id string | question string | answer string | documents list |
|---|---|---|---|
train_13900 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On February 13, 2009, both the House and Senate passed the conference version of H.R. 1, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA). The primary purposes of the ARRA focus on promoting economic recovery, assisting those most affected by the recession, improving economic efficiency by "spurring technologi... | [
"O n On February 13, 2009, both the House and the Senate passed the conference version of H.R. 1 , the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA, hereafter referred to as the \"conference version\"). The primary purposes of the ARRA focus on promoting economic recovery, assisting those most affected by t... |
train_13901 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The increase in domestic supplies of natural gas has raised new interest in expanding its use in the transportation sector. This report considers issues related to wider use of natural gas as a fuel in passenger cars and commercial vehicles. The attractiveness of natural gas as a vehicle fuel is premised in large part ... | [
"The discovery of new sources of domestic natural gas from shale has given rise to new interest in using natural gas more extensively in transportation. This could occur in a number of ways. Natural gas (methane) can be burned directly in conventional diesel and gasoline engines that have been modified or retrofitt... |
train_13902 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA, P.L. 111-148, as modified by P.L. 111-152, the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010) contains a number of provisions that generally combine to extend the reach of existing federal mental health parity requirements. Prior to 1996, health insurance cove... | [
"The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA, P.L. 111-148 , as modified by P.L. 111-152 , the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010) contains a number of provisions that generally combine to expand the reach of federal mental health parity requirements as established by the Mental Health Par... |
train_13903 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The International Monetary Fund (IMF), conceived at the Bretton Woods conference in July 1944, is the multilateral organization focused on the international monetary system. Created in 1946 with 46 members, it has grown to include 189 countries. The IMF has six purposes that are outlined in Article I of the IMF Article... | [
"This report provides background information for Congress concerning the International Monetary Fund (IMF, the Fund), the central multilateral organization for international monetary cooperation. The United States is the largest financial contributor to the IMF and congressional interest in IMF activities has incre... |
train_13904 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Whether households have sufficient savings from which to ensure adequate income throughout retirement is a concern of households and, therefore, policymakers. The retirement income landscape has been changing over the past few decades. Although most households are eligible to receive Social Security benefits in retirem... | [
"Americans financially prepare for retirement in a variety of ways: most individuals who work are eligible for Social Security benefits; about half the workforce is covered by an employer-sponsored pension; some save for retirement using Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs); others accumulate non-retirement financ... |
train_13905 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | While many legislative proposals introduced in a given Congress may have implications for rural America, Congress has generally expressed concern with economic development of rural communities within the context of periodic omnibus farm bills, most recently in Title VI of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (P.L. 113-79). Con... | [
"While farm commodity issues may occupy center stage in policy discussions of the periodic omnibus farm bills, rural community and economic development are also topics of congressional concern and are a separate title within the farm bill. Since 1973, omnibus farm bills have included a rural development title. The ... |
train_13906 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) was chartered by Congress in 1984 to aid in the conservation of plants, animals, and ecosystems; many of its projects involve work with federal agencies. By statute, NFWF is a "charitable and nonprofit corporation and is not an agency or establishment of the United State... | [
"The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) was chartered by Congress in 1984. Although many of NFWF's projects involve work with federal agencies, under the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Section 501(c)(3), it is a \"charitable and nonprofit corporation and is not an agency or establishment of the United States... |
train_13907 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The term "STEM education" refers to teaching and learning in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. It typically includes educational activities across all grade levels—from pre-school to post-doctorate—in both formal (e.g., classrooms) and informal (e.g., afterschool programs) settings. Feder... | [
"The term \"STEM education\" refers to teaching and learning in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. It typically includes educational activities across all grade levels—from pre-school to post-doctorate—in both formal (e.g., classrooms) and informal (e.g., afterschool programs) settings... |
train_13908 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | There has been increased discussion about law enforcement legally "hacking" and accessing certain information about or on devices or servers. Law enforcement has explored various avenues to discover and exploit vulnerabilities in technology so it may attempt to uncover information relevant to a case that might otherwis... | [
"T here has been increased discussion about law enforcement legally \"hacking\" and accessing certain information on or about devices or servers. Officials conduct this hacking as part of criminal investigations and takedowns of websites that host illicit content or facilitate illegal activity. There have been repo... |
train_13909 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | As a major energy consumer, Europe faces a number of challenges in addressing future energy needs. Among these challenges are rapidly rising global demand and competition for energy resources from countries such as China and India, tensions with Russia, persistent instability in the Middle East, a fragmented internal E... | [
"The 28 member-state European Union (EU) has been a major natural gas consumer and importer for decades. As Europe's natural gas production has declined in recent years, its vulnerability to imported natural gas has increased. This has left it more dependent as a whole on its main supplier, Russia, which has shown ... |
train_13910 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States and Mexico share the waters of the Colorado River and Rio Grande pursuant to binational agreements. Increasing water demands and reduced supplies deriving from drought and air temperatures increase the challenges and significance of reliable water sharing. The International Boundary and Water Commissi... | [
"How to share water has long been a complex issue for the U.S.-Mexican border region, and it has been the cause of both tension and cooperation in the broader U.S.-Mexican relationship. The two countries share a nearly 2,000-mile border. Multiple rivers cross or form the border at various points. The principal shar... |
train_13911 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Following the August 14, 2003, electric grid blackout which affected large portions of the Northeast United States and Ontario, Canada, Congress acted to promote investment in the nation's electrical grid to increase the system's capacity and efficiency. Inadequacies of an antiquated transmission system were blamed for... | [
"Following the August 14, 2003, electric grid blackout which affected large portions of the Northeast United States and Ontario, Canada, Congress acted to promote investment in the nation's electrical grid to increase the system's capacity and efficiency. Inadequacies of an antiquated transmission system were blame... |
train_13912 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On February 4, 2008, President Bush sent his fiscal year (FY) 2009 budget to Congress. The President's budget predicted a deficit of $407 billion for FY2008 and $410 billion for FY2009, up from $162 billion in FY2007. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimated the FY2008 deficit would total $396 billion if the Pre... | [
