id int32 0 100k | text stringlengths 20 3.54k | source stringlengths 1 104 | similarity float32 0.8 0.91 |
|---|---|---|---|
700 | Genome sequencing of endangered species is the application of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies in the field of conservation biology, with the aim of generating life history, demographic and phylogenetic data of relevance to the management of endangered wildlife. | Genome sequencing of endangered species | 0.847713 |
701 | In every competition or test there are four problem usually covering geometry, number theory, algebra, and combinatorics (elementary level) and last four and a half hours each. Greece BMO 1990: 1. Dimitris Stathopoulos: Gold Medal; 2. | Balkan Mathematical Olympiad | 0.84771 |
702 | Galileo was the first to demonstrate and then formulate these equations. He used a ramp to study rolling balls, the ramp slowing the acceleration enough to measure the time taken for the ball to roll a known distance. He measured elapsed time with a water clock, using an "extremely accurate balance" to measure the amou... | Equations for a falling body | 0.847679 |
703 | Both C and C++ (pre-C++23) do not have native support for obtaining stack traces, but libraries such as glibc and boost provide this functionality. In these languages, some compiler optimizations may interfere with the call stack information that can be recovered at runtime. For instance, inlining can cause missing sta... | Stack trace | 0.847671 |
704 | Using the previous property twice with different chords we can determine two distinct radii R1 and R2. R1 and R2 will then have to be perpendicular to both L1 and L2, giving us a rectangle. This is a contradiction because the rectangle is an impossible figure in hyperbolic geometry. | Hypercycle (hyperbolic geometry) | 0.847651 |
705 | earthquake engineering elastic modulus elasticity electric charge electric circuit electric current electric displacement field electric generator electric field electric field gradient electric motor electric potential electrical potential energy electric power electrical and electronics engineering electrical conduct... | Glossary of civil engineering | 0.847642 |
706 | Plant cells can inherently produce hydrostatic pressure due to a solute concentration gradient between the cytoplasm and external surroundings (osmotic potential). Further, plants can adjust this concentration through the movement of ions across the cell membrane. This then changes the shape and volume of the plant as ... | Soft robot | 0.847624 |
707 | Performance optimization of programs or operating systems often involves reducing the number of page faults. Two primary focuses of the optimization are reducing overall memory usage and improving memory locality. To reduce the page faults, developers must use an appropriate page replacement algorithm that maximizes th... | Page fault | 0.847624 |
708 | Training method usually requires multiple numerical optimization techniques Similarly by the definition, the discriminative model will need the combination of multiple subtasks for solving a complex real-world problem | Discriminative model | 0.847623 |
709 | If one replaces the real numbers by an arbitrary field, many geometric properties of the parabola y = x 2 {\displaystyle y=x^{2}} are still valid: A line intersects in at most two points. At any point ( x 0 , x 0 2 ) {\displaystyle (x_{0},x_{0}^{2})} the line y = 2 x 0 x − x 0 2 {\displaystyle y=2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}} is t... | Parabola | 0.847615 |
710 | This essentially means that any set of labelled points in general position and in number no larger than the dimensionality + 1 is linearly separable; in jargon, it is said that a linear classifier shatters any point set with N ≤ D + 1 {\displaystyle N\leq D+1} . This limiting quantity is also known as the Vapnik-Chervo... | Cover's theorem | 0.847615 |
711 | The study of MA structure and function is challenging, in particular because of their megadalton size, but also because of their complex compositions and varying dynamic natures. Most have had standard chemical and biochemical methods applied (methods of protein purification and centrifugation, chemical and electrochem... | Macromolecular assemblies | 0.847613 |
712 | In structural biology, resolution can be broken down into 4 groups: (1) sub-atomic, individual elements are distinguishable and quantum effects can be studied, (2) atomic, individual atoms are visible and an accurate three-dimensional model can be constructed, (3) helical, secondary structure, such as alpha helices and... | Resolution (electron density) | 0.847599 |
713 | Supervised analysis for class prediction involves use of techniques such as linear regression, k-nearest neighbor, learning vector quantization, decision tree analysis, random forests, naive Bayes, logistic regression, kernel regression, artificial neural networks, support vector machines, mixture of experts, and super... | DNA Microarray | 0.847598 |
