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1,100 | This project is the responsibility of scientists of the Structural and Computational Biology Group at the Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC) of the University of Coimbra. Neurosim: an immersion in the molecular structure of memory: scientists at the Institute of Matter Structure, CSIC use the results of the... | Ibercivis | 0.844381 |
1,101 | In both cases, we are able to perform optimizations from the alias knowledge (assuming that no other thread updating the same locations can interleave with the current thread, or that the language memory model permits those updates to be not immediately visible to the current thread in absence of explicit synchronizati... | Alias analysis | 0.844378 |
1,102 | The RASP's finite-state machine is equipped with the capability for indirect addressing (e.g., the contents of one register can be used as an address to specify another register); thus the RASP's "program" can address any register in the register-sequence. The upshot of this distinction is that there are computational ... | Turing Machine | 0.844368 |
1,103 | Large scale custom peptide synthesis can be carried out either in a liquid solution or in solid phase. In general, peptides shorter than 8 amino acids are prepared more economically by solution chemistry. Peptides larger than 8 residues are generally assembled by solid phase chemistry. Solid phase peptide synthesis (SP... | Custom peptide synthesis | 0.844366 |
1,104 | The problem of Apollonius is one of the earliest examples of enumerative geometry. This problem asks for the number and construction of circles that are tangent to three given circles, points or lines. In general, the problem for three given circles has eight solutions, which can be seen as 23, each tangency condition ... | Clemens conjecture | 0.844351 |
1,105 | In abstract algebra, a normal subgroup (also known as an invariant subgroup or self-conjugate subgroup) is a subgroup that is invariant under conjugation by members of the group of which it is a part. In other words, a subgroup N {\displaystyle N} of the group G {\displaystyle G} is normal in G {\displaystyle G} if and... | Normal subgroup | 0.84435 |
1,106 | Steroid isolation, depending on context, is the isolation of chemical matter required for chemical structure elucidation, derivitzation or degradation chemistry, biological testing, and other research needs (generally milligrams to grams, but often more or the isolation of "analytical quantities" of the substance of in... | Steroid metabolism | 0.844348 |
1,107 | In 2009 professor of mathematics at the University of California in San Diego, Guershon Harel reviewed four high-school mathematics programs. The examined programs included Core-Plus Courses 1, 2, and 3. The examination focused on two topics in algebra and one topic in geometry, deemed by Prof. Harel central to the hig... | Core-Plus Mathematics Project | 0.844342 |
1,108 | With a non-equilibrium program, the computation process is time accurate and follows a solution path dictated by chemical and reaction rate formulas. The five species model has 17 chemical formulas (34 when counting reverse formulas). The Lighthill-Freeman model is based upon a single ordinary differential equation and... | Phenolic impregnated carbon ablator | 0.844339 |
1,109 | NAE3SAT remains NP-complete when all clauses are monotone (meaning that variables are never negated), by Schaefer's dichotomy theorem. Monotone NAE3SAT can also be interpreted as an instance of the set splitting problem, or as a generalization of graph bipartiteness testing to 3-uniform hypergraphs: it asks whether the... | Not-all-equal 3-satisfiability | 0.844335 |
1,110 | The electromagnetism uniqueness theorem states the uniqueness (but not necessarily the existence) of a solution to Maxwell's equations, if the boundary conditions provided satisfy the following requirements: At t = 0 {\displaystyle t=0} , the initial values of all fields (E, H, B and D) everywhere (in the entire volume... | Electromagnetism uniqueness theorem | 0.844321 |
1,111 | The GRE subject test in chemistry is a standardized test in the United States created by the Educational Testing Service, and is designed to assess a candidate's potential for graduate or post-graduate study in the field of chemistry. It contains questions from many fields of chemistry. 15% of the questions will come f... | GRE Chemistry Test | 0.844305 |
1,112 | On-line Questions are being uploaded again after the Summer School. All students-even the directly connected ones-have to take this test to become the final representatives. Second grade students in the high school take this test. This test is counted 20 percent when KCS chooses the final representatives of South Korea... | Korean Chemistry Olympiad | 0.844294 |
1,113 | Presently, the term "abstract algebra" is typically used for naming courses in mathematical education, and is rarely used in advanced mathematics. Algebraic structures, with their associated homomorphisms, form mathematical categories. Category theory is a formalism that allows a unified way for expressing properties a... | Abstract Algebra | 0.844288 |