"The Bush Administration released The Budget of the U.S. Government, Fiscal Year 2009 on February 4, 2008. The full set of budget documents ( Budget, Appendix, Analytical Perspectives, Historical Tables , as well as several other supplemental budget documents) contains detailed budget information, including estimat... |
train_13913 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Savvy criminals constantly develop new techniques to target U.S. persons, businesses, and interests. Individual criminals as well as broad criminal networks exploit geographic borders, criminal turf, cyberspace, and law enforcement jurisdiction to dodge law enforcement countermeasures. Further, the interplay of these r... | [
"Savvy criminals constantly develop new techniques to target U.S. persons, businesses, and interests. Central to the evolution of modern-day crime are four broad operational realities—geographic borders, criminal turf, cyberspace, and law enforcement jurisdiction. Individual criminals as well as broad criminal netw... |
train_13914 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Preferential trade agreements (PTAs) comprise a variety of arrangements that favor member parties over nonmembers by extending tariff and other nontariff preferences. PTAs, particularly free trade agreements (FTAs), have proliferated in recent years. In the post-war period, the European Union (EU), which is a PTA itsel... | [
"Preferential trade agreements (PTAs) comprise a variety of unilateral, bilateral, or regional arrangements which favor member parties over nonmembers by extending tariff and other nontariff preferences. The most prevalent PTA today is a free trade agreement (FTA), such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (N... |
train_13915 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Several protests around the country regarding police use of force and a perceived lack of accountability for law enforcement officers have sparked a discussion about local law enforcement and judicial practices. In response, several Members of Congress have formulated a number of proposals designed to promote accountab... | [
"Several protests around the country regarding the actions of local law enforcement officers have sparked a discussion about local law enforcement and judicial practices. Concerns involve a variety of issues, including law enforcement tactics such as chokeholds and the use of military-style equipment. For example, ... |
train_13916 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In recent decades, the United States has entered into binding investment agreements with foreign countries to facilitate investment flows, reduce restrictions on foreign investment and expand market access, and enhance investor protections, while balancing other policy interests. Some World Trade Organization (WTO) agr... | [
"The United States is a major source and recipient of foreign direct investment (FDI). In recent decades, the United States has entered into binding international investment agreements (IIAs) with foreign countries to facilitate investment flows, reduce restrictions on foreign investment, expand market access, and ... |
train_13917 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report discusses current constitutional and statutory requirements related to affirmative action in employment. Seeds of the legal controversy regarding affirmative action may be traced to the early 1960s as the Supreme Court grappled with the seemingly intractable problem of racial segregation in the nation's pub... | [
"This report discusses current constitutional and statutory requirements related to affirmative action in employment. Seeds of the legal controversy regarding affirmative action may be traced to the early 1960s as first the Warren and then the Burger Court grappled with the seemingly intractable problem of racial s... |
train_13918 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides Congress with official, unclassified, quantitative data on conventional arms transfers to developing nations by the United States and foreign countries for the preceding eight calendar years for use in its policy oversight functions. All agreement and delivery data in this report for the United Sta... | [
"This report provides Congress with official, unclassified data from U.S. government sources on transfers of conventional arms to developing nations by major suppliers for the period 2008 through 2015. It also includes some data on worldwide supplier transactions. It updates and revises CRS Report R42017, Conventio... |
train_13919 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Mexico held national elections for a new president and congress on July 2, 2006. Conservative Felipe Calderón of the National Action Party (PAN) narrowly defeated Andrés Manuel López Obrador of the leftist Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) in a highly contested election. Final results of the presidential elec... | [
"Mexico held presidential and congressional elections on July 2, 2006. The presidential vote was the second since the end of the Institutional Revolutionary Party's (PRI) 71-year authoritarian rule in 2000. President Vicente Fox of the National Action Party (PAN) was constitutionally prohibited from seeking re-elec... |
train_13920 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) administers several educational assistance programs (GI Bills®) that provide funds to or on behalf of veterans and servicemembers and their family members to facilitate their enrollment in and pursuit of approved programs of education. Participation and spending for the Post-9/11... | [
"The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), previously named the Veterans Administration, has been providing veterans educational assistance (GI Bill ® ) benefits since 1944. The benefits have been intended, at various times, to compensate for compulsory service, encourage voluntary service, prevent unemployment... |
train_13921 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | P.L. 112-10, the Department of Defense and Full-Year Continuing Appropriations Act, 2011 (H.R. 1473), enacted April 15, 2011, provided $8.70 billion for EPA for FY2011 prior to a 0.2% across-the-board rescission. None of the 12 regular appropriations bills for FY2011, including the Interior, Environment, and Related Ag... | [
"On February 19, 2011, the House passed H.R. 1 , the Full-Year Continuing Appropriations Act, 2011. As amended and passed, Division B of H.R. 1 would have provided adjusted funding levels through the end of FY2011 for 11 of the 12 regular appropriations bills, including the Interior, Environment, and Related Agenci... |
train_13922 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report contains an explanation of the major provisions of the federal estate, gift, and generation-skipping transfer taxes as they apply to transfers in 2014. The following discussion provides basic principles regarding the computation of these three transfer taxes. The federal estate and generation-skipping trans... | [
"This report explains the major provisions of the federal estate, gift, and generation-skipping transfer taxes as they apply to transfers in 2014. The enactment of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 phased out the estate and generation-skipping transfer taxes over a 10-year period, leavin... |
train_13923 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Internet privacy issues encompass several types of concerns. One is the collection ofpersonally identifiable information (PII) by website operators from visitors to government andcommercial websites, or by software that is surreptitiously installed on a user's computer ("spyware")and transmits the information to someon... | [
"Internet privacy issues encompass several concerns. One is the collection of personallyidentifiable information (PII) by website operators from visitors to government and commercialwebsites, or by software that is surreptitiously installed on a user's computer (\"spyware\") andtransmits the information to someone ... |
train_13924 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The structure of a family plays an important role in children's well-being. A contributing factor to the high rates of child poverty over the long term, and the increase in child poverty during the period from 2001-2007, was the increasing likelihood of children living in families headed by a single female. In 2012, ab... | [
"The nation's future depends in large part on its children's ability to develop into contributing adult members of society. For that reason, and for what many would consider a society's moral obligation to care for the young and vulnerable, Congress and the nation take an interest in promoting children's well-being... |
