric power grids, to enable growth in renewable electricity generation, and to provide alternatives to oil-derived fuels in the nation's transportation sector. In the electric power system, the promise of this technology lies in its potential to increase... |
train_13281 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report addresses the authority of the District of Columbia Council to implement a proposed reorganization of the District of Columbia Board of Education. Specifically, the report addresses the authority of the Council to implement the proposed District of Columbia Public Education Reform Amendment Act of 2007, a b... | [
"This report addresses the authority of the District of Columbia Council to implement a proposed reorganization of the District of Columbia Board of Education. Specifically, the report addresses the authority of the Council to implement the proposed District of Columbia Public Education Reform Amendment Act of 2007... |
train_13282 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Concerns have been raised in Congress about the possibility of a "data gap" in the polar-orbiting weather satellite coverage. A near-term data gap could occur if the currently operating polar-orbiting weather satellite, the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi-NPP), fails before its successor, the first Joi... | [
"T he National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), an agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce, manages the U.S. civilian weather satellite system, which consists of Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellites (POES) and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES). For several year... |
train_13283 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal agencies report increasing cyber-intrusions into government computer networks, perpetrated by a range of known and unknown actors. In response, the President, legislators, experts, and others have characterized cybersecurity as a pressing national security issue. Like other national security challenges in the p... | [
"Cybersecurity has been called \"one of the most urgent national security problems facing the new administration.\" Cyber and telecommunications activities are sometimes conflated to indicate the same meaning or capability. One might distinguish the term cyber from that of telecommunications with the former being t... |
train_13284 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress is currently considering legislation that would make substantive changes to the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). FOIA was originally enacted in 1966 and has been amended numerous times since—most recently in 2009. FOIA provides the public with a presumptive right to access agency records, limited by nine exe... | [
"The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), originally enacted in 1966, provides the public presumed access to federal government information (5 U.S.C. §552). This access is available to any person, regardless of citizenship, and does not require justification on the part of the requestor. This presumptive right to acc... |
train_13285 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Oversight of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulatory actions received significant attention in the 114th Congress. Of particular interest were two air quality issues: EPA's Clean Power Plan (CPP) and related rules to regulate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from new and existing power plants, promulgated on Aug... | [
"Congressional interest in air quality issues has been dominated for the past six years by efforts to prevent the Environ mental Protection Agency (EPA) from promulgating and implementing new emission control requirements. Often under court order, EPA has used authorities Congress gave it in the Clean Air Act amend... |
train_13286 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | For several years, some Members of Congress have favored "comprehensive immigration reform" (CIR), a label that commonly refers to omnibus legislation that includes increased border security and immigration enforcement, expanded employment eligibility verification, revision of nonimmigrant visas and legal permanent imm... | [
"For a number of years, some Members of Congress have favored \"comprehensive immigration reform\" (CIR), a label that commonly refers to omnibus legislation that includes increased border security and immigration enforcement, expanded employment eligibility verification, revision of nonimmigrant visas and legal pe... |
train_13287 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The legislative branch appropriations bill provides funding for the Senate; House of Representatives; Joint Items; Capitol Police; Office of Compliance; Congressional Budget Office (CBO); Architect of the Capitol (AOC); Library of Congress (LOC), including the Congressional Research Service (CRS); Government Publishing... | [
"The first section of this report provides an overview of the consideration of FY2016 legislative branch appropriations, with subsections covering each action, including the initial submission of the request on February 2, 2015; hearings held by the House and Senate Legislative Branch Subcommittees; the House subco... |
train_13288 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148, ACA, as amended), a number of provisions directly affect access to health insurance coverage. This report provides a description of two of the provisions in ACA that are targeted toward younger individuals, for plan years beginning on or after six mont... | [
"Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ( P.L. 111-148 , ACA, as amended), a number of provisions directly affect access to health insurance coverage. Hereafter, \"ACA\" will refer to ACA, as amended. Most of the insurance reforms in ACA amend Title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act (PHSA, 42 U.S... |
train_13289 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The House and Senate Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies (THUD) appropriations subcommittees are charged with providing annual appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and related agencies. The HUD budget generally acco... | [
"The Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies (THUD) appropriations subcommittees are charged with drafting bills to provide annual appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and related agencies. Typically, these bills ar... |
train_13290 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Indonesia faces a major separatist insurgency in the province of Aceh in northernSumatra. The Indonesiangovernment has proposed autonomy for Aceh, but insurgents demand independence. Negotiations and cease-fireshave been unsuccessful. Indonesian civilianleaders have been unable to control the Indonesian military, whose... | [