714 | Research in this area is conducted using molecular phylogenetics, comparing viral genomic sequences to determine relatedness. | Natural transfer | 0.847572 |
715 | DNA sequencing Polymerase chain reaction Northern blotting Southern blotting Fusion proteins DNA microarray Bioinformatics Flow cytometry | Biochemical techniques | 0.847564 |
716 | Classify nonassociative Moufang loops of order 64. Proposed: at Milehigh conference on quasigroups, loops, and nonassociative systems, Denver 2005 Solved by: Gábor P. Nagy and Petr Vojtěchovský Solution: There are 4262 nonassociative Moufang loops of order 64. They were found by the method of group modifications in (Vo... | List of problems in loop theory and quasigroup theory | 0.847564 |
717 | A further variation is motivated by the concern that modern Natural Language Processing prove to be highly successful in generating text on the basis of a huge text corpus and could eventually pass the Turing test simply by manipulating words and sentences that have been used in the initial training of the model. Since... | Turing Test | 0.847559 |
718 | The principle is that the player thinks of something and the 20Q artificial intelligence asks a series of questions before guessing what the player is thinking. This artificial intelligence learns on its own with the information relayed back to the players who interact with it, and is not programmed. The player can ans... | 20Q | 0.847559 |
719 | In physics, fields are entities that interact with matter and can be described mathematically by assigning a value to each point in space and time. Vector fields are fields which are assigned both a numerical value and a direction at each point in space and time. Electric charges produce a vector field called the elect... | Introduction to electromagnetism | 0.847545 |
720 | A. Let X = R 2 {\displaystyle X=\mathbb {R} ^{2}} with the standard topology (the Euclidean topology). Define the following preference relation: ( x , y ) ⪯ ( x ′ , y ′ ) {\displaystyle (x,y)\preceq (x',y')} iff x + y ≤ x ′ + y ′ {\displaystyle x+y\leq x'+y'} . It is continuous because for every ( x , y ) {\displaystyl... | Debreu theorems | 0.8475 |
721 | This includes cultured organisms and metagenomic DNA samples. Examine ethical, legal, and social implications of HMP research.The primary means of characterization is through 16S rRNA sequencing and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. | Pharmacomicrobiomics | 0.847486 |
722 | (b) The number of edges removed by each iteration of the HCS algorithm is at most linear. Proof: (a) From Theorem 1 we know that every vertex has degree >= n/2. Therefore, the number of edges in a highly connected graph must be at least (n × n/2)/2, where we sum the degrees of each vertex and divide by 2. | HCS clustering algorithm | 0.847464 |
723 | Two-dimensional, three-dimensional and four-dimensional unital associative algebras over the field of complex numbers were completely classified up to isomorphism by Eduard Study.There exist two such two-dimensional algebras. Each algebra consists of linear combinations (with complex coefficients) of two basis elements... | An algebra | 0.847452 |
724 | The three versions were: Blue, a molecular biology approach; Green, an ecology approach; and Yellow, a cellular biology approach. These three versions, and their corresponding newly developed laboratory exercises, were piloted at high schools around the United States during the 1960–61 school year. The curriculum mater... | BSCS Science Learning | 0.847451 |
725 | Both texts also made substantial progress in Linear Algebra, namely solving systems of equations with multiple unknowns. The value of pi is taken to be equal to three in both texts. | Chinese mathematics | 0.847437 |
726 | As with P, by a slight abuse of language, one might classify function problems and search problems as being in NC. NC is known to include many problems, including Integer addition, multiplication and division; Matrix multiplication, determinant, inverse, rank; Polynomial GCD, by a reduction to linear algebra using Sylv... | NC = P problem | 0.847401 |
727 | The homomorphism problem with a fixed graph H on the right side of each instance is also called the H-coloring problem. When H is the complete graph Kk, this is the graph k-coloring problem, which is solvable in polynomial time for k = 0, 1, 2, and NP-complete otherwise. In particular, K2-colorability of a graph G is e... | Graph homomorphism | 0.847398 |
728 | Response times for complex systems can be evaluated with detailed numerical simulation, or a thermal time constant estimated from a lumped system analysis. : 627 A higher value of volumetric heat capacity generally means a longer time for the system to reach equilibrium. Analogies of thermal inertia to the inertial beh... | Volumetric heat capacity | 0.847369 |
