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79,000 | While the demonstration by Adleman showed the possibility of DNA-based computers, the DNA design was trivial because as the number of nodes in a graph grows, the number of DNA components required in Adleman's implementation would grow exponentially. Therefore, computer scientist and biochemists started exploring tile-a... | DNA computer | 0.800174 |
79,001 | The rusty compass, therefore, is no weaker than the Poncelet-Steiner theorem. The rusty compass is also no stronger. The Poncelet-Steiner theorem reduces Ferrari's rusty compass equivalence, a claim at the time, to a single-use compass: all points necessary to uniquely describe any compass-straightedge construction may... | Poncelet–Steiner theorem | 0.800174 |
79,002 | Therefore, multitasking people not only perform each task less suitably, but lose time in the process. According to a study done by Jordan Grafman, chief of the cognitive neuroscience section at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, "the most anterior part allows to leave something when it's in... | Human multitasking | 0.800173 |
79,003 | The group G A {\displaystyle G_{\mathbb {A} }} is isomorphic to G fin × G R {\displaystyle G_{\text{fin}}\times G_{\mathbb {R} }} and is a locally compact group with the product topology, since G fin {\displaystyle G_{\text{fin}}} and G R {\displaystyle G_{\mathbb {R} }} are both locally compact. Let Z ^ = ∏ p < ∞ Z p ... | Maass cusp form | 0.800172 |
79,004 | Linear programming (LP), also called linear optimization, is a method to achieve the best outcome (such as maximum profit or lowest cost) in a mathematical model whose requirements are represented by linear relationships. Linear programming is a special case of mathematical programming (also known as mathematical optim... | 0-1 integer programming | 0.800172 |
79,005 | David Albert Cooper, Martyn Andrew Haydon French, Elizabeth Mara Dax, Dominic Edmund Dwyer, David Llewellyn Gordon, John Martin Kaldor, Robert Gallo, and Peter James McDonald were expert witnesses testifying against the claims. The presiding Justice John Sulan found that Papadopulos-Eleopulos lacked training and expert... | Andre Chad Parenzee | 0.800172 |
79,006 | The AYRCOB has several affiliated organizations including: China Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI)Japan The University of Tokyo Graduate University for Advanced StudiesKorea Yonsei University Ewha Womans University University of Science and Technology (UST)Singapore Nanyang Technological University National University o... | Asian Young Researchers Conference on Computational and Omics Biology | 0.800171 |
79,007 | The special case when k = ∞ {\displaystyle k=\infty } gives us the space of test functions. This section defines the canonical LF topology as a direct limit. It is also possible to define this topology in terms of its neighborhoods of the origin, which is described afterwards. | Spaces of test functions and distributions | 0.800171 |
79,008 | Furthermore, specific energies approaching 10 J cm−3 are required to achieve a comparable destruction efficiency in the cross-flow reactor. This indicates that optimization of the reactor geometry is a critical aspect of achieving maximum destruction efficiencies. | Microplasma | 0.800171 |
79,009 | In 1988 he was awarded a bronze medal at the International Mathematical Olympiad. He enlisted to the IDF's Talpiot program, and studied at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where he earned his BSc in Mathematics and Physics in 1991 and his master's degree in mathematics in 1995. In 1999 he finished his Ph.D., his the... | Elon Lindenstrauss | 0.800171 |
79,010 | In computer science, incremental learning is a method of machine learning in which input data is continuously used to extend the existing model's knowledge i.e. to further train the model. It represents a dynamic technique of supervised learning and unsupervised learning that can be applied when training data becomes a... | Incremental learning | 0.800171 |
79,011 | He proved that every finite tournament contains an odd number of Hamiltonian paths. He gave several proofs of the theorem on quadratic reciprocity. He proved important results concerning the invariants of the class groups of quadratic number fields. | László Rédei | 0.80017 |