train_13925 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Unemployment Compensation (UC) program contains several provisions relevant to current and former military service personnel and their families. The UC program does not provide benefits for military servicemembers on active duty. However, former active duty military personnel (and certain reservists) recently separ... | [
"Unemployment Compensation for Ex-Servicemembers (UCX) provides income support to former active duty military personnel or reservists, who were recently released from active duty, while they search for work. The Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act of 1991 ( P.L. 102-164 ) provides that former servicemembers be ... |
train_13926 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The 113th Congress is actively considering whether to amend and extend the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA, P.L. 107-110). As part of these deliberations, consideration has been given to how students with disabilities are included in accountability systems. The ESEA and the Individuals with Disabilities Ed... | [
"The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), as amended by the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB, P.L. 107-110 ), and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA, P.L. 108-446 ) both require all students with disabilities to participate in district and state assessments. Because student achiev... |
train_13927 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast on August 29, 2005, causing widespread flooding and significant infrastructure damage to 83 federal facilities in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. The General Services Administration (GSA) is the federal government's primary real property agency, with 11 regional offices that... | [
"Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast on August 29, 2005, causing significant infrastructure damage to 83 GSA owned and leased federal buildings and courthouses in Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi, necessitating the eventual relocation of 2,600 federal employees from 28 federal agencies. Sixteen of the damage... |
train_13928 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The U.S. Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP), which is managed by the Department of State (DOS), resettles refugees from around the world in the United States. Once a refugee case is approved for U.S. resettlement, the USRAP determines where in the country the refugee(s) will be resettled. This determination is made thr... | [
"The U.S. Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP), which is managed by the Department of State (DOS), resettles refugees from around the world in the United States. Under U.S. law, a refugee is a person fleeing his or her country because of persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, ... |
train_13929 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The provision of $8 billion for intercity passenger rail projects in the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) reinvigorated efforts to expand intercity passenger rail transportation in the United States. The Obama Administration subsequently announced that it would ask Congress to provide $1 b... | [
"The provision of $8 billion for intercity passenger rail projects in the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA; P.L. 111-5 ) reinvigorated the development of high speed intercity passenger rail (HSR) transportation in the United States. While Congress has been interested in HSR since the 1960s, the ARR... |
train_13930 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | U.S. farmers grow more than 250 types of fruit, vegetable, tree nut, flower, ornamental nursery, and turfgrass crops in addition to the major bulk commodity crops. Although specialty crops are ineligible for the federal commodity price and income support programs, they are eligible for other types of U.S. Department of... | [
"U.S. farmers grow more than 250 types of fruit, vegetable, tree nut, flower, ornamental nursery, and turfgrass crops in addition to the major bulk commodity crops. In 2006, specialty crop production accounted for $53.3 billion, or 44%, of total U.S. crop receipts (22% of total receipts for crops and livestock). Th... |
train_13931 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Several high-profile police shootings and other law enforcement-related deaths in the United States have sparked intense protests throughout the country and a fierce debate in Congress concerning the appropriate level of force police officers should wield in a society that equally values public safety and the lives of ... | [
"By the very nature of their job, law enforcement officers are tasked with using physical force to restrain individuals and protect themselves and others from harm. Police officers must stop and seize violent suspects, serve search warrants in hostile environments, and maintain the peace and safety of the communiti... |
train_13932 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | One of the functions transferred to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) under P.L. 111-203, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank), is authority to issue regulations and take enforcement actions under the two major federal statutes that specify conditions under which cust... | [
"With modern technology's ability to gather and retain data, financial services businesses have increasingly found ways to take advantage of their large reservoirs of customer information. Not only can they enhance customer service by tailoring services and communications to customer preferences, but they can benef... |
train_13933 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Telephone records contain a large amount of intimate personal information. Recent years have seen a rise in the use of this information for marketing and even for criminal purposes. The purchase and sale of telephone record information, therefore, became a booming business. Websites and data brokers claiming to be able... | [
"In response to a petition filed by the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) concerning numerous websites advertising the sale of personal telephone records, the Federal Communications Commission conducted a rulemaking to determine the extent of the problem and construct regulations in response to consumer ... |
train_13934 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The current legislative and oversight activity with respect to electronic surveillance under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) has drawn national attention to several overarching issues. This report briefly outlines three such issues and touches upon some of the perspectives reflected in the ongoing deba... | [
"The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, P.L. 95-511 , 92 Stat. 1783 (October 25, 1978), 50 U.S.C. §§ 1801 et seq . (hereinafter FISA), was enacted in response both to the Committee to Study Government Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities (otherwise known as the Church Committee) revelation... |
train_13935 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Almost all scientists agree that the Earth's climate is changing, having warmed by 0.6 to 0.9o Celsius (1.1 to 1.6o Fahrenheit) since the Industrial Revolution. Science indicates that the Earth's global average temperature is now approaching, or possibly has passed, the warmest experienced since human civilizations beg... | [
"CLIMATIC EFFECTS OF POLLUTION: Carbon dioxide is being added to the earth's atmosphere by the burning of coal, oil and natural gas at the rate of 6 billion tons a year. By the year 2000 there will be about 25% more CO 2 in our atmosphere than at present. This will modify the heat balance of the atmosphere to such ... |
train_13936 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Earth penetrator weapons, often called "bunker busters," burrow into the ground some tensof feet before detonating, greatly increasing their ability to destroy buried targets. The United Stateshas several types of conventional earth penetrators. The current U.S. nuclear earth penetrator, theB61-11 bomb, cannot penetrat... | [
"Potential adversaries and others have built hardened underground facilities to protect keyassets. Conventional weapons are unable to destroy many such facilities, though opinions differ onwhether nonnuclear means can disable or isolate them. Surface-burst nuclear weapons would havelimited effectiveness against dee... |
train_13937 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In LaRue v. DeWolff, Boberg & Associates , a participant in a 401(k) plan requested that plan administrators change an investment in his individual account. The plan administrators failed to make this change, and the individual's account allegedly suffered losses. The participant brought an action against his former em... | [