729 | In particle physics, the force carrier particles are normally specified by field equations with gauge symmetry; their equations predict that certain measurements will be the same at any point in the field. For instance, field equations might predict that the mass of two quarks is constant. Solving the equations to find... | Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking | 0.847326 |
730 | Chemists often use the phrase "standard temperature and pressure" or "STP" to convey that they are working at a temperature of 0 °C and one atmosphere of pressure (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). There are three states of matter under these conditions: solids, liquids, and gases. Although all three ... | Headspace gas chromatography for dissolved gas measurement | 0.847319 |
731 | Paper 1: Pure Mathematics Paper 2: Pure Mathematics and Statistics Paper 3: Pure Mathematics and Mechanics | Advanced level mathematics | 0.847303 |
732 | For example, the following code, causes the equals signs in the two lines to be aligned with one another, like this: y = ( x + 1 ) 2 = x 2 + 2 x + 1 {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}y&=(x+1)^{2}\\&=x^{2}+2x+1\end{aligned}}} AMS-LaTeX also includes many flexible commands for formatting and numbering theorems, lemmas, etc.... | AMS-LaTeX | 0.847302 |
733 | multicellular Having or consisting of more than one cell, as opposed to being unicellular. mycology The branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and their use to humans as a source for tinder, medicine, food, and entheogens, as well as their... | Glossary of biology | 0.847293 |
734 | The group (Z,+) of integers is free of rank 1; a generating set is S = {1}. The integers are also a free abelian group, although all free groups of rank ≥ 2 {\displaystyle \geq 2} are non-abelian. A free group on a two-element set S occurs in the proof of the Banach–Tarski paradox and is described there. On the other h... | Free subgroup | 0.847288 |
735 | While this is useful and often perfectly adequate, allowing many important errors to be caught, it can fail to model certain aspects of physics. A more rigorous approach requires distinguishing between position and displacement (or moment in time versus duration, or absolute temperature versus temperature change). Cons... | Orientational analysis | 0.847283 |
736 | The concepts of distance geometry will first be explained by describing two particular problems. | Distance geometry problem | 0.847256 |
737 | In the equation solver mode, the Algebra FX series is able to solve simultaneous linear equations, polynomials, and arbitrary equations. The calculators can solve simultaneous linear equations up to 30 unknown variables and polynomials of degrees up to 30. This was a huge improvement from its predecessor CFX-9970G, whe... | Casio Algebra FX Series | 0.847253 |
738 | The classification theorem has applications in many branches of mathematics, as questions about the structure of finite groups (and their action on other mathematical objects) can sometimes be reduced to questions about finite simple groups. Thanks to the classification theorem, such questions can sometimes be answered... | Classification of finite simple groups | 0.847243 |
739 | The concept of slope applies directly to grades or gradients in geography and civil engineering. Through trigonometry, the slope m of a line is related to its angle of inclination θ by the tangent function m = tan ( θ ) {\displaystyle m=\tan(\theta )} Thus, a 45° rising line has a slope of +1 and a 45° falling line h... | Slope of a line | 0.847233 |
740 | Quantitative genetics focuses on genetic variance due to genetic interactions. Any two locus interactions at a particular gene frequency can be decomposed into eight independent genetic effects using a weighted regression. In this regression, the observed two locus genetic effects are treated as dependent variables and... | Gene interaction | 0.847231 |
741 | Core subjects are similar to biochemistry courses and typically include gene expression, research methods, proteins, cancer research, immunology, biotechnology and many more. In some universities molecular medicine is combined with another discipline such as chemistry, functioning as an additional study to enrich the u... | Molecular Medicine | 0.847225 |
742 | A large number of algorithms for classification can be phrased in terms of a linear function that assigns a score to each possible category k by combining the feature vector of an instance with a vector of weights, using a dot product. The predicted category is the one with the highest score. This type of score functio... | Classification in machine learning | 0.847222 |
743 | Green and a team of researchers launched the BabySeq Project in 2013 to study the ethical and medical consequences of sequencing an infant's DNA. A second phase, BabySeq2, was funded by NIH in 2021 and is an implementation study that expands this project, planning to enroll 500 infants from diverse families and track t... | Single cell genome sequencing | 0.847221 |