79,012 | In mathematics and theoretical physics, and especially gauge theory, the deformed Hermitian Yang–Mills (dHYM) equation is a differential equation describing the equations of motion for a D-brane in the B-model (commonly called a B-brane) of string theory. The equation was derived by Mariño-Minasian-Moore-Strominger in ... | Deformed Hermitian Yang–Mills equation | 0.80017 |
79,013 | Bohr was educated at Gammelholm Latin School, starting when he was seven. In 1903, Bohr enrolled as an undergraduate at Copenhagen University. His major was physics, which he studied under Professor Christian Christiansen, the university's only professor of physics at that time. | Niels Bohr | 0.800169 |
79,014 | Some authors distinguish computer algebra from symbolic computation using the latter name to refer to kinds of symbolic computation other than the computation with mathematical formulas. Some authors use symbolic computation for the computer science aspect of the subject and "computer algebra" for the mathematical aspe... | Symbolic mathematics | 0.800169 |
79,015 | Concrete CMS code is based on model–view–controller architecture and object-oriented programming. Some core features are: integrated server caching, developer API, version tracking system and search engine optimization. | Concrete CMS | 0.800169 |
79,016 | The equation is named after Russian scientist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky who independently derived it and published it in his 1903 work.The equation had been derived earlier by the British mathematician William Moore in 1810, and later published in a separate book in 1813.American Robert Goddard independently developed the... | Tsiolkovsky rocket equation | 0.800169 |
79,017 | The lemma is a corollary of the envelope theorem. Specifically, the maximum profit can be rewritten as π ( p , x ∗ ) = p ⋅ f ( x ∗ ( p ) ) − w ⋅ x ∗ ( p ) {\displaystyle \pi (p,x^{*})=p\cdot f(x^{*}(p))-w\cdot x^{*}(p)} where x ∗ {\displaystyle x^{*}} is the maximizing input corresponding to y ∗ {\displaystyle y^{*}} .... | Hotelling's lemma | 0.800169 |
79,018 | In mathematics, the Lie algebra E7½ is a subalgebra of E8 containing E7 defined by Landsberg and Manivel in order to fill the "hole" in a dimension formula for the exceptional series En of simple Lie algebras. This hole was observed by Cvitanovic, Deligne, Cohen and de Man. E7½ has dimension 190, and is not simple: as ... | E7½ (Lie algebra) | 0.800168 |
79,019 | Inhaling a small volume of the gas temporarily changes the timbre and quality of the human voice. The behavior of liquid helium-4's two fluid phases, helium I and helium II, is important to researchers studying quantum mechanics and the phenomenon of superfluidity in particular, and to those looking at the effects that... | Period 1 element | 0.800168 |
79,020 | Short for axial vector 4. An asymmetry action A function S on the space of fields given (formally) by the integral of the Lagrangian density over spacetime, whose stationary points are the solutions of the equations of motion. ADE Refers to the ADE classification (An,Dn, E6, E7, E8) of simply laced Dynkin diagrams, and... | Glossary of string theory | 0.800168 |
79,021 | These are combined with 80 other people who perform administrative duties, workshops, garage, and a staff of guards. The departments and labs are designed to focus on scientific and technical aspects of observatory sciences.The departments are as follows: Plasma astrophysics, Extragalactic radio astronomy, Pulsar physi... | Astro Space Center (Russia) | 0.800168 |
79,022 | In probability theory and theoretical computer science, McDiarmid's inequality is a concentration inequality which bounds the deviation between the sampled value and the expected value of certain functions when they are evaluated on independent random variables. McDiarmid's inequality applies to functions that satisfy ... | McDiarmid's inequality | 0.800168 |
79,023 | Li Sheng (Chinese: 李生; born 1943), is a professor at the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), China. He began his research on Chinese-English machine translation in 1985, making himself one of the earliest Chinese scholars in this field. After that, he pursued in vast topics... | Li Sheng (computer scientist) | 0.800168 |
79,024 | The MEC conducts basic, strategic and applied research as well as technology transfer with partners from 22 countries in Europe, Asia and the Americas. The research spans a broad spectrum of subjects, including robotics and microsystems, sensor systems, high-speed automation and intelligent control, rapid manufacturing... | Manufacturing Engineering Centre | 0.800167 |