1,114 | Short proteins can also be synthesized chemically by a family of methods known as peptide synthesis, which rely on organic synthesis techniques such as chemical ligation to produce peptides in high yield. Chemical synthesis allows for the introduction of non-natural amino acids into polypeptide chains, such as attachme... | Cellular protein | 0.844283 |
1,115 | Also, they can be used for subtyping (identificate a specific genetic variant of a microorganism).Untargeted mNGS is the most promising approach to analyse clinical samples and provide a comprehensive diagnosis of infections. Various groups have validated mNGS in Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA), such ... | Clinical metagenomic sequencing | 0.844281 |
1,116 | Machine Learning: Explore the relation between variables using data-driven methods for supervised learning and unsupervised learning. The module contains 19 analyses for regression, classification and clustering: Regression Boosting Regression Decision Tree Regression K-Nearest Neighbors Regression Neural Network Regre... | JASP | 0.84428 |
1,117 | Despite the small dimension, we actually have considerable freedom in the sequence of axis pairs we use; and we also have some freedom in the choice of angles. Thus we find many different conventions employed when three-dimensional rotations are parameterized for physics, or medicine, or chemistry, or other disciplines... | Rotation matrix | 0.844279 |
1,118 | The topics include Algebra, Geometry, Number Theory, and Combinatorics in an advanced level, Functional Equation, and Inequality. After the camp, an exam is given and 6 students are selected from each branch of the country to compete in the Thailand Mathematical Olympiad. Anyone with gold or silver medal (about 40 stud... | International Mathematical Olympiad selection process | 0.844275 |
1,119 | As used in linear algebra, an augmented matrix is used to represent the coefficients and the solution vector of each equation set. For the set of equations the coefficients and constant terms give the matrices and hence give the augmented matrix Note that the rank of the coefficient matrix, which is 3, equals the rank ... | Augmented matrix | 0.844264 |
1,120 | A memory hierarchy with multi-level caches has unpredictable memory access latencies. A multi-user mode other people's codes can use up resources or slow down a part of the computation in a way that the compiler cannot account for. Compile-time inter-procedural and cross-conditional optimizations are hard (very often i... | Binary Modular Dataflow Machine | 0.844263 |
1,121 | Also, as scientists understand more about the role of this noncoding DNA (often referred to as junk DNA), it will become more important to have a complete genome sequence as a background to understanding the genetics and biology of any given organism. In many ways genome projects do not confine themselves to only deter... | Genome project | 0.844249 |
1,122 | Dissected materials such as single cells or cell populations of interests are used for these further researches. Molecular pathology Cell biology Genomics Cancer research Pharmaceutical research Veterinary medicine Forensic analysis Reproductive medicine == References == | Gravity-Assisted Microdissection | 0.844246 |
1,123 | Groups are very important to describe the symmetry of objects, be they geometrical (like a tetrahedron) or algebraic (like a set of equations). As an example, we consider a glass square of a certain thickness (with a letter "F" written on it, just to make the different positions distinguishable). In order to describe i... | Dihedral group of order eight | 0.844244 |
1,124 | "The examiner and Calandra, who was called to advise on the case, faced a moral dilemma. According to the format of the exam, a correct answer deserved a full credit. But issuing a full credit would have violated academic standards by rewarding a student who had not demonstrated competence in the academic field that ha... | Barometer question | 0.844243 |
1,125 | Random search Grid search Simulated annealing Direct search IOSO (Indirect Optimization based on Self-Organization)Most of these techniques require large numbers of evaluations of the objectives and the constraints. The disciplinary models are often very complex and can take significant amounts of time for a single eva... | Multidisciplinary optimization | 0.84424 |
1,126 | Protein folding is driven by the search to find the most energetically favorable conformation of the protein, i.e., its native state. Thus, understanding protein folding is critical to understanding what a protein does and how it works, and is considered a holy grail of computational biology. | Folding@home | 0.844237 |