744 | (a) If q is odd, then any ovoid is projectively equivalent to the elliptic quadric in a projective geometry PG(3,q); so q is a prime power and there is a unique egglike inversive plane of order q. (But it is unknown if non-egglike ones exist.) (b) if q is even, then q is a power of 2 and any inversive plane of order q ... | Paley biplane | 0.847208 |
745 | In particular, three data sets are commonly used in different stages of the creation of the model: training, validation, and test sets. The model is initially fit on a training data set, which is a set of examples used to fit the parameters (e.g. weights of connections between neurons in artificial neural networks) of ... | Trainable parameter | 0.847208 |
746 | saguaro stack saturated edge SBB tree scan scapegoat tree search algorithm search tree search tree property secant search secondary clustering memory segment select algorithm select and partition selection problem selection sort select kth element select mode self-loop self-organizing heuristic self-organizing list sel... | List of terms relating to algorithms and data structures | 0.847197 |
747 | As in the case of groups or magmas, the semigroup operation need not be commutative, so x·y is not necessarily equal to y·x; a well-known example of an operation that is associative but non-commutative is matrix multiplication. If the semigroup operation is commutative, then the semigroup is called a commutative semigr... | Semigroup | 0.847189 |
748 | It, and the corresponding dense triangle hypothesis that no time bound of the form O ( n 2 − δ ) {\displaystyle O(n^{2-\delta })} is possible, imply lower bounds for several other computational problems in combinatorial optimization and computational geometry.As Imrich, Klavžar & Mulder (1999) showed, triangle-free gra... | Triangle finding problem | 0.847186 |
749 | The problem of counting the number of solutions to different types of Apollonius' problem belongs to the field of enumerative geometry. The general number of solutions for each of the ten types of Apollonius' problem is given in Table 1 above. However, special arrangements of the given elements may change the number of... | Problem of Apollonius | 0.847184 |
750 | Accordingly, the most effective strategy for twenty questions is to ask questions that will split the field of remaining possibilities roughly in half each time. The process is analogous to a binary search algorithm in computer science or successive-approximation ADC in analog-to-digital signal conversion. In 1901 Char... | Twenty Questions | 0.847182 |
751 | Since accurate measurement is essential in many fields, and since all measurements are necessarily approximations, a great deal of effort must be taken to make measurements as accurate as possible. For example, consider the problem of measuring the time it takes an object to fall a distance of one metre (about 39 in). ... | Numerical measure | 0.847181 |
752 | Challenging the leading experts of bioinformatics and statistical genetics, the sequence dataset will comprise 6 trillion DNA bases, 60-fold more sequence data than what has been published in DNA databases over the past 25 years.To determine the final design of the full project three pilot studies were designed and wil... | 1000 Genomes Project | 0.847172 |
753 | Advanced Level (A-Level) Mathematics is a qualification of further education taken in the United Kingdom (and occasionally other countries as well). In the UK, A-Level exams are traditionally taken by 17-18 year-olds after a two-year course at a sixth form or college. Advanced Level Further Mathematics is often taken b... | Advanced level mathematics | 0.847162 |
754 | A charged particle, such as an atomic or molecular ion, feels a force from an electric field. It is not possible to create a static configuration of electric fields that traps the charged particle in all three directions (this restriction is known as Earnshaw's theorem). It is possible, however, to create an average co... | Ion trap mass spectrometer | 0.847159 |
755 | The Java memory model describes how threads in the Java programming language interact through memory. Together with the description of single-threaded execution of code, the memory model provides the semantics of the Java programming language. The original Java memory model developed in 1995, was widely perceived as br... | Java Memory Model | 0.847157 |
756 | The second element involves constructing a full model using machine learning. Breaking the problem into two means that smaller targeted data sets can be used to train the classifiers, and that classifier can operate independently and be trained with smaller windows. The full model can use the independent classifier, an... | Gene identification | 0.847146 |