"The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) provides a comprehensive federal scheme for the regulation of private-sector employee benefit plans. One of the primary goals in enacting ERISA was to \"protect ... the interests of participants and ... beneficiaries\" of employee benefit plans, and assur... |
train_13938 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since 1990, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) has identified the Medicare program as at risk for improper payments and fraud, and, since 2004, has issued 12 products documenting various program vulnerabilities. As noted by GAO and other public and private analysts, Medicare's vulnerability to fraud and abuse a... | [
"According to the 2011 Medicare Trustees report, total Medicare expenditures were $523 billion in 2010 for 47.5 million beneficiaries. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Office of the Actuary projected overall Medicare spending will reach $557.4 billion in 2011. Due to a number of factors such as ad... |
train_13939 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Although much progress has been made in achieving the ambitious goals that Congress established more than 35 years ago in the Clean Water Act (CWA) to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters, long-standing problems persist, and new problems have emerged. Water qualit... | [
"Although much progress has been made in achieving the ambitious goals that Congress established 30-plus years ago to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters, long-standing problems persist, and new problems have emerged. Water quality problems are diverse, rangi... |
train_13940 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report explains the process for filling positions to which the President makes appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate (also referred to as PAS positions). It also identifies, for the 111th Congress, all nominations to full-time positions requiring Senate confirmation in 41 organizations in the exec... | [
"This report explains the process for filling positions to which the President makes appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate (PAS positions). It also identifies, for the 111 th Congress, all nominations to full-time positions requiring Senate confirmation in 41 organizations in the executive branch (... |
train_13941 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The unemployment rate greatly increased after the onset of the latest recession in December 2007, when it measured 5.0%. The rate peaked at 10.0% in October 2009, four months after the recession's official end in June 2009. More than three years into the recovery, the unemployment rate averaged 8.1% in 2012. Given its ... | [
"During the past few years, economists have been debating how much of the increase in unemployment since the start of the 2007-2009 recession is due to reduced demand for goods and services compared with compositional changes entailing worker reallocation across industries and areas. In other words, how much of the... |
train_13942 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) National Weather Service (NWS) manages two tsunami warning centers that monitor, detect, and issue warnings for tsunamis. The NWS operates the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC) at Ford Island, Hawaii, and the National Tsunami Warning Center (NTWC) at Pa... | [
"The United States has two centers that monitor, detect, and issue warnings for tsunamis. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) National Weather Service (NWS) manages both centers. The NWS operates the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC) at Ford Island, Hawaii, and the National Tsunami Wa... |
train_13943 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill includes funding for the Department of the Interior (DOI), except for the Bureau of Reclamation, and for two agencies within other departments—the Forest Service within the Department of Agriculture and the Indian Health Service (IHS) within the Depart... | [
"On March 11, 2009, the President signed the Omnibus Appropriations Act, 2009 ( P.L. 111-8 , H.R. 1105 ). The omnibus law contained regular appropriations for FY2009 of $27.59 billion for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies. In earlier action, on February 17, 2009, the President signed the American Recovery... |
train_13944 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Breached floodwalls in downtown New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina caused significant flooding. Unlike most of the flooding in coastal Louisiana which resulted from water flowing over levees and floodwalls as the storm's surge exceeded the structures' height, preliminary evidence suggests that three downtown New Orle... | [
"New Orleans' location on the Gulf Coast with water on three sides and below-sea-level terrain makes this densely populated section of Louisiana highly susceptible to flooding from hurricane storm surges. New Orleans' flooding threats are not only from the coast but also from the Mississippi River and rainfall that... |
train_13945 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since the late 1990s, China's robust international engagement has caught many by surprise and prompted growing American debate over the PRC's motivations and objectives. This international engagement has expanded while the United States has been preoccupied with its military involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan. Congres... | [
"Having progressed on a steady path since the late 1970s on multiple global economic and political endeavors, the robust international engagement of the People's Republic of China (PRC) since 2000 caught many by surprise and prompted spirited American disagreement and debate over the PRC's foreign policy motivation... |
train_13946 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Periodically, concerns have been raised about the number and variety of products created to document congressional activity. Other concerns focus on the process for authorizing and distributing printed government documents to Members of Congress, committees, and other officials in the House and Senate. These concerns r... | [
"Periodically, concerns have been raised about the number and variety of products created to document congressional activity. Other concerns focus on the process for authorizing and distributing printed government documents to Members of Congress, congressional committees, and other officials in the House and Senat... |
train_13947 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States and the subsequent revelation of Al Qaeda cells in Europe gave new momentum to European Union (EU) initiatives to combat terrorism and improve police, judicial, and intelligence cooperation among its member states. Other deadly incidents in Europe, such as ... | [
"The September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States and the subsequent revelation of Al Qaeda cells in Europe gave new momentum to European Union (EU) initiatives to combat terrorism and improve police, judicial, and intelligence cooperation. The EU is a unique partnership that defines and manages econo... |
train_13948 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The connections between trade and migration are as longstanding as the historic movements of goods and people. The desire for commerce may often be the principal motivation, but the need to send people to facilitate the transactions soon follows. Recognition of this phenomenon is incorporated into the Immigration and N... | [
"The connections between trade and migration are as longstanding as the historic movements of goods and people. The desire for commerce may often be the principal motivation, but the need to send people to facilitate the transactions soon follows. Recognition of this phenomenon was incorporated into the Immigration... |
train_13949 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Indian Health Service (IHS) within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is the lead federal agency charged with improving the health of American Indians and Alaska Natives. IHS provides health care for approximately 2.2 million eligible American Indians/Alaska Natives through a system of programs and f... | [
"The Indian Health Service (IHS) within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is the lead federal agency charged with improving the health of American Indians and Alaska Natives. IHS provides health care for approximately 2.2 million eligible American Indians/Alaska Natives through a system of programs ... |