1,127 | In any case, human ratings are the most popular evaluation technique in NLG; this is contrast to machine translation, where metrics are widely used. An AI can be graded on faithfulness to its training data or, alternatively, on factuality. A response that reflects the training data but not reality is faithful but not f... | Text generation | 0.844232 |
1,128 | DNA sequencing theory is the broad body of work that attempts to lay analytical foundations for determining the order of specific nucleotides in a sequence of DNA, otherwise known as DNA sequencing. The practical aspects revolve around designing and optimizing sequencing projects (known as "strategic genomics"), predic... | DNA sequencing theory | 0.844229 |
1,129 | Because of the algebraic properties above, many familiar and powerful tools of mathematics work in GF(2) just as well as other fields. For example, matrix operations, including matrix inversion, can be applied to matrices with elements in GF(2) (see matrix ring). Any group V with the property v + v = 0 for every v in V... | GF(2) | 0.844219 |
1,130 | To illustrate the power of this converse principle, we cite an example that has significant physical consequences. In classical electromagnetism, the electric force is a path-independent force; i.e. the work done on a particle that has returned to its original position within an electric field is zero (assuming that no... | Gradient theorem | 0.844218 |
1,131 | Maxwell's equations, or Maxwell–Heaviside equations, are a set of coupled partial differential equations that, together with the Lorentz force law, form the foundation of classical electromagnetism, classical optics, and electric circuits. The equations provide a mathematical model for electric, optical, and radio tech... | Maxwells equations | 0.844207 |
1,132 | quantitative genetics A branch of population genetics which studies phenotypes that vary continuously (such as height or mass) as opposed to those that fall into discretely identifiable categories (such as eye color or the presence or absence of a particular trait). Quantitative genetics employs statistical methods and... | Glossary of genetics (M–Z) | 0.844198 |
1,133 | In computer science, streaming algorithms are algorithms for processing data streams in which the input is presented as a sequence of items and can be examined in only a few passes, typically just one. These algorithms are designed to operate with limited memory, generally logarithmic in the size of the stream and/or i... | Streaming algorithms | 0.844198 |
1,134 | For instance, room-temperature nitrogen, which is a diatomic molecule, has five active degrees of freedom: the three comprising translational motion plus two rotational degrees of freedom internally. Not surprisingly, in accordance with the equipartition theorem, nitrogen has five-thirds the specific heat capacity per ... | Absolute Temperature | 0.844197 |
1,135 | A drug that depends on such metabolic transformations in order to act is termed a prodrug. Acetylation is an important modification of proteins in cell biology; and proteomics studies have identified thousands of acetylated mammalian proteins. Acetylation occurs as a co-translational and post-translational modification... | Protein acetylation | 0.844193 |
1,136 | Foulds, L. R. (1984). Combinatorial Optimization for Undergraduates. | Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics | 0.844191 |
1,137 | A single enzyme, geosmin synthase, converts farnesyl diphosphate to geosmin in a two-step reaction. Not all blue-green algae produce geosmin. Identification of species that might produce geosmin is traditionally done through microscopic identification of algae as geosmin producers, a technique that is labor-intensive a... | Geosmin | 0.844177 |
1,138 | In advanced classical mechanics it is often useful, and in quantum mechanics frequently essential, to express Maxwell's equations in a potential formulation involving the electric potential (also called scalar potential) φ, and the magnetic potential (a vector potential) A. For example, the analysis of radio antennas m... | Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field | 0.844174 |
1,139 | The ABC was designed for a specific purpose – the solution of systems of simultaneous linear equations. It could handle systems with up to 29 equations, a difficult problem for the time. Problems of this scale were becoming common in physics, the department in which John Atanasoff worked. The machine could be fed two l... | Atanasoff–Berry computer | 0.844162 |
1,140 | Instead, the pure object capability model of PP250 always requires a limited capability key to define the authority to operate. PP250 separated binary data from capability data to protect access rights, simplify the computer and speed garbage collection. The Church machine encapsulates and context limits the Turing mac... | Plessey System 250 | 0.844147 |
1,141 | These conditions imply that a quasi-static condition exists and that the geometry is, effectively, one of an infinitely long conductor with a constant surface current density Q {\displaystyle \scriptstyle {Q}} (current per area), thereby reducing a three-dimensional problem to a two-dimensional one. Also implied is the... | Antenna equivalent radius | 0.844132 |