79,025 | The first annual lecture, Recreational Mathematics and Computer Science: Martin Gardner's Influence on Research, was given by Erik Demaine of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Saturday, August 3, 2019, at MathFest in Cincinnati. The 2021 lecture Surprising discoveries of three amateur mathematicians: M.C. Es... | Martin Gardner | 0.800167 |
79,026 | Dynamic kinetic resolution in chemistry is a type of kinetic resolution where 100% of a racemic compound can be converted into an enantiopure compound. It is applied in asymmetric synthesis. Asymmetric synthesis has become a much explored field due to the challenge of creating a compound with a single 3D structure. | Dynamic Kinetic Resolution In Asymmetric Synthesis | 0.800167 |
79,027 | RANSAC can only estimate one model for a particular data set. As for any one-model approach when two (or more) model instances exist, RANSAC may fail to find either one. The Hough transform is one alternative robust estimation technique that may be useful when more than one model instance is present. Another approach f... | Random sample consensus | 0.800167 |
79,028 | Orbifold notation for wallpaper groups, advocated by John Horton Conway (Conway, 1992) (Conway 2008), is based not on crystallography, but on topology. One can fold the infinite periodic tiling of the plane into its essence, an orbifold, then describe that with a few symbols. A digit, n, indicates a centre of n-fold ro... | Plane group | 0.800167 |
79,029 | A nitronate (IUPAC: azinate) in organic chemistry is a functional group with the general structure R1R2C=NO−2. It is the anion of nitronic acid (sometimes also called an aci, or an azinic acid), a tautomeric form of a nitro compound. Just as ketones and aldehydes can exist in equilibrium with their enol tautomer, nitro... | Nitronic acid | 0.800167 |
79,030 | Its positive energy unitary irreducible representations are indexed by mass (nonnegative number) and spin (integer or half integer) and are associated with particles in quantum mechanics (see Wigner's classification). In accordance with the Erlangen program, the geometry of Minkowski space is defined by the Poincaré gr... | Poincaré invariance | 0.800167 |
79,031 | The same set of APIs defined in the NumPy package (numpy. *) are available under cupy. * package. Multi-dimensional array (cupy.ndarray) for boolean, integer, float, and complex data types Module-level functions Linear algebra functions Fast Fourier transform Random number generator | CuPy | 0.800167 |
79,032 | In artificial intelligence, sequential decision making refers to algorithms that take the dynamics of the world into consideration, thus delaying parts of the problem until it must be solved. It can be described as a procedural approach to decision-making, or as a step by step decision theory. Sequential decision makin... | Sequential decision making | 0.800166 |
79,033 | The company emerged from a University of Edinburgh project initiated in 1994 by Win Rampen and Stephen Salter with a focus on producing high-tech machines to generate renewable energy and reduce fuel consumption of vehicles. The UK Carbon Trust supported the research project splitting off into a fully operational compa... | Artemis Intelligent Power | 0.800166 |
79,034 | Its symbolic calculation system is based on a trimmed version of the calculation software Derive. In addition to its algebra and calculus capabilities, the Voyage 200 is packaged with list, spreadsheet, and data processing applications and can perform curve fitting to a number of standard functions and other statistica... | TI-92 series | 0.800166 |
79,035 | The energy eigenstates form a basis: any wave function may be written as a sum over the discrete energy states or an integral over continuous energy states, or more generally as an integral over a measure. This is the spectral theorem in mathematics, and in a finite-dimensional state space it is just a statement of the... | Schrödinger’s equation | 0.800166 |
79,036 | and Ph.D. degrees in physics, in 1975 and 1980, respectively. While earning his graduate degrees, Ziolkowski was also a Graduate Teaching Assistant (1974–1977) and then Graduate Research Assistant (1975–1976). During his doctoral studies, he was supervised by Georges A. Deschamps. | Richard W. Ziolkowski | 0.800165 |