"RS20572 -- Indonesian Separatist Movement in Aceh Updated February 26, 2004 Aceh Merdeka (Free Aceh or GAM) came into existence in the 1970s and issued a declaration of independence in 1976. GAM is waging an insurgency with amilitary force estimated at 5,000. GAM's political goals appear to have substantial public... |
train_13291 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | There are three, and only three, standing qualifications for U.S. Senator or Representative in Congress which are expressly set out in the U.S. Constitution: age (25 for the House, 30 for the Senate); citizenship (at least seven years for the House, nine years for the Senate); and inhabitancy in the state at the time e... | [
"The qualifications required to hold the office of U.S. Senator or Representative to Congress are established and set out within the U.S. Constitution. These constitutional qualifications are the exclusive qualifications for congressional office, and may not be changed or added to by Congress, nor may these qualifi... |
train_13292 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Marketplace lending—also called peer-to-peer lending or online platform lending—is a nonbank lending industry that uses innovative financial technology (fintech) to make loans to consumers and small businesses. Although marketplace lending is small compared to traditional lending, it has grown quickly in recent years. ... | [
"This report examines marketplace lending, a type of nonbank lending done by online companies that make loans to consumers and small businesses using innovative technology. The marketplace-lending industry has experienced rapid growth and, with that growth, an increase in scrutiny by regulators, the media, and the ... |
train_13293 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The federal crop insurance program provides farmers with risk management tools to address crop yield and/or revenue losses on their farms. Farmers can purchase subsidized policies that pay an indemnity when their production or revenue falls below a guaranteed level. Historically, the federal crop insurance program prim... | [
"The federal crop insurance program provides producers with risk management tools to address crop yield and/or revenue losses on their farms. Farmers can purchase subsidized policies that pay an indemnity when their production or revenue falls below a guaranteed level. The crop insurance program has expanded in rec... |
train_13294 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | With five successive elected civilian governments, the Central American nation of Panama has made notable political and economic progress since the 1989 U.S. military intervention that ousted the regime of General Manuel Antonio Noriega from power. Current President Ricardo Martinelli of the center-right Democratic Cha... | [
"On October 31, 2012, the U.S.-Panama Free Trade Agreement (FTA) entered into force. Both houses of Congress had approved implementing legislation for the FTA in October 2011, and the measure was signed into law by President Obama on October 21, 2011 ( H.R. 3079 , P.L. 112-43 ). (See \" U.S. Commercial Relations an... |
train_13295 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Various personnel flexibilities would be provided to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under legislation currently pending in both the House of Representativesand the Senate. H.R. 1085 , the NASA Flexibility Act of 2003, was introduced byRepresentative Sherwood Boehlert on March 5, 2003. S. 610 ,... | [
"Legislation is pending in both the House of Representatives and the Senate to provide variouspersonnel flexibilities to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Two bills were introduced in March 2003. In the House, Representative Sherwood Boehlert introduced H.R. 1085 , the NASA Flexibility Act o... |
train_13296 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The U.S. government, which has expressed concerns regarding the rule of law in Zimbabwe for over a decade and which has long been critical of President Robert Mugabe, has been cautious in its engagement with the country's three-year-old power-sharing government. That government, which includes members of the former opp... | [
"President Robert Mugabe, 86, and his party, the Zimbabwe African National Union--Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF), have ruled Zimbabwe since its independence in 1980. Rising inflation and unemployment rates contributed in the late 1990s to the creation of the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC). The MDC enjoy... |
train_13297 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Presidential Transition Act of 1963 (PTA) authorizes funding for the General Services Administration (GSA) to provide suitable office space, staff compensation, and other services associated with the presidential transition process (3 U.S.C. §102 note). The act has been amended a number of times since 1963 in respo... | [
"The constitutional transfer of power and authority from an incumbent American President to a successor is a momentous occasion in American government. In the present day, this transfer of authority is a complex and multifaceted undertaking, as the outgoing Administration concludes its affairs and the incoming Admi... |
train_13298 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, the enforcement of our nation's immigration laws has received a significant amount of attention. Some observers contend that the federal government does not have adequate resources to enforce immigration law and that state and local law enforcement entities should be uti... | [
"Since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, the enforcement of our nation's immigration laws has received a significant amount of attention. Some observers contend that the federal government has scarce resources to enforce immigration law and that state and local law enforcement entities should be utilized. ... |
train_13299 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Robinson-Patman (R-P) Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 13, 13a, 13b, 21a, makes it unlawful, with certain exceptions, to knowingly sell goods "in commerce," for use or sale within the United States, at differing prices to contemporaneous buyers of those goods. The "in commerce" language of Robinson-Patman has been held to mean th... | [
"The Robinson-Patman Act (R-P)(15 U.S.C. §§13, 13a, 13b, 21a) was enacted in 1936 with the specific purpose of creating and maintaining a market atmosphere in which small business could compete effectively, at least in the purchase of commodities, with its larger rivals. The immediate impetus for that Depression-er... |
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