1,142 | The geometry of binary search trees has been used to provide an algorithm which is dynamically optimal if any binary search tree algorithm is dynamically optimal. | Geometry of binary search trees | 0.844126 |
1,143 | The present bit can indicate what pages are currently present in physical memory or are on disk, and can indicate how to treat these different pages, i.e. whether to load a page from disk and page another page in physical memory out. The dirty bit allows for a performance optimization. A page on disk that is paged in t... | Inverted page table | 0.844124 |
1,144 | A critical article by Nauenberg in the American Journal of Physics prompted a reply by Fuchs, Mermin, and Schack. Some assert that there may be inconsistencies; for example, Stairs argues that when a probability assignment equals one, it cannot be a degree of belief as QBists say. Further, while also raising concerns a... | Quantum Bayesianism | 0.844118 |
1,145 | The book is devoted to mathematical puzzles and pastimes, gathered from Merrill's experience as a teacher. It has 15 chapters, most on arithmetic and number theory but with one on geometry.Its topics include squared triangular numbers and other sums of powers, Russian peasant multiplication, binary numbers, repeating d... | Mathematical Excursions | 0.844112 |
1,146 | Brightness temperature or radiance temperature is a measure of the intensity of electromagnetic energy coming from a source. In particular, it is the temperature at which a black body would have to be in order to duplicate the observed intensity of a grey body object at a frequency ν {\displaystyle \nu } . This concept... | Brightness temperature | 0.844104 |
1,147 | Associative operations are abundant in mathematics; in fact, many algebraic structures (such as semigroups and categories) explicitly require their binary operations to be associative. However, many important and interesting operations are non-associative; some examples include subtraction, exponentiation, and the vect... | Associative property | 0.844089 |
1,148 | In computer science, integer sorting is the algorithmic problem of sorting a collection of data values by integer keys. Algorithms designed for integer sorting may also often be applied to sorting problems in which the keys are floating point numbers, rational numbers, or text strings. The ability to perform integer ar... | Integer sorting | 0.844081 |
1,149 | Any Boolean combination of ultimately constant sequences is ultimately constant; hence these form a Boolean algebra. We can identify these with the integers by viewing the ultimately-zero sequences as nonnegative binary numerals (bit 0 of the sequence being the low-order bit) and the ultimately-one sequences as negativ... | Power set algebra | 0.844078 |
1,150 | The classic applications of bipolar coordinates are in solving partial differential equations, e.g., Laplace's equation or the Helmholtz equation, for which bipolar coordinates allow a separation of variables (in 2D). A typical example would be the electric field surrounding two parallel cylindrical conductors. | Bipolar cylindrical coordinates | 0.844078 |
1,151 | Fox took an advanced course on electrodynamics in 1965 using the first edition of Jackson and taught graduate electrodynamics for the first time in 1978 using the second edition.Jagdish Mehra, a physicist and historian of science, wrote that Jackson's text is not as good as the book of the same name by Julian Schwinger... | Classical Electrodynamics (book) | 0.844077 |
1,152 | The nearest neighbour search problem arises in numerous fields of application, including: Pattern recognition – in particular for optical character recognition Statistical classification – see k-nearest neighbor algorithm Computer vision – for point cloud registration Computational geometry – see Closest pair of points... | Nearest neighbor problem | 0.844065 |
1,153 | The computational task of determining the bipartite dimension for a given graph G is an optimization problem. The decision problem for bipartite dimension can be phrased as: INSTANCE: A graph G = ( V , E ) {\displaystyle G=(V,E)} and a positive integer k {\displaystyle k} . QUESTION: Does G admit a biclique edge cover ... | Bipartite dimension | 0.844064 |
1,154 | For example, researchers have used structural biology to better understand Met, a protein encoded by a protooncogene that is an important drug target in cancer. Similar research has been conducted for HIV targets to treat people with AIDS. Researchers are also developing new antimicrobials for mycobacterial infections ... | Structural Biology | 0.844051 |
1,155 | Most work done on the n-body problem has been on the gravitational problem. But there exist other systems for which n-body mathematics and simulation techniques have proven useful. In large scale electrostatics problems, such as the simulation of proteins and cellular assemblies in structural biology, the Coulomb poten... | N-Body Problem | 0.844037 |