79,037 | At that time, the University of Berlin, not Göttingen, was the main facility for mathematical research in Germany. Thus Dedekind went to Berlin for two years of study, where he and Bernhard Riemann were contemporaries; they were both awarded the habilitation in 1854. Dedekind returned to Göttingen to teach as a Privatd... | Richard Dedekind | 0.800165 |
79,038 | HOL with standard semantics is more expressive than first-order logic. For example, HOL admits categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers, and of the real numbers, which are impossible with first-order logic. However, by a result of Kurt Gödel, HOL with standard semantics does not admit an effective, sound, and... | Ordered logic | 0.800165 |
79,039 | In addition to his work as a University of Sydney lecturer, Curran directs the National Computer Science School, an annual summer school for technologically talented high school students. In 2013, based on their work with NCSS, he and a number of other organisers founded Grok Learning. Curran is also an advocate for em... | James Curran (linguist) | 0.800165 |
79,040 | In 2007 the same team reported a Maxwell's Demon-inspired molecular information ratchet. Another important demonstration of nanoengineering and nanotechnology was the building of a practical artificial Brownian motor by IBM in 2018. Specifically, an energy landscape was created by accurately shaping a nanofluidic slit,... | Brownian motor | 0.800164 |
79,041 | When combined with the use of other isotopic labels, 15N is also a very important tracer for describing the fate of nitrogenous organic pollutants. Nitrogen-15 tracing is an important method used in biogeochemistry. The ratio of stable nitrogen isotopes, 15N/14N or δ15N, tends to increase with trophic level, such that ... | Isotope signature | 0.800164 |
79,042 | The pairing is used in number theory and algebraic geometry, and has also been applied in elliptic curve cryptography and identity based encryption. | Weil pairing | 0.800164 |
79,043 | Despite the relatively short lifetime of about 25 picoseconds, the dropletons are stable enough to be studied and possess favorable properties for certain investigations of quantum mechanics. They are approximately 200 nanometers wide, the size of the smallest bacteria, for which reason the discoverers have expressed h... | Dropleton | 0.800163 |
79,044 | The Fleming Prize Lecture was started by the Microbiology Society in 1976 and named after Alexander Fleming, one of the founders of the society. It is for early career researchers, generally within 12 of being awarded their PhD, who have an outstanding independent research record making a distinct contribution to micro... | Fleming Prize Lecture | 0.800162 |
79,045 | A major application for Fitts's law is 2D virtual pointing tasks on computer screens, in which targets have bounded sizes in both dimensions. Fitts's law has been extended to two-dimensional tasks in two different ways. For navigating e.g. hierarchical pull-down menus, the user must generate a trajectory with the point... | Fitts's law | 0.800162 |
79,046 | The high surface area further allows for fast charging and discharging. The practicality of nanowire batteries is reasoned that a laptop computer that runs on a regular lithium-ion battery for two hours could potentially operate up to 20 hours using a nanowire battery without recharging, which would be a considerable a... | Timeline of United States inventions (after 1991) | 0.800162 |
79,047 | In April 1997, Martha Palmer and Marc Light organized a workshop entitled Tagging with Lexical Semantics: Why, What, and How? in conjunction with the Conference on Applied Natural Language Processing. At the time, there was a clear recognition that manually annotated corpora had revolutionized other areas of NLP, such ... | SemEval | 0.800161 |
79,048 | Characterized by their spin, a bosonic field can be scalar fields, vector fields and even tensor fields. To illustrate, the electromagnetic field quantized is the photon field, which can be quantized using conventional methods of canonical or path integral quantization. This has led to the theory of quantum electrodyna... | Anti-symmetric operator | 0.800161 |
79,049 | In algebraic number theory, Minkowski's bound gives an upper bound of the norm of ideals to be checked in order to determine the class number of a number field K. It is named for the mathematician Hermann Minkowski. | Minkowski's bound | 0.800161 |