train_13950 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report examines several budget process reform options that have received prominentcongressional consideration in recent years: an extension of the Budget Enforcement Act; a jointbudget resolution; an emergency reserve fund; an automatic continuing resolution; and biennialbudgeting. For each reform option, the anal... | [
"The budget has become a central issue in American politics because it reflects decisionsconcerning how big the federal government should be and priorities for what the government shoulddo. How those decisions should be made, by whom and under what constraints has also become apart of the modern political dialog. A... |
train_13951 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 2010, 90% of children had health insurance coverage in the United States, and 10% of children were uninsured. Among children with coverage, private health insurance, including employer-sponsored insurance and nongroup insurance, was the predominant source of coverage, followed by public coverage, including Medicaid ... | [
"Over the years, research has consistently shown that children with health insurance coverage have better access to health care services and a regular health care provider, which in turn results in better health outcomes. According to the Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Current Population Survey (CPS, ... |
train_13952 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Guest worker programs are meant to assure employers (e.g., fruit, vegetable, and horticultural specialty growers) of an adequate supply of labor when and where it is needed while not adding permanent residents to the U.S. population. They include mechanisms such as the H-2A program's labor certification process to avoi... | [
"The nation has had a long history of guest worker programs targeted at the agricultural industry, which have enabled farmers to temporarily import foreign workers to perform seasonal jobs without adding permanent residents to the U.S. population. Unsuccessful attempts were made during the past few Congresses to am... |
train_13953 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Bombings of passenger trains in Europe and Asia in the last few years have demonstrated the vulnerability of passenger rail systems to terrorist attack. The number of riders and access points makes it impractical to subject all rail passengers to the type of screening airline passengers undergo. Nevertheless, steps can... | [
"Congressional concerns over the protection of passenger rail systems are a priority in the 110 th Congress. Congress greatly expanded the federal role in passenger rail security in Title XIV (the National Transit Systems Security Act of 2007) and Title XV (Surface Transportation Security) of the Implementing Recom... |
train_13954 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Existing U.S. sanctions on Burma are based on various U.S. laws and presidential executive orders. This report provides a brief history of U.S. policy towards Burma and the development of U.S. sanctions, a topical summary of those sanctions, and an examination of additional sanctions that have been considered, but not ... | [
"The United States imposes sanctions on Burma by a variety of means, including certain laws and presidential executive orders (E.O.s) specifically targeting Burma, as well as laws that impose sanctions on countries for unacceptable behavior related to functional issues of importance to the U.S. government, such as ... |
train_13955 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Maintaining the security of U.S. borders is a fundamental responsibility of the federal government. Various border security missions are assigned to the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Defense, and other federal agencies that work in cooperation with state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies.... | [
"Maintaining the security of the borders of the United States is a fundamental responsibility of the federal government. Threats to the security of U.S. borders are varied—borders can be violated by foreign military forces, smugglers (especially narcotics smugglers), and unauthorized visitors (including foreign ter... |
train_13956 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Energy security is of increasing importance to the United States and its European allies, as some energy producers are using oil and gas for political leverage. Although most European allies believe that a market solution exists to ensure security of energy supplies, NATO has begun to discuss the issue as an allied con... | [
"The growth of China and India as large consumers of energy, coupled with an inability to develop reliable and affordable alternatives to oil and natural gas, has led to the belief that the power to ensure access to international energy resources has shifted from energy consumers to energy producers. Since 2005 Rus... |
train_13957 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On February 13, 2012, President Obama submitted his FY2013 budget to Congress. The Administration requests a total of $62.076 billion for the agencies and bureaus funded as a part of the annual Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) appropriations bill. The Administration's request includes $7.978 billi... | [
"This report will track and provide an overview of actions taken by the Administration and Congress to provide FY2013 appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts. It also provides an overview of enacted FY2012 appropriations for agencies and bureaus funded as a part of the ann... |
train_13958 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In a decision that had the potential to upset decades of antitrust law, and also to have a broad impact beyond the immediate consequences for the litigating parties, the Supreme Court ruled, on May 24, 2010, that the intellectual-property licensing activities of the National Football League (NFL or League) and its memb... | [
"The teams of the National Football League (NFL or League) formed NFL Properties (NFLP) in 1963 to aid in the promotion of the NFL brand, including the manufacture, licensing, and marketing of team- and league-logoed, trademarked clothing and merchandise. Originally, the licenses granted by NFLP were non-exclusive ... |
train_13959 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The 113th Congress has been considering an omnibus farm bill that would establish the direction of U.S. agricultural policy for the next five years. Among the many provisions being considered, both the Senate-passed (S. 954) and House-passed (H.R. 2642) versions of the 2013 farm bill would reshape the structure of U.S.... | [
"Many of the farm commodity programs are set to expire with the extended 2008 farm bill (the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, P.L. 110-246 ) in 2013. In anticipation, the 113 th Congress has been considering an omnibus farm bill that would establish the direction of U.S. agricultural policy for the next ... |
train_13960 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On February 5, 2007, President Bush released his FY2008 budget request, ten days before the Congress finished work on the FY2007 spending bills by approving a revised year-long continuing resolution (P.L. 110-5). The FY2007 CR funded most Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) programs at their FY2006 level,... | [
"On December 19, 2007, Congress enacted the FY2008 Consolidated Appropriations Act (attached to H.R. 2764 ), to fund most of the federal government, including HUD, for the remainder of the fiscal year. The overall HUD funding level provided in the Consolidated Appropriations Act is less than originally approved by ... |
train_13961 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Many federally funded programs that assist unemployed workers are co-located and coordinated through state and locally run American Job Centers (AJCs; also known as One-Stop Career Centers). The specific set of benefits and services available to a worker through the AJC network varies by the worker's characteristics an... | [
"Many federally funded programs to assist unemployed workers are coordinated through state- and locally run Ame rican Job Centers (AJCs; also known as One-Stop Career Centers). Programs available to jobseekers at AJCs include income support (typically unemployment insurance), as well as a variety of reemployment an... |
train_13962 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress has established a number of programs to compensate or assist victims of certain specific circumstances, including negligence, terrorism, and "acts of God." Federal compensation programs can be described by certain common attributes. These include aspects of program administration; requirements for and determin... | [