1,156 | They cited additional research demonstrating that root-emitted molecules have the potential to induce physiological responses in neighboring plants either directly or indirectly by modifying the soil chemistry. Moreover, Kegge et al. demonstrated that plants perceive the presence of neighbors through changes in water/n... | Plant communication | 0.844034 |
1,157 | The farther right in each transition metal series, the lower the energy of an electron in a d subshell and the less such an electron has valence properties. Thus, although a nickel atom has, in principle, ten valence electrons (4s2 3d8), its oxidation state never exceeds four. For zinc, the 3d subshell is complete in a... | Valence shell | 0.844017 |
1,158 | The MU puzzle is a puzzle stated by Douglas Hofstadter and found in Gödel, Escher, Bach involving a simple formal system called "MIU". Hofstadter's motivation is to contrast reasoning within a formal system (i.e., deriving theorems) against reasoning about the formal system itself. MIU is an example of a Post canonical... | MU puzzle | 0.843994 |
1,159 | The Bioinformatics Unit grants researchers services of consultation, experiment planning, data processing, software and database development, bioinformatics training, and access to high-performance computing resources.Among the services offered are: sample handling and sequencing, grant proposal development, variant de... | Centre for Genomic Regulation | 0.843973 |
1,160 | Before his time, The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art developed algorithm of solving simple cubic equation x 3 = N {\displaystyle x^{3}=N} numerically, often referred to as the "finding the root method". Wang Xiaotong used an algebraic method to solve three-dimensional geometry problems, and his work is a major ad... | Jigu Suanjing | 0.843972 |
1,161 | This is a table of some of the machine learning methods used on the dataset and their error rates, by type of classifier: | MNIST database | 0.843943 |
1,162 | In mathematics and computer science, a stack-sortable permutation (also called a tree permutation) is a permutation whose elements may be sorted by an algorithm whose internal storage is limited to a single stack data structure. The stack-sortable permutations are exactly the permutations that do not contain the permut... | Stack-sortable permutation | 0.843933 |
1,163 | These topics, however, worthy though they be, form part of the superstructure of mathematics. Indeed, the authors do pay a fair bit of attention early on to logic, Boolean algebra and the Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms, even lingering a bit over group theory. But neither author is well-trained in logic, the philosophy of set ... | Where Mathematics Comes From | 0.843927 |
1,164 | Let K be a field, and let A be a vector space over K equipped with an additional binary operation from A × A to A, denoted here by · (that is, if x and y are any two elements of A, then x · y is an element of A that is called the product of x and y). Then A is an algebra over K if the following identities hold for all ... | Algebra over a field | 0.843927 |
1,165 | Several basic algorithms related to the MMS are: Computing the 1-of-n MMS of a given agent. This is an NP-hard optimization problem, but it has several approximation algorithms; see Multiway number partitioning and Identical-machines scheduling. Deciding whether a given allocation is MMS-fair is co-NP complete for agen... | Pairwise maximin share | 0.843922 |
1,166 | In most practical cases deterministic algorithms or randomized algorithms are discussed, although theoretical computer science also considers nondeterministic algorithms and other advanced models of computation. | Asymptotic time complexity | 0.843919 |
1,167 | For example, automated DNA sequencing machines were the basis for completing human genome projects leading to the birth of genomics. Protein identification and peptide sequencing by mass spectrometry opened a new field of proteomics. In addition to automating specific processes, there is effort to automate larger secti... | Qualitative organic analysis | 0.843896 |
1,168 | To identify neurotransmitters, the following criteria are typically considered: Synthesis: The chemical must be produced within the neuron or be present in it as a precursor molecule. Release and Response: When the neuron is activated, the chemical must be released and elicit a response in target cells or neurons. Expe... | Neurotransmitter systems | 0.843891 |
1,169 | While the result of a dead computation may never be used, it may raise exceptions or affect some global state, thus removal of such code may change the output of the program and introduce unintended bugs. Compiler optimizations are typically conservative in their approach to dead-code removal if there is any ambiguity ... | Dead code | 0.843889 |