79,050 | In 16th-century Europe, celestial navigation of ships on long voyages relied heavily on ephemerides to determine their position and course. These voluminous charts prepared by astronomers detailed the position of stars and planets at various points in time. The models used to compute these were based on spherical trigo... | Prosthaphaeresis | 0.800161 |
79,051 | Given a time series x of length sequence_length. In the recurrent neural network, there is a loop that processes all entries of the time series x through the layers neural_network one after another. These have as return value in each time step i both the prediction y_pred and an updated hidden state hidden, which has t... | Recurrent neural networks | 0.800161 |
79,052 | In applied statistics, a partial regression plot attempts to show the effect of adding another variable to a model that already has one or more independent variables. Partial regression plots are also referred to as added variable plots, adjusted variable plots, and individual coefficient plots. When performing a linea... | Partial regression plot | 0.80016 |
79,053 | Sensitivity analysis studies the relationship between the output of a model and its input variables or assumptions. Historically, the need for a role of sensitivity analysis in modelling, and many applications of sensitivity analysis have originated from environmental science and ecology. | Applications of sensitivity analysis to environmental sciences | 0.80016 |
79,054 | He believes that topological quantum computing is about to revolutionize computer science, and hopes that his teaching will help his students to understand its principles.In 2008 de Garis received a 3 million Chinese yuan grant (around $436,000) to build an artificial brain for China (the China-Brain Project), as part ... | Hugo de Garis | 0.80016 |
79,055 | He then pursued an M.S. in geology at the University of Georgia, where he graduated in 1969. The title of his thesis was "Petrological and geochemical studies in the Coronaca area, Greenwood County, South Carolina". | Harry McSween | 0.800159 |
79,056 | All quantum-mechanical observables may be simultaneously assigned definite values (this is the realism postulate, which is false in standard quantum mechanics, since there are observables which are indefinite in every given quantum state). These global value assignments may deterministically depend on some 'hidden' cla... | Quantum contextuality | 0.800159 |
79,057 | This loss shows up in the form of power in side lobes. This theorem can also be derived in more detail by considering a partially filled transmitter array as being the superposition of a fully filled array plus an array consisting of only the gaps, broadcasting exactly out of phase with the filled array. The interferen... | Thinned-array curse | 0.800159 |
79,058 | Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI) is a graduate-level, research-based academic institution located in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The current president, Professor Eric Xing, joined in January 2021. Sir J. Michael Brady served as the founding, interim president. Professor Ling Shao wa... | Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence | 0.800159 |
79,059 | {\displaystyle \chi ^{2}=\sum _{i=1}^{n}{\frac {O_{i}^{2}}{E_{i}}}-N.} This result is the consequence of the Pythagorean theorem. The result about the numbers of degrees of freedom is valid when the original data are multinomial and hence the estimated parameters are efficient for minimizing the chi-squared statistic. ... | Pearson chi-squared test | 0.800159 |
79,060 | The term problem solving has a slightly different meaning depending on the discipline. For instance, it is a mental process in psychology and a computerized process in computer science. There are two different types of problems: ill-defined and well-defined; different approaches are used for each. Well-defined problems... | Collaborative problem-solving | 0.800158 |
79,061 | In 1967, he became involved full-time in educational problems, especially at the elementary school level. He spent many years in classrooms, both teaching mathematics and observing how it is taught. He spent four months teaching pre-algebra mathematics to a classroom of seventh graders and conducted summer courses for ... | Hassler Whitney | 0.800158 |