"In many instances, people who suffer physical or psychological injury, disease or death due to the actions of others may gain compensation through civil actions in the courts. In addition, Congress has established a number of programs to compensate or assist victims of certain specific circumstances, including neg... |
train_13963 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | "Patent evergreening" is a potentially perjorative term that generally refers to the strategy of obtaining multiple patents that cover different aspects of the same product, typically by obtaining patents on improved versions of existing products. Although the patent system allows improvement patents to be obtained in ... | [
"Legislative interest in the interaction between intellectual property and public health has been evidenced by considerable discussion of a number of bills in the 111 th Congress. Some of this legislation would establish marketing exclusivities for biologic medicines alongside an expedited marketing approval pathwa... |
train_13964 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Constitution provides Congress with broad powers over the Armed Forces, including the power to "to raise and support Armies," "to provide and maintain a Navy," "to make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces" and "to provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the Militia, and for... | [
"The term \"Reserve Component\" (RC) refers collectively to the seven individual reserve components of the Armed Forces: the Army National Guard of the United States, the Army Reserve, the Navy Reserve, the Marine Corps Reserve, the Air National Guard of the United States, the Air Force Reserve, and the Coast Guard... |
train_13965 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Bakken Formation is a large unconventional petroleum and natural gas resource underlying parts of North Dakota, Montana, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba. Bakken oil production is now viable because of advanced horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing methods. Growth in production is rapi... | [
"High oil prices and advances in drilling technology have allowed oil and natural gas companies to access new hydrocarbon resources that appeared uneconomic to produce only a few years ago. There has been much attention to shale gas, which has transformed the U.S. natural gas market and kept natural gas prices low.... |
train_13966 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Increasing violence perpetrated by drug trafficking organizations and other criminal groups is threatening citizen security in Mexico and Central America. Drug trafficking-related violence claimed more than 6,500 lives in Mexico in 2009, and several Central American countries have among the world's highest homicide rat... | [
"Escalating drug trafficking-related violence in Mexico and the increasing presence of Mexican drug traffickers and Central American gangs in the United States have focused congressional concern on the pace of implementation of the Mérida Initiative. These concerns have been heightened since the March 13, 2010, kil... |
train_13967 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The combination of food and economic crises has pushed the number of food-insecure or hungry people worldwide to historic levels—more than 1 billion people are undernourished, according to estimates by the United Nations (U.N.) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). In addition, the U.N. Secretary General reports tha... | [
"The combination of food and economic crises has pushed the number of food-insecure or hungry people worldwide to historic levels—more than 1 billion people are undernourished, according to estimates by the United Nations (U.N.) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). In addition, the U.N. Secretary General report... |
train_13968 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On October 31, 2011, MF Global, a large brokerage firm registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) as a broker-dealer and with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) as a futures commission merchant (FCM), filed for bankruptcy, marking the eighth-largest bankruptcy in U.S. history. Based on th... | [
"MF Global Holdings, Ltd. was one of the world's leading brokers in markets for commodities and listed derivatives, providing clients with access to more than 70 exchanges globally. The firm was a leader by volume on many of the world's largest derivatives exchanges. MF Global was also an active broker-dealer in ma... |
train_13969 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Impact Aid program, administered by the U.S. Department of Education (ED) and authorized by Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), was originally established in 1950 by P.L. 81-815 and P.L. 81-874, 15 years prior to the enactment of the ESEA. Impact Aid compensates local educational agencie... | [
"The Impact Aid program, administered by the U.S. Department of Education (ED), was originally established in 1950 by P.L. 81-815 and P.L. 81-874, 15 years prior to the enactment of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). Impact Aid compensates local educational agencies (LEAs) for a \"substantial and co... |
train_13970 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Title VI of the Higher Education Act (HEA)—International Education Programs—authorizes a variety of grants to institutions of higher education (IHEs) and related entities to enhance instruction in foreign language and area studies (FLAS). This is one of the oldest U.S. Department of Education (ED) programs of support t... | [
"Title VI of the Higher Education Act (HEA, P.L. 89-329, as amended)—International Education Programs—authorizes a variety of grants to institutions of higher education (IHEs) and related institutions for the purpose of enhancing instruction in foreign language and area studies (FLAS). This is one of the oldest, co... |
train_13971 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Crisis Overview Since 2009, Greece has grappled with a serious debt crisis. Most economists believe that Greece's public debt, 180% of Greek gross domestic product (GDP), is unsustainable. The ramifications of the debt have been felt throughout the Greek economy, which contracted by 25% from its pre-crisis level. A fif... | [
"Since 2009, Greece has grappled with a serious debt crisis. Most economists believe that Greece's public debt, 180% of Greek gross domestic product (GDP), is unsustainable. The ramifications of the debt have been felt throughout the Greek economy, which contracted by 25% from its pre-crisis level. One in five Gre... |
train_13972 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In children and adolescents, obesity is defined as being at or above the 95th percentile of the age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI); overweight is defined as being between the 85th and 94th percentiles, based on growth charts developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Over the past three decad... | [
"Over the past three decades, obesity rates have more than doubled among adults, and tripled among children and adolescents. In 2011-2012, about 32% of U.S. children and adolescents between the ages of 2 and 19 years old were overweight, and more than half of those children were considered obese. Recent data sugges... |
train_13973 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | For FY2004 Congress began providing, in a single bill, appropriations for the Departments of Transportation and the Treasury, the United States Postal Service, the Executive Office of thePresident, and Related Agencies, as well as General Government provisions. On January 23, 2004, President Bush signed the Consolidate... | [
"On January 23, 2004, President Bush signed the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2004( H.R. 2673 ; P.L. 108-199 ), which included the conference version of theTransportation, Treasury and Independent Agencies Appropriations bill (Division F); theHouse had passed the bill on December 8, 2003, the Senate on January 2... |
train_13974 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Student loan forgiveness and loan repayment programs provide borrowers a means of having all or part of their student loan debt forgiven or repaid in exchange for work or service in specific fields or professions or following a prolonged period during which their student loan debt burden is high relative to their incom... | [
"Federal student loan programs that make available loan forgiveness or repayment in return for service in certain professions or occupations have existed since the enactment of the National Defense Education Act of 1958 (NDEA; P.L. 85-864), which authorized the National Defense Student Loan (NDSL) program. In recog... |