1,170 | Maths C extends the topics taught in Maths B, and covers additional pure-maths topics (including complex numbers, matrices, vectors, further calculus and number theory). Although not necessarily more difficult, it must be studied in conjunction with Maths B. Maths C gives the students an understanding of the methods an... | Mathematics education in Australia | 0.843867 |
1,171 | Marcus Hutter (2002). "The Fastest and Shortest Algorithm for All Well-Defined Problems". International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science. World Scientific. | Marcus Hutter | 0.843861 |
1,172 | (It is conventional in genetics to use capital letters to indicate dominant alleles and lower-case letters to indicate recessive alleles.) The probability of an individual offspring's having the genotype BB is 25%, Bb is 50%, and bb is 25%. | Punnett square | 0.84385 |
1,173 | Gregor Johann Mendel, "The Father of Genetics", promulgated the idea in the 1860s. However, it was not widely known until the early twentieth century. Mendel observed that, for a variety of traits of garden peas having to do with the appearance of seeds, seed pods, and plants, there were two discrete phenotypes, such a... | Recessive gene | 0.843825 |
1,174 | - "I would like to comment on the necessary courses a student should take to really be prepared to carry out research in model-based vision. As we can see the geometry of image projection and the mathematics of transformation is a very key element in studying this field, but there are many other issues the student has ... | Joseph Mundy | 0.843822 |
1,175 | In materials science, and especially elasticity theory, ideas of torsion also play an important role. One problem models the growth of vines, focusing on the question of how vines manage to twist around objects. The vine itself is modeled as a pair of elastic filaments twisted around one another. In its energy-minimizi... | Torsion tensor | 0.8438 |
1,176 | In computer science, an order statistic tree is a variant of the binary search tree (or more generally, a B-tree) that supports two additional operations beyond insertion, lookup and deletion: Select(i) – find the i'th smallest element stored in the tree Rank(x) – find the rank of element x in the tree, i.e. its index ... | Order statistic tree | 0.843799 |
1,177 | G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as DP2 are integral membrane proteins that, when bound by their cognate ligands (or, in some cases, even when not ligand-bound and thereby acting continuously in a constitutive manner {see Receptor (biochemistry)#Constitutive activity}), mobilize one or more types of Heterotrime... | Prostaglandin DP2 receptor | 0.843789 |
1,178 | By other hand, if we check predicates like Intersects(a,b) or Touches(a,b) — for the same example we have "Intersects=true and Touches=true" — it is an incomplete description of "all topologic relations". Predicates also do not say any thing about the dimensionality of the geometries (it doesn't matter if a and b are l... | DE-9IM | 0.843788 |
1,179 | The definition of exponentiation with positive integer exponents as repeated multiplication may apply to any associative operation denoted as a multiplication. The definition of x 0 {\displaystyle x^{0}} requires further the existence of a multiplicative identity.An algebraic structure consisting of a set together with... | Exponental relationships | 0.84377 |
1,180 | In general, an algebraic equation or polynomial equation is an equation of the form P = 0 {\displaystyle P=0} , or P = Q {\displaystyle P=Q} where P and Q are polynomials with coefficients in some field (e.g., rational numbers, real numbers, complex numbers). An algebraic equation is univariate if it involves only one ... | Equation | 0.843759 |
1,181 | Metagenomics is also used extensively for studying microbial communities. In metagenomic sequencing, DNA is recovered directly from environmental samples in an untargeted manner with the goal of obtaining an unbiased sample from all genes of all members of the community. Recent studies use shotgun Sanger sequencing or ... | Microbiota | 0.84375 |
1,182 | In the electric and magnetic field formulation there are four equations that determine the fields for given charge and current distribution. A separate law of nature, the Lorentz force law, describes how, conversely, the electric and magnetic fields act on charged particles and currents. A version of this law was inclu... | Maxwell's laws | 0.843719 |
1,183 | The flux of CO2(aq) into and out of a cell is roughly proportional to the cell surface area, and the cell carbon biomass varies as a function of cell volume. Phytoplankton geometry that maximizes surface area to volume should have larger isotopic fractionation from photosynthesis.The biochemical characteristics of phyt... | Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis | 0.843717 |
1,184 | A line in 3-dimensional space is not a hyperplane, and does not separate the space into two parts (the complement of such a line is connected). Any hyperplane of a Euclidean space has exactly two unit normal vectors: ± n ^ {\displaystyle \pm {\hat {n}}} . In particular, if we consider R n + 1 {\displaystyle \mathbb {R}... | Affine hyperplane | 0.843714 |