79,062 | In electrical engineering, a load profile is a graph of the variation in the electrical load versus time. A load profile will vary according to customer type (typical examples include residential, commercial and industrial), temperature and holiday seasons. Power producers use this information to plan how much electric... | Load profile | 0.800158 |
79,063 | The posterior probability is a type of conditional probability that results from updating the prior probability with information summarized by the likelihood via an application of Bayes' rule. From an epistemological perspective, the posterior probability contains everything there is to know about an uncertain proposit... | Posterior probability distribution | 0.800158 |
79,064 | The set of positive matrices is a subset of all non-negative matrices. While such matrices are commonly found, the term is only occasionally used due to the possible confusion with positive-definite matrices, which are different. A matrix which is both non-negative and is positive semidefinite is called a doubly non-ne... | Nonnegative matrices | 0.800158 |
79,065 | Let μ 1 , μ 2: F → R {\displaystyle \mu _{1},\mu _{2}:F\to \mathbb {R} } be two measures on the 𝜎-algebra F , {\displaystyle F,} and suppose that F = σ ( I ) {\displaystyle F=\sigma (I)} is generated by a π-system I . {\displaystyle I.} If μ 1 ( A ) = μ 2 ( A ) {\displaystyle \mu _{1}(A)=\mu _{2}(A)} for all A ∈ I , {... | Pi system | 0.800158 |
79,066 | In computer science, an interpreter is a computer program that directly executes instructions written in a programming or scripting language, without requiring them previously to have been compiled into a machine language program. An interpreter generally uses one of the following strategies for program execution: Pars... | Bytecode interpreter | 0.800158 |
79,067 | Algebraic operations can be done readily on the power series representation; for instance, Euler's formula follows from Taylor series expansions for trigonometric and exponential functions. This result is of fundamental importance in such fields as harmonic analysis. Approximations using the first few terms of a Taylor... | Taylor polynomial | 0.800158 |
79,068 | Type V (a=1, n(1)=0, n(2)=0) is the interval (0,1] along the axis a and type IV (a=1, n(1)=1, n(2)=0) is the vertical open face between the first and fourth quadrants of the a = 0 plane with the latter giving the class A limit of each type. The Einstein equations for a universe with a homogeneous space can reduce to a ... | Bianchi classification | 0.800157 |
79,069 | Tenofovir was initially synthesized by Antonín Holý at the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in Prague. The patent filed in 1986 makes no mention of the potential use of the compound for the treatment of HIV infection but claims activity against herpes simplex virus... | Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate | 0.800157 |
79,070 | EcoL 7, 207–227 (1981). "Some canonical chemical engineering catastrophes (Churchill festschrift)." Chem. | Rutherford Aris bibliography | 0.800157 |
79,071 | A8. q ↔ ( p → q ) {\displaystyle q\leftrightarrow (p\to q)\,\!} The corresponding theorem for ⟨ p ? | Propositional dynamic logic | 0.800157 |
79,072 | From 2018-2026 further supercomputer development is taking place under the European High-Performance Computing Joint Undertakingwithin the Horizon 2020 framework. Under Horizon 2020, European HPC Centres of Excellence are being funded to promote Exascale capabilities and scale up existing parallel codes in the domains ... | Supercomputing in Europe | 0.800157 |
79,073 | Top–down and bottom–up are two approaches for the manufacture of products. These terms were first applied to the field of nanotechnology by the Foresight Institute in 1989 to distinguish between molecular manufacturing (to mass-produce large atomically precise objects) and conventional manufacturing (which can mass-pro... | Bottom–up and top–down design | 0.800156 |
79,074 | In 2000, Allan Bradley left his appointment as professor at the Baylor College of Medicine, in the US, to take up the position as director of the Sanger Institute. Bradley wanted to build on the achievements made by the Sanger Institute in the Human Genome Project by "concentrating on gene function, cancer genomics, an... | Wellcome Sanger Institute | 0.800156 |
79,075 | The UK's national laboratory for fusion research, CCFE undertakes plasma theory and modelling studies to establish the physics basis for future fusion powerplants. It also studies the materials and engineering technology of tokamak fusion reactors. The centrepiece of CCFE's programme is the MAST Upgrade spherical tokam... | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | 0.800156 |