757 | Equations with infinitely many solutions are solved by introducing arbitrary constants: solve(tan(x+2)=0,x) returns x=2.(90. @n1-1), with the @n1 representing any integer. Symbolic and numeric differentiation and integration. Derivatives and definite integrals are evaluated exactly when possible, and approximately othe... | TI-89 series | 0.847145 |
758 | 1C – Proved contingent resources 1oo2 – One out of two voting (instrumentation) 1P – Proven reserves 2C – Proved and probable contingent resources 2D – two-dimensional (geophysics) 2oo2 – Two out of two voting (instrumentation) 2oo3 – Two out of three voting (instrumentation) 2P – proved and probable reserves 3C – thre... | List of abbreviations in oil and gas exploration and production | 0.847139 |
759 | Quantum mechanics: Solid conductors and insulators contain charges at more than one discrete level of atomic orbit energy, while the water in one region of a pipe can only have a single value of pressure. For this reason there is no hydraulic explanation for such things as a battery's charge pumping ability, a diode's ... | Hydraulic model | 0.847128 |
760 | The classic applications of bipolar coordinates are in solving partial differential equations, e.g., Laplace's equation or the Helmholtz equation, for which bipolar coordinates allow a separation of variables. An example is the electric field surrounding two parallel cylindrical conductors with unequal diameters. | Bipolar coordinate system | 0.847126 |
761 | The maximal specific energy of a flywheel rotor is mainly dependent on two factors: the first being the rotor's geometry, and the second being the properties of the material being used. For single-material, isotropic rotors this relationship can be expressed as E m = K ( σ ρ ) , {\displaystyle {\frac {E}{m}}=K\left({\f... | Flywheel energy storage | 0.847116 |
762 | Mathematics (Calculus, differential equations, statistics) Physics Chemistry Engineering Mechanics (Statics, Dynamics, Solids Mechanics) Fluid Mechanics Thermodynamics | Natural resources engineering | 0.847113 |
763 | In rectangular Cartesian coordinates, the equation y = x2 represents a parabola. The generalized equation y = x r, for r ≠ 0 and r ≠ 1, can be treated as defining a generalized parabola. The idea of generalized conic has found applications in approximation theory and optimization theory.Among the several possible ways ... | Generalized conic | 0.847099 |
764 | Tactical decisions of a different type are done by Cordillera (a tutorial DS for teaching physics, built using TuTalk). In many points during the lesson, the DM should decide: Whether to Tell the pupil some fact, or try to Elicit this fact from him by asking guiding questions. Whether to ask the pupil to Justify his an... | Dialog manager | 0.847063 |
765 | Doubly fed electric motors have two independent multiphase winding sets, which contribute active (i.e., working) power to the energy conversion process, with at least one of the winding sets electronically controlled for variable speed operation. Two independent multiphase winding sets (i.e., dual armature) are the max... | Electromagnetic motor | 0.847055 |
766 | Advanced Placement (AP) Physics C: Mechanics (also known as AP Mechanics) is an introductory physics course administered by the College Board as part of its Advanced Placement program. It is intended to proxy a one-semester calculus-based university course in mechanics. The content of Physics C: Mechanics overlaps with... | AP Physics C: Mechanics | 0.847048 |
767 | The fact that homomorphisms can be composed leads to rich algebraic structures: a preorder on graphs, a distributive lattice, and a category (one for undirected graphs and one for directed graphs). The computational complexity of finding a homomorphism between given graphs is prohibitive in general, but a lot is known ... | Graph homomorphism | 0.847043 |
768 | Structural biology – Ångstrom-resolution structures of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and complexes thereof. Biochemistry and chemistry – biomolecular structure, siRNA, nucleic acid structure, structure-activity relationships. Computer science – Neural networks, biomolecular and drug databases. | Biophysics | 0.847029 |
769 | There is a pseudo-polynomial time algorithm using dynamic programming. There is a fully polynomial-time approximation scheme, which uses the pseudo-polynomial time algorithm as a subroutine, described below. Many cases that arise in practice, and "random instances" from some distributions, can nonetheless be solved exa... | Knapsack constraints | 0.847029 |
770 | Reviewer Royce Zia from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute wrote that according to many students and professors, a major problem with the first edition of the book was how mathematically heavy the book was, which distracted students from the essential physics. In the second edition, many issues were addressed, more ins... | Classical Electrodynamics (book) | 0.847027 |