1,185 | Abstract algebra employs several types of sequences, including sequences of mathematical objects such as groups or rings. | Decreasing sequence | 0.843709 |
1,186 | A finite group is supersolvable if and only if every maximal chain of subgroups has the same length. This is important to those interested in the lattice of subgroups of a group, and is sometimes called the Jordan–Dedekind chain condition. By Baum's theorem, every supersolvable finite group has a DFT algorithm running ... | Supersolvable group | 0.843699 |
1,187 | A key step in this synthesis was the formation of the steroidal skeleton, catalyzed by CpCo(CO)2. BTMSA also serves as a ligand in organometallic chemistry. | Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene | 0.843696 |
1,188 | The only certain risk factor for IMNCT is genetics. All other risk factors are open to debate. | Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | 0.84369 |
1,189 | The quantum mechanics of such an arrangement should be like only one shell of the well-known quantum mechanical structure of a single atom, with a stable filled shell for n = 2, 8, 18, 32, 50, 72, 98, 128, etc. (i.e., twice a perfect square number), but this series does not include 60. This 2(N + 1)2 rule (with N integ... | C84 fullerene | 0.843684 |
1,190 | The time/space "cost" of algorithms has a specific name in computing: computational complexity. All functions have a computational complexity in time (i.e. they take time to execute) and in space. Although a space–time tradeoff occurs (i.e., space used is speed gained), this differs from some other optimizations that i... | Memoization | 0.843683 |
1,191 | The "2An(q2)" convention is more logical and consistent, but the "2An(q)" convention is far more common and is closer to the convention for algebraic groups. Authors differ on whether groups such as An(q) are the groups of points with values in the simple or the simply connected algebraic group. For example, An(q) may ... | Finite linear group | 0.843681 |
1,192 | Any Sylow subgroup of a group is a Hall subgroup. The alternating group A4 of order 12 is solvable but has no subgroups of order 6 even though 6 divides 12, showing that Hall's theorem (see below) cannot be extended to all divisors of the order of a solvable group. If G = A5, the only simple group of order 60, then 15 ... | Hall divisor | 0.843679 |
1,193 | For example, bin packing is strongly NP-complete while the 0-1 Knapsack problem is only weakly NP-complete. Thus the version of bin packing where the object and bin sizes are integers bounded by a polynomial remains NP-complete, while the corresponding version of the Knapsack problem can be solved in pseudo-polynomial ... | Strongly NP-hard | 0.843678 |
1,194 | A professor from the University of Warsaw in Poland, claimed that her research found that medical mistrust was higher in nations that had experienced Soviet-style communism in the past, and vaccine hesitancy could be seen if the countries introduced compulsory vaccination regulations. Medical mistrust is also seen in R... | COVID-19 vaccine misinformation and hesitancy | 0.843671 |
1,195 | The nanoballs are then adsorbed onto a sequencing flow cell. The color of the fluorescence at each interrogated position is recorded through a high-resolution camera. Bioinformatics are used to analyze the fluorescence data and make a base call, and for mapping or quantifying the 50bp, 100bp, or 150bp single- or paired... | DNA nanoball sequencing | 0.843666 |
1,196 | They used their model to predict optimized Cas13 guide RNAs for all protein-coding RNA-transcripts of the human genome's DNA. Their technology could be used in molecular biology and in medical applications such as for better targeting of virus RNA or human RNA. | Pandemic prevention | 0.843666 |
1,197 | Addition and multiplication then play the Boolean roles of XOR (exclusive-or) and AND (conjunction), respectively, with disjunction x ∨ y (inclusive-or) definable as x + y - xy and negation ¬x as 1 − x. In GF(2), − may be replaced by +, since they denote the same operation; however this way of writing Boolean operation... | Boolean Algebra | 0.843657 |
1,198 | Envelopes are connected to the study of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), and in particular singular solutions of ODEs. Consider, for example, the one-parameter family of tangent lines to the parabola y = x2. These are given by the generating family F(t,(x,y)) = t2 – 2tx + y. The zero level set F(t0,(x,y)) = 0 gi... | Envelope (mathematics) | 0.843656 |
1,199 | The three elements of the latter are the identity, "clockwise rotation", and "anti-clockwise rotation", corresponding to permutations of the three orthogonal 2-fold axes, preserving orientation. A4 is the smallest group demonstrating that the converse of Lagrange's theorem is not true in general: given a finite group G... | Pyritohedral symmetry | 0.843648 |
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