79,076 | IBM Db2 Community Edition is a free to download, use and redistribute edition of the IBM Db2 data server, which has both XML database and relational database management system features. It is limited to four CPU cores, 16 GB of RAM and no Enterprise support and fix packs. Db2 Community Edition has no limit on number of... | Db2 for i | 0.800156 |
79,077 | For element 105, they proposed joliotium (Jl) after the French physicist Frédéric Joliot-Curie, a contributor to the development of nuclear physics and chemistry; this name was originally proposed by the Soviet team for element 102, which by then had long been called nobelium. This recommendation was criticized by the ... | Dubnium | 0.800156 |
79,078 | Cortesi has pointed out the lack of certain terms for mathematics and geometry (although this demand may now be disputed as the current set of Lojban vocabulary does actually allow speakers to express such notions as steradian (stero), trigonometric tangent (tanjo), multiplicative inverse (fa'i), matrix transpose (re'a... | Lojban | 0.800156 |
79,079 | These resonances can be explained in terms of electron spin related phenomena such as quantum entanglement, spin–orbit interaction and Rabi oscillations, and analysed using advanced quantum optics theory. An individual NV center can be used as a basic unit for a quantum computer, a qubit, and used for quantum cryptogra... | Nitrogen-vacancy center | 0.800156 |
79,080 | Because of the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, generators, fuel cells, or batteries are required to ensure the reliability of Mini-grid Renewable Energy Systems (MRES). Otherwise, communities relying on real-time generation experience power outages when renewable generation is not possible. Due to fluc... | Mini-grid | 0.800156 |
79,081 | The group Aut(P(A)) = PGL(F(A)) ≅ PGL(n + 1, C) acts on P(A). The stabilizer of the hyperplane at infinity is a parabolic subgroup, which is the automorphism group of A. It is isomorphic (but not naturally isomorphic) to a semidirect product of the group GL(V) and V. The subgroup GL(V) is the stabilizer of some fixed r... | Complex affine space | 0.800156 |
79,082 | It represents the limiting distribution for a sum of independent, identically distributed random variables with finite variance and covariance where the number of elements to be summed is itself an independent random variable distributed according to a geometric distribution. Such geometric sums can arise in practical ... | Multivariate Laplace distribution | 0.800155 |
79,083 | 10 Short Lessons in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, ISBN 978-1-78929-216-9 Digitized: The science of computers and how it shapes our world, ISBN 978-0-19-969379-5 The Undercover Scientist: Investigating the Mishaps of Everyday Life, ISBN 978-1-84794-523-5 Why Sh*t Happens: The Science of a Really Bad Day, ISBN 97... | Peter J. Bentley | 0.800155 |
79,084 | Data is stored in a relational database management system by means of the ADOdb database abstraction library. MantisBT supports MySQL, MariaDB and PostgreSQL. It has experimental support for Microsoft SQL and Oracle.MantisBT maintains a database upgrade path between versions by modifying the database schema incremental... | Mantis Bugtracker | 0.800155 |
79,085 | 1930 - Arend Heyting develops an intuitionistic propositional calculus. 1931 – Kurt Gödel proves his incompleteness theorem which shows that every axiomatic system for mathematics is either incomplete or inconsistent. 1932 - C. I. Lewis and C. H. Langford's Symbolic Logic contains descriptions of the modal logic system... | Timeline of mathematical logic | 0.800155 |
79,086 | This example illustrates how Liouville's formula can help to find the general solution of a first-order system of homogeneous linear differential equations. Consider y ′ = ( 1 − 1 / x 1 + x − 1 ) ⏟ = A ( x ) y {\displaystyle y'=\underbrace {\begin{pmatrix}1&-1/x\\1+x&-1\end{pmatrix}} _{=\,A(x)}y} on the open interval I... | Liouville's formula | 0.800155 |
79,087 | Nakamura's theorem (Nakamura, 1979, Theorems 2.3 and 2.5). Let W {\displaystyle W} be a simple game. Then the core C ( W , p ) {\displaystyle C(W,p)} is nonempty for all profiles p {\displaystyle p} of acyclic preferences if and only if X {\displaystyle X} is finite and # X < ν ( W ) {\displaystyle \#X<\nu (W)} . Remar... | Nakamura number | 0.800154 |