771 | Because V contains all disjoint transpositions in A4, gvg−1 ∈ V. Hence, gvg−1 ∈ H ⋂ V = K. Since gvg−1 ≠ v, we have demonstrated that there is a third element in K. But earlier we assumed that |K| = 2, so we have a contradiction. Therefore, our original assumption that there is a subgroup of order 6 is not true and con... | Lagrange's theorem (group theory) | 0.847022 |
772 | Many of the examples given here have only universal, or algebraic axioms. The class of structures satisfying such a theory has the property of being closed under substructure. For example, a subset of a group closed under the group actions of multiplication and inverse is again a group. | First order theory | 0.847017 |
773 | Since many students who apply to graduate programs in biology do so during the first half of their fourth year, the scope of most questions is largely that of the first three years of a standard American undergraduate biology curriculum. A sampling of test item content is given below: | GRE Biology Test | 0.847012 |
774 | e 1. Euler's constant 2. A frame 3. An electron E Energy E6 E6 is the exceptional Lie algebra of rank 6 and dimension 78. | Glossary of string theory | 0.847012 |
775 | PCR amplicon enrichment enriches a portion of the viral genome prior to sequencing. This is done via PCR amplification of primers that are complementary to a known, highly conserved nucleotide sequence. PCR amplicon enrichment is then followed by whole genome sequencing methods and has been used to track the Ebola viru... | Viral metagenomics | 0.847003 |
776 | Sequencing performance can be measured in read length, accuracy, and total throughput per experiment. PacBio sequencing systems using ZMWs have the advantage of long read lengths, although error rates are on the order of 5-15% and sample throughput is lower than Illumina sequencing platforms.On 19 Sep 2018, Pacific Bio... | SMRT sequencing | 0.847002 |
777 | Basic questions involve the study of points of special interest like singular points, inflection points and points at infinity. More advanced questions involve the topology of the curve and the relationship between curves defined by different equations. Algebraic geometry occupies a central place in modern mathematics ... | Computational algebraic geometry | 0.847001 |
778 | At first, sentences in English are converted into kernel sentences, which each contain a single piece of information. Next, the kernel sentences are converted into mathematical expressions. The knowledge base which supports the transformation contains 52 facts.STUDENT uses a rule-based system with logic inference. The ... | STUDENT (computer program) | 0.846969 |
779 | In the case of ferroelectric or conducting material, the particles would have a high dielectric constant. There may be some confusion here as to the dielectric constant of a conductor, but "if a material with a high dielectric constant is placed in an electric field, the magnitude of that field will be measurably reduc... | Electrorheological Fluid | 0.846964 |
780 | In computer science, the time complexity is the computational complexity that describes the amount of computer time it takes to run an algorithm. Time complexity is commonly estimated by counting the number of elementary operations performed by the algorithm, supposing that each elementary operation takes a fixed amoun... | Subquadratic time | 0.846946 |
781 | Protein social behavior makes a stronger signal for partner identification than surface geometry. Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics (2017). Great interactions: How binding incorrect partners can teach us about protein recognition and function. | Help Cure Muscular Dystrophy | 0.846934 |
782 | In this type of machine learning task, the output is a discrete variable. One example of this type of task in bioinformatics is labeling new genomic data (such as genomes of unculturable bacteria) based on a model of already labeled data. | Machine learning in bioinformatics | 0.846934 |
783 | In engineering and physics, a spring system or spring network is a model of physics described as a graph with a position at each vertex and a spring of given stiffness and length along each edge. This generalizes Hooke's law to higher dimensions. This simple model can be used to solve the pose of static systems from cr... | Spring system | 0.846931 |
784 | With this reduction, the algorithm is O(nL)-time and O(nL)-space. However, the original paper, "A fast algorithm for optimal length-limited Huffman codes", shows how this can be improved to O(nL)-time and O(n)-space. The idea is to run the algorithm a first time, only keeping enough data to be able to determine two equ... | Package-merge algorithm | 0.846922 |
785 | In molecular biology, an actomyosin contractile ring is a prominent structure during cytokinesis. It forms perpendicular to the axis of the spindle apparatus towards the end of telophase, in which sister chromatids are identically separated at the opposite sides of the spindle forming nuclei (Figure 1). The actomyosin ... | Actomyosin ring | 0.84692 |