train_13975 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The major federally funded community service and volunteer programs in this country are authorized under two statutes: the National and Community Service Act of 1990 (NCSA), as amended, and the Domestic Volunteer Service Act of 1973 (DVSA), as amended. The programs authorized by these statutes are administered by the C... | [
"The major federally funded community service and volunteer programs are authorized under two statutes: the National and Community Service Act of 1990 (NCSA) and the Domestic Volunteer Service Act of 1973 (DVSA). In general, these programs are administered by the Corporation for National and Community Service (here... |
train_13976 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Whether an individual is permitted to carry a concealed firearm is a matter traditionally regulated by the states. State laws vary with respect to eligibility requirements to obtain a concealed carry permit (CCP). A majority of states, known as "shall-issue" jurisdictions, require the issuing authority to issue a CCP t... | [
"Carrying a concealed firearm is an activity traditionally regulated by the states. Generally, each state has its own concealed carry eligibility laws and requirements, and determines which out-of-state concealed carry permits it will recognize. Although regulating concealed carry has been left to the states, Congr... |
train_13977 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal agencies issue thousands of regulations each year under delegated authority from Congress. Over the past 70 years, Congress and various Presidents have created a set of procedures agencies must follow to issue these regulations, some of which contain requirements for the calculation and consideration of costs, ... | [
"Federal agencies issue thousands of regulations every year. These regulations are often the means through which various government policies and programs are implemented. Many of these regulations are administrative or routine in nature and have little or no compliance cost associated with them. A number of these r... |
train_13978 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Concerns about potential disruptions in U.S. trade flows due to a global health or security crisis are not new. The possibility of an avian flu pandemic with consequences for global trade is a concern that has received attention recently, although some experts believe there is little cause for alarm. Experts disagree o... | [
"This report examines scenarios in which international trade could be heavily controlled or limited due to an avian flu pandemic. Each of the scenarios presented depicts the possibility that imports of goods into the United States could be curtailed due to the avian flu. Some experts argue that these scenarios are ... |
train_13979 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | H.R. 1145, the National Water Research and Development Initiative Act of 2009, would formally establish a federal interagency committee to coordinate federal water research. Federal water research currently averages roughly $700 million annually. The proposed interagency committee, with input from an advisory committee... | [
"More than 20 federal entities conduct water-related research and development and collect and disseminate water information and data. Whether coordination of federally funded water research would produce greater benefits for the nation is the policy question at the center of H.R. 1145 , the National Water Research ... |
train_13980 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Over the first few weeks of 2011, many employed, self-employed, and retired individuals from the public and private sectors discovered that the amount withheld from their paychecks and pension payments for federal income and employment taxes was larger or smaller than the amount that was withheld in 2010. This report i... | [
"For many individuals, the amount being withheld for federal taxes from their paychecks or pension payments in 2011 is larger than it was in 2010. The increases caught many people by surprise, since the 111 th Congress extended the reductions in individual income tax rates enacted during the first term of the Bush ... |
train_13981 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Long-term services and supports (LTSS) refer to a broad range of health and health-related services and supports needed by individuals who lack the capacity for self-care due to a physical, cognitive, or mental disability or condition. Often the individual's disability or condition results in the need for hands-on assi... | [
"Medicaid plays a key role in covering long-term services and supports (LTSS) to eligible aged and disabled individuals. As the largest single payer of LTSS in the United States, Medicaid LTSS spending in 2015 (combined federal and state) totaled $149.4 billion and accounted for 42.5% of all LTSS expenditures ($351... |
train_13982 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The federal law commonly known as the "Hatch Act" applies to all federal officers and employees—other than the President and Vice President—in the agencies, departments, bureaus, and offices of the executive branch of the federal government. Under the significant amendments made to the law in 1993, the Hatch Act now ge... | [
"This report provides information on the permissibility, under federal law, of a federal employee in an agency or department of the executive branch of government being a candidate for elective office. Under the provisions of federal law commonly known as the \"Hatch Act,\" civilian employees in the executive branc... |
train_13983 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The sheer number of Central American children coming to the United States who are not accompanied by a parent or legal guardian and who lack proper immigration documents is raising complex and competing sets of humanitarian concerns and immigration control issues. Adults and families from the same three countries—El Sa... | [
"The surge of Central American children coming to the United States who are not accompanied by a parent or legal guardian and who lack proper immigration documents is raising complex and competing sets of humanitarian concerns and immigration control issues. Adults and families from the same three countries—El Salv... |
train_13984 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The federal government is involved in management of water resources throughout the country, primarily through construction, operation, and management of numerous infrastructure projects, such as dams, levees, and navigation works. Increasingly, the federal government is also involved in ecosystem restoration and protec... | [
"The federal government has a long history of involvement in water resource development and management to facilitate navigation, expand irrigated agriculture, reduce flood losses, and, more recently, restore aquatic ecosystems. Increasing pressures on the quality and quantity of available water supplies—due to grow... |
train_13985 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Telehealth is the use of electronic information and telecommunications technologies to support remote clinical health care, patient and professional health-related education, public health, and other health care delivery functions. A narrower concept, telemedicine, refers to clinical services that are provided remotely... | [
"Telehealth is \"the use of electronic information and telecommunications technologies to support long-distance clinical health care, patient and professional health-related education, public health and health administration.\" Videoconferencing, store-and-forward imaging, and remote monitoring are some examples of... |
train_13986 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | China is building a modern and regionally powerful military with a limited but growing capability for conducting operations away from China's immediate periphery. The question of how the United States should respond to China's military modernization effort is a central issue in U.S. defense planning and foreign policy.... | [
"China (officially known as the People's Republic of China, PRC) is building a modern and regionally powerful military with a limited but growing capability for conducting operations away from China's immediate periphery. The question of how the United States should respond to China's military modernization effort ... |
train_13987 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Criminal law is usually territorial. It is a matter of the law of the place where it occurs. Nevertheless, a number of American criminal laws apply extraterritorially outside of the United States. Application is generally a question of legislative intent, express or implied. There are two exceptions. First, the statute... | [