79,088 | Compounds can also be shared between installations because their entire functionality is stored in XML files. The graph-based approach of ICE allows for the creation of effects previously attainable only through the use of scripting and/or compiled code. Due to its visual nature and interactivity, it is very accessible... | Autodesk Softimage | 0.800154 |
79,089 | Femtotechnology is a hypothetical term used in reference to structuring of matter on the scale of a femtometer, which is 10−15 m. This is a smaller scale in comparison with nanotechnology and picotechnology which refer to 10−9 m and 10−12 m respectively. | Femtotechnology | 0.800154 |
79,090 | Microbial population biology, in practice, is the application of population ecology and population genetics toward understanding the ecology and evolution of bacteria, archaebacteria, microscopic fungi (such as yeasts), additional microscopic eukaryotes (e.g., "protozoa" and algae), and viruses. Microbial population bi... | Microbial population biology | 0.800153 |
79,091 | Astrometeorology (from Greek ἄστρον, astron, "constellation, star"; μετέωρος, metéōros, "high in the sky"; and -λογία, -logia) or meteorological astrology is a pseudoscience that attempts to forecast the weather using astrology. It is the belief that the position and motion of celestial objects can be used to predict b... | Astrometeorology | 0.800153 |
79,092 | The electromagnetic force arises from an exchange of virtual photons, where the QFT description of gravity is that there is an exchange of virtual gravitons. This description reproduces general relativity in the classical limit. However, this approach fails at short distances of the order of the Planck length, where a ... | Gravitational physics | 0.800153 |
79,093 | More generally, given a field k and a degree-2 separable k-algebra K (which may be a field extension but need not be), one can define unitary groups with respect to this extension. First, there is a unique k-automorphism of K a ↦ a ¯ {\displaystyle a\mapsto {\bar {a}}} which is an involution and fixes exactly k ( a = a... | Indefinite unitary group | 0.800153 |
79,094 | Usually this is quite easy, and if there is no non-holonomic solution, then our original equation did not have any solutions. A PDE satisfies the h-principle if any non-holonomic solution can be deformed into a holonomic one in the class of non-holonomic solutions. Thus in the presence of h-principle, a differential to... | Homotopy principle | 0.800152 |
79,095 | Similar to the finite difference method or finite element method, values are calculated at discrete places on a meshed geometry. "Finite volume" refers to the small volume surrounding each node point on a mesh. In the finite volume method, surface integrals in a partial differential equation that contain a divergence t... | Partial Differential Equations | 0.800152 |
79,096 | In all likelihood the only reason it wasn't already used was because someone was adding references of different kinds and didn't want to figure out which references needed which template. Douady, S; Couder, Y (1996), "Phyllotaxis as a Dynamical Self Organizing Process" (PDF), Journal of Theoretical Biology, 178 (3): 25... | Talk:Fibonacci sequence | 0.800152 |
79,097 | These organisms utilize this symbiotic relationship in order to utilize and obtain the chemical energy that is released at these hydrothermal vent areas. Chemolithoautotrophic bacteria can derive nutrients and energy from the geological activity at a hydrothermal vent to fix carbon into organic forms.Viruses are also a... | Marine microorganism | 0.800152 |
79,098 | Renewable electricity generation by wind and solar is variable. This results in reduced capacity factor and may require keeping some gas-fired power plants or other dispatchable generation on standby until there is enough energy storage, demand response, grid improvement, and/or base load power from non-intermittent so... | Renewable electricity | 0.800152 |
79,099 | The mean value in composition of variety Changara of pearl millet are presented in the table below. The composition can be affected by both environment and genetics. Pearl millet usually has higher protein and fat contents than sorghum or other millets because the kernel is a naked caryopsis. All means values are expre... | Pearl millet | 0.800151 |
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