786 | The method of image charges (also known as the method of images and method of mirror charges) is a basic problem-solving tool in electrostatics. The name originates from the replacement of certain elements in the original layout with imaginary charges, which replicates the boundary conditions of the problem (see Dirich... | Method of inversion | 0.846916 |
787 | But this shift from the physical sciences to the biological sciences is problematic, in the absence of any bridge between these two sciences, one quantitative, physics based on mathematical language and the other qualitative, based on the laws of genetics and molecular biology. OP aims to study the effect of a mechanic... | Physical oncology | 0.846908 |
788 | Different models may or may not support multiplication of different types of numbers; for instance the set model in which numbers are presented as collections of objects, and multiplication as the union of multiple sets with the same number of objects in each, cannot be extended to multiplication of fractional or real ... | Multiplication and repeated addition | 0.846887 |
789 | A synchro will fall into one of eight functional categories: Torque transmitter (TX) Input: rotor positioned mechanically or manually by the information to be transmitted. Output: electrical output from stator identifying the rotor position supplied to a torque receiver, torque differential transmitter or a torque diff... | Synchro | 0.846884 |
790 | It can be hard to solve for variables in boolean algebra, because unlike regular algebra, several operations do not have inverses. Operations without inverses lose some of the original data bits when they are performed, and it is not possible to recover this missing information. Has inverse NOT XOR Rotate left Rotate r... | Bitwise operators | 0.846858 |
791 | Much of the structure of a finite group is carried in the structure of its so-called local subgroups, the normalizers of non-identity p-subgroups.The large elementary abelian subgroups of a finite group exert control over the group that was used in the proof of the Feit–Thompson theorem. Certain central extensions of e... | P-primary group | 0.846854 |
792 | These structures are defined over two sets, a ring R and an R-module M equipped with an operation called multiplication. This can be viewed as a system with five binary operations: two operations on R, two on M and one involving both R and M. Many of these structures are hybrid structures of the previously mentioned on... | Outline of algebraic structures | 0.846851 |
793 | Instead, memory safety properties must either be guaranteed by the compiler via static program analysis and automated theorem proving or carefully managed by the programmer at runtime. For example, the Rust programming language implements a borrow checker to ensure memory safety, while C and C++ provide no memory safet... | Memory safety | 0.846848 |
794 | In physics, one considers an ideal black body, here labeled B, defined as one that completely absorbs all of the electromagnetic radiation falling upon it at every frequency ν (hence the term "black"). According to Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation, this entails that, for every frequency ν, at thermodynamic equilibr... | Planckian distribution | 0.846834 |
795 | Theorem: The map h: π 2 n − 1 ( S n ) → Z {\displaystyle h\colon \pi _{2n-1}(S^{n})\to \mathbb {Z} } is a homomorphism. If n {\displaystyle n} is odd, h {\displaystyle h} is trivial (since π 2 n − 1 ( S n ) {\displaystyle \pi _{2n-1}(S^{n})} is torsion). If n {\displaystyle n} is even, the image of h {\displaystyle h} ... | Hopf invariant | 0.846831 |
796 | Thus, in this setting, the time and space bounds are the same as for breadth-first search and the choice of which of these two algorithms to use depends less on their complexity and more on the different properties of the vertex orderings the two algorithms produce. For applications of DFS in relation to specific domai... | Depth-first search | 0.846827 |
797 | Pre-algebra Elementary algebra Boolean algebra Abstract algebra Linear algebra Universal algebra | Outline of algebra | 0.846811 |
798 | In computer science, a memory leak is a type of resource leak that occurs when a computer program incorrectly manages memory allocations in a way that memory which is no longer needed is not released. A memory leak may also happen when an object is stored in memory but cannot be accessed by the running code (i.e. unrea... | Memory leak | 0.846808 |
799 | This change of scale requires much higher sensitivity of detection and stability for long term measurement. In contrast to MRI, structural biology studies do not directly generate an image, but rely on complex computer calculations to generate three-dimensional molecular models. | Protein nuclear magnetic resonance | 0.846807 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.