"Crime is ordinarily proscribed, tried, and punished according to the laws of the place where it occurs. American criminal law applies beyond the geographical confines of the United States, however, under certain limited circumstances. A surprising number of federal criminal statutes have extraterritorial applicati... |
train_13988 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Leaders and Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives, the Vice President, individuals in positions on the Executive Schedule (EX), and federal justices and judges—all hereafter referred to as federal officials—are to receive an annual pay adjustment under the Ethics Reform Act of 1989, P.L. 101-194 (103 S... | [
"A provision in the Ethics Reform Act of 1989 provides for an annual salary adjustment for leaders and Members of the Senate and House of Representatives, the Vice President, individuals in positions on the Executive Schedule (EX), and federal justices and judges. The adjustment is based on the percentage change in... |
train_13989 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The immigrant investor visa was created in 1990 to benefit the U.S. economy through employment creation and an influx of foreign capital into the United States. The visa is also referred to as the EB-5 visa because it is the fifth employment preference immigrant visa category. The EB-5 visa provides lawful permanent re... | [
"Congress created several nonimmigrant and immigrant visa categories as a way to increase investment and job creation in the United States. There are two nonimmigrant investor visa categories, the E-1 visa for treaty traders and the E-2 visa for treaty investors. For immigrants, there is one investor visa category,... |
train_13990 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Child nutrition programs (e.g., school meal programs, summer food service, child care foodprograms) and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (theWIC Program) are subject to periodic comprehensive reviews, when appropriations and otherauthorities expire and have to be reauthorized.... | [
"Child nutrition programs and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women,Infants, and Children (the WIC program) are governed by three basic federal laws: (1) The Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act . This law was originallyenacted in 1946 as the National School Lunch Act; it was renamed in 1999.... |
train_13991 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On March 16, 2010, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) released Connecting America: The National Broadband Plan. Mandated by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA, P.L. 111-5), the FCC's National Broadband Plan (NBP) is a 360-page document composed of 17 chapters containing 208 specific recom... | [
"Signed into law on February 17, 2009, Section 6001(k) of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA, P.L. 111-5 ) mandated the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to prepare a report containing a national broadband plan. The impetus behind mandating a national broadband plan was derived from the ... |
train_13992 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | During the 108th Congress, the President submitted to the Senate 166 nominations to executive department full-time positions. Of these 166 nominations, 120 were confirmed; eight were withdrawn; one was returned to the President at the end of the first session; and 37 were returned to him at the end of the second sessio... | [
"This report provides an overview of the process for filling positions to which the President makes appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate (PAS positions). It also specifies, for the 108 th Congress, all nominations to full-time positions in the 15 executive departments, including the then-new Depar... |
train_13993 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Basel III Capital Accord, which was produced by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision at the Bank for International Settlements, is the latest in a series of evolving agreements among central banks and bank supervisory authorities from around the world to establish minimum capital requirements for financial in... | [
"Lending is inherently risky. Bank assets, which typically include loans made to borrowers, are risky because borrowers can default on their loans. In addition, banks face funding risk because they must continuously borrow short-term liquidity to fund their assets (customer loans). In other words, banks provide lon... |
train_13994 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The tax treatment of dividends has changed numerous times over the past century. Most recently, the American Taxpayer Relief Act (ATRA; P.L. 112-240) increased the tax rate on dividends, from 15% to 20%, for taxpayers in the top income tax bracket. The change was effective for 2013. Also effective in 2013 is the 3.8% t... | [
"Tax rates on dividends increased in 2013 for certain high-income taxpayers. These increases are due to (1) increased rates on dividends for taxpayers in the top income tax bracket enacted as part of the American Taxpayer Relief Act (ATRA; P.L. 112-240 ); and (2) a 3.8% tax on net investment income, including divid... |
train_13995 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The concurrent developments of digital radio broadcasting and digital cellular networks have enabled hybrid products that incorporate over-the-air broadcasting into cellphones. A recent introduction (2013) is a hybrid radio/smartphone with Internet connectivity, marketed in the United States as NextRadio. NextRadio use... | [
"Digital radio broadcasting was introduced in the 1980s as a European research project, leading to the adoption of a European standard called Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), updated in 2006 to DAB+. DAB/DAB+ standards are compatible with many digital cellphone standards, notably digital GSM, massively deployed as... |
train_13996 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Nuclear Command and Control System (NCCS) infrastructure supports the Presidentand his combatant commanders when they direct nuclear forces. This report discusses the currentrole of the NCCS in light of the 2001 Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) and the 2006 QuadrennialDefense Review (QDR), examines current issues surro... | [
"Directing the use of nuclear weapons is surely the gravest decision a President can make. The process established for the President to perform this function is \"Nuclear Command andControl\" (NC2). NC2 is defined as the exercise of authority and direction by the President,as Commander in Chief, through established... |
train_13997 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Financial CHOICE Act (FCA; H.R. 10) was introduced on April 26, 2017, by Representative Jeb Hensarling, chairman of the House Committee on Financial Services. It passed the House on June 8, 2017. Selected provisions of H.R. 10 were then added to the appropriations bill passed by the House (H.R. 3354). H.R. 10, as p... | [
"In the 114 th Congress, the Financial CHOICE Act of 2016 ( H.R. 5983 ) was sponsored by Representative Jeb Hensarling, chairman of the House Committee on Financial Services. The bill was reported by the House Committee on Financial Services on December 20, 2016. In the 115 th Congress, a modified version of the CH... |
train_13998 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Structurally, the Constitution establishes a federal government with discrete, limited powers, reserving authority not given to the federal government under the Constitution to the states and the people. The uncertain contours of this dual system have often resulted in Supreme Court decisions on the reach of the federa... | [
"Structurally, the Constitution establishes a federal government with discrete, limited powers, reserving authority not given to the federal government under the Constitution to the states and the people. However, political and legal notions of the limits of federal power and the core of state autonomy change. As c... |
train_13999 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In contrast with the debate over the FY2014 defense budget, congressional action on the FY2015 Department of Defense (DOD) "base budget" (that is, the part of the budget not associated with operations in Afghanistan or other situations designated by the President as emergencies) was not complicated by disputes over the... | [
"Fiscal year 2015 (FY2015) is the fourth consecutive year for which discretionary appropriations for the Department of Defense (DOD) are subject to a legally binding cap on national defense-related spending, initially codified by P.L. 112-25, the Budget Control Act of 2011 (or BCA) and subsequently modified, most r